CN106105979A - A kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree - Google Patents
A kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105979A CN106105979A CN201610505094.7A CN201610505094A CN106105979A CN 106105979 A CN106105979 A CN 106105979A CN 201610505094 A CN201610505094 A CN 201610505094A CN 106105979 A CN106105979 A CN 106105979A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree, concrete comprises the following steps: preparation flower and fruit thinning agent, spray flower and fruit thinning agent, auxiliary shedding, artificial mend dredge, strengthening fertilising.The present invention uses flower and fruit thinning agent that apple tree sprays the overall fruit thinning realizing tree body, faster than artificial fruit thinning speed, it is possible to effectively to reduce the use of manpower and materials；Use human assistance shedding and artificial mend the mode dredged, being not only able to further ensure that coming off of weak fruit, reducing the waste that tree is recuperated point, and it is uniform to enable to Fructus Mali pumilae growing way, being prevented effectively from the appearance of excessive fruitlet；Fertilizer is used to carry out fortification tree body after fruit thinning, it is possible to the growth for fruit provides the nutritional labeling enriched, and promotes the growth of fruit, strengthens the antibacterial resistance against diseases of tree body, thus is effectively improved the quality of fruit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees technical field, a kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree.
Background technology
Containing abundant zinc element in Fructus Mali pumilae, zinc element is the synthetic ingredient of multiple important enzyme in human body, immune with improving
Power, produce antibody and have a substantial connection, but also be to constitute nucleic acid and protein is musted obligato element, nucleic acid and protein
Supplement and can be effectively improved memory；Containing substantial amounts of phosphorus and ferrum element in Fructus Mali pumilae, easily absorbed by intestinal wall, and the perfume (or spice) of Fructus Mali pumilae
Gas is the good medicine that treatment is depressed, it is possible to helps to eliminate uneasy depressive emotion, plays the effect that cerebral tonic tranquillizing nourishes blood；Potassium in Fructus Mali pumilae
Sodium salt superfluous in element and human body combines so that it is gets rid of external, is conducive to balancing cylinder electrolyte；Containing many confections in Fructus Mali pumilae
The nutritional labelings such as acid, flavonoid, vitamin C, vitamin E, it is possible to fat unnecessary in helping decomposer, it is to avoid health is excessively sent out
Fat, alleviate heart burden, make application on human skin become fine and smooth, moist, contribute to delaying senile plaque to occur；Fruit acid in Fructus Mali pumilae and Wei Sheng
Element can active adsorption cholesterol, be allowed to, along with feces discharges human body, can effectively lower cholesterol, reduce arteriosclerosis, painstaking effort
The pathogenetic risk of pipe disease；Digestive system is wriggled and is played stimulation by fine cellulose and vitamin C in Fructus Mali pumilae, can promote in intestinal
The carcinogen accumulated quickly excretes, and inhibits the formation of Carcinogenic Nitrosamines simultaneously, promotes antibody tormation, and cell swallows
Function strengthens, and improves anti-cancer ability.
In the growth course of apple tree, apple tree yield and quality is had a huge impact by flower and fruit thinning, if flower
Really miscarriage, causes fruit drop rate low, and whole strain or some position fruit are less, inferior quality, because fruit price crosses poor benefit fall
Low, and cause the weak underproduction of Second Year tree vigo(u)r；Therefore, invent and a kind of can be effectively improved dredging of Fructus Mali pumilae fruit drop rate and apple quality
Flower fruit thinning method is current problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, it is desirable to provide a kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree, it is possible to it is effectively improved Fructus Mali pumilae
Yield and quality.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree, concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation flower and fruit thinning agent
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: sevin 0.37 ~ 0.39 part, naphthalene acetic acid 0.43 ~ 0.45
Part, 0.31 ~ 0.33 part of metrifonate, wheat genetypes 0.52 ~ 0.54 part, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 0.71 ~ 0.73 part, potassium nitrate
0.64 ~ 0.66 part, ethanol 180 ~ 200 parts, 1000 ~ 1200 parts of water；
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is prepared according to the following steps: hydrology fire is heated to 88 ~ 90 DEG C, keeps constant temperature, adds phosphorus
Acid diammonium and agitator 800 ~ 820s that potassium nitrate rotating speed is 570 ~ 590r/min, room temperature natural cooling, add ethanol with turning
Speed is the agitator 220 ~ 240s of 390 ~ 410r/min, add wheat genetypes and naphthalene acetic acid continue stirring 860 ~
880s, stands 45 ~ 50min, and slow fire is heated to 57 ~ 59 DEG C, keeps constant temperature, add sevin and metrifonate rotating speed be 630 ~
Agitator 890 ~ the 910s of 650r/min, room temperature natural cooling, obtain flower and fruit thinning agent；
(2) flower and fruit thinning agent is sprayed
Apple tree contain spend after 8 ~ 10 days, start to spray flower and fruit thinning agent, spray once every 55 ~ 60h, spray continuously twice,
Spraying front 3 ~ 4h every time, apple tree all sprays water and processes, it is 500 ~ 700ml that every apple tree sprays the water yield；
(3) auxiliary shedding
After spraying second time flower and fruit thinning agent 9 ~ 11 days, manually apple tree trunk is carried out vibration and rock, to not completely falling off
Flowers and fruits carry out auxiliary and come off；
(4) artificial benefit is dredged
After auxiliary shedding 6 ~ 8 days, every apple tree use first dredge upper after dredge lower and in first dredging after dredge outer mode, first dredge and prevent or cure a disease
Wormed fruit, malformed fruit, fruitlet, extract disease pest leaf simultaneously, and on the most same branch, fruit spacing 11 ~ 13cm carries out fruit thinning, to retain
Fruit carries out bagging process；
(5) strengthening fertilising
Dredging rear 16 ~ 18h artificial benefit, apple tree is executed soil fertility quality, every apple tree rate of fertilizer is 2.5 ~ 3kg,
After fertilising, every apple tree is poured water 1300 ~ 1500ml；
Described fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: bean cake 55 ~ 60 parts, bone meal 21 ~ 23 parts, cattle manure 130 ~ 135 parts,
45 ~ 50 parts of rabbit excrement, triazolone 0.65 ~ 0.70 part, polyoxyethylene sorbitol 0.40 ~ 0.45 part, 55 ~ 60 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate
40 ~ 45 parts, potassium carbonate 35 ~ 40 parts, mushroom waste mushroom stick 22 ~ 24 parts, Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick 18 ~ 20 parts.
As inventing further scheme: the preparation method of the fertilizer described in step (5), concrete comprises the following steps:
A, bean cake is placed in steamer that temperature is 220 ~ 230 DEG C in steam 810 ~ 830s, reduce temperature to 140 ~ 150 DEG C steam 670 ~
690s, be exposed to the sun in the sun to water content be 6.2 ~ 6.4%, put into rotating speed be 6700 ~ 6800r/min pulverizer pulverize 760 ~
780s, crosses 170 ~ 180 mesh sieves, obtains bean cake powder；Bean cake powder is put into together with bone meal the frying pan slow fire parch that temperature is 79 ~ 81 DEG C
380 ~ 400s, reduces temperature to 55 ~ 57 DEG C of slow fire parch 530 ~ 550s, room temperature natural cooling, addition bone meal weight 1.2 ~ 1.4 times
Amount, temperature are the water of 33 ~ 35 DEG C, with agitator stirring 600 ~ 620s that rotating speed is 480 ~ 500r/min, cover plastic sheeting,
Temperature be 39 ~ 41 DEG C under conditions of sealed fermenting 230 ~ 240h, period, every 48h turning once must become thoroughly decomposed bean cake bone meal, standby
