CN106066725A - 触控面板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

触控面板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106066725A
CN106066725A CN201610241627.5A CN201610241627A CN106066725A CN 106066725 A CN106066725 A CN 106066725A CN 201610241627 A CN201610241627 A CN 201610241627A CN 106066725 A CN106066725 A CN 106066725A
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Prior art keywords
film
adhesive linkage
panel
contact panel
layer
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礒田丈司
粟生仁志
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Hosiden Corp
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Hosiden Corp
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Priority claimed from JP2016039189A external-priority patent/JP2016207200A/ja
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Publication of CN106066725A publication Critical patent/CN106066725A/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供一种触控面板，其具备面板部件和多层膜，前述多层膜接合于面板部件的正面，包括保护膜以及具有导电层的导电膜，多层膜的各膜经由粘接层而被层叠，并且前述多层膜被成形为沿前述正面的三维形状，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成。

Description

触控面板及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及触控面板及其制造方法。
背景技术
一直以来，触控面板被作为汽车的音响设备、家电产品、电子设备等中的输入装置而使用。触控面板通常通过在绝缘性膜正面上分别印刷导电层和装饰层而形成，前述导电层检测静电电容变化，前述装饰层用于装饰。通过使用触控面板，有以下优点：能够使操作面平整，能够省略用于输入操作的各种开关部件等。
设置于触控面板的装饰层根据触控面板的用途和要求从多种装饰层中选择而来。但是在一张膜上印刷、层叠装饰层和导电层的情况下，不能够容易地实现导电层与装饰层的多样组合。因此，存在将具备装饰层的装饰膜和具备导电层的导电膜借助粘接剂等接合的触控面板（例如，日本特开2014-2450号）。通过将装饰膜与导电膜分别设置，能够容易地实现导电层与装饰层的多样组合。
存在下述情况：根据设置的部位，出于外观设计和视觉上的理由，触控面板优选地设为曲面等三维形状。在日本特开2014-2450号的触控面板中，利用膜内嵌法和TOM（三次元表面装饰法）工艺等使装饰膜经由粘接层接合到导电膜上，前述粘接层借助粘接剂形成。在利用膜内嵌法等将触控面板成形为三维形状的情况下，双方的膜在借助粘接层接合后会弯曲而变形。因此硬化后的粘接层在变形时会有破裂的情况。为了防止粘接层的破裂，若取代粘接层而使用粘接胶带则能够简易地将各种膜材料贴合。但是，因为粘接胶带的粘接力一般比粘接剂要小，所以在例如起伏较大的三维成形部位，存在各膜从粘接胶带剥离的可能。因此，在触控面板中层叠后的膜形状的自由度受到限制。
发明内容
在本发明的技术方案中，公开一种触控面板及其制造方法，即使将层叠后的膜成形为三维形状也能稳定地保持其形状。
涉及本发明的触控面板的技术方案之一具备面板部件和多层膜，前述多层膜接合于前述面板部件的正面，包括保护膜以及具有导电层的导电膜，前述多层膜的各膜经由粘接层而被层叠，并且前述多层膜被成形为沿前述正面的三维形状，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成。
