CN106070551A - 一种蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 102000016943 Muramidase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 108010014251 Muramidase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000004325 lysozyme Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B7/024—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication or lyophilisation
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- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B7/05—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals other than cryogenics, before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block
- A23B7/055—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals other than cryogenics, before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid nitrogen, at cryogenic temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工的方法,包括原料准备、清洗、烫漂、冷却、真空冷冻干燥、包装、冷冻贮藏等步骤。本发明通过真空冷冻干燥,把烫漂后的蚕豆籽粒水分减少5%‑15%,从而有效降低蚕豆质地变软的程度、汁液流出的情况,较好保持了蚕豆的品质;本发明的蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工,采用适量的溶菌酶对微生物的抑制作用。从而有效减缓蚕豆微生物超标的发生。本发明处理的蚕豆籽粒贮藏期达3年以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及果蔬保鲜领域,具体涉及一种蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工的方法。
背景技术
蚕豆鲜籽是指当豆荚饱满,蚕豆籽粒呈浅绿色、种脐由黄转黑时,即可采收蚕豆鲜籽。它营养丰富、食味鲜美,深受广大群众的喜爱。由于速冻蚕豆在销售过程中自然解冻,使它的质地变软,汁液流出、微生物超标;还有一种状况,速冻蚕豆在长期的冷冻过程中,其水分蒸发过多,导到其产品质量变差。目前,蔬菜速冻加工中,脱水冷冻技术是一种新型的食品加工技术,它是指将食品水分含量降低到一个合适的水平之后再进行冷冻。脱水预处理不仅能降低食品的水分含量,还能改善食品的组织结构,减缓食品品质劣变。目前,脱水冷冻技术在胡萝卜、草莓、凤梨、西红柿、茄子等果蔬中已有研究报道。在申请号 为201010535559.6的专利中,把速冻蚕豆的水分降低到3%以下,变成干制品,影响速豆蚕豆原有的品质;溶菌酶在青花菜等果蔬保鲜中有应用,但尚未见它在速冻蚕豆加工贮藏中抑制微生物的报道。
溶菌酶(lysozyme)又称胞壁质酶(muramidase)或N-乙酰胞壁质聚糖水解酶(N-acetylmuramide glycanohydrlase),是一种能水解致病菌中黏多糖的碱性酶。溶菌酶是一种无毒、无副作用的蛋白质,又具有一定的溶菌作用,因此可用作天然的食品防腐剂。溶菌酶可被冷冻或干燥处理,且活力稳定。
现有的速冻蚕豆在销售过程中自然解冻,使它的质地变软,汁液流出、微生物超标;还有一种状况,速冻蚕豆在长期的冷冻过程中,其水分蒸发过多,导到其产品质量变差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种保鲜效果优异的蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工的方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是:
一种蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工的方法,其特征是:包括以下步骤:
(1) 原料准备:蚕豆种脐由黄转黑时采收;挑选无机械损伤、病虫害、籽粒饱满、色泽均一的蚕豆鲜籽;
(2)清洗:将步骤(1)的蚕豆鲜籽用清水清洗2~3次。
(3)烫漂:将经步骤 (2)处理的蚕豆鲜籽在95-96℃热水中烫漂60~180s;
(4)冷却:将经步骤(3)处理的蚕豆鲜籽放入已至冷温度0℃~5℃、含0.01%-1%氯化钠、0.0002%-0.002%溶菌酶的水溶液中,浸泡10min-30min,沥水;
(5)真空冷冻干燥:在10Kpa-1000Kpa的压力、温度在-35℃~-50℃下,将经步骤(4)处理的蚕豆鲜籽真空冷冻干燥6h-12h;