With；
B, cattle manure and rabbit excrement are placed in steamer that temperature is 250 ~ 260 DEG C in steam 740 ~ 760s, reduce temperature to 160 ~ 170 DEG C of steamings
460 ~ 480s, is placed in the drying baker that temperature is 43 ~ 45 DEG C and dries to without moisture, and putting into rotating speed is the pulverizing of 6500 ~ 6600r/min
800 ~ 820s pulverized by machine, crosses 170 ~ 180 mesh sieves, obtains excrement powder；Mushroom waste mushroom stick and Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick are put into rotating speed be 6800 ~
720 ~ 740s pulverized by the pulverizer of 6900r/min, crosses 170 ~ 180 mesh sieves, obtains waste mushroom stick powder；By excrement powder, waste mushroom stick powder and excrement powder
Weight 0.6 ~ 0.8 times amount, temperature be 32 ~ 34 DEG C water put into rotating speed be 450 ~ 470r/min mixing and blending machine stirring 710 ~
730s, covers plastic sheeting, and sealed fermenting 270 ~ 280h under conditions of temperature is 44 ~ 46 DEG C, period is every 60h turning one
Secondary, must become thoroughly decomposed bacterium rod excrement powder, standby；
C, by carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium carbonate input temperature be 210 ~ 220 DEG C furnace heats fusing 450 ~ 470s, add urine
The water of element weight 2.4 ~ 2.6 times amount stirs, and it is 36 ~ 38 DEG C that room temperature naturally cools to temperature, adds triazolone and polyoxy second
Alkene sorbitol rotating speed is the agitator stirring 800 ~ 820s of 620 ~ 640r/min, obtains solution, standby；
D, the bean cake bone meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed bacterium rod excrement powder and solution are put into the mixing and blending machine that rotating speed is 430 ~ 450r/min and stir
Mix 930 ~ 950s, cover plastic sheeting, sealed fermenting 150 ~ 160h under conditions of temperature is 36 ~ 38 DEG C, obtain fertilizer fermented product,
Putting into Squeezinggranulator pelletize, particle diameter is 1.6 ~ 1.8mm, and hot air drying 7 ~ 9h obtains fertiliser granulates；
E, packed, label, 23 ~ 25kGy radiation sterilization 40 ~ 42min, obtain finished product.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the flower and fruit thinning method of a kind of apple tree that the present invention provides, uses flower and fruit thinning agent
Apple tree is sprayed the overall fruit thinning realizing tree body, faster than artificial fruit thinning speed, it is possible to effectively to reduce making of manpower and materials
With；Use human assistance shedding and artificial mend the mode dredged, being not only able to further ensure that coming off of weak fruit, reducing tree and recuperate point
Waste, and it is uniform to enable to Fructus Mali pumilae growing way, is prevented effectively from the excessive appearance crossing fruitlet；After fruit thinning, tree body is used fertilizer
Carry out fortification, it is possible to the growth for fruit provides the nutritional labeling enriched, and promotes the growth of fruit, strengthen the antibacterial of tree body
Resistance against diseases, thus it is effectively improved the quality of fruit.
The flower and fruit thinning agent prescription proportioning that the present invention uses is scientific and reasonable, and between each raw material, mutual compatibility, has been not only able to
Imitate removes weak fruit, retains the fruit that ability of bearing fruit is strong, and the late growing stage of tree body and fruit will not be produced harmful effect,
Thus it is effectively improved the yield and quality of Fructus Mali pumilae；Adding sevin and metrifonate, effective ingredient interacts, and is not only able to pass through
Tree body enters dimension beam tube, the nutrient of interference young fruit and the transport of hormone, blocks the transport of nutrient substance, makes weak fruit because lacking growth
Required nutrient substance and come off, and can effectively kill the heart-eating worm of tree body, reduce pesticide residues；Add the double hydrogen jasmine of propyl group
Jasmine keto ester and naphthalene acetic acid, effective ingredient interacts, it is possible to makes the of short duration shortage of carbohydrate in fruit spur, makes more weak
Young fruit for want of carbohydrate and slow down growth, until coming off, it is possible to effectively strengthen fruit thinning effect；Add Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and nitre
Acid potassium, it is possible to provide n p k nutrition element for Growth status so that the fruit retained can preferably grow, and is effectively improved
The quality of fruit.
The present invention use fertilizer, add bean cake steaming and decocting be exposed to the sun pulverizing after parch together with bone meal, then mix airtight
Ferment so that it is effectively nutritional labeling can fully discharge, provides the nutritional labelings such as abundant aminoacid, phosphorus and calcium for fruit tree growth,
Promote the g and D of fruit；Add cattle manure and rabbit excrement steaming and decocting dry pulverize after with pulverize after mushroom waste mushroom stick and Lentinus Edodes give up
Bacterium rod mixing sealed fermenting, is not only able to promote the quick composting of each raw material, effectively kills the noxious bacteria contained in each raw material
And harmful levels of pathogens, and between each raw material, mixing ratio science is appropriate, it is possible to be effectively improved soil aggregate, improves soil fertile
Power, has the effect of sterilization and disinfestation, drought-relief, it is possible to be prevented effectively from the subterranean pest-insect infringement to tree body；Add carbamide, cross phosphorus
Mix with triazolone and polyoxyethylene sorbitol after acid calcium and the cooling of potassium carbonate high temperature melting, be not only able to provide into Growth status
Abundant nutritional labeling, promotes fruit fast-growth, and can effectively prevent from setting growing of body pathogenic bacteria, especially rot tree body
Sick prevention effect is notable, thus is effectively improved the yield of fruit, improves the quality of fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
With specific embodiment, the present invention is described below, but is not limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree, concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation flower and fruit thinning agent
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: sevin 0.37 part, naphthalene acetic acid 0.43 part, metrifonate
0.31 part, wheat genetypes 0.52 part, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 0.71 part, potassium nitrate 0.64 part, ethanol 180 parts, water 1000
Part；
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is prepared according to the following steps: hydrology fire is heated to 88 DEG C, keeps constant temperature, adds phosphoric acid
Diammonium and the agitator 800s that potassium nitrate rotating speed is 570r/min, room temperature natural cooling, adding ethanol rotating speed is 390r/
The agitator 220s of min, adds wheat genetypes and naphthalene acetic acid continues stirring 860s, stands 45min, and slow fire heats
To 57 DEG C, holding constant temperature, addition sevin and the agitator 890s that metrifonate rotating speed is 630r/min, room temperature natural cooling,
Obtain flower and fruit thinning agent；
(2) flower and fruit thinning agent is sprayed
Apple tree contain spend after 8 days, start to spray flower and fruit thinning agent, spray once every 55h, spray continuously twice, spray every time
Executing front 3h, apple tree all sprays water and processes, it is 500ml that every apple tree sprays the water yield；
(3) auxiliary shedding
After spraying second time flower and fruit thinning agent 9 days, manually apple tree trunk is carried out vibration and rock, to the flower not completely fallen off
Fruit carries out auxiliary and comes off；
(4) artificial benefit is dredged
After auxiliary shedding 6 days, every apple tree use first dredge upper after dredge lower and in first dredging after dredge outer mode, first dredge and go disease pest
Really, malformed fruit, fruitlet, simultaneously extract disease pest leaf, on the most same branch fruit spacing 11cm carry out fruit thinning, the fruit retained is entered
Row bagging processes；
(5) strengthening fertilising
Dredging rear 16h artificial benefit, apple tree is executed soil fertility quality, every apple tree rate of fertilizer is 2.5kg, fertilising
Every apple tree is poured water 1300ml afterwards；
Described fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: bean cake 55 parts, bone meal 21 parts, cattle manure 130 parts, 45 parts of rabbit excrement, three
Oxazolone 0.65 part, polyoxyethylene sorbitol 0.40 part, 55 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 40 parts, potassium carbonate 35 parts, mushroom waste mushroom stick 22
Part, Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick 18 parts.