在本技术方案中，多层膜包括导电膜以及保护膜，各膜经由粘接层进行层叠，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成，所以在加热前的常温时粘接层没有硬化。由此，多层膜能够在不使粘接层破裂的情况变形，能够在边加热多层膜边成形为三维形状的过程中或者成形以后使粘接层硬化。因此，能够将包括导电膜以及保护膜的多层膜在各膜经由粘接层紧贴的状态下成形为三维形状。由此，多层膜在成形为三维形状时不容易发生成形变形，从而降低引起各膜与粘接层剥离的内部应力。其结果是，在触控面板中稳定地保持多层膜的三维形状。
在涉及本发明的触控面板的技术方案之一中，前述保护膜是具有装饰层的装饰膜。
如本技术方案这样，若在多层膜中保护膜是具有装饰层的装饰膜，则能够通过选择装饰膜而在触控面板中容易地实现导电层与装饰层的多样组合。
涉及本发明的触控面板的制造方法的技术方案之一具有膜制作工序、膜成形工序、面板一体化工序，前述膜制作工序将保护膜以及具有导电层的导电膜经由粘接层进行层叠从而制作多层膜，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成，前述膜成形工序将前述多层膜加热，同时使前述多层膜变形为三维形状，前述面板一体化工序将成形后的前述多层膜配置于注射成形用的模具中，向前述模具内注射熔融树脂从而成形出面板部件，并且，将前述多层膜和前述面板部件一体化。
根据本技术方案，在借助膜成形工序成形出多层膜后将其配置于模具内并进行注射成形，由此制造触控面板。在这里，多层膜借助膜制作工序而制作，前述膜制作工序将保护膜以及具有导电层的导电膜经由粘接层进行层叠，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成。在膜制作工序结束的时刻，虽然多层膜的粘接层没有硬化，但是借助其粘性，导电膜与保护膜被接合。然后，在膜成形程序中借助加热而成形为三维形状的过程中或者成形后，若多层膜的温度超过热硬化性粘接剂的硬化温度，则粘接层硬化。像这样多层膜在膜成形工序中粘接层硬化，因此成形时各个膜中发生的变形得到抑制。由此能够制造将稳定的三维形状的多层膜与面板部件一体化的触控面板。另外，即使在借助膜成形工序的加热没有完成粘接层的硬化的情况下，也能够在面板一体化工序中通过将多层膜再次加热从而使粘接层的硬化完成。
附图说明
图1是表示多层膜的结构的图。
图2是涉及第一实施方式的触控面板的立体图。
图3是图2的III-III线方向剖视图。
图4是表示预备成形后的多层膜的图。
图5是表示触控面板的成形工序的图。
图6是表示触控面板的成形工序的图。
图7是表示触控面板的成形工序的图。
图8是表示触控面板的成形工序的其他方式的图。
图9是表示触控面板的成形工序的其他方式的图。
图10是涉及第二实施方式的触控面板的立体图。
图11是图10的XI-XI线方向剖视图。
图12是涉及其他实施方式的触控面板的立体图。
具体实施方式
下面，基于附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
第一实施方式
如图1~图3所示，触控面板20是在面板部件11的正面上层叠多层膜10而构成的。面板部件11以及多层膜10一起形成三维形状。在本实施方式中，触控面板20的正面形成为三维曲面形状。在面板部件11的中央形成有成为触控面板20的操作画面的开口12。
如图1所示，多层膜10是由具有导电层1a、2a的导电膜1、2、粘接层6、具有装饰层3a的装饰膜3按顺序层叠而成。在装饰膜3的正面侧（图1的上方侧）上，经由粘接层7进一步地层叠有具有保护层4a的保护膜4。
第一导电膜1以及第二导电膜2在基膜的正面侧分别具备第一导电层1a以及第二导电层2a。第一导电膜1与第二导电膜2经由粘接层5进行层叠。第一导电层1a例如检测既定的一方向的坐标位置，而第二导电层2a检测与前述一方向相交的方向的坐标位置，因此第一导电膜1和第二导电膜2的组合具有作为触摸传感器的功能。在本实施方式中，触摸传感器由两张导电膜1、2构成，但是触摸传感器也可以由一张导电膜构成。
装饰膜3在基膜的背面侧具有装饰层3a。装饰层3a借助丝网印刷或者转印等形成。装饰层3a具有不透光性，被施以例如与触控面板20相应的设计和色调。
保护膜4在基膜的正面侧具有保护层4a。涂有作为保护层4a的例如硬质涂层材料，因此具有防划伤、低反射、防眩光、防指纹、损伤修复、折射率调整、延迟調整等功能。
保护膜4也可以不具有保护层4a而仅由下述的基膜构成。
各膜1~4的基膜没有特别地限定，例如使用下述的基膜：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）、聚碳酸酯（PC）、丙烯酸树脂（PMMA）、环烯烃聚合物（COP）、聚丙烯（PP）、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯（PEN）、三醋酸纤维素（TAC）、聚酰亚胺（PI）等。各膜1~4的基膜可以全部是相同种类的材料，也可以是不同的材料。
