CN106086556A - 一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承 - Google Patents

一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承 Download PDF

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CN106086556A
CN106086556A CN201610428853.4A CN201610428853A CN106086556A CN 106086556 A CN106086556 A CN 106086556A CN 201610428853 A CN201610428853 A CN 201610428853A CN 106086556 A CN106086556 A CN 106086556A
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张荣斌
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Nantong Boyang Precision Machinery Parts Co ltd
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C21/12Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02Compacting only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
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    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B22F5/106Tube or ring forms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/16Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
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    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
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    • F16C33/121Use of special materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F16C33/145Special methods of manufacture; Running-in of sintered porous bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02Compacting only
    • B22F2003/023Lubricant mixed with the metal powder
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C2204/20Alloys based on aluminium
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C2220/00Shaping
    • F16C2220/20Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为6.5‑8.5%,Si为0.6‑0.9%,Mg为1.3‑1.7%,Cr为1.4‑1.7%,Sn为1.1‑1.5%,Nb为0.2‑0.9%,Bi为1.8‑2.3%,Co为1.2‑1.8%,Er为0.15‑0.25%,Zr为0.06‑0.12%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。在保证铝基含油轴承低噪音功能下,通过添加合金元素的方式,从组成结构上改善铝基含油轴承,从而大幅提高了力学性能和摩擦性能,解决了轴承表面温度分布不均匀而导致的磨损不均匀问题,提高了耐磨性,使铝基含油轴承的表面摩擦系数维持在较低值。

Description

一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及轴承制造领域,特别涉及一种低噪音耐磨粉末冶金含油轴承。
背景技术
