CN106074899A - 一种治疗眼病的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种中药组合物,具体涉及一种治疗眼病的中药组合物及其制备方法。包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参8~15份,黄芪8~15份,水蛭1~5份,西红花3~8份,地黄5~12份,珍珠1~4份,丝瓜络5~12份,当归5~12份,枸杞8~15份,决明子5~12份,葛根8~15份,桂枝1~5份。本发明的中药组合物具有益气活血,滋阴补肾,通络明目的功效,用于气虚血瘀,肝肾不足,脉络郁滞呆滞的眼底病及视神经萎缩缺血和视网膜炎;经临床观察研究显示,本发明的中药组合物临床应用总有效率67.34%,可见其为治疗眼病的有效中成药制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物,具体涉及一种治疗眼病的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
眼底病及视神经萎缩不是一种单独的疾病,它是视神经各种病变及其髓鞘或视网膜神经节细胞及其轴突等的损害,致使神经纤维丧失、神经胶质增生的最终结局。由于神经纤维的蜕变及萎缩,病人多有视功能的减退、视野的缩小。该病病因复杂,可由视神经疾患演变而来,亦可继发于青光眼和其他视网膜疾病。眶内颅内肿瘤压迫、中毒性眼病等都是常见病因,属眼科常见致盲眼病之一。视神经萎缩通常无有效的治疗方法,西医目前无公认有效治疗方法,目前常不予治疗或仅给予少量维生素B等药物治疗。
眼底病及视神经萎缩在中医学中归属“青盲”范畴。病因包括外感六淫、七情郁结、饮食不节、劳逸失度、热病久病、头目外伤及先天禀赋不足等。其病机如下:
肾虚:或因先天禀赋不足,或因高热伤阴,或因久病劳倦,致肾阴亏虚,精血不足,水不涵木,虚火上炎,伤津耗液,精血不能上荣于目而致青盲。
肝邪:多因情志不遂,恼怒伤肝,肝气郁结,疏泄失职,气机不畅,血随气郁,或因其他原因引起气机升发,疏泄功能失度,也可造成肝气郁结,目络阻滞,津液不行,不能濡养于目而发病。
气血亏虚:多因先天禀赋不足,或饮食不节,劳累过度,脾胃虚弱,气血生化乏源,运 行无力。气虚则目视不明,血虚则目失所养,均可导致青盲。
气滞血瘀:或因头部外伤,目系受损,或情志不舒,郁结时久,或由于久病入络,致瘀血阻滞脉络,精气不能上达于目所致。
目前对该类病尚无特殊有效的治疗方法,临床主要应用大量神经营养药物及血管扩张剂,效果欠佳。中国专利公开过治疗眼底病及视神经萎缩眼病的中药,如:CN1544072、CN1119944、CN1130518,这些专利的配方尚未成功的用于临床,而且配方组分复杂,原料价格昂贵。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明提供了一种治疗眼病的中药组合物及其制备方法。
本发明要解决的技术问题通过以下技术方案实现:
一种治疗眼病的中药组合物,包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参8~15份,黄芪8~15份,水蛭1~5份,西红花3~8份,地黄5~12份,珍珠1~4份,丝瓜络5~12份,当归5~12份,枸杞8~15份,决明子5~12份,葛根8~15份,桂枝1~5份。
优选地,所述中药组合物包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参8份,黄芪8份,水蛭1份,西红花3份,地黄5份,珍珠1份,丝瓜络5份,当归5份,枸杞8份,决明子5份,葛根8份,桂枝1份。
优选地,所述中药组合物包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参15份,黄芪15份,水蛭5份,西红花8份,地黄12份,珍珠4份,丝瓜络12份,当归12份,枸杞15份,决明子12份,葛根15份,桂枝5份。
优选地,所述中药组合物包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参13份,黄芪12份,水蛭3份,西红花5份,地黄9份,珍珠2份,丝瓜络9份,当归9份,枸杞10份,决明子8份,葛根10份,桂枝3份。
上述治疗眼病的中药组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将珍珠单独粉碎成细粉,得到细粉一;
步骤二:将西洋参、1/2量黄芪、西红花、水蛭烘干粉碎,过筛,得到细粉二;
步骤三:将所述细粉一和细粉二混匀,得到细粉三;
步骤四:将葛根、另外1/2量黄芪、枸杞子、地黄、当归、决明子、丝瓜络、桂枝八味药加水煎煮提取三次,得到第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液;
步骤五:将所述第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液混合,浓缩得到稠膏;
步骤六:将所述细粉三与稠膏混匀、干燥,得到治疗眼病的中药组合物。
优选地,所述步骤四中第一次提取液是将所述八味药加5~15倍量水煎1~4h,第二次提取液是在第一次提取后的八味药中再加3~10倍量水煎0.5~2h完成,第三次提取液是在第二次提取后的八味药中再加3~10倍量水煎0.5~2h完成。
一种治疗眼病的胶囊,所述胶囊由所述的治疗眼病的中药组合物或所述的方法制备的治疗眼病的中药组合物制成。
本发明的治疗眼病的中药组合物的组分性味与功效如下:
西洋参:苦,微甘,寒。具有增强中枢神经系统功能,保护心血管系统,提高免疫力,促进血液活力和治疗糖尿病的功效。
黄芪:味甘性微温。补齐固表,托疮生肌。主治体虚自汗,久泻,脱肛,子宫脱垂,慢性肾炎,体虚浮肿,慢性溃疡,疮口久不愈合。具有益气固表、补气养血、降血压的功效。
水蛭:咸、苦,平;有毒。破血,逐瘀,通经。用于症瘕痞块,血瘀经闭,跌打损伤。
西红花:味甘,性平。具有活血化瘀,散郁开结的功效。
地黄:性凉,味甘苦。滋阴,养血,凉血。适宜阴虚发热,口干渴,阴伤便秘者食用;适宜妇女月经不调,血崩,胎动不安者食用;适宜肾阴不足,虚火上炎之咽喉干痛者食用;适宜湿疹,尊麻疹,神经性皮炎等皮肤红斑者食用。
珍珠:性寒,味咸、味甘。安神定惊、明目消翳、收敛生肌功效。用于惊悸失眠、惊风癫痫、目赤肿痛、疮疡不敛等。
丝瓜络:味苦,性凉;通经活络;解毒消肿。主胸胁疼痛;风湿痹痛,经脉拘挛,乳汁不通,肺势咳嗽,痈前程疮毒,他痈。
当归:性温,味甘、味辛。补血调经活血止痛润肠通便。主治血虚萎黄 眩晕心悸。
枸杞:性平,味甘。补精气,坚筋骨,滋肝肾,止消渴,明目,抗衰老。适宜肝肾阴虚之人,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,虚劳瘦弱者服食;适宜一切癌症患者阴虚内热之人及放疗、化疗后食用;适宜一切虚性亢进的“热证”,诸如肺结核后期,消渴病的阴虚内热,小儿麻疹后虚热不退者食用;适宜糖尿病人食用;适宜慢性眼病之人食用;适宜血虚之人食用;适宜高血压,高脂血症,动脉硬化,慢性肝炎,脂肪肝患者食用。
决明子:甘,咸,苦。清热明目,润肠通便。用于:目赤涩痛,羞明多泪,头痛眩晕,目暗不明,大便秘结。
葛根:辛,甘。解肌退热,生津,透疹,升阳止泻。主治发热头痛、顽强,口渴,消渴,麻疹不透,热痢,泄泻,高血压颈项强痛。
桂枝:辛、甘,温。发汗解表,温经通阳。用于风寒表证,风寒湿痹、关节疼痛、水肿,痰饮,胸痹、心悸、瘀滞经闭,痛经、癥瘕,脘腹疼痛。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:
1.本发明的中药组合物具有益气活血,滋阴补肾,通络明目的功效,用于气虚血瘀,肝肾不足,脉络郁滞呆滞的眼底病及视神经萎缩和视网膜炎。
2.经临床观察显示,本发明的中药组合物临床应用总有效率67.34%,可见其为治疗眼病的有效中成药制剂。
3.本发明的中药组合物具体解决了:
①视神经缺血、缺氧、组织周边水肿、变性等导致血液循环障碍、视力下降;
②眼底血管病变及视网膜炎等陈旧性网膜病变;
③糖尿病引起的眼底视网膜、脉络膜等病变;
④视电生理电位或诱发电位波明显低下或消失者;
⑤视野向心性缩小,红、黄、蓝、绿等视野缩小尤为明显者;
⑥屈光不正及弱视、散光、玻璃体浑浊早期白内障等关键问题。
4.本发明的中药组合物还具有扩张脑血管,心血管,并有较强的解热作用;以及用于治疗高血压引起的头痛,颈背强痛及胸痹痛,都有一定效果。
5.本发明的中药组合物,相比西医疗法在安全性上更胜一筹;相比现行的中医疗法,本发明制备的中药组合物的胶囊疗法,省去了繁琐的中药熬制过程,对患者来说更加简单有效。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1:
治疗眼病的中药组合物配方:
