CN106107061B - A kind of preparation method of green watermifoil ensilage - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of green watermifoil ensilage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106107061B CN106107061B CN201610568220.3A CN201610568220A CN106107061B CN 106107061 B CN106107061 B CN 106107061B CN 201610568220 A CN201610568220 A CN 201610568220A CN 106107061 B CN106107061 B CN 106107061B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of green watermifoil ensilage, and step is: A, green watermifoil harvesting；B, green watermifoil dehydration: dehydration is to water content between 50%-60%；C, material mixes: mixing accounts for the corn flour of ensilage total weight 10%-20%, the lactic acid bacteria solution containing lactobacillus plantarum and S. cervisiae of 1.5%-3.0% and dewatered green watermifoil；D, pack sealing: ensilage is encapsulated using efficient respiratory membrane solid-state fermentation bag, it is ensured that anaerobic, the yeasting without living contaminants.The technology of the present invention, which is used, prepares ensilage as primary raw material with the green watermifoil for efficiently administering nitrogen and phosphorus pollution water body ability, not only improves the gastrointestinal function of animal, maintains intestinal flora balance, is finally reached and improves livestock and poultry animal function of immune system；The resource circulation utilization of nitrogen phosphorus in Agro-ecological System is further promoted, while greatly having pushed the popularization of green watermifoil ecology pollution treatment technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to livestock and poultry cultivation field of feed processing, are more particularly to a kind of preparation of green watermifoil ensilage
Method is suitable for southern area of China, and this area's warm weather can allow green watermifoil most of the time normal growth in 1 year,
Meanwhile high nitrogen phosphorus water can promote green watermifoil to mushroom out, and guarantee the supply of ensiling raw material.
Background technique
Animal husbandry has become the mainstay industry for ensureing national life quality and promoting increasing peasant income.It is intensive with cultivating
Change development, feed industry plays a crucial role the development of animal husbandry.But the shortage problem of feedstuff always affects
The development of animal husbandry becomes a major challenge that China's animal husbandry faces.Furthermore in China agricultural main producing region, the chemical fertilizer of planting industry
Investment is high, and large-scale cultivation industry becomes basically universal but lacks effective solution method to its sewage discharge.
Planting industry and aquaculture are main pollution sources in agricultural pollution source, and wherein planting industry is to whole water pollutant total nitrogens
Contribution rate is 33.8%, is 25.7% to the contribution rate of total phosphorus, aquaculture is to the contribution of total nitrogen up to the 21.7%, tribute to total phosphorus
It offers up to 37.9%, to the contribution of COD and is then up to 41.9%.The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a series of
Green watermifoil ecology pollution treatment measure (patent No.: 201210393851.8,201310314544.0,201310312559.3),
Significant effect.Green watermifoil has the characteristics that nutritive value is high simultaneously, and crude protein content is much higher than corn up to 22.5%
(9.4%), the feedstuffs such as rice bran (12.8%), wheat (13.4%), and amino acid forms more balanced, mineral types
More and content is high, and vitamin rich in and essential fatty acid and a variety of enzymes and unknown growth factor.Therefore green fox
Tail algae is prepared as ensilage, and the resource recycling for not only realizing nitrogen phosphorus utilizes, and can alleviate feed to a certain extent
The problem of shortage, additionally aids the popularization of green watermifoil ecology pollution treatment technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of green watermifoil ensilage, and this method is by a certain percentage
Green watermifoil, corn flour, lactobacillus plantarum and S. cervisiae after mixed dehydration are sealed in efficient respiratory membrane solid-state fermentation bag
In, it is ensured that the anaerobic in packaging bag and the environment without living contaminants not only ensure that the activity of microorganism, also ensure simultaneously
Ensilage can long-term storage and transportation.Preparation method is simple, easy to operate, at low cost, can be used for the poultry such as rear cattle, sheep, chicken, duck and goose
Fowl animal, the ensilage of preparation can substitute the conventional feed of 20%-60%.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention uses following technical measures:
A, it green watermifoil harvesting: is salvaged using artificial or harvesting machine green in green watermifoil ecological wetland or ecological canal
Watermifoil is rinsed or is placed on clear water after impregnating 1 hour in clean (no nitrogen and phosphorus pollution) water body, is ready for dehydrating operations, keep away
Exempt from direct sunlight.