粘接层5~7都是借助热硬化性粘接剂形成。热硬化性粘接剂优选为在常温下具有粘性的粘接剂。热硬化性粘接剂的种类没有特别地限定，但是优选地使用例如热硬化式光学透明粘接剂（OCA）。
热硬化性粘接剂也可以是在硬化后稍微具有粘弹性的粘接剂。存在下述的情况：在各膜1~4的相邻膜之间，存在微妙的成形性差异和热收缩性、线膨胀系数等物理性质差异。在这种情况下，若热硬化性粘接剂为具有粘弹性的粘接剂，则粘接层5~7成为缓冲体，能够吸收各膜1~4的成形性差异和物理性质差异。由此能够防止各膜1~4的剥离。
热硬化性粘接剂也可以是在硬化后具有刚性的粘接剂。在这种情况下，各膜1~4中发生的变形的相互作用借助粘接层5~7的刚性被隔绝，由此能够防止各膜1~4的剥离。
多层膜10通过在第一导电膜1、第二导电膜2、装饰膜3的正面侧分别涂敷粘接层5~7并将各膜1~4层叠而形成。此外，在导电膜1的背面侧，涂敷有适宜粘接面板部件11的接合剂1b。
触控面板的制造方法
接下来，就根据膜内嵌法的触控面板20的制造方法进行说明。触控面板20的制造方法如图4~图7所示，具有膜制作工序、膜成形工序、面板一体化工序，前述膜制作工序制作多层膜10，前述膜成形工序将多层膜10一边加热一边变形为三维形状，前述面板一体化工序将成形后的多层膜10配置于注射成形用的模具30中，向模具30内注射熔融树脂从而成形出面板部件11，并且将成形后的多层膜10与面板部件11一体化。
在未被图示的膜制作工序中，具有导电层1a、2a的导电膜1、2、具有装饰层3a的装饰膜3、具有保护层4a的保护膜4经由粘接层5~7进行层叠，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成。在膜制作工序结束的时刻，虽然粘接层5~7没有硬化，但是借助其粘性，各膜1~4被接合。在图2所示的多层膜10中，至少在与面板部件11的开口12相重叠的透光性区域15没有形成装饰层3a。也可以代替图2的方式，在多层膜10中在透光性区域15的一部分上形成装饰层3a。
在膜成形工序中，如图4所示，多层膜10在被加热的同时预备成形为三维形状。多层膜10的预备成形借助热压成形、真空成形、压空成形等进行。若借助膜成形工序中的加热使多层膜10的温度超过粘接层5~7的热硬化性粘接剂的硬化温度，则粘接层5~7会硬化。
接下来，如图5所示，将预备成形后的多层膜10以沿着注射成形用的模具30的一侧的成形模31的内表面的方式配置。如图6所示，若关闭模具30，则另一侧的成形模32的凸部33抵接到多层膜10，在凸部33的周围形成腔34。
然后，如图7所示，由浇口35向腔34注射熔融树脂从而成形出面板部件11，并且，三维形状的多层膜10与面板部件11被一体化。借助该面板一体化工序制造触控面板20。
像这样，借助膜成形工序中的多层膜10的加热，使粘接层5~7硬化。由此，能够在各膜1~4经由粘接层5~7而紧贴的状态下，将多层膜10成形为三维形状。由此，在多层膜10成形为三维形状时不容易发生成形变形，从而降低引起各膜1~4与粘接层5~7剥离的内部应力。其结果是，能够制造将稳定的三维形状的多层膜10与面板部件11一体化的触控面板20。另外，即使在粘接层5~7的硬化没有借助膜成形工序的加热而完成的情况下，由于在面板一体化工序中多层膜10被再次加热，所以能够完成粘接层5~7的硬化。
在膜成形工序中将多层膜10预备成形时，通常将多层膜10加热到60℃~100℃。因此，如果热硬化性粘接剂的硬化开始温度不同，那么会相应地产生不同的作用。
作为粘接层5~7的热硬化性粘接剂，能够使用例如在60℃以上开始硬化的粘接剂。在这种情况下，虽然在膜制作工序中粘接层5~7没有硬化，但是借助膜成形工序中预备成形时的加热，会使粘接层5~7的硬化开始。
热硬化性粘接剂也可以是在100℃以上开始硬化的粘接剂。在这种情况下，将膜成形工序中的多层膜10的加热温度设定为较高的区域，由此使粘接层5~7硬化。因此，在膜成形工序之前对多层膜10进行例如高压杀菌（灭菌）处理或退火处理的情况下，不会使粘接层5~7硬化，而在成形工序时才使粘接层5~7的硬化开始。另外，通过将膜成形工序中的加热温度设定得较低，能够在膜成形工序中抑制多层膜10的粘接层5~7的硬化的开始而在面板一体化工序中使粘接层5~7硬化。
热硬化性粘接剂也可以是在250℃以上开始硬化的粘接剂。在这种情况下，热硬化性粘接剂的硬化开始温度与膜成形工序中的预备成形时的加热温度相比更高温。因此在将多层膜10配置于模具30中时，粘接层5~7还没有硬化。由此在面板一体化工序中，即使预备成形后的多层膜10在相对于模具30存在间隙的状态下被配置，也能借助熔融树脂的注射压力将多层膜10矫正为模具30的形状，在该状态下多层膜10被熔融树脂加热，由此能够使粘接层5~7硬化。
