CN106164608B - 空调机 - Google Patents
空调机 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106164608B CN106164608B CN201580017869.XA CN201580017869A CN106164608B CN 106164608 B CN106164608 B CN 106164608B CN 201580017869 A CN201580017869 A CN 201580017869A CN 106164608 B CN106164608 B CN 106164608B
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- air conditioner
- compressor
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005373 pervaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/34—The mixture being non-azeotropic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
- F25B2400/121—Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/28—Means for preventing liquid refrigerant entering into the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/21—Refrigerant outlet evaporator temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2113—Temperatures of a suction accumulator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
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- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
空调机(100)在制冷循环回路中封入有非共沸混合制冷剂以及冷冻机油。并且,将压缩机(1)的吸入口和储液器(2)连接的制冷剂配管即吸入配管(21)的、与储液器(2)连接的一侧的端部向该储液器(2)的内部突出。此外,在空调机(100)的吸入配管(21)中,在配置于储液器(2)的内部的范围中的比储液器的中央部高的位置形成有回油孔(19)。空调机(100)的控制装置(16)控制减压装置(4)的开度,以便使流入储液器(2)的制冷剂的干度小于1。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及使用非共沸混合制冷剂的空调机。
背景技术
以往,作为在空调机等的制冷循环回路中使用的制冷剂,公知全球变暖系数(GWP)高的HFC制冷剂,主要使用作为近共沸制冷剂的HFC-R410A和作为单一制冷剂的HFC-R32等。另外,近年来,也提出了使用非共沸混合制冷剂的制冷循环装置,该非共沸混合制冷剂是将例如HFO-1234yf或HFO-1234ze的GWP低的HFO制冷剂与R32制冷剂混合的制冷剂(例如参照专利文献1)。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2009-257740号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
HFC-R32因具备制冷剂通过制冷循环回路内的制冷剂配管时压力损失小的特性,所以具有容易发挥出蒸发能力的特点,但是存在GWP高的问题。另一方面,HFO-1234yf和HFO-1234ze虽然GWP低,但是存在制冷剂通过制冷循环回路内的制冷剂配管时压力损失大、蒸发能力下降大的问题。因此,在使用将HFC-R32与HFO-1234yf混合或者是将HFC-R32与HFO-1234ze混合的非共沸混合制冷剂的情况下,由于HFO制冷剂的特性,也存在导致空调机的性能劣化的问题。