B, chopping, dehydration: bud green watermifoil water content is not easy long-term preservation between 80%-85%, and is unsatisfactory for ensiling
The Reproduction Conditions of lactic acid bacteria in feed.Therefore green watermifoil is shredded to length 1-5cm, is then squeezed using spiral dryer
Green watermifoil makes its dehydration to water content 50%-60%；
C, material mixes: in order to be rapidly achieved the anaerobic environment in ensilage, fresh green watermifoil is saved, in ensiling
The high raw material of carbohydrate containing, such as corn flour and wheat bran and supplemented with exogenous lactic acid bacteria are added in feed.When according to storage
Between, the high material content of carbohydrate containing needed for calculating.Addition accounts for ensilage total weight 10%- in dehydration 2h-3h
20% corn flour and the lactic acid bacteria solution containing lactobacillus plantarum and S. cervisiae of 1.5%-3.0%, in fodder mixing machine
Middle stirring to green watermifoil, corn flour and lactic acid bacteria solution is sufficiently mixed to obtain mixture.
D, pack sealing: mixture is packed into efficient respiratory membrane solid-state fermentation bag and (creates the good limited public affairs of packaging material in Wenzhou
Department), it excludes air and seals sack, ferment 8d-15d.
Viable bacteria concentration >=1 × 10 of lactobacillus plantarum in the lactic acid bacteria solution8Cfu/mL, S. cervisiae solution are living
Bacteria concentration >=0.2 × 108cfu/mL。
The present invention has the following advantages that and effect compared with existing feed:
1, feed primary raw material source is wide, at low cost: green watermifoil south can grow throughout the year substantially, biomass it is big, receive
Obtain index height, late March to late December can every 30-40 days harvesting 1 time, every time can harvesting obtain a 100 ton/hectare left side of fresh grass
The right side guarantees ensiling raw material supply.
2, promote the nitrogen phosphor resource in livestock and poultry cultivation and agricultural non-point source pollution to recycle: green watermifoil is as ecological management
Crucial water plant in technology, absorbs the nitrogen phosphorus being largely enriched with during the growth process, which promotes nitrogen on this basis
Phosphor resource recycles, and becomes the necessary links in green watermifoil ecology pollution treatment technical system, and facilitate the technical system
It is widely popularized；
3, improve the store method of green watermifoil feed: new bud green watermifoil water content is high, and plant surface layer has hard
Cuticula, it is not easy to be dehydrated, therefore green watermifoil is easy to rot after leaving water body, the present invention makes green in use mechanical measure
It is prepared into ensilage after watermifoil dehydration, green watermifoil can be saved to the full extent.Only need to disposably it salvage
Meet the needs of long-term, saves cost and labour.
4, the feed intake of animal can be improved: ensilage prepared by the present invention has natural ferment perfume and sour-sweet taste, livestock and poultry
Animal is easily fond of；
5, nutriment is provided, promote body growth: the lactobacillus plantarum that the present invention adds can play in animal body
Metabolic activity provides a variety of amino acid and microorganism, and the acidic metabolite generated makes intestinal environment slant acidity, reinforces enteron aisle
Wriggling maintain intestinal flora balance so as to improve the gastrointestinal function of animal, be finally reached and improve livestock and poultry animal immune system
Function；
6, improve animal products quality, reducing ammonia emission improves breeding environment: one aspect of the present invention can increase enteron aisle
Movable function improves the utilization rate of albumen and mineral element, and then reduces the nitrogen in excrement, phosphorus discharge, and can significantly improve meat
Color and flavor increase shell thickness, improve yolk coloring.
7, the feed storage time is long: it is fermented during the fermentation using efficient respiratory membrane solid-state fermentation bag, the gas of generation
It is discharged up to by respiratory membrane, but extraneous air not can enter in packaging bag always.The fermentation process ensures in packaging bag
Anaerobic and environment without living contaminants, not only ensure that the activity of microorganism, while also ensuring that ensilage can store 1 year
Left and right.