触控面板的其他制造方法
如图8~图9所示，也可以将平板状的多层膜10插入模具30中，在模具30的内部进行多层膜10的成形。多层膜10一边被例如未被图示的热源加热一边沿着成形模31变形。然后，关闭模具30，由浇口35向腔34注射熔融树脂从而成形出面板部件11。由此制造将面板部件11一体化到三维形状的多层膜10上的触控面板20。
插入到模具30中的多层膜10也可以在借助关闭模具30时的推压力变形为至少一部分沿着模具30的形状之后，再借助熔融树脂进行注射成形。若这样则多层膜10受到熔融树脂的压力而变形，并且粘接层5~7被熔融树脂加热而硬化。
第二实施方式
在第二实施方式中，如图10~图11所示，在不具有开口的面板部件11的正面整个范围内层叠多层膜10从而构成触控面板21。面板部件11以及多层膜10一起形成三维形状。面板部件11由聚碳酸酯等透明的树脂构成，被构成为与多层膜10大致相同的形状。在图10所示的多层膜10中，在形成操作画面的透光性区域15没有形成装饰层3a。代替图10的方式，也可以在多层膜10中在透光性区域15的一部分上形成装饰层3a。能够根据与第一实施方式相同的制造方法制造触控面板21。
通过像这样将多层膜10和面板部件11层叠为相同形状，使触控面板21遍布整个面都能确保满足规格的稳定的强度。由此触控面板21的耐久性提高。另外虽未被图示，但触控面板21也可以使用不具有装饰层3a的多层膜10。在该情况下，能够将多层膜10的面整体作为触控面板21的操作画面使用。
其他的实施方式
（1）图12表示其他实施方式的触控面板22。在该触控面板22中，正面被形成为三维曲面形状，左右的端部13被折返为大致呈直角。另外，在触控面板22的正面侧具备能够进行按压操作的区划部14。在第一实施方式的触控面板20或者第二实施方式的触控面板21上也可以设置区划部14。
（2）在上述的各实施方式中，虽然表示了多层膜10具备导电膜1、2、装饰膜3、保护膜4的例子，但是也可以是不具备保护膜4的多层膜10。在这种情况下，多层膜10的最外层是装饰膜3，因此装饰膜3被兼用作保护膜。即，多层膜10的保护膜由装饰膜3构成。另外，多层膜10也可以不具备装饰膜3，而是由导电膜1、2、保护膜4构成。
（3）在多层膜10中，在导电膜1、2之间，为了调整触控面板20的灵敏度也可以层叠假膜。假膜由各膜1~4的基膜单体构成。即，假膜是不具有导电层1a、2a、装饰层3a、保护层4a的膜。另外，在导电膜1、2与保护膜4之间，可以仅层叠假膜也可以层叠假膜和装饰膜3两者。通过使用假膜，还可以容易地进行多层膜10的厚度调整。各膜（导电膜1、2、装饰膜3、保护膜4、假膜）都经由粘接层进行层叠，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成。
（4）多层膜10所具备的保护膜4、装饰膜3以及假膜可以分别具有多个。就设置有多个的同种膜而言，也是经由粘接层进行层叠，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成。
（5）在上述的各实施方式中，虽然表示了将触控面板20~22的正面设为三维曲面形状的例子，但是只要触控面板的正面为三维形状即可，也可以是曲面之外的形状。
（6）在上述的各实施方式中，表示了将导电层1a、2a形成于导电膜1、2的正面侧并将装饰层3a形成于装饰膜3的背面侧的例子。但是导电层1a、2a也可以形成于导电膜1、2的背面侧。另外，装饰层3a也可以形成于装饰膜3的正面侧。
（7）在上述的各实施方式中，虽然表示了利用膜内嵌法将多层膜10与面板部件11一体化的例子，但是也可以取代膜内嵌法而使用TOM工艺。

Claims (3)

1. 一种触控面板，其特征在于，具备面板部件和多层膜，前述多层膜接合于前述面板部件的正面，包括保护膜以及具有导电层的导电膜，
前述多层膜的各膜经由粘接层而被层叠，并且前述多层膜被成形为沿前述正面的三维形状，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成。
2. 如权利要求1所述的触控面板，其特征在于，前述保护膜是具有装饰层的装饰膜。
3. 一种触控面板的制造方法，其特征在于，具有膜制作工序、膜成形工序、面板一体化工序，
前述膜制作工序将保护膜以及具有导电层的导电膜经由粘接层进行层叠从而制作多层膜，前述粘接层由热硬化性粘接剂形成，
前述膜成形工序将前述多层膜加热，同时使前述多层膜变形为三维形状，
前述面板一体化工序将成形后的前述多层膜配置于注射成形用的模具中，向前述模具内注射熔融树脂从而成形出面板部件，并且，将前述多层膜和前述面板部件一体化。
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