(6)包装:在0℃下、无菌室中,用真空包装袋进行真空包装;
(7)冷冻贮藏:在-18℃~-30℃下冷冻贮藏。
本发明的有益效果
1、蚕豆速冻保鲜加工是一项综合系统性工程,本发明主要基于通过真空冷冻干燥,把烫漂后的蚕豆籽粒水分减少5%-15%,从而有效降低蚕豆质地变软的程度、汁液流出的情况,较好保持了蚕豆的品质。
2. 本发明的蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工,采用适量的溶菌酶对微生物的抑制作用。从而有效减缓蚕豆微生物超标的发生。
3. 本发明采用在低温下,对速冻蚕豆进行真空包装,这能有效减缓速冻蚕豆在长期的冷冻过程中,其水分蒸发过多,较好保持其品质。
4、本发明处理的蚕豆籽粒贮藏期达3年以上。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
图1是贮藏30天蚕豆解冻后的硬度比较示意图。
图2是解冻1天后各菌落数的比较示意图。
图3是真空包装后不同贮藏时间对速冻蚕豆水分损失率的影响示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的贮藏保鲜方法作进一步阐述,但不因此而限制本发明。
一种蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 原料准备:蚕豆种脐由黄转黑时采收;挑选无机械损伤、病虫害、籽粒饱满、色泽均一的蚕豆鲜籽;
(2)清洗:将步骤(1)的蚕豆鲜籽用清水清洗2~3次。
(3)烫漂:将经步骤 (2)处理的蚕豆鲜籽在95-96℃热水中烫漂60~180s;
(4)冷却:将经步骤(3)处理的蚕豆鲜籽放入已至冷温度0℃~5℃、含0.01%-1%氯化钠、0.0002%-0.002%溶菌酶的水溶液中,浸泡10min-30min,沥水;
(5)真空冷冻干燥:在10Kpa-1000Kpa的压力、温度在-35℃~-50℃下,将经步骤(4)处理的蚕豆鲜籽真空冷冻干燥6h-12h;
(6)包装:在0℃下、无菌室中,用真空包装袋进行真空包装;
(7)冷冻贮藏:在-18℃~-30℃下冷冻贮藏。
Claims (1)
1.一种蚕豆鲜籽速冻保鲜加工的方法,其特征是:包括以下步骤:
(1) 原料准备:蚕豆种脐由黄转黑时采收;挑选无机械损伤、病虫害、籽粒饱满、色泽均一的蚕豆鲜籽;
(2)清洗:将步骤(1)的蚕豆鲜籽用清水清洗2~3次;
(3)烫漂:将经步骤 (2)处理的蚕豆鲜籽在95-96℃热水中烫漂60~180s;
(4)冷却:将经步骤(3)处理的蚕豆鲜籽放入已至冷温度0℃~5℃、含0.01%-1%氯化钠、0.0002%-0.002%溶菌酶的水溶液中,浸泡10min-30min,沥水;
(5)真空冷冻干燥:在10Kpa-1000Kpa的压力、温度在-35℃~-50℃下,将经步骤(4)处理的蚕豆鲜籽真空冷冻干燥6h-12h;
(6)包装:在0℃下、无菌室中,用真空包装袋进行真空包装;
(7)冷冻贮藏:在-18℃~-30℃下冷冻贮藏。
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Cited By (4)
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CN107242289A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-13 | 安徽红云食品有限公司 | 新鲜毛豆速冻工艺 |
CN107333873A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-10 | 安徽红云食品有限公司 | 新鲜蚕豆速冻工艺 |
CN111587912A (zh) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-28 | 余姚市鸿基食品有限公司 | 一种应用于食品加工的真空冷冻干燥技术 |
CN115486477A (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-12-20 | 东台市绿佳园食品有限公司 | 一种磁场辅助冷冻提高速冻蚕豆瓣品质的方法 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107242289A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-13 | 安徽红云食品有限公司 | 新鲜毛豆速冻工艺 |
CN107333873A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-10 | 安徽红云食品有限公司 | 新鲜蚕豆速冻工艺 |
CN111587912A (zh) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-28 | 余姚市鸿基食品有限公司 | 一种应用于食品加工的真空冷冻干燥技术 |
CN115486477A (zh) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-12-20 | 东台市绿佳园食品有限公司 | 一种磁场辅助冷冻提高速冻蚕豆瓣品质的方法 |
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