CN106171546A - The method of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn - Google Patents
The method of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171546A CN106171546A CN201610562009.0A CN201610562009A CN106171546A CN 106171546 A CN106171546 A CN 106171546A CN 201610562009 A CN201610562009 A CN 201610562009A CN 106171546 A CN106171546 A CN 106171546A
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- grafting
- scion
- autumn
- cunninghamiae lanceolatae
- lignum seu
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The method that the present invention relates to the grafting in autumn of a kind of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, including process, the process of scion, grafting, heat and moisture preserving measure and the managing after grafting of stock.The method is greatly improved the survival rate of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn, makes graft survival rate by original less than 30%, brings up to present about 90%；The time period of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in 1 year can be extended simultaneously, accelerate the process of extensive Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting, be effectively improved Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae gene and collect garden and the construction speed of breeding garden, shorten building time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, the method particularly relating to the grafting in autumn of a kind of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae.
Background technology
Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae is the main native soil reproducting tree species of south China, and Ye Shi China provides one of chief species of timber.For carrying
The productivity of high Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations, is generally selected excellent propagating materials and sets up breeding garden by grafting, produces breeding afforestation.
Traditional Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting was carried out in spring (the 3-4 month), and survival rate is higher.But the suitable time of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae spring grafting is relatively
Short, have influence on extensive Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting, delay the construction progress of large area breeding garden or cutting orchard etc..
Grafting in autumn is widely used on the breeding seedling-wood breeding of fruit tree, but the grafting in autumn of fruit tree is mostly in greenhouse or big
The facility of canopy is carried out.How to solve plant on-the-spot by autumn and winter adverse weather conditions under conditions of, improve graft survival rate
Problem, the graft technology of this respect there is presently no research report.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, the method that it is an object of the invention to provide the grafting in autumn of a kind of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae.
The concrete technical scheme realizing foregoing invention purpose is as follows:
The method of a kind of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn, comprises the following steps:
(1) process of stock: the process time is autumn, choose ground footpath rugosity be the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plant of 4～6cm as stock,
One is stayed to take turns side shoot as nutrition branch, sawed-off trunk at liftoff 40～60cm, select the smoother side of bark, edge at section part
It is switched to detachment face 4～5cm under phloem is vertical with xylem intersection, forms stock otch；
(2) process of scion: select the annual primary lateral branches of robust growth on Chinese Fir Plus Tree tree crown top as scion,
Cutting the long bevel of a length of 3～4cm away from scion terminal bud 1-2cm to scion base portion, the reverse side at long bevel cuts one again
Individual a length of 0.8～the short bevel of 1.2cm；
(3) grafting: scion is inserted stock otch, makes the long bevel xylem towards stock otch of scion, short bevel
Phloem towards stock otch, it is ensured that the medulla of long bevel docks with the cambium layer of stock side；Grafting mouth is bundled with adhesive tape
With stock otch, only expose the top of scion；
(4) heat and moisture preserving measure: transparent plastic bag is enclosed within scion and the top of grafting mouth, and will mould bottom grafting mouth
Pocket and stock are tied up fixing, make scion and grafting mouth be in the confined space in transparent plastic bag；
(5) managing after grafting: when, after scion safe overwintering, removing transparent plastic bag；After scion is healed, remove anvil in time
The rudiment bar grown on wood.
Wherein in some embodiments, the method for described Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn also includes growing space safeguard: connecing
When transparent plastic bag is overlapped on the top of fringe and grafting mouth, in transparent plastic bag, erect one or more holder to keep transparent moulding
The shape of the confined space in pocket.Holder can be branch, bamboo branch etc., with ensure scion have abundance growing space,
Ensure that transparent plastic bag will not affect surviving of scion because of the effect deformation of the natural conditions such as wind, rain, snow simultaneously.
Wherein in some embodiments, a length of the 8 of described holder～10cm, the volume of described confined space be 25～
50cm3。
Wherein in some embodiments, the specification of described transparent plastic bag is 10～13cm × 13～18cm.
Wherein in some embodiments, step (1) the described process time is November.
Wherein in some embodiments, a length of the 5～6cm of step (2) described scion.
Wherein in some embodiments, want a cutter to shape when scion is cut long bevel and short bevel by step (2), make bevel
Smooth.
Wherein in some embodiments, the time of step (5) removing transparent plastic bag is April March next year to next year.