另外,在使用HFC-R410A等近共沸制冷剂或HFC-R32等单一制冷剂的以往的空调机中,在常规运转时,通过控制减压装置来使与压缩机的吸入侧连接的储液器入口的制冷剂干度成为1以上,从而在储液器内不存留液态制冷剂。因此,在使用HFC-R410A等近共沸制冷剂或HFC-R32等单一制冷剂的以往的空调机中,将储液器和压缩机的吸入口连接的制冷剂配管的储液器侧端部向储液器内突出,在该制冷剂配管的配置于储液器内的范围中的位于储液器的下部的位置形成有防止冷冻机油积存在储液器内的回油孔(小孔)。在这里,这种以往的空调机在无法过渡性地将制冷剂干度确保为1以上时,进行将液态制冷剂储存于储液器内的控制。因此,在制冷剂干度小于1时,将液态制冷剂与冷冻机油共同地从回油孔吸入压缩机,因此,存在压缩机的吸入压力损失变大、空调机性能劣化的问题。
本发明是为了解决上述那样的问题而做出的,目的在于得到一种使用非共沸混合制冷剂的空调机,该空调机即使将液态制冷剂储存于储液器内也能够实现高性能化。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明的空调机具备:制冷循环回路,所述制冷循环回路将压缩机、冷凝器、减压装置、蒸发器和储液器用制冷剂配管连接;以及控制装置,所述控制装置控制所述减压装置的开度,在吸入配管的与所述储液器连接的一侧的端部向所述储液器的内部突出,所述吸入配管是将所述压缩机的吸入口与所述储液器连接的制冷剂配管,所述制冷循环回路中封入有非共沸混合制冷剂和冷冻机油,在所述空调机中,在所述吸入配管的配置于所述储液器的内部的范围中,比所述储液器的中央部高的位置形成有回油孔,所述控制装置控制所述减压装置的开度,以便使流入所述储液器的制冷剂的干度小于1。
发明的效果
本发明的空调机在制冷循环回路中封入非共沸混合制冷剂,并使流入储液器的制冷剂的干度小于1。因此,能够将构成非共沸混合制冷剂的制冷剂中的沸点高的制冷剂优先地储存于储液器内。在使用将例如HFO-1234yf或HFO-1234ze与R32制冷剂混合的非共沸混合制冷剂的情况下,能够将沸点高的HFO-1234yf或HFO-1234ze储存于储液器内。即,本发明的空调机能够使循环制冷剂组成成为与封入制冷剂组成相比HFC-R32多的组成。因此,制冷循环回路的效率提高,能够防止使用非共沸混合制冷剂时的空调机的性能劣化。
另外,本发明的空调机在吸入配管的配置于储液器的内部的范围中的、比储液器的中央部高的位置形成有回油孔。因此,即使将制冷剂储存于储液器内,也能够防止压缩机吸入液态制冷剂,能够防止由压缩机的吸入压力损失而造成的空调机的性能劣化。
因此,本发明能够得到使用非共沸混合制冷剂的高性能的空调机。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的实施方式的空调机的制冷剂回路图。
图2是表示本发明的实施方式的空调机的压缩机和储液器的纵剖视图。
图3是表示本发明的实施方式的空调机的储液器附近的主要部分放大图(纵剖视图)。
具体实施方式
实施方式.
图1是表示本发明的实施方式的空调机的制冷剂回路图。图2是表示该空调机的压缩机和储液器的纵剖视图。另外,图3是表示该空调机的储液器附近的主要部分放大图(纵剖视图)。此外,在图1中,实线箭头表示制热运转时的制冷剂的流动方向,虚线箭头表示制冷运转时的制冷剂的流动方向。
如图1所示,本实施方式的空调机100具备制冷循环回路,所述制冷循环回路将压缩制冷剂的压缩机1、在制冷运转时和制热运转时切换制冷剂的循环方向的四通阀6、在制冷运转时作为冷凝器工作并在制热运转时作为蒸发器工作的室外侧换热器3、将高压的液态制冷剂减压成低压的气液二相制冷剂的减压装置4(例如电子控制式膨胀阀)、在制冷运转时作为蒸发器工作并在制热运转时作为冷凝器工作的室内侧换热器5、以及将制冷剂分离成液态制冷剂和气态制冷剂并向压缩机1供给气态制冷剂的储液器2用制冷剂配管连接。即,制冷运转时的空调机100的制冷循环回路是将压缩机1、作为冷凝器工作的室外侧换热器3、减压装置4、作为蒸发器工作的室内侧换热器5以及储液器2用制冷剂配管以环状连接而构成的。另外,制热运转时的空调机100的制冷循环回路是将压缩机1、作为冷凝器工作的室内侧换热器5、减压装置4、作为蒸发器工作的室外侧换热器3以及储液器2用制冷剂配管以环状连接而构成的。
在上述那样构成的制冷循环回路中封入有由低沸点制冷剂和高沸点制冷剂混合成的非共沸混合制冷剂。在本实施方式中,使用HFC-R32作为低沸点制冷剂,使用HFO-1234yf或HFO-1234ze作为高沸点制冷剂。
另外,在空调机100中,在室外侧换热器3中设置有室外侧送风机9,并且在室内侧换热器5中设置有室内侧送风机8(例如横流风扇)。此外,在本实施方式的空调机100中,为了在除湿运转时使室内侧换热器5的一部分作为蒸发器工作来对室内空气进行除湿,并使室内侧换热器5的另一部分作为冷凝器工作来将除湿后的室内空气加热并向室内送回,还具备再加热除湿用电磁阀7。