西洋参8份,黄芪8份,水蛭1份,西红花3份,地黄5份,珍珠1份,丝瓜络5份,当归5份,枸杞8份,决明子5份,葛根8份,桂枝1份。
上述配方的制备方法:包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将珍珠单独粉碎成细粉,得到细粉一;
步骤二:将西洋参、1/2量黄芪、西红花、水蛭烘干粉碎,过筛,得到细粉二;
步骤三:将所述细粉一和细粉二混匀,得到细粉三,备用;
步骤四:将葛根、另外1/2量黄芪、枸杞子、地黄、当归、决明子、丝瓜络、桂枝八味药加水煎煮提取三次,得到第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液;第一次提取液是将所述八味药加5倍量水煎1h,第二次提取液是在第一次提取后的八味药中再加3倍量水煎0.5h完成,第三次提取液是在第二次提取后的八味药中再加3倍量水煎0.5h完成。
步骤五:将所述第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液混合,浓缩得到稠膏;
步骤六:将所述细粉三与稠膏混匀、干燥,得到治疗眼病的中药组合物。
一种治疗眼病的胶囊,所述胶囊由上述配方的治疗眼病的中药组合物或上述方法制备的治疗眼病的中药组合物经过粉碎、装囊,制粒得到。
实施例2:
治疗眼病的中药组合物配方:
西洋参15份,黄芪15份,水蛭5份,西红花8份,地黄12份,珍珠4份,丝瓜络12份,当归12份,枸杞15份,决明子12份,葛根15份,桂枝5份。
上述配方的制备方法:包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将珍珠单独粉碎成细粉,得到细粉一;
步骤二:将西洋参、1/2量黄芪、西红花、水蛭烘干粉碎,过筛,得到细粉二;
步骤三:将所述细粉一和细粉二混匀,得到细粉三;
步骤四:将葛根、另外1/2量黄芪、枸杞子、地黄、当归、决明子、丝瓜络、桂枝八味药加水煎煮提取三次,得到第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液;第一次提取液是将所述八味药加15倍量水煎4h,第二次提取液是在第一次提取后的八味药中再加10倍量水煎2h完成,第三次提取液是在第二次提取后的八味药中再加10倍量水煎2h完成。
步骤五:将所述第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液混合,浓缩得到稠膏;
步骤六:将所述细粉三与稠膏混匀、干燥,得到治疗眼病的中药组合物。
一种治疗眼病的胶囊,所述胶囊由上述配方的治疗眼病的中药组合物或上述方法制备的治疗眼病的中药组合物经过粉碎、装囊,制粒得到。
实施例3:
治疗眼病的中药组合物配方:
西洋参13份,黄芪12份,水蛭3份,西红花5份,地黄9份,珍珠2份,丝瓜络9份,当归9份,枸杞10份,决明子8份,葛根10份,桂枝3份。
上述配方的制备方法:包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将珍珠单独粉碎成细粉,得到细粉一;
步骤二:将西洋参、1/2量黄芪、西红花、水蛭烘干粉碎,过筛,得到细粉二;
步骤三:将所述细粉一和细粉二混匀,得到细粉三,备用;
步骤四:将葛根、另外1/2量黄芪、枸杞子、地黄、当归、决明子、丝瓜络、桂枝八味药加水煎煮提取三次,得到第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液;第一次提取液是将所述八味药加8倍量水煎2h,第二次提取液是在第一次提取后的八味药中再加5倍量水煎1h完成,第三次提取液是在第二次提取后的八味药中再加6倍量水煎1h完成。
步骤五:将所述第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液混合,浓缩得到稠膏;
步骤六:将所述细粉三与稠膏混匀、干燥,得到治疗眼病的中药组合物。
一种治疗眼病的胶囊,所述胶囊由上述配方的治疗眼病的中药组合物或上述方法制备的治疗眼病的中药组合物经过粉碎、装囊,制粒得到。
实施例4:
治疗眼病的中药组合物配方:
西洋参10份,黄芪8份,水蛭4份,西红花6份,地黄8份,珍珠3份,丝瓜络10份,当归10份,枸杞12份,决明子7份,葛根11份,桂枝4份。
上述配方的制备方法:包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将珍珠单独粉碎成细粉,得到细粉一;