As inventing further scheme: the preparation method of the fertilizer described in step (5), concrete comprises the following steps:
A, bean cake is placed in the steamer that temperature is 220 DEG C and steams 810s, reduce temperature and steam 670s to 140 DEG C, be exposed to the sun in the sun
It is 6.2% to water content, puts into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6700r/min and pulverize 760s, cross 170 mesh sieves, obtain bean cake powder；By bean cake
Powder puts into the frying pan slow fire parch 380s that temperature is 79 DEG C together with bone meal, reduces temperature to 55 DEG C of slow fire parch 530s, room temperature
Natural cooling, addition bone meal weight 1.2 times amount, temperature are the water of 33 DEG C, stir 600s with the agitator that rotating speed is 480r/min,
Covering plastic sheeting, sealed fermenting 230h under conditions of temperature is 39 DEG C, period, every 48h turning once must become thoroughly decomposed bean cake
Bone meal, standby；
B, cattle manure and rabbit excrement are placed in the steamer that temperature is 250 DEG C and steam 740s, reduce temperature and steam 460s to 160 DEG C, be placed in temperature
Degree is that the drying baker of 43 DEG C is dried to without moisture, puts into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6500r/min and pulverizes 800, crosses 170 mesh sieves,
Excrement powder；Mushroom waste mushroom stick and Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick are put into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6800r/min and pulverizes 720s, cross 170 mesh sieves,
Waste mushroom stick powder；It is 450r/min's by excrement powder, waste mushroom stick powder and the water input rotating speed that excrement grain weight amount 0.6 times amount, temperature are 32 DEG C
Mixing and blending machine stirring 710s, covers plastic sheeting, and sealed fermenting 270h under conditions of temperature is 44 DEG C, period is every 60h
Once, must become thoroughly decomposed bacterium rod excrement powder, standby in turning；
C, by carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium carbonate input temperature be 210 DEG C furnace heats fusing 450s, add weight of urea
The water of 2.4 times amount stirs, and it is 36 DEG C that room temperature naturally cools to temperature, adds triazolone and polyoxyethylene sorbitol rotating speed
Agitator for 620r/min stirs 800s, obtains solution, standby；
D, the bean cake bone meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed bacterium rod excrement powder and solution are put into the mixing and blending machine stirring that rotating speed is 430r/min
930s, covers plastic sheeting, sealed fermenting 150h under conditions of temperature is 36 DEG C, obtains fertilizer fermented product, puts into extruder grain
Machine pelletize, particle diameter is 1.6mm, and hot air drying 7h obtains fertiliser granulates；
E, packed, label, 23kGy radiation sterilization 40min, obtain finished product.
Embodiment 2
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree, concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation flower and fruit thinning agent
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: sevin 0.38 part, naphthalene acetic acid 0.44 part, metrifonate
0.32 part, wheat genetypes 0.53 part, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 0.72 part, potassium nitrate 0.65 part, ethanol 190 parts, water 1100
Part；
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is prepared according to the following steps: hydrology fire is heated to 89 DEG C, keeps constant temperature, adds phosphoric acid
Diammonium and the agitator 810s that potassium nitrate rotating speed is 580r/min, room temperature natural cooling, adding ethanol rotating speed is 400r/
The agitator 230s of min, adds wheat genetypes and naphthalene acetic acid continues stirring 870s, stands 48min, and slow fire heats
To 58 DEG C, holding constant temperature, addition sevin and the agitator 900s that metrifonate rotating speed is 640r/min, room temperature natural cooling,
Obtain flower and fruit thinning agent；
(2) flower and fruit thinning agent is sprayed
Apple tree contain spend after 9 days, start to spray flower and fruit thinning agent, spray once every 58h, spray continuously twice, spray every time
Executing front 3.5h, apple tree all sprays water and processes, it is 600ml that every apple tree sprays the water yield；
(3) auxiliary shedding
After spraying second time flower and fruit thinning agent 10 days, manually apple tree trunk is carried out vibration and rock, to do not completely fall off
Flowers and fruits carry out auxiliary and come off；
(4) artificial benefit is dredged
After auxiliary shedding 7 days, every apple tree use first dredge upper after dredge lower and in first dredging after dredge outer mode, first dredge and go disease pest
Really, malformed fruit, fruitlet, simultaneously extract disease pest leaf, on the most same branch fruit spacing 12cm carry out fruit thinning, the fruit retained is entered
Row bagging processes；
(5) strengthening fertilising
Dredging rear 17h artificial benefit, apple tree is executed soil fertility quality, every apple tree rate of fertilizer is 2.8kg, after fertilising
Every apple tree is poured water 1400ml；
Described fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: bean cake 58 parts, bone meal 22 parts, cattle manure 133 parts, 48 parts of rabbit excrement, three
Oxazolone 0.68 part, polyoxyethylene sorbitol 0.43 part, 58 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 43 parts, potassium carbonate 38 parts, mushroom waste mushroom stick 23
Part, Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick 19 parts.