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Fragrant grass Agro-ecology Co., Ltd, Hunan Province prepares green watermifoil ensiling and raises in the cultivation base of Changsha County
Material, comprising the following steps:
A, green watermifoil raises harvesting: green watermifoil ecological wetland is distributed in the periphery of farm, therefore is salvaged using artificial
Or the mechanical mode salvaged will directly carry out dehydration after the salvaging of green watermifoil, without transit link, so that green watermifoil
Obtain to the full extent fresh-keeping, water content can directly do dehydration after 85% or so, cleaning；
B, chopping, dehydration: the green watermifoil length of harvesting is crushed between 5cm first between 0.4m-1.2m
Broken section, the single-screw extrusion dehydration machinery reused in farm will be in broken section of green watermifoil by adjusting its pressure retaining valve repeatedly
Partial moisture squeezes out, and is maintained at its water content between 50%-60%, pours into fodder mixing machine in 2h, is ready for feed
Mixing；
C, feed mixes: farm stores green watermifoil ensilage in or so half a year, therefore various material in ensilage
The mixed weight ratio of object are as follows: green watermifoil (80%), corn flour (18.5%) and lactic acid bacteria solution are dehydrated in step B
(1.5%), 3-5min is stirred in fodder mixing machine, prepares bag sealing.
D, feed fermentation: farm uses foot-operated heat-sealing after feed pack using the fermentation bag of primary dress 40kg immediately
Bag secret envelope, fermentation time 8d check the sealing situation of fermentation sack repeatedly during the fermentation, and by observation fermentation bag
The color of feed judges the process of fermentation.
E, it feeds: after the completion of green watermifoil ensilage fermentation, calculating daily feeding volume.The ensiling not used
Feed reseals at once, avoids the contact excessive with air.When feeding in farm, ensilage and conventional feed are (beautiful
Rice flour, wheat bran and dregs of beans) mixing ratio between 20%-45%, mainly according to livestock and poultry growth phase and growing state
Depending on.
Embodiment 2:
Fragrant grass Agro-ecology Co., Ltd, Hunan Province prepares green watermifoil ensiling and raises in the cultivation base of Changsha County
Material, comprising the following steps:
A, green watermifoil raises harvesting: green watermifoil ecological wetland is distributed in the periphery of farm, therefore is salvaged using artificial
Or the mechanical mode salvaged will directly carry out dehydration after the salvaging of green watermifoil, without transit link, so that green watermifoil
Obtain to the full extent fresh-keeping, for water content 85% or so, dehydration is directly done in cleaning later；
B, chopping, dehydration: the green watermifoil length of harvesting is crushed between 1cm first between 0.4m-1.2m
Broken section, the single-screw extrusion dehydration machinery reused in farm will be in broken section of green watermifoil by adjusting its pressure retaining valve repeatedly
Partial moisture squeezes out, and is maintained at its water content between 50%-60%, pours into fodder mixing machine in 2h, is ready for feed
Mixing；
C, feed mixes: farm stores green watermifoil ensilage in or so half a year, therefore various material in ensilage
The mixed weight ratio of object are as follows: green watermifoil (87%), corn flour (10%) and lactic acid bacteria solution (3.0%) are dehydrated, in feed
3-5min is stirred in blender, prepares bag sealing.
D, feed fermentation: farm uses foot-operated heat-sealing after feed pack using the fermentation bag of primary dress 40kg immediately
Bag secret envelope, fermentation time 15d check the sealing situation of fermentation sack repeatedly during the fermentation, and pass through observation fermentation bag
The color of middle feed judges the process of fermentation.
E, it feeds: after the completion of green watermifoil ensilage fermentation, calculating daily feeding volume.The ensiling not used
Feed reseals at once, avoids the contact excessive with air.When feeding in farm, ensilage and conventional feed are (beautiful
Rice flour, wheat bran and dregs of beans) mixing ratio between 20%-35%, mainly according to livestock and poultry growth phase and growing state
Depending on.