此外,在本实施方式的空调机100中设置有压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器10、压缩机排出制冷剂温度传感器11、室外侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器12和室内侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器13,所述压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器10设置于储液器2的制冷剂流入侧的制冷剂配管,检测流过该位置的制冷剂的温度,所述压缩机排出制冷剂温度传感器11设置于压缩机1的排出侧的配管,检测流过该位置的制冷剂的温度,所述室外侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器12设置于室外侧换热器3的例如中间部,检测流过室外侧换热器3的制冷剂的温度,所述室内侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器13设置于室内侧换热器5的例如中间部,检测流过室内侧换热器5的制冷剂的温度。并且,这些各个传感器、四通阀6、减压装置4、再加热除湿用电磁阀7、室内侧送风机8和室外侧送风机9与控制装置16电连接。即,控制装置16构成为能够接收上述传感器的检测值,并能够对四通阀6、减压装置4、再加热除湿用电磁阀7、室内侧送风机8和室外侧送风机9独立地进行控制。
此外,在本实施方式中,压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器10、压缩机排出制冷剂温度传感器11、室外侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器12和室内侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器13构成为通过检测制冷剂配管的温度来间接地检测制冷剂的温度。
这里,制冷运转时的室内侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器13(检测流过蒸发器的制冷剂的温度的传感器)以及制热运转时的室外侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器12(检测流过蒸发器的制冷剂的温度的传感器)相当于本发明的第一制冷剂温度传感器。另外,压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器10相当于本发明的第二制冷剂温度传感器。
在上述那样构成的空调机100的各个构成要素中,压缩机1、储液器2、室外侧换热器3、减压装置4、四通阀6、室外侧送风机9、压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器10、压缩机排出制冷剂温度传感器11和室外侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器12收纳在室外侧单元15中。另外,室内侧换热器5、再加热除湿用电磁阀7、室内侧送风机8以及室内侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器13收纳在室内侧单元14中。此外,控制装置16既可以收纳在室外侧单元15中,也可以收纳在室内侧单元14中,还可以分开地收纳在室外侧单元15和室内侧单元14中。
在这里,说明本实施方式的空调机100的压缩机1和储液器2的连接结构的详细情况。
如图2和图3所示,压缩机1的吸入口1a和储液器2由吸入配管21连接。此外,本实施方式的压缩机1是将由压缩机构部1b压缩的制冷剂向密闭容器1c内排出的高压型的压缩机。另外,压缩机1具备两个旋转式的压缩机构部1b。因此,在本实施方式中,各个压缩机构部1b的吸入口和储液器2由两条吸入配管21连接。
此外,压缩机1的压缩机构部1b的结构不限于旋转式,另外,压缩机构部1b的数量不限于两个。
上述的吸入配管21的与储液器2连接的一侧的端部向该储液器2的内部突出。更详细地说,在本实施方式中使用L字形配管作为吸入配管21,吸入配管21的储液器2的一侧的端部从储液器2的下部在储液器2内向上方突出。并且,如图3所示,在吸入配管21的配置于储液器2的内部的范围,在比储液器2的中央部高的位置形成有例如是小孔的回油孔19。如后所述,本实施方式的空调机100以使干度小于1的制冷剂从储液器吸入管18流入储液器2内来将液态制冷剂储存于储液器2内的方式运转。因此,优选将回油孔19形成于比储液器2的中央部高的位置。