As inventing further scheme: the preparation method phase of the preparation method of the present embodiment fertilizer and embodiment 1 fertilizer
With.
Embodiment 3
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree, concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation flower and fruit thinning agent
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: sevin 0.39 part, naphthalene acetic acid 0.45 part, metrifonate
0.33 part, wheat genetypes 0.54 part, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 0.73 part, potassium nitrate 0.66 part, ethanol 200 parts, water 1200
Part；
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is prepared according to the following steps: hydrology fire is heated to 90 DEG C, keeps constant temperature, adds phosphoric acid
Diammonium and the agitator 820s that potassium nitrate rotating speed is 590r/min, room temperature natural cooling, adding ethanol rotating speed is 410r/
The agitator 240s of min, adds wheat genetypes and naphthalene acetic acid continues stirring 880s, stands 50min, and slow fire heats
To 59 DEG C, holding constant temperature, addition sevin and the agitator 910s that metrifonate rotating speed is 650r/min, room temperature natural cooling,
Obtain flower and fruit thinning agent；
(2) flower and fruit thinning agent is sprayed
Apple tree contain spend after 10 days, start to spray flower and fruit thinning agent, spray once every 60h, spray continuously twice, spray every time
Executing front 4h, apple tree all sprays water and processes, it is 700ml that every apple tree sprays the water yield；
(3) auxiliary shedding
After spraying second time flower and fruit thinning agent 11 days, manually apple tree trunk is carried out vibration and rock, to do not completely fall off
Flowers and fruits carry out auxiliary and come off；
(4) artificial benefit is dredged
After auxiliary shedding 8 days, every apple tree use first dredge upper after dredge lower and in first dredging after dredge outer mode, first dredge and go disease pest
Really, malformed fruit, fruitlet, simultaneously extract disease pest leaf, on the most same branch fruit spacing 13cm carry out fruit thinning, the fruit retained is entered
Row bagging processes；
(5) strengthening fertilising
Dredging rear 18h artificial benefit, apple tree is executed soil fertility quality, every apple tree rate of fertilizer is 3kg, every after fertilising
Apple tree is poured water 1500ml；
Described fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: bean cake 60 parts, bone meal 23 parts, cattle manure 135 parts, 50 parts of rabbit excrement, three
Oxazolone 0.70 part, polyoxyethylene sorbitol 0.45 part, 60 parts of carbamide, peroxophosphoric acid Ca45 part, potassium carbonate 40 parts, mushroom waste mushroom stick 24
Part, Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick 20 parts.
As inventing further scheme: the preparation method phase of the preparation method of the present embodiment fertilizer and embodiment 1 fertilizer
With.
Use the present embodiment flower and fruit thinning method and comparative example common flower and fruit thinning method, 40 Fuji apples to experimental plot
Apple tree is tested, and other conditions are the most identical, is equally divided into 4 groups, often group 10, adds up its fruit drop rate and yield:
Table 1 embodiment and the experimental result of comparative example
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Averagely every fruit drop rate (%) | 38.6 | 39.4 | 40.2 | 8.6 |
| Averagely every yield (kg) | 212.4 | 216.5 | 219.1 | 178.6 |
As shown in Table 1, the present embodiment flower and fruit thinning method is used to carry out apple tree flower and fruit thinning, it is possible to be effectively improved fruit drop rate,
It is effectively improved apple production, thus improves the economic benefit at plantation family.