粉末冶金含油轴承广泛应用于汽车、机械、化工、电子等领域,随着我国汽车工业持续快速的发展,不仅对粉末冶金含油轴承的需求量越来越大,而且度性能要求也越来越高。现代使用的含油轴承主要以铜基、铜铁基、铁基以及少量的铝基含油轴承为主,由于铜基、铜铁基、铁基烧结含油轴承已发展较成熟,其发展空间相对较小,性能和工艺上的改进相对较小,而铝基烧结含油轴承材料由于密度小,低噪音、耐磨、价格便宜,耐腐蚀性好等优点,人们对这类材料的兴趣正日益增长,鉴于已开发的铝基烧结含油轴承材料的运转性能较高,其可能是烧结锡青铜含油轴承的替代品,其发展潜力被业内人士普遍看好,是粉末冶金含油轴承的一大发展方向。
在现有已开发的铝基烧结含油轴承材料中,使用人员对其性能还不是很满意,即现有的铝基烧结含油轴承在使用过程中,会出现磨损不均匀,摩擦性能不稳定的现象,同时,其本身硬度相对较低,塑性较大,抗压和抗拉强度也不尽人意,这些缺点都限制了铝基烧结含油轴承的适用场合,缩短了使用周期,因此制约了铝基烧结含油轴承的发展。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于:针对上述存在的问题,提供一种铝基低噪音耐磨含油轴承,在保证铝基含油轴承低噪音功能下,通过添加合金元素的方式,从组成结构上改善铝基含油轴承,从而大幅提高其力学性能和摩擦性能,解决了轴承表面温度分布不均匀而导致的磨损不均匀问题,提高耐磨性,使铝基含油轴承的表面摩擦系数维持在较低值。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为6.5-8.5%,Si为0.6-0.9%,Mg为1.3-1.7%,Cr为1.4-1.7%,Sn为1.1-1.5%,Nb为0.2-0.9%,Bi为1.8-2.3%,Co为1.2-1.8%,Er为0.15-0.25%,Zr为0.06-0.12%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
上述组分中,Cu、Si、Mg和Cr为铝基含油轴承中常用合金元素,其中,Cu对铝基含油轴承的性能有着重要影响,根据文献资料表明,当铝基中的Cu含量小于7.5%时,含油轴承的含油率和压溃强度随Cu含量的增加而增大,磨损量随Cu含量的增加而减小,当铝基中的Cu含量超过7.5%时,含油率与压溃强度随Cu含量的增加而减小,磨损量和硬度则增大,在本发明中,综合各合金元素的影响,通过大量试验探究得到,Cu的含量在6.5-8.5%时,Cu能发挥出最大作用,含油轴承能获得较好的各项性能;当Si含量小于1%时,压溃强度随Si含量的增加而增大,当Si含量超过1%时,压溃强度随Si含量的增加而减小,通过大量试验探究得到,Si的含量在0.6-0.9%时,Si能发挥出最大作用;同理,通过大量试验探究得到,Mg的含量在1.3-1.7%和Cr的含量在1.4-1.7%时,各组分能最大限度地发挥出其作用。
在本发明中,创造性的向含油轴承中加入了Nb、Co、Bi、Er和Zr合金元素,通过试验得到,Nb加入铝基金属后,对铝基金属的力学性能影响较大,当Nb添加量为0.2%时,得到的成品的抗拉强度达到137.77MPa,当Nb添加量为0.9%时,得到的成品的抗拉强度达到151.33MPa,增强效果明显,其原因可能是在烧结过程中产生了瞬时液相,夺去粉末颗粒表面的氧并净化粉体颗粒界面,提高粉体的烧结活性,进而提高了成品的强度;Co作为增强轴承硬度的增强元素的互补元素,使硬度增大后的轴承的不至于脆性过大,提高轴承的韧性;Bi对含油轴承的摩擦性能产生影响,由于Bi的熔点为270℃,在摩擦过程中容易融化而渗出,形成Bi润滑膜,对摩擦表面起到自润滑作用,降低了轴承的摩擦系数,改善了摩擦性能的稳定性,使合金的磨损量及摩擦表面的温度降低,解决了轴承表面磨损不均匀的问题,同时,在烧结过程中,首先熔化的铋粉以液态的形式在粉体内流动并溶解部分固相的元素发生重结晶,增大了颗粒间的联结度;单独添加Er时,铝基金属的显微组织细化效果较好,增大了铝基金属的力学性能,单独添加Zr时,同Er作用相同,铝基金属的显微组织细化效果较好,增大了铝基金属的力学性能,当按一定比例同时添加Er和Zr时,能使铝基金属中,过饱和固溶体中强化相析出充分(如Bi粉的熔化),强化相细小弥散分布,强烈钉扎位错,稳定亚结构,阻碍晶粒的长大,提高了铝基金属轴承的抗拉强度和硬度,使轴承的硬度达到维氏硬度56。
进一步,作为优选,低噪音耐磨含油轴承的各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为7.9%,Si为0.8%,Mg为1.5%,Cr为1.6%,Sn为1.3%,Nb为0.9%,Bi为2.05%,Co为1.7%,Er为0.21%,Zr为0.09%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
本发明的低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法包括以下制备步骤:
步骤一、原材料准备,分别按重量取6.5-8.5%的铜粉,0.6-0.9%的硅粉,1.3-1.7%的镁粉,1.4-1.7%的铬粉,1.1-1.5%的锡粉,0.2-0.9%的铌粉,1.8-2.3%的铋粉,1.2-1.8%的钴粉,0.15-0.25%的铒粉和0.06-0.12%的锆粉,余量为铝粉,将上述个组分置于高速混合机中混合均匀,得到初级混料;