Culture experiment result:
In the cultivation base of Changsha County raise Linwu duck 500, on-test in middle duck period (28 age in days), wherein at random
Selection 250 only in case 1 ensilage raising (green watermifoil ensilage 45%, corn flour 10%, wheat bran 25%,
Dregs of beans 10%, fish meal 10%), 250 raise only with conventional feed (corn flour 40%, wheat bran 35%, dregs of beans 15%, fish meal 10%)
It supports, other rearing conditions are consistent, comprising: day feeds water 6 times, every 4 hours 1 time；Add gravel 1-2kg in every hundred kg diet again；
To prevent and treat dfuck cholera, middle 35 age in days of duck front and back is focused in feed by duck group admix suitable olaquindox daily, even feeds 3-5
It；Every 10 days with lime disinfection 1 time outside duck shed.Two groups of Experimental Comparison results are as follows:
A, improve palatability, improve digestibility: ensilage group daily material consumption 0.272-0.36kg, consume conventional feed group day
Doses 0.267-0.356kg, daily material consumption improve 1.87-2.14% than control；Ensilage group daily gain 0.225-
0.456kg, conventional feed group daily material consumption 0.220-0.439kg, daily gain improve 2.5-3.8% than control；Ensilage group
Survival 225, conventional feed group are survived 218, and survival rate improves 3.2%.
B, it reduces greenhouse gas concentration: greenhouse gases principle being monitored using static chamber, is selected respectively in two trial zones
1m at three2Square area by putting sampling box pedestal, pedestal acquisition gas, sample frequency are covered using the sampling box of high 0.6m
Once a week, to measure gas using infrared photo acoustic spectrometer and ultraviolet fluorescence method.Ensilage group ammonia, hydrogen sulfide mean concentration
For 13.5 and 9.2mg/m3, conventional feed group ammonia, hydrogen sulfide mean concentration are 17.3 and 13.4mg/m3, illustrate using green fox-brush
The raising of algae ensilage can reduce the harmful gas concentrations such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide 30-40%.
C, intestinal flora balance is maintained, immunity is enhanced: suffering from the duck of enteritis, diarrhea and diarrhea in ensilage group
There are 12,30 and 25 respectively, and common feed components do not have 30,76 and 73, illustrate to raise using green watermifoil ensilage
The enteron aisles various diseases such as enteritis, diarrhea and diarrhea 65-87% can be effectively reduced.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of green watermifoil ensilage, the steps include:
A, the green fox-brush in green watermifoil ecological wetland or ecological canal green watermifoil harvesting: is salvaged using artificial or harvesting machine
Algae is rinsed or is placed on clear water after impregnating 1 hour in clean water body, is ready for dehydrating operations, avoid direct sunlight；
B, chopping, dehydration: green watermifoil is shredded to length 1-5 cm, then green watermifoil is squeezed with spiral dryer, makes
It is 50%-60% that it, which is dehydrated to water content,；
C, material mixes: addition accounts for the corn flour and 1.5%- of ensilage total weight 10%-20% in 2-3 h after dewatering
The 3.0% lactic acid bacteria solution containing lactobacillus plantarum and S. cervisiae stirs in fodder mixing machine to green watermifoil, corn
Powder and lactic acid bacteria solution are sufficiently mixed to obtain mixture；
D, pack sealing: mixture is fitted into efficient respiratory membrane solid-state fermentation bag, is excluded air and is sealed sack, and ferment 8 d-15
d；
Viable bacteria concentration >=1 × 10 of lactobacillus plantarum in the lactic acid bacteria solution8Cfu/mL, S. cervisiae solution viable bacteria are dense
Degree >=0.2 × 108 cfu/mL。
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| CN107348199A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-17 | 湖南城市学院 | A kind of green watermifoil pig feed and preparation method and application |
| CN107307213A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-03 | 江门市环粤环保科技有限公司 | A kind of green watermifoil feed and preparation method and application |
| CN107455553A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-12 | 凤台县顺民养殖有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the pig's feed for improving Huaihe River pig meat quality |
| CN107927353B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2021-03-23 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Lactobacillus inoculant suitable for ensiling of myriophyllum viridis as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110963577A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Continuous development management method for aquaculture sewage treatment tank |
| CN111670998A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-09-18 | 宁夏大学 | Composite microbial inoculum suitable for silage corns in Ningxia region, preparation method and application |
| CN114128787B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-07-08 | 北京联合大学 | Nostoc commune functional feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN115399406A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-29 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所大理综合实验站(大理市原种场) | Mixed silage method of rape and watermifoil for feed |
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Application publication date: 20161116 Assignee: GUANGDONG ZIYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Co.,Ltd. Assignor: INSTITUTE OF SUBTROPICAL AGRICULTURE, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2020440000079 Denomination of invention: Preparation method of myriophyllum elatinoides silage feed Granted publication date: 20191115 License type: Common License Record date: 20200519 |