这样构成的空调机100如下进行工作。
在制冷运转时,由压缩机1压缩的高温高压的气态制冷剂排出,经由四通阀6流入室外侧换热器3。在该室外侧换热器3中,利用设置于其风路的室外侧送风机9,室外的空气一边通过室外侧换热器3的翅片与管件(传热管)之间一边与制冷剂进行热交换,通过向室外侧空气放出冷凝潜热,制冷剂冷却成为高压的液体状态,室外侧换热器3作为冷凝器发挥作用。从室外侧换热器3出来的液态制冷剂通过减压装置4而减压成为低压的气液二相制冷剂,并流入室内侧换热器5。在室内侧换热器5中,利用安装于其风路的室内侧送风机8的驱动,室内空气一边通过室内侧换热器5的翅片与管件(传热管)之间一边与制冷剂进行热交换,由此,向室内空气吹出的空气被冷却。另一方面,气液二相制冷剂以蒸发潜热的形式从室内空气吸热,从而蒸发。
这里,控制装置16控制减压装置4的开度,以便使流入储液器2的制冷剂的干度小于1,即,以便使气液二相制冷剂流入储液器2。具体来说,在本实施方式中,控制装置16从设置于储液器2的吸入侧的压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器10的检测值(A℃)减去安装在作为蒸发器工作的室内侧换热器5上的室内侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器13的检测值(B℃),来计算出过热度(A-B)。然后,控制装置16控制减压装置4的开度,以便使该过热度(A-B)小于0℃。湿状态(气液两相状态)的非共沸混合制冷剂在蒸发过程中制冷剂温度逐渐降低。因此,通过使过热度(A-B)小于0℃,从而能够使流入储液器2的制冷剂的干度小于1。
干度小于1的制冷剂即气液二相制冷剂在储液器2内被分离成液态制冷剂和气态制冷剂。在使用非共沸混合制冷剂的情况下,例如HFC-R32(沸点:-58.3℃)与HFO-1234yf(沸点:-29℃)混合的混合制冷剂、或者是HFC-R32与HFO-1234ze(沸点:-19℃)混合的混合制冷剂的情况下,利用制冷剂的物理性质,能够将高沸点的制冷剂作为液态制冷剂20储存于所述储液器2中,能够使循环制冷剂组成成为与封入制冷剂组成相比HFC-R32多的组成。
此时,如果过多地使液态制冷剂20流入,则无论沸点的差如何,液态制冷剂20都会存留,因此,优选通过调整减压装置4的开度,将过热度(A-B)控制为接近0℃并小于0℃,从而能够使循环制冷剂组成成为HFC-R32最多的组成。
在这里,以往在位于储液器的下部的位置形成有回油孔。因此,在如本实施方式的空调机100那样以在储液器内储存液态制冷剂的方式运转的情况下,使液态制冷剂与冷冻机油共同地从回油孔吸入压缩机,因此,压缩机的吸入压力损失变大,空调机的性能劣化。但是,本实施方式的空调机100如上所述在比储液器2的中央部高的位置形成有回油孔19。因此,即使将液态制冷剂储存在储液器2内,也能够如图3所示地将回油孔19配置在液态制冷剂的上方。因此,在本实施方式的空调机100中,从回油孔19吸入的仅仅是积存在液态制冷剂的上方的冷冻机油,能够防止从回油孔19吸入液态制冷剂,从而能够防止空调机100的性能劣化。
在气液二相制冷剂在储液器2内被分离成液态制冷剂和气态制冷剂之后,气态制冷剂(详细地说是HFC-R32的比例变多的气态制冷剂)从吸入配管21的储液器2侧的端部被吸入压缩机1并再次被压缩。此后,通过反复进行同样的工序来反复进行制冷剂的状态变化,并用被室内侧换热器5冷却了的空气对室内空间进行空气调节(制冷)。
另外,在制热运转时通过四通阀6的反转,制冷剂在制冷循环回路中沿与上述制冷运转时的制冷剂的流向相反的方向流动,室内侧换热器5作为冷凝器发挥作用,室外侧换热器3作为蒸发器发挥作用,利用被室内侧换热器5加热了的空气对室内空间进行空气调节(制热)。
此时,控制装置16控制减压装置4的开度,以便使流入储液器2的制冷剂的干度小于1,即,以便使气液二相制冷剂流入储液器2。具体来说,控制装置16通过将设置于储液器2的吸入侧的压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器10的检测值(A℃)减去安装在作为蒸发器工作的室外侧换热器3上的室外侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器12的检测值(B℃),来计算出过热度(A-B)。然后,控制装置16控制减压装置4的开度,以便使该过热度(A-B)小于0℃。由此,能够使流入储液器2的制冷剂的干度小于1。
