CN106106073A - A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate - Google Patents
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106106073A CN106106073A CN201610457678.1A CN201610457678A CN106106073A CN 106106073 A CN106106073 A CN 106106073A CN 201610457678 A CN201610457678 A CN 201610457678A CN 106106073 A CN106106073 A CN 106106073A
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- breeding
- auricularia fungus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Abstract
The present invention relates to Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica matrix technology field, specifically disclose a kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprise the following steps: get the raw materials ready, build heap, composting, after become thoroughly decomposed, preparation, the present invention utilizes the Auricularia fungus base of wide material sources to be processed, and according to Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae seedling growth, quantity required and the demand rule of nutrient are added corresponding fertilizer, make the various performances of substrate closer to peat, thus replace peat for Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica, and disclosure satisfy that the growth of Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae nursery stock, both the crisis that current peat is day by day exhausted had been alleviated, solve again the environmental pollution that discarded Auricularia fungus base causes, avoid the waste to organic waste resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica matrix technology field, be specifically related to a kind of utilization and discard Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing water song
The method of willow seedling medium.
Background technology
Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae is the commerical tree species that China is important, and being that the original Korean pine and broad-leaved mixed forests in Changbai Mountain is mainly mixed hands over deciduous species
One of.In the Northeast of China, large-area Manchurian Ash Plantation will be built every year.Therefore, the demand to Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae nursery stock
Amount strengthens the most year by year.
The seedling raising manners of Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae was mainly land for growing field crops and cultivated bare-root seeding, owing to there is survival rate with exposed root and shoot forestation in the past
Low, after afforestation, seedling-slowing stage is long, poor growth, the after-culture shortcoming such as costly.Therefore, China starts to produce Light media appearance in recent years
Device Seedling, the substrate of use is mainly the natural resources that peat, forest humus etc. are non-renewable, and these resources are extremely limited,
Adding up according to authoritative department, China's relevant industries year demand substrate total amount is about at about 10,000,000 m3, and market demand is very big, and also
In cumulative year after year, but peat has been on the verge of exhaustion, so the most in succession formulating relevant method both at home and abroad as a kind of non-renewable resources
Laws & Regulations limits the excessive development and utilization of mud and charcoal.In recent years, China's Edible Fungi Industry Development is rapid, and annual generation is substantial amounts of
Discarded bacterium base, causes great pressure to ecological environment.Only one, Auricularia, as a example by Jilin Province, annual discarded edible fungi
Base is more than more than 2,000,000,000 bags.These discarded bacterium bases are often arbitrarily thrown aside or are only carried out simple backfill and processed, and this is virtually
Cause the significant wastage of resource, be unfavorable for the Sustainable Healthy Development of China's agriculture and forestry.Therefore, the Auricularia of wide material sources is utilized
A kind of special seedling medium of Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae developed by bacterium base, is a task the most urgent.
The patent of invention of application number 201510041429.X, it is proposed that it is light that one utilizes Auricularia obsolete fungus stick to cultivate Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae
The method of bag containing soilless substrate Seedling, the method is the Auricularia obsolete fungus stick after sterilizing being cooled down and larch humus and Vermiculitum are mixed to get
, although the method decreases the consumption of humus, but do not substitute humus completely, it addition, not to Auricularia dead meal
Carrying out process of becoming thoroughly decomposed, nutritional labeling is difficult to be absorbed by Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae；The patent of invention of application number 200810181391.6, proposes one
Seedling medium with mushroom slag as raw material and manufacture method, this substrate includes mushroom slag, Vermiculitum, perlite, fermentation assistant, wherein ferments
Auxiliary agent is for promoting the mixture of rotten microbial inoculum and wheat bran by weight 1: 10.Its manufacture method is: first will promote rotten microbial inoculum and mix with wheat bran
Make fermentation assistant, be then proportionally added in the mushroom slag after pulverizing being sufficiently mixed, control the bar that water content is 55%～60%
Aerobic fermentation under part, mixs homogeneously by above-mentioned volume ratio with Vermiculitum, perlite after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, with citric acid solution regulation PH extremely
Neutral., the most clearly by concrete consumption and method, the method phase simultaneously of citric acid solution regulation PH to neutrality in the method
Meet different seedling early growth demand with matrix formulations, easily cause nutrient waste or disappearance；Application number 200410097202.9
Patent of invention propose a kind of organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato and compound method thereof, artificial growth cross Pleurotus ostreatus
After the broken fermentation of bar-shaped compost, with a kind of organic composite substratd of commodity peat 4: 1 compositions by volume.The method uses
Being commodity peat, cost is high；And sweat is the most extensive；The patent of invention of application number 200510037983.7, it is proposed that one
Kind of organic culture substrate and manufacture method thereof, main use the rice chaff crossed through processing, become thoroughly decomposed after mushroom slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, organic
