CN106125185A - 显示屏及其偏光片 - Google Patents

显示屏及其偏光片 Download PDF

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CN106125185A
CN106125185A CN201610755058.6A CN201610755058A CN106125185A CN 106125185 A CN106125185 A CN 106125185A CN 201610755058 A CN201610755058 A CN 201610755058A CN 106125185 A CN106125185 A CN 106125185A
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unit
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wiregrating
pixel
wire grid
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CN106125185B (zh
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崔宏青
查国伟
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610755058.6A priority Critical patent/CN106125185B/zh
Priority to JP2019508968A priority patent/JP6720403B2/ja
Priority to KR1020197007167A priority patent/KR102200755B1/ko
Priority to EP16914698.2A priority patent/EP3505982B1/en
Priority to US15/308,326 priority patent/US10203545B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/099051 priority patent/WO2018040134A1/zh
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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    • G02B5/30Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3058Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
    • GPHYSICS
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • G02F1/133548Wire-grid polarisers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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    • G02F1/13356Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
    • G02F1/133567Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements on the back side
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    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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    • G02B27/281Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for attenuating light intensity, e.g. comprising rotatable polarising elements

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Abstract

本发明提供一种显示屏及其偏光片,所述偏光片包括介质层以及设置于所述介质层上的线栅结构阵列,每个线栅结构包括三个第一线栅单元和一个第二线栅单元,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元分别包括多个间隔设置的线栅,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元用于将入射光转换为线偏振光。本发明提供的显示屏及其偏光片,通过改变R子像素、G子像素、B子像素以及W子像素单元对应的第一线栅单元及第二线栅单元的线栅周期和占空比,能够保证W子像素单元的白点色坐标与R子像素单元、G子像素单元以及B子像素单元合成的白点色坐标的一致性,从而改善RGBW显示屏的白点漂移的现象。