步骤二、向初级混料中加入占初级混料重量百分比1.0%的润滑剂和重量百分比1.0%的石墨,然后在高速混合机中混合均匀,得到混合料;
步骤三、设计压制模具,将混合料倒入已设计好的模具内,然后安装上冲模,使冲模的上表面保持水平,安装完成后,将模具放入粉末压片机中进行压制成型,得到压坯;
步骤四、将得到的混合料放入在烘干炉内,在氩气的保护下进行150℃保温烘干2-3h;
步骤五、向高温烧结炉中充满氩气,将烘干后的压坯放入高温烧结炉中进行烧结,先升高温度为280-310℃,升温速率为100℃/h,烧结1h,再升温至570-610℃,升温速率为150℃/h,烧结2h,烧结完成后,降低温度为300℃,保温3-4h,最后随炉冷却至室温,得到半成品;
步骤六、将得到的半成品进行打磨和精整,在去离子水中进行超声清洗,干燥;
步骤七、将步骤六中能得到的半成品置于真空浸油机内进行浸油处理,得到成品。
进一步,步骤一中,铝粉为粒径为80-100μm的雾化铝粉,铜粉、硅粉、镁粉、铬粉、锡粉、铌粉、铋粉、钴粉、铒粉和锆粉的粒径均为60-75μm。铝粉的颗粒的粒径需要严格控制,铝粉颗粒太粗或太细都会使得到的铝基含油轴承的强度不理想,同理,合金元素颗粒的大小也需要严格控制。
进一步,步骤二中,润滑剂为镍包二硫化钼,二硫化钼具有良好的摩擦磨损特性,石墨为鳞片状石墨,粒经为48-60μm,石墨的加入是为了提高轴承的抗咬合性,增加其耐磨性,同时,鳞片状石墨还能和润滑油形成胶体,具有良好的润滑性能。
进一步,步骤三中,压制压力为130MPa,保压时间为30s,以使得到致密的压坯。
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:通过添加合金元素的方式,从组成结构上改善铝基含油轴承,从而大幅提高其力学性能和摩擦性能,使铝基含油轴承的硬度增大,可达到维氏硬度58,铝基含油轴承的抗拉强度明显提高,可达到151.33MPa,在使用过程中,除通过空隙内的润滑油进行自润滑外,在摩擦过程中,通过Bi元素的自润滑作用,解决了轴承表面温度分布不均匀而导致的磨损不均匀问题,使铝基含油轴承的表面摩擦系数维持在较低值。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例一
一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为8.3%,Si为0.7%,Mg为1.6%,Cr为1.5%,Sn为1.2%,Nb为0.7%,Bi为1.9%,Co为1.4%,Er为0.18%,Zr为0.06%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
上述低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一、原材料准备,分别按重量取8.3%的铜粉,0.7%的硅粉,1.6%的镁粉,1.5%的铬粉,1.2%的锡粉,0.7%的铌粉,1.9%的铋粉,1.4%的钴粉,0.18%的铒粉和0.06%的锆粉,余量为铝粉,将上述个组分置于高速混合机中混合均匀,搅拌速度为得到初级混料;其中,粉为粒径为80-100μm的雾化铝粉,铜粉、硅粉、镁粉、铬粉、锡粉、铌粉、铋粉、钴粉、铒粉和锆粉的粒径均为60-75μm。
步骤二、向初级混料中加入占初级混料重量百分比1.0%的润滑剂和重量百分比1.0%的石墨,然后在高速混合机中混合均匀,得到混合料;其中,润滑剂为镍包二硫化钼,石墨为鳞片状石墨,粒经为48-60μm;
步骤三、设计压制模具,将混合料倒入已设计好的模具内,然后安装上冲模,使冲模的上表面保持水平,安装完成后,将模具放入粉末压片机中进行压制成型,得到压坯;其中,压制压力为130MPa,保压时间为30s;
步骤四、将得到的混合料放入在烘干炉内,在氩气的保护下进行150℃保温烘干3h;
步骤五、向高温烧结炉中充满氩气,将烘干后的压坯放入高温烧结炉中进行烧结,先升高温度为300℃,升温速率为100℃/h,烧结1h,再升温至600℃,升温速率为150℃/h,烧结2h,烧结完成后,降低温度为300℃,保温3h,最后随炉冷却至室温,得到半成品;
步骤六、将得到的半成品进行打磨和精整,在去离子水中进行超声清洗,干燥;
步骤七、将步骤六中能得到的半成品置于真空浸油机内进行浸油处理,得到成品。
实施例二
一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为7.9%,Si为0.8%,Mg为1.5%,Cr为1.6%,Sn为1.3%,Nb为0.9%,Bi为2.05%,Co为1.7%,Er为0.21%,Zr为0.09%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