Fertile (chicken manure), trace element (calcium superphosphate, potassium oxide) 36-40:19-23:18-22:18-22:1-2 by weight percentage is abundant
Mixing, sterilization are organic culture substrate finished product.Although the method has saved the consumption of peat, but does not substitutes peat completely,
And the consumption of every kind of trace element is indefinite, it is difficult to operation, and substrate lacks specificity；Sending out of application number 201010524428.8
Bright patent, it is proposed that vegetable nursery soilless substrate that a kind of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． slag is compounding and preparation method thereof, the method is according to becoming thoroughly decomposed
Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． slag volume ratio is of the total volume more than 40%, Vermiculitum volume ratio account for less than 30% and coconut palm bran volume ratio account for
The share of less than 30% makes substrate unit weight at 0.5g/m than mixing3The vegetable nursery soilless substrate of left and right.The method does not has
The method of becoming thoroughly decomposed of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． slag is described, it addition, matrix formulations does not has specificity.Therefore, from economy, resource, environment sustainable development
From the point of view of, the agricultural organic waste a kind of application feature of exploitation utilizing wide material sources is suitable with peat, reproducible replaces
Seem the most urgent and necessary for substrate.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, thus
Avoid discarded Auricularia fungus base pollution on the environment, and the tradition seedling mediums such as peat can be replaced.
For realizing object above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by its with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain according to 90-110:37-45:
The quality of 1, than mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, holding water content is 60%-65%, builds up trapezoidal rickle,
Interpolation thermometer in heap, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue send out
Ferment, the most every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 55 DEG C-70 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, keeps 5d-7d, regulates during each turning
Moisture content, fermentation time controls at 50d-60d；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning
2-3 time, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 65-75:27-
32:0.2-1:0.1-0.3 be sufficiently mixed, sterilization, place nursery after 7d.
Preferably, described step 1) in discarded Auricularia fungus base, poultry manure, the mass ratio of enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain be 100:40:
1。
Preferably, described step 3) in adjusting water content keep windrow humidity control at 45-at 55%-65%, heap temperature
65℃。
Preferably, described step 5) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, the mass ratio of Cosan be
70:30:0.5:0.2.
Preferably, the described release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90 days, in described release and release control fertilizer the content of N, P2O5, K2O be 18%,
8%, 17%.
The method have the benefit that the present invention utilizes the Auricularia fungus base of wide material sources, improve its fertilizer efficiency quality by compost, and
For the nitrogen needed for Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica, phosphorus, Potassium Fertilizer and the nursery stock absorption rate to nutrient, add fertilizer and make each of substrate
Kind of performance is closer to peat, thus replaces peat for Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica, and disclosure satisfy that the growth of Cortex Fraxini mandshuricae nursery stock, both alleviates
The crisis that current peat is day by day exhausted, solves again the environmental pollution that discarded Auricularia fungus base causes, it is to avoid to organic waste resource
Waste.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
The every other embodiment obtained under creative work premise, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by it with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain is according to the matter of 100:40:1
Amount ratio mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, keep water content be 60%, build up trapezoidal rickle, in heap
Interpolation thermometer, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue send out
Ferment, the most every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 60 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, keeps 5d-7d, and fermentation time controls at 50d-
60d, regulates moisture and makes windrow humidity 60% during each turning, heap temperature should control at 55 DEG C；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning
2-3 time, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 70:30:
0.5:0.2 is sufficiently mixed, sterilization, places nursery after 7d, and wherein, the release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90d, N in release and release control fertilizer, P2O5,
The content of K2O is 18%, 8%, 17%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by it with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain is according to the matter of 100:45:1
Amount ratio mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, keep water content be 60%, build up trapezoidal rickle, in heap
Interpolation thermometer, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue send out
Ferment, the most every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 55 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, keeps 5d-7d, and fermentation time controls at 50d-
60d, regulates moisture and makes windrow humidity 55% during each turning, heap temperature should control at 65 DEG C；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning
2-3 time, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 65:27:
0.4:0.1 is sufficiently mixed, sterilization, places nursery after 7d, and wherein, the release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90d, N in release and release control fertilizer, P2O5,
The content of K2O is 18%, 8%, 17%.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by it with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain is according to the quality of 90:37:1
Ratio mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, keep water content be 65%, build up trapezoidal rickle, in heap
Interpolation thermometer, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue send out