Claims (2)
1. the flower and fruit thinning method of an apple tree, it is characterised in that concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation flower and fruit thinning agent
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: sevin 0.37 ~ 0.39 part, naphthalene acetic acid 0.43 ~ 0.45
Part, 0.31 ~ 0.33 part of metrifonate, wheat genetypes 0.52 ~ 0.54 part, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 0.71 ~ 0.73 part, potassium nitrate
0.64 ~ 0.66 part, ethanol 180 ~ 200 parts, 1000 ~ 1200 parts of water；
Described flower and fruit thinning agent, is prepared according to the following steps: hydrology fire is heated to 88 ~ 90 DEG C, keeps constant temperature, adds phosphorus
Acid diammonium and agitator 800 ~ 820s that potassium nitrate rotating speed is 570 ~ 590r/min, room temperature natural cooling, add ethanol with turning
Speed is the agitator 220 ~ 240s of 390 ~ 410r/min, add wheat genetypes and naphthalene acetic acid continue stirring 860 ~
880s, stands 45 ~ 50min, and slow fire is heated to 57 ~ 59 DEG C, keeps constant temperature, add sevin and metrifonate rotating speed be 630 ~
Agitator 890 ~ the 910s of 650r/min, room temperature natural cooling, obtain flower and fruit thinning agent；
(2) flower and fruit thinning agent is sprayed
Apple tree contain spend after 8 ~ 10 days, start to spray flower and fruit thinning agent, spray once every 55 ~ 60h, spray continuously twice,
Spraying front 3 ~ 4h every time, apple tree all sprays water and processes, it is 500 ~ 700ml that every apple tree sprays the water yield；
(3) auxiliary shedding
After spraying second time flower and fruit thinning agent 9 ~ 11 days, manually apple tree trunk is carried out vibration and rock, to not completely falling off
Flowers and fruits carry out auxiliary and come off；
(4) artificial benefit is dredged
After auxiliary shedding 6 ~ 8 days, every apple tree use first dredge upper after dredge lower and in first dredging after dredge outer mode, first dredge and prevent or cure a disease
Wormed fruit, malformed fruit, fruitlet, extract disease pest leaf simultaneously, and on the most same branch, fruit spacing 11 ~ 13cm carries out fruit thinning, to retain
Fruit carries out bagging process；
(5) strengthening fertilising
Dredging rear 16 ~ 18h artificial benefit, apple tree is executed soil fertility quality, every apple tree rate of fertilizer is 2.5 ~ 3kg,
After fertilising, every apple tree is poured water 1300 ~ 1500ml；
Described fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: bean cake 55 ~ 60 parts, bone meal 21 ~ 23 parts, cattle manure 130 ~ 135 parts,
45 ~ 50 parts of rabbit excrement, triazolone 0.65 ~ 0.70 part, polyoxyethylene sorbitol 0.40 ~ 0.45 part, 55 ~ 60 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate
40 ~ 45 parts, potassium carbonate 35 ~ 40 parts, mushroom waste mushroom stick 22 ~ 24 parts, Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick 18 ~ 20 parts.