上述低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一、原材料准备,分别按重量取7.9%的铜粉,0.8%的硅粉,1.5%的镁粉,1.6%的铬粉,1.3%的锡粉,0.9%的铌粉,2.05%的铋粉,1.7%的钴粉,0.21%的铒粉和0.09%的锆粉,余量为铝粉,将上述个组分置于高速混合机中混合均匀,搅拌速度为得到初级混料;其中,粉为粒径为80-100μm的雾化铝粉,铜粉、硅粉、镁粉、铬粉、锡粉、铌粉、铋粉、钴粉、铒粉和锆粉的粒径均为60-75μm。
步骤二、向初级混料中加入占初级混料重量百分比1.0%的润滑剂和重量百分比1.0%的石墨,然后在高速混合机中混合均匀,得到混合料;其中,润滑剂为镍包二硫化钼,石墨为鳞片状石墨,粒经为48-60μm;
步骤三、设计压制模具,将混合料倒入已设计好的模具内,然后安装上冲模,使冲模的上表面保持水平,安装完成后,将模具放入粉末压片机中进行压制成型,得到压坯;其中,压制压力为130MPa,保压时间为30s;
步骤四、将得到的混合料放入在烘干炉内,在氩气的保护下进行150℃保温烘干2h;
步骤五、向高温烧结炉中充满氩气,将烘干后的压坯放入高温烧结炉中进行烧结,先升高温度为300℃,升温速率为100℃/h,烧结1h,再升温至605℃,升温速率为150℃/h,烧结2h,烧结完成后,降低温度为300℃,保温3h,最后随炉冷却至室温,得到半成品;
步骤六、将得到的半成品进行打磨和精整,在去离子水中进行超声清洗,干燥;
步骤七、将步骤六中能得到的半成品置于真空浸油机内进行浸油处理,得到成品。
实施例三
一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为6.5%,Si为0.6%,Mg为1.3%,Cr为1.4%,Sn为1.1%,Nb为0.6%,Bi为1.8%,Co为1.2%,Er为0.15%,Zr为0.06%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
上述低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一、原材料准备,分别按重量取6.5%的铜粉,0.6%的硅粉,1.3%的镁粉,1.4%的铬粉,1.1%的锡粉,0.6%的铌粉,1.8%的铋粉,1.2%的钴粉,0.15%的铒粉和0.06%的锆粉,余量为铝粉,将上述个组分置于高速混合机中混合均匀,搅拌速度为得到初级混料;其中,粉为粒径为80-100μm的雾化铝粉,铜粉、硅粉、镁粉、铬粉、锡粉、铌粉、铋粉、钴粉、铒粉和锆粉的粒径均为60-75μm。
步骤二、向初级混料中加入占初级混料重量百分比1.0%的润滑剂和重量百分比1.0%的石墨,然后在高速混合机中混合均匀,得到混合料;其中,润滑剂为镍包二硫化钼,石墨为鳞片状石墨,粒经为48-60μm;
步骤三、设计压制模具,将混合料倒入已设计好的模具内,然后安装上冲模,使冲模的上表面保持水平,安装完成后,将模具放入粉末压片机中进行压制成型,得到压坯;其中,压制压力为130MPa,保压时间为30s;
步骤四、将得到的混合料放入在烘干炉内,在氩气的保护下进行150℃保温烘干2h;
步骤五、向高温烧结炉中充满氩气,将烘干后的压坯放入高温烧结炉中进行烧结,先升高温度为280℃,升温速率为100℃/h,烧结1h,再升温至570℃,升温速率为150℃/h,烧结2h,烧结完成后,降低温度为300℃,保温3h,最后随炉冷却至室温,得到半成品;
步骤六、将得到的半成品进行打磨和精整,在去离子水中进行超声清洗,干燥;
步骤七、将步骤六中能得到的半成品置于真空浸油机内进行浸油处理,得到成品。
实施例四
一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为8.5%,Si为0.9%,Mg为1.7%,Cr为1.7%,Sn为1.5%,Nb为0.2%,Bi为2.3%,Co为1.8%,Er为0.25%,Zr为0.12%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
上述低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一、原材料准备,分别按重量取8.5%的铜粉,0.9%的硅粉,1.7%的镁粉,1.7%的铬粉,1.5%的锡粉,0.2%的铌粉,2.3%的铋粉,1.8%的钴粉,0.25%的铒粉和0.12%的锆粉,余量为铝粉,将上述个组分置于高速混合机中混合均匀,搅拌速度为得到初级混料;其中,粉为粒径为80-100μm的雾化铝粉,铜粉、硅粉、镁粉、铬粉、锡粉、铌粉、铋粉、钴粉、铒粉和锆粉的粒径均为60-75μm。
步骤二、向初级混料中加入占初级混料重量百分比1.0%的润滑剂和重量百分比1.0%的石墨,然后在高速混合机中混合均匀,得到混合料;其中,润滑剂为镍包二硫化钼,石墨为鳞片状石墨,粒经为48-60μm;
步骤三、设计压制模具,将混合料倒入已设计好的模具内,然后安装上冲模,使冲模的上表面保持水平,安装完成后,将模具放入粉末压片机中进行压制成型,得到压坯;其中,压制压力为130MPa,保压时间为30s;
步骤四、将得到的混合料放入在烘干炉内,在氩气的保护下进行150℃保温烘干3h;