Ferment, the most every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 60 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, keeps 5d-7d, and fermentation time controls at 50d-
60d, regulates moisture and makes windrow humidity 65% during each turning, heap temperature should control at 45 DEG C；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning
2-3 time, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 75:32:1:
0.3 is sufficiently mixed, sterilization, places nursery after 7d, and wherein, the release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90d, N, P2O5, K2O in release and release control fertilizer
Content is 18%, 8%, 17%.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by it with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain is according to the matter of 110:45:1
Amount ratio mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, keep water content be 62%, build up trapezoidal rickle, in heap
Interpolation thermometer, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue send out
Ferment, the most every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 70 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, keeps 5d-7d, and fermentation time controls at 50d-
60d, regulates moisture and makes windrow humidity 65% during each turning, heap temperature should control at 50 DEG C；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning
2-3 time, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 65:30:
0.5:0.2 is sufficiently mixed, sterilization, places nursery after 7d, and wherein, the release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90d, N in release and release control fertilizer, P2O5,
The content of K2O is 18%, 8%, 17%.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by it with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain is according to the quality of 95:40:1
Ratio mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, keep water content be 60%, build up trapezoidal rickle, in heap
Interpolation thermometer, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue send out
Ferment, the most every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 65 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, keeps 5d-7d, and fermentation time controls at 50d-
60d, regulates moisture and makes windrow humidity 65% during each turning, heap temperature should control at 55 DEG C；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning
2-3 time, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 70:28:
0.6:0.1 is sufficiently mixed, sterilization, places nursery after 7d, and wherein, the release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90d, N in release and release control fertilizer, P2O5,
The content of K2O is 18%, 8%, 17%.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by it with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain is according to the matter of 105:40:1
Amount ratio mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, keep water content be 65%, build up trapezoidal rickle, in heap
Interpolation thermometer, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue send out
Ferment, the most every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 55 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, keeps 5d-7d, and fermentation time controls at 50d-
60d, regulates moisture and makes windrow humidity 55% during each turning, heap temperature should control at 60 DEG C；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning
2-3 time, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 75:30:
0.5:0.2 is sufficiently mixed, sterilization, places nursery after 7d, and wherein, the release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90d, N in release and release control fertilizer, P2O5,
The content of K2O is 18%, 8%, 17%.
Above example only in order to technical scheme to be described, is not intended to limit；Although with reference to previous embodiment
The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that: it still can be to aforementioned each enforcement
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent；And these amendment or
Replace, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (5)
1. the method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: take discarded Auricularia fungus base, pulverize, by its with poultry manure, enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain according to 90-110:37-45:1's
Quality, than mix homogeneously, obtains compound；
2) build heap: by step 1) in compound water irrigate, holding water content is 60%-65%, builds up trapezoidal rickle, in heap
Interpolation thermometer, heap surface covers straw screen or mat；
3) composting: when in heap, temperature carries out turning first when rising to 45 DEG C, turn over up and down be mixed even after build straw screen or mat continue fermentation, with
Rear every 3d turns over 1 time, and when in heap, temperature rises to 55 DEG C-70 DEG C, 1d turns over 1 time, holding 5d-7d, adjusting water content during each turning,
Fermentation time controls at 50d-60d；
4) become thoroughly decomposed after: become thoroughly decomposed after the composting product composting again completing hot fermentation is carried out, every 7d turning once, turning 2-3
Secondary, must become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures；
5) preparation: by step 4) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, Cosan according to 65-75:27-32:
0.2-1:0.1-0.3 is sufficiently mixed, sterilization, places nursery after 7d.
2. the method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step 1) in discarded Auricularia fungus base, poultry manure, the mass ratio of enzymatic microorganism bacterial strain be 100:40:1.
3. the method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step 3) in adjusting water content keep windrow humidity at 55%-65%, heap temperature controls at 45-65 DEG C.
4. the method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State step 5) in become thoroughly decomposed Auricularia fungus based mixtures, Vermiculitum, release and release control fertilizer, the mass ratio of Cosan be 70:30:0.5:0.2.
5. the method utilizing discarded Auricularia fungus matrix manufacturing Breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica substrate as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the release and release control fertilizer controlled release phase is 90 days, and in described release and release control fertilizer, the content of N, P2O5, K2O is 18%, 8%, 17%.
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Application publication date: 20161116 |
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