The flower and fruit thinning method of apple tree the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer described in step (5)
Preparation method, concrete comprises the following steps:
A, bean cake is placed in steamer that temperature is 220 ~ 230 DEG C in steam 810 ~ 830s, reduce temperature to 140 ~ 150 DEG C steam 670 ~
690s, be exposed to the sun in the sun to water content be 6.2 ~ 6.4%, put into rotating speed be 6700 ~ 6800r/min pulverizer pulverize 760 ~
780s, crosses 170 ~ 180 mesh sieves, obtains bean cake powder；Bean cake powder is put into together with bone meal the frying pan slow fire parch that temperature is 79 ~ 81 DEG C
380 ~ 400s, reduces temperature to 55 ~ 57 DEG C of slow fire parch 530 ~ 550s, room temperature natural cooling, addition bone meal weight 1.2 ~ 1.4 times
Amount, temperature are the water of 33 ~ 35 DEG C, with agitator stirring 600 ~ 620s that rotating speed is 480 ~ 500r/min, cover plastic sheeting,
Temperature be 39 ~ 41 DEG C under conditions of sealed fermenting 230 ~ 240h, period, every 48h turning once must become thoroughly decomposed bean cake bone meal, standby
With；
B, cattle manure and rabbit excrement are placed in steamer that temperature is 250 ~ 260 DEG C in steam 740 ~ 760s, reduce temperature to 160 ~ 170 DEG C of steamings
460 ~ 480s, is placed in the drying baker that temperature is 43 ~ 45 DEG C and dries to without moisture, and putting into rotating speed is the pulverizing of 6500 ~ 6600r/min
800 ~ 820s pulverized by machine, crosses 170 ~ 180 mesh sieves, obtains excrement powder；Mushroom waste mushroom stick and Lentinus Edodes waste mushroom stick are put into rotating speed be 6800 ~
720 ~ 740s pulverized by the pulverizer of 6900r/min, crosses 170 ~ 180 mesh sieves, obtains waste mushroom stick powder；By excrement powder, waste mushroom stick powder and excrement powder
Weight 0.6 ~ 0.8 times amount, temperature be 32 ~ 34 DEG C water put into rotating speed be 450 ~ 470r/min mixing and blending machine stirring 710 ~
730s, covers plastic sheeting, and sealed fermenting 270 ~ 280h under conditions of temperature is 44 ~ 46 DEG C, period is every 60h turning one
Secondary, must become thoroughly decomposed bacterium rod excrement powder, standby；
C, by carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium carbonate input temperature be 210 ~ 220 DEG C furnace heats fusing 450 ~ 470s, add urine
The water of element weight 2.4 ~ 2.6 times amount stirs, and it is 36 ~ 38 DEG C that room temperature naturally cools to temperature, adds triazolone and polyoxy second
Alkene sorbitol rotating speed is the agitator stirring 800 ~ 820s of 620 ~ 640r/min, obtains solution, standby；
D, the bean cake bone meal that will become thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed bacterium rod excrement powder and solution put into the mixing and blending machine stirring that rotating speed is 430 ~ 450r/min
930 ~ 950s, covers plastic sheeting, sealed fermenting 150 ~ 160h under conditions of temperature is 36 ~ 38 DEG C, obtains fertilizer fermented product, throws
Entering Squeezinggranulator pelletize, particle diameter is 1.6 ~ 1.8mm, and hot air drying 7 ~ 9h obtains fertiliser granulates；
E, packed, label, 23 ~ 25kGy radiation sterilization 40 ~ 42min, obtain finished product.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106962122A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-21 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of loquat removes the breeding method of method and loquat |
| CN107232007A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-10 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of fruit thinning method of pear tree |
| CN108738822A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-11-06 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of apple tree chemistry flower and fruit thinning method |
| CN109197311A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-15 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | A kind of method of apple tree flower and fruit thinning |
| CN109704856A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-03 | 陕西汉唐环保农业有限公司 | Dedicated Water soluble fertilizer of a kind of apple with flower thinning effect and preparation method thereof |
| CN110612026A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2019-12-24 | 真阳社 | Method for preparing composition for picking flowers of fruit trees by using natural hormone and method for using composition prepared by same |
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| EP2774484A1 (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-10 | Basf Se | Method for fruit thinning at late growth stages of fruit plants |
| CN103524192A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-22 | 天津市鸿通果品种植专业合作社 | Formula and preparing method of base fertilizer and leaf fertilizer for increasing apple production |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110612026A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2019-12-24 | 真阳社 | Method for preparing composition for picking flowers of fruit trees by using natural hormone and method for using composition prepared by same |
| CN106962122A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-21 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of loquat removes the breeding method of method and loquat |
| CN107232007A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-10 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of fruit thinning method of pear tree |
| CN108738822A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-11-06 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of apple tree chemistry flower and fruit thinning method |
| CN109197311A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-15 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | A kind of method of apple tree flower and fruit thinning |
| CN109704856A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-03 | 陕西汉唐环保农业有限公司 | Dedicated Water soluble fertilizer of a kind of apple with flower thinning effect and preparation method thereof |
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