Description

显示屏及其偏光片
技术领域
本发明涉及触摸屏制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种显示屏及其偏光片。
背景技术
液晶显示器由于其优良的图像再现功能成为目前显示器件的首选,但是由于液晶层、偏光片、色阻的滤光作用,使得液晶显示器的整体穿透率仅有5%左右,这一点对于便携式的手机、平板等需求是不可接受的。RGBW显示技术通过在传统RGB色阻排列的基础上增加白色W画素,由于通常白色画素W采用高透过率的OC平坦层替代低透过率的色阻层,因而相对于RGB画素排列具有高亮度、低功耗的优势。白色背光通过OC平坦层构成的W画素后,W画素的白点色坐标与通过RGB画素合成的白点色坐标会存在一定的差异,而显示模组的白点色坐标其实是W画素与RGB画素白点色坐标的综合结果。因此,采用传统结构的RGBW显示器相对于RGB显示器其白点色坐标会存在明显的差异,特别是随着灰阶的变化其色坐标变化趋势有所不同,这一点无疑对RGBW显示器的色彩再现能力构成更严重的劣势,因而有必要采用适当手段使得RGB子像素合成的白光色坐标与W白光色坐标相匹配。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足,本发明提出了一种显示屏及其偏光片,能够使得RGB子像素合成的白光色坐标与W白光色坐标相匹配。
本发明提出的具体技术方案为:提供一种偏光片,包括介质层以及设置于所述介质层上的线栅结构阵列,所述线栅结构阵列包括多个线栅结构,每个线栅结构包括三个第一线栅单元和一个第二线栅单元,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元分别包括多个间隔设置的线栅,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元用于将入射光转换为线偏振光。
进一步地,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元的线栅周期分别为20nm~500nm;所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元的占空比分别为0.1~0.9。
进一步地,所述线栅沿与所述介质层及所述线栅垂直的方向上的截面的形状为方形、梯形或三角形。
进一步地,所述线栅的材质为铝、银或金。
本发明还提供了一种显示屏,包括背光模组以及依次设置于所述背光模组上的下基板、液晶层以及上基板,所述上基板包括色阻层以及位于所述色阻层上的上偏光片,所述下基板包括TFT阵列以及如权上所述的偏光片,所述偏光片设置于所述TFT阵列上,所述线栅阵列位于所述介质层与所述背光模组之间,所述色阻层包括多个像素,每一像素包括R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元和W子像素单元,所述R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元分别对应一个第一线栅单元,所述W子像素单元对应第二线栅单元。
进一步地,每个线栅结构中任意两个相邻的线栅单元之间的距离相等。
进一步地,所述色阻层还包括非像素单元,所述非像素单元上设置有位于所述R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元以及W子像素单元之间的黑矩阵。
进一步地,所述黑矩阵在所述偏光片上的投影位于两个相邻的线栅单元之间。
进一步地,所述上基板还包括位于所述色阻层与所述液晶层之间的OC平坦化层以及位于所述色阻层与所述上偏光片之间的基底。
本发明提供的显示屏及其偏光片,R子像素单元、G子像素单元以及B子像素单元分别对应一个第一线栅单元,W子像素单元对应一个第二线栅单元,通过改变R子像素、G子像素、B子像素以及W子像素单元对应的第一线栅单元及第二线栅单元的线栅周期和占空比,能够保证W子像素单元的白点色坐标与R子像素单元、G子像素单元以及B子像素单元合成的白点色坐标的一致性,从而改善RGBW显示屏的白点漂移的现象。
附图说明
下面结合附图,通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述,将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
图1为实施例1中显示屏的偏光片的结构示意图;
图2为图1中偏光片的线栅层的结构示意图;
图3为实施例1的显示屏的结构示意图;
图4为实施例2的显示屏的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下,将参照附图来详细描述本发明的实施例。然而,可以以许多不同的形式来实施本发明,并且本发明不应该被解释为限制于这里阐述的具体实施例。相反,提供这些实施例是为了解释本发明的原理及其实际应用,从而使本领域的其他技术人员能够理解本发明的各种实施例和适合于特定预期应用的各种修改。在附图中,相同的标号将始终被用于表示相同的元件。
实施例1
参照图1、图2,本实施例提供了一种偏光片1,其包括介质层11以及设置于介质层11上的线栅层12,线栅层12上设置有线栅结构阵列,线栅结构阵列包括多个线栅结构12a,每个线栅结构12a包括三个第一线栅单元120和一个第二线栅单元121,第一线栅单元120和第二线栅单元121分别包括多个间隔设置的线栅100,第一线栅单元120和第二线栅单元121用于将入射光转换为线偏振光。
具体的,线栅层12包括透光区及非透光区12b,透光区呈阵列设置,线栅结构12a设置于透光区中。线栅层12的材质为具有较大折射率虚部的材料,例如为铝、银或金等,介质层11的材质为SiO2、SiO、MgO、Si3N4、TiO2、Ta2O5等。入射光入射到线栅层12上时,线栅结构12a可以让偏正方向垂直于线栅100的光通过,而将偏振方向平行于线栅100的光反射,从而将入射光转换为线偏光。
其中,第一线栅单元120和第二线栅单元121的线栅周期分别为20nm~500nm;第一线栅单元120和第二线栅单元121的占空比分别为0.1~0.9,线栅周期表示的是每个线栅单元中两个相邻的线栅100的几何中心之间的距离,占空比表示的是每个线栅单元中线栅100的宽度与线栅周期的比值,线栅100的厚度为10~500nm。三个第一线栅单元120和第二线栅单元121的线栅周期和占空比可以相等也可以不相等。线栅100为条状,其沿与介质层11及线栅100垂直的方向上的截面的形状为方形、梯形或三角形。
通过改变每个线栅单元的线栅周期及占空比可以调节每个线栅单元对不同波长的光线的透光率。
参照图3,本实施例还提供了一种显示屏,其包括背光模组2以及依次设置于背光模组2上的下基板、液晶层4以及上基板,上基板包括色阻层5以及位于色阻层5上的上偏光片6,下基板包括TFT阵列3以及偏光片1,偏光片1位于TFT阵列3与背光模组2之间,其中,线栅层12位于介质层11与背光模组2之间。上偏光片6的偏振方向与偏光片1的偏振方向垂直。其中,背光模组2为侧入式背光模组结构或者直下式背光模组结构。
具体的,色阻层5包括多个间隔设置的像素,多个间隔设置的像素构成显示屏的显示区域,每个像素对应一个线栅结构12a,每个线栅结构12a中任意两个相邻的线栅单元之间的距离相等。其中,每个像素由间隔设置的R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元和W子像素单元组成,每个子像素单元对应一个线栅单元,其中,R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元分别对应一个第一线栅单元120,W子像素单元对应一个第二线栅单元121。R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元分别填充有不同颜色的色阻材料,用于分别显示红、绿、蓝三种颜色,W子像素单元填充有OC材料,OC材料具有高穿透率特性,用于透过背光模组2发出的白光,其中,R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元和W子像素单元的排列方式可以根据实际需要进行设定,本实施例图3中只是通过示例给出并不用于进行限定。
色阻层5还包括非像素单元,非像素单元构成显示屏的非显示区域,非像素单元上设置有黑矩阵51,黑矩阵51设置于R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元以及W子像素单元之间,用于布设数据线以及扫描线(图未示),通过黑矩阵51还可以改善R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元和W子像素单元边缘的漏光现象。优选的,黑矩阵51的宽度和与其对应的非透光区12b的宽度相等即黑矩阵51在偏光片1上的投影位于两个相邻的线栅单元之间。除此之外,上基板还包括位于色阻层5与液晶层4之间的OC平坦化层7以及位于色阻层5与上偏光片6之间的基底8。
通过改变R子像素、G子像素、B子像素以及W子像素单元对应的第一线栅单元120及第二线栅单元121的线栅周期和占空比以保证W子像素单元的白点色坐标与R子像素单元、G子像素单元以及B子像素单元合成的白点色坐标的一致性,从而改善RGBW显示屏的白点漂移的现象。
实施例2
参照图4,本实施例与实施1的不同之处在于,偏光片1位于TFT阵列3与液晶层4之间,线栅层12位于介质层11与TFT阵列3之间。本实施例中的上偏光片6也可以为上述的偏光片1,通过改变R子像素、G子像素、B子像素以及W子像素单元对应的第一线栅单元120及第二线栅单元121的线栅周期和占空比同样可以使得W子像素单元的白点色坐标与R子像素单元、G子像素单元以及B子像素单元合成的白点色坐标保持一致,从而改善RGBW显示屏的白点漂移的现象。
以上所述仅是本申请的具体实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种偏光片,其特征在于,包括介质层以及设置于所述介质层上的线栅结构阵列,所述线栅结构阵列包括多个线栅结构,每个线栅结构包括三个第一线栅单元和一个第二线栅单元,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元分别包括多个间隔设置的线栅,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元用于将入射光转换为线偏振光。
2.根据权利要求1所述的偏光片,其特征在于,所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元的线栅周期分别为20nm~500nm;所述第一线栅单元和所述第二线栅单元的占空比分别为0.1~0.9。
3.根据权利要求1所述的偏光片,其特征在于,所述线栅沿与所述介质层及所述线栅垂直的方向上的截面的形状为方形、梯形或三角形。
4.根据权利要求1所述的偏光片,其特征在于,所述线栅的材质为铝、银或金。
5.一种显示屏,包括背光模组以及依次设置于所述背光模组上的下基板、液晶层以及上基板,所述上基板包括色阻层以及位于所述色阻层上的上偏光片,其特征在于,所述下基板包括TFT阵列以及如权利要求1~4任一项所述的偏光片,所述偏光片设置于所述TFT阵列上,所述线栅阵列位于所述介质层与所述背光模组之间,所述色阻层包括多个像素,每一像素包括R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元和W子像素单元,所述R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元分别对应一个第一线栅单元,所述W子像素单元对应第二线栅单元。
6.根据权利要求5所述的显示屏,其特征在于,每个线栅结构中任意两个相邻的线栅单元之间的距离相等。
7.根据权利要求5所述的显示屏,其特征在于,所述色阻层还包括非像素单元,所述非像素单元上设置有位于所述R子像素单元、G子像素单元、B子像素单元以及W子像素单元之间的黑矩阵。
8.根据权利要求7所述的显示屏,其特征在于,所述黑矩阵在所述偏光片上的投影位于两个相邻的线栅单元之间。
9.根据权利要求5所述的显示屏,其特征在于,所述上基板还包括位于所述色阻层与所述液晶层之间的OC平坦化层以及位于所述色阻层与所述上偏光片之间的基底。
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