The method of the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn that the present invention provides has the advantages that
Owing to the temperature and humidity of autumn and winter is the most relatively low, Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae enters rest period, and graft survival rate is relatively low.Inventor studies
Team has carried out the method that the long term test research of extensive grafting in autumn has obtained the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn of the present invention, significantly
Improve the survival rate of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn, make graft survival rate in autumn by original less than 30%, bring up to present 90%
Left and right；The time period of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in 1 year can be extended simultaneously, accelerate the process of extensive Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting, be effectively improved China fir
Wood gene collects garden and the construction speed of breeding garden, shortens building time.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the method for the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn of the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Autumn in 2011 (late November), chinese fir culture district, North Guangdong, Guangdong national level Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae Seed multiplication base state-run pitting woods
Lechang keteleeria fortunei (i.e. Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae) excellent material of field is collected in the construction in garden, adopts and carries out Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting with the following method:
(1) process of stock: choose ground footpath rugosity be the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plant of 4～6cm as stock, stay one to take turns side shoot as battalion
Support branch, sawed-off trunk at liftoff 50 ± 5cm, in the side that section part selection bark is smoother, hand over xylem along phloem
At boundary vertical under be switched to detachment face 4～5cm, form stock otch；
(2) process of scion: select the annual primary lateral branches of robust growth on Chinese Fir Plus Tree tree crown top as scion,
Scion retains length 5～6cm, cuts cutting the length of one a length of 3.5～4.5cm to scion base portion away from scion terminal bud 1.5cm
Face, the reverse side at long bevel is cut the short bevel of a length of 0.8～1.2cm again, is wanted a cutter to shape, make bevel smooth when cutting；
(3) grafting: scion is inserted stock otch, makes the long bevel xylem towards stock otch of scion, short bevel
Phloem towards stock otch, it is ensured that the medulla of long bevel docks with the cambium layer of stock side；Transfer with plastic adhesive tape binding
Interface and stock otch, only expose the top of scion；
(4) heat and moisture preserving measure: according to stock and the size of scion, the transparent plastic bag set selecting specification to be 13 × 18cm
On scion and the top of grafting mouth, and bottom grafting mouth, transparent plastic bag and stock are tied up fixing, make scion and grafting mouth
It is in the confined space in transparent plastic bag, plays the effect of heat and moisture preserving；
(5) growing space safeguard: when overlapping transparent plastic bag, erect one or more length in transparent plastic bag
It is the holder (such as branch, bamboo branch etc.) of 8～10cm, to keep the shape of the confined space in transparent plastic bag, makes at scion
It is about 25～50cm in size3Confined space in, it is to avoid the adverse effect that causes of deformation.
(6) managing after grafting: when after scion safe overwintering, to next year 3, April, remove transparent plastic bag；Treat that scion is more
After conjunction, remove the rudiment bar grown on stock in time.
In May, 2012 adds up graft survival rate, and grafting strain survives situation and is shown in Table 1, grafting 381 strain altogether, survives 343 strains, becomes
Motility rate 90.03%.
Lechang keteleeria fortunei (Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae) excellent material in table 1 pitting forest farm collects the grafting situation statistics in garden
| Area code | Grafting strain number | Survive strain number | Survival rate/% |
| One district | 161 | 153 | 95.03 |
| 2nd district | 59 | 48 | 81.36 |
| 3rd district | 161 | 142 | 88.20 |
| Add up to | 381 | 343 | 90.03 |
Embodiment 2
Autumn in 2013 (early November), chinese fir culture district, North Guangdong, Guangdong national level Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae Seed multiplication base state-run pitting woods
In the construction of the Lechang keteleeria fortunei breeding garden of field, the method for embodiment 1 is used to carry out Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting.
In April, 2014 adds up grafting survival situation, and the situation that survives of grafting strain is shown in Table 2, grafting 669 strain altogether, survives 607
Strain, survival rate 90.73%.
The grafting situation statistics of Lechang keteleeria fortunei (Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae) breeding garden in table 2 pitting forest farm
| Area code | Grafting strain number | Survive strain number | Survival rate/% |
| One district | 116 | 107 | 92.24 |
| 2nd district | 296 | 264 | 89.19 |
| 3rd district | 257 | 236 | 91.83 |
| Add up to | 669 | 607 | 90.73 |
Comparative example
In autumn in 2010 (late November), build at chinese fir culture district, North Guangdong, the Guangdong secondary advanced seed orchard of national level Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae
In, the most do not use the step (4) in the engrafting method in embodiment 1 and step (5), carry out Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae only with following method
Grafting:
(1) process of stock: choose ground footpath rugosity be the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plant of 3～7cm as stock, at liftoff 50～60cm
(staying one to take turns side shoot as nutrition branch) sawed-off trunk, in the side that section part selection bark is smoother, along phloem and xylem
It is switched to detachment face 3～5cm under intersection is vertical, forms stock otch；
(2) process of scion: select the annotinous branch of fir crown portion robust growth as scion, a length of 4～
5cm, cuts the long bevel of a length of 2.5～3.5cm in scion, the reverse side at long bevel cut again one a length of 0.6～
The short bevel of 0.8cm；
(3) grafting: scion is inserted stock otch, makes the long bevel xylem towards stock otch of scion, short bevel
Skin zone towards stock otch, it is ensured that the cambium layer of long bevel side aligns with the cambium layer of stock side；Tie with plastic adhesive tape
Tie up grafting mouth and stock otch, only expose the top of scion；
(4) managing after grafting: 2011 4, May, after grafting strain scion and stock heal, removes on stock long in time
The rudiment bar gone out.
Grafting survival situation is as follows: grafting 128 strain altogether, survives 27 strains, survival rate 21.09%.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can combine arbitrarily, for making description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
The all possible combination of each technical characteristic executed in example is all described, but, as long as the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all it is considered to be the scope that this specification is recorded.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but also
Can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that, come for those of ordinary skill in the art
Saying, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be accurate with claims.
Claims (8)
1. the method for Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) process of stock: the process time is autumn, choose ground footpath rugosity be the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plant of 4～6cm as stock, stay one
Wheel side shoot is as nutrition branch, and sawed-off trunk at liftoff 40～60cm, in the side that section part selection bark is smoother, along bast
It is switched to detachment face 4～5cm under portion is vertical with xylem intersection, forms stock otch；
(2) process of scion: select the annual primary lateral branches of robust growth on Chinese Fir Plus Tree tree crown top as scion, from
Cut the long bevel of a length of 3～4cm at scion terminal bud 1-2cm to scion base portion, the reverse side at long bevel cut again one long
Degree is the short bevel of 0.8～1.2cm；
(3) grafting: scion is inserted stock otch, makes the long bevel xylem towards stock otch of scion, short bevel towards
The phloem of stock otch, it is ensured that the medulla of long bevel docks with the cambium layer of stock side；With adhesive tape binding grafting mouth and anvil
Wood otch, only exposes the top of scion；
(4) heat and moisture preserving measure: transparent plastic bag is enclosed within scion and the top of grafting mouth, and by plastic bag bottom grafting mouth
Tie up fixing with stock, make scion and grafting mouth be in the confined space in transparent plastic bag；
(5) managing after grafting: when, after scion safe overwintering, removing transparent plastic bag；After scion is healed, remove in time on stock
The rudiment bar grown.
The method of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae the most according to claim 1 grafting in autumn, it is characterised in that also include that growing space ensures and arrange
Execute: when the top of scion and grafting mouth set transparent plastic bag, in transparent plastic bag, erect one or more holder to protect
Hold the shape of confined space in transparent plastic bag.
The method of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae the most according to claim 2 grafting in autumn, it is characterised in that described holder a length of 8～
10cm, the volume of described confined space is 25～50cm3。
4. according to the method for the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described transparent plastic bag
Specification be 10～13cm × 13～18cm.
5. according to the method for the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that step (1) described place
The reason time is November.
6. according to the method for the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that step connects described in (2)
A length of the 5 of fringe～6cm.
7. according to the method for the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that docking in step (2)
Fringe wants a cutter to shape when cutting long bevel and short bevel, make bevel smooth.
8. according to the method for the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that step (5) removes thoroughly
The time of bright plastic bag is April March next year to next year.
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| CN201610562009.0A CN106171546A (en) | 2016-07-14 | 2016-07-14 | The method of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae grafting in autumn |
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| CN106888814A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-27 | 刘四黑 | High section of oil tea changes hat combination engrafting method |
| CN106941937A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-14 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Shorten the garden building method of Chinese Fir Seed Orchards building well time |
| CN111543196A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-18 | 福建省清流国有林场(福建清流桂溪森林公园工作站) | Grafting method of Jiangnan Sequoia |
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Application publication date: 20161207 |