步骤二:将西洋参、1/2量黄芪、西红花、水蛭烘干粉碎,过筛,得到细粉二;
步骤三:将所述细粉一和细粉二混匀,得到细粉三,备用;
步骤四:将葛根、另外1/2量黄芪、枸杞子、地黄、当归、决明子、丝瓜络、桂枝八味药加水煎煮提取三次,得到第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液;第一次提取液是将所述八味药加10倍量水煎3h,第二次提取液是在第一次提取后的八味药中再加8倍量水煎2h完成,第三次提取液是在第二次提取后的八味药中再加6倍量水煎1h完成。
步骤五:将所述第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液混合,浓缩得到稠膏;
步骤六:将所述细粉三与稠膏混匀、干燥,得到治疗眼病的中药组合物。
一种治疗眼病的胶囊,所述胶囊由上述配方的治疗眼病的中药组合物或上述方法制备的治疗眼病的中药组合物经过粉碎、装囊,制粒得到。
实施例5:
本发明的治疗眼病的中药组合物,临床研究数据如下:
1.临床资料
1.1一般资料
眼底病及视神经萎缩患者158例,随机分为治疗组与对照组。其中治疗组110人,199眼,男108眼,女91眼,年龄28-65岁,平均约40岁左右;对照组48人,88眼,男47眼,女41眼,年龄30-66岁,平均40岁左右。两组在性别、年龄、病程等方面,均有可比性(P>0.05)。
1.2诊断标准
中、西医诊断标准均采用卫生部《中药新药治疗眼病的临床研究指导原则》规定标准。
中医辨证标准:
心脾两虚型:证见目视不明,眼底有视神经萎缩病变,头晕眼花、目睫无力、面色无华、心情虚烦、食少神疲、舌淡、脉细数;
肝肾阴虚型:证见目视不明,眼底有视神经萎缩病变,双眼干涩头晕目眩、耳鸣腰酸、心烦多梦、颧红盗汗、舌红少苔、脉细数;
肝气郁结型:证见目视不明,眼底有视神经萎缩病变,抑郁烦躁、头晕目眩、肋痛纳差、妇女月经不调或痛经、舌红、苔薄白、脉弦细数。
1.3纳入病例标准
符合西医诊断标准;中医辨证分型符合诊断标准。
1.4排除病例标准
①排除外伤性,脊髓痨性,中毒型继发性和颅内占位性病变所致视神经萎缩者;②青光眼性视神经萎缩者;③因视网膜、脉络膜、视网膜血管病变而继发的视神经萎者;④合视乳头先天异常或缺损,或眼部其他先天异常者;⑤有心、脑、血管病和肝、肾、造血系统等严重原发性疾病者;⑥不按规定服药或不符合纳入病例标准者。
2.治疗方法
治疗组用本发明的中药组合物胶囊(第四军医大学西京医院药剂科提供,批号为:110301):口服,一次5粒,一日3次。对照组用石斛夜光丸(长春人民药业集团生产,批号为:20110701):口服,一次6g,一日2次。两组均为三个月一疗程。
3.结果
3.1疗效标准参照卫生部《中药新药治疗眼病的临床研究指导原则》所规定的标准执行。
临床痊愈:视力≥1.0,视野正常,或有P-VEP改善;伴随症状消失;
显效:①视力进步≥4行,或视野≥15°;②若视力不足0.1时,眼前手动增至0.04以上,或33cm指数增至0.08以上,或0.02增至0.1以上;或0.03-0.05增至0.2以上;或0.06-0.08增至0.4以上;伴随症状消失,次症状大部分消失;
有效:①视力进步≥2行,视野扩大≥5°;②若视力不足0.1时,眼前手动增至0.02以上,或33cm指数增至0.04以上,或0.02增至0.06以上;或0.03-0.05增至0.08以上;或0.06-0.08增至0.2以上;伴随症状消失,次症状部分消失;
无效:视力进步不足2行,伴随症状无变化。
3.2疗效结果
3.2.1临床疗效
本发明的中药组合物治疗110例,199眼,临床治愈眼32眼,显效56眼,有效46眼,无效65眼,总有效率67.30%;对照组48例,88眼,临床治愈8眼,显效21眼,有效14眼,无效45眼,总有效率46.59%。两组临床疗效差别显著(P<0.05)。见表1。
表1 本发明的中药组合物治疗眼病疗效比较(以眼数计)
与对照组比较※P<0.05。
中医辨证分型
本发明的中药组合物治疗心脾两虚型,总有效率为83.34%,肝肾阴虚型为73.41%,肝气郁结型为37.50%。见表2。
表2 本发明的中药组合物对中医辨证分型的疗效比较
与肝气郁结组比较※P<0.05,※※P<0.01。
结果显示,本发明的中药组合物治疗心脾两虚、肝肾阴虚与肝气郁结比较有显著意义(P<0.01)。