步骤五、向高温烧结炉中充满氩气,将烘干后的压坯放入高温烧结炉中进行烧结,先升高温度为310℃,升温速率为100℃/h,烧结1h,再升温至610℃,升温速率为150℃/h,烧结2h,烧结完成后,降低温度为300℃,保温4h,最后随炉冷却至室温,得到半成品;
步骤六、将得到的半成品进行打磨和精整,在去离子水中进行超声清洗,干燥;
步骤七、将步骤六中能得到的半成品置于真空浸油机内进行浸油处理,得到成品。
在上述实施例得到的成品中各取若干试样,利用维氏硬度计、万能试验机分别对试样的硬度、抗拉强度和径向压溃强度进行测定,然后根据国标GB/5163-2006测定试样的含油率,得到下表:
由上表可知,由于合金元素的添加,含油轴承的维氏硬度、抗拉强度和径向压溃强度都得到明显提升,分别达到58、151.33MPa和215.4MPa,优于现有铝基含油轴承。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其特征在于,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为6.5-8.5%,Si为0.6-0.9%,Mg为1.3-1.7%,Cr为1.4-1.7%,Sn为1.1-1.5%,Nb为0.2-0.9%,Bi为1.8-2.3%,Co为1.2-1.8%,Er为0.15-0.25%,Zr为0.06-0.12%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
2.如权利要求1所述的低噪音耐磨含油轴承,其特征在于,其组成及各组分质量百分含量如下:Cu为7.9%,Si为0.8%,Mg为1.5%,Cr为1.6%,Sn为1.3%,Nb为0.9%,Bi为2.05%,Co为1.7%,Er为0.21%,Zr为0.09%,杂质含量不大于1%,余量为铝。
3.如权利要求1所述的低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下制备步骤:
步骤一、原材料准备,分别按重量取6.5-8.5%的铜粉,0.6-0.9%的硅粉,1.3-1.7%的镁粉,1.4-1.7%的铬粉,1.1-1.5%的锡粉,0.2-0.9%的铌粉,1.8-2.3%的铋粉, 1.2-1.8%的钴粉,0.15-0.25%的铒粉和0.06-0.12%的锆粉,余量为铝粉,将上述个组分置于高速混合机中混合均匀,得到初级混料;
步骤二、向初级混料中加入占初级混料重量百分比1.0%的润滑剂和重量百分比1.0%的石墨,然后在高速混合机中混合均匀,得到混合料;
步骤三、设计压制模具,将混合料倒入已设计好的模具内,然后安装上冲模,使冲模的上表面保持水平,安装完成后,将模具放入粉末压片机中进行压制成型,得到压坯;
步骤四、将得到的混合料放入在烘干炉内,在氩气的保护下进行150℃保温烘干2-3h;
步骤五、向高温烧结炉中充满氩气,将烘干后的压坯放入高温烧结炉中进行烧结,先升高温度为280-310℃,升温速率为100℃/h,烧结1h,再升温至570-610℃,升温速率为150℃/h,烧结2h,烧结完成后,降低温度为300℃,保温3-4h,最后随炉冷却至室温,得到半成品;
步骤六、将得到的半成品进行打磨和精整,在去离子水中进行超声清洗,干燥;
步骤七、将步骤六中能得到的半成品置于真空浸油机内进行浸油处理,得到成品。
4.如权利要求3所述的低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤一中,铝粉为粒径为80-100μm的雾化铝粉,铜粉、硅粉、镁粉、铬粉、锡粉、铌粉、铋粉、钴粉、铒粉和锆粉的粒径均为60-75μm。
5.如权利要求3所述的低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二中,润滑剂为镍包二硫化钼,石墨为鳞片状石墨,粒经为48-60μm。
6.如权利要求3所述的低噪音耐磨含油轴承的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三中,压制压力为130MPa,保压时间为30s。
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CN107218301A (zh) * 2017-04-28 2017-09-29 柳州市够旺贸易有限公司 滑动轴承
CN107695339A (zh) * 2017-10-10 2018-02-16 浙江跃进机械有限公司 一种铝基粉末冶金锻造发动机连杆的制备方法
CN107695340A (zh) * 2017-10-10 2018-02-16 浙江跃进机械有限公司 铝基粉末冶金锻造发动机连杆的制备方法
CN107841671A (zh) * 2017-12-05 2018-03-27 朱森 一种氧化铍基金属陶瓷的制备方法
CN108386444A (zh) * 2018-03-06 2018-08-10 南昌工程学院 一种低速式自润滑高温滚动轴承及其制造方法

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