以上,通过如本实施方式那样构成空调机100,从而能够将构成非共沸混合制冷剂的制冷剂中的沸点高的制冷剂优先地储存于储液器内。例如,在使用将HFO-1234yf或HFO-1234ze与R32制冷剂混合的非共沸混合制冷剂的情况下,能够将沸点高的HFO-1234yf或HFO-1234ze储存于储液器内。即,本实施方式的空调机100能够使循环制冷剂组成成为与封入制冷剂组成相比HFC-R32多的组成。因此,本实施方式的空调机100的制冷循环回路的效率提高,能够防止使用非共沸混合制冷剂时的空调机100的性能劣化。另外,本实施方式的空调机100将回油孔19形成在比储液器2的中央部高的位置。因此,在本实施方式的空调机100中,即使将制冷剂储存在储液器2内,也能够防止压缩机1吸入液态制冷剂,也能够防止因压缩机1的吸入压力损失造成的空调机100的性能劣化。
因此,通过如本实施方式那样构成空调机100,从而能够得到使用非共沸混合制冷剂的高性能的空调机100。
附图标记的说明
1压缩机、1a吸入口、1b压缩机构部、1c密闭容器、2储液器、3室外侧换热器、4减压装置、5室内侧换热器、6四通阀、7再加热除湿用电磁阀、8室内侧送风机、9室外侧送风机、10压缩机吸入制冷剂温度传感器、11压缩机排出制冷剂温度传感器、12室外侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器、13室内侧换热器制冷剂温度传感器、14室内侧单元、15室外侧单元、16控制装置、18储液器吸入管、19回油孔、20液态制冷剂、21吸入配管、100空调机。
Claims (2)
1.一种空调机,具备:
制冷循环回路,所述制冷循环回路将压缩机、冷凝器、减压装置、蒸发器和储液器用制冷剂配管连接;以及
控制装置,所述控制装置控制所述减压装置的开度,
吸入配管的与所述储液器连接的一侧的端部向所述储液器的内部突出,所述吸入配管是将所述压缩机的吸入口与所述储液器连接的制冷剂配管,
在所述制冷循环回路中封入有非共沸混合制冷剂和冷冻机油,
所述空调机的特征在于,
所述空调机具有:
第一制冷剂温度传感器,所述第一制冷剂温度传感器检测流过所述蒸发器的制冷剂的温度;以及
第二制冷剂温度传感器,所述第二制冷剂温度传感器检测流入所述储液器的制冷剂的温度,
在所述吸入配管的配置于所述储液器的内部的范围中的、比所述储液器的中央部高的位置形成有回油孔,
所述控制装置控制所述减压装置的开度,以便使从所述第二制冷剂温度传感器的检测值减去所述第一制冷剂温度传感器的检测值而得到的值小于0℃,使流入所述储液器的制冷剂的干度小于1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空调机,其特征在于,
所述非共沸混合制冷剂是将HFO-1234yf或者HFO-1234ze与HFC-R32混合的制冷剂。
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EP3128264A4 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
RU2016143191A3 (zh) | 2018-05-07 |
CN106164608A (zh) | 2016-11-23 |
JP2015200431A (ja) | 2015-11-12 |
JP6120797B2 (ja) | 2017-04-26 |
EP3128264A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
RU2016143191A (ru) | 2018-05-07 |
ES2690125T3 (es) | 2018-11-19 |
US20160363357A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
US9933193B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 |
RU2666824C2 (ru) | 2018-09-12 |
WO2015152369A1 (ja) | 2015-10-08 |
EP3128264B1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
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