3.3 不良反应 应用本发明的中药组合物后,尚未发现任何不良反应。
4、典型病例
李某,男,50岁,陕西省咸阳彩虹集团退休职工。
主诉:双眼视力下降,视物模糊不清半年余。
半年来经常头晕,双眼干涩、易疲劳、视物不明。曾在西安几家大型医院就诊,诊断为:视神经萎缩。给口服神经营养药物维生素B1、B12、ATP及辅酶A等,血管扩张药及活血化瘀药地巴唑、维生素E、维脑路通、复方丹参等治疗无效。就诊检查结果:
视力:左0.1,右0.1;外眼(—)屈光质透明、眼底视盘边界清、色苍白、C/D=0.4,A:V=1:2,黄斑区色素紊乱,中反消失。患者自觉食欲减退,四肢无力,烦躁易怒。查患者精神欠佳,面色无华、舌苔淡薄、脉沉细。
诊断:视神经萎缩
口服:本发明的治疗眼病的中药组合物胶囊。每次5粒、一日3次。
服药一疗程(90)天,自觉看东西较前清晰,食欲增加,精神状态较前改善。
检查:视力:左0.15;右0.2;眼底:视盘颜色较淡,余同前。
继续服用三个疗程后,
检查:视力:左0.6;右0.8; 至今视力尚未减退。
5、讨论
眼底病及视神经萎缩病首见于《神农本草经》,其后《论证准绳·七窍门》对该病做了极其详细论述。我们临床研究发现心脾两虚、肝肾阴虚、脉络郁滞是导致此疾病最主要的病机,本发明的中药组合物以益气活血、滋阴补肾的中药为基础,适当配伍通络明目的药物达到针对病因治疗根本,辅以启闭郁之玄府,发灵明之神光的目的。临床观察显示,本发明的中药组合物临床应用总有效率67.34%,可见其为治疗眼病的有效中成药制剂。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗眼病的中药组合物,其特征在于:包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参8~15份,黄芪8~15份,水蛭1~5份,西红花3~8份,地黄5~12份,珍珠1~4份,丝瓜络5~12份,当归5~12份,枸杞8~15份,决明子5~12份,葛根8~15份,桂枝1~5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参8份,黄芪8份,水蛭1份,西红花3份,地黄5份,珍珠1份,丝瓜络5份,当归5份,枸杞8份,决明子5份,葛根8份,桂枝1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参15份,黄芪15份,水蛭5份,西红花8份,地黄12份,珍珠4份,丝瓜络12份,当归12份,枸杞15份,决明子12份,葛根15份,桂枝5份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物包括如下重量份的组分:西洋参13份,黄芪12份,水蛭3份,西红花5份,地黄9份,珍珠2份,丝瓜络9份,当归9份,枸杞10份,决明子8份,葛根10份,桂枝3份。
5.权利要求1-4任一种治疗眼病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将珍珠单独粉碎成细粉,得到细粉一;
步骤二:将西洋参、1/2量黄芪、西红花、水蛭烘干粉碎,过筛,得到细粉二;
步骤三:将所述细粉一和细粉二混匀,得到细粉三;
步骤四:将葛根、另外1/2量黄芪、枸杞子、地黄、当归、决明子、丝瓜络、桂枝八味药加水煎煮提取三次,得到第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液;
步骤五:将所述第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液混合,浓缩得到稠膏;
步骤六:将所述细粉三与稠膏混匀、干燥,得到治疗眼病的中药组合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤四中第一次提取液是将所述八味药加5~15倍量水煎1~4h,第二次提取液是在第一次提取后的八味药中再加3~10倍量水煎0.5~2h完成,第三次提取液是在第二次提取后的八味药中再加3~10倍量水煎0.5~2h完成。
7.一种治疗眼病的胶囊,其特征在于:所述胶囊由权利要求1~4所述的治疗眼病的中药组合物制成。
8.一种治疗眼病的胶囊,其特征在于:所述胶囊由权利要求5~6任一项所述的方法制备的治疗眼病的中药组合物制成。
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