CN106053760A - Debris flow source starting simulation apparatus based on combined action of surface flow scouring and rainfall - Google Patents
Debris flow source starting simulation apparatus based on combined action of surface flow scouring and rainfall Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a debris flow source starting simulation apparatus based on a combined action of surface flow scouring and rainfall. The debris flow source starting simulation apparatus comprises a water storage box, a rear water gathering apparatus, a rainfall apparatus, a frame-type support, a material box, a flow area, an accumulation area and a waste water collection apparatus, wherein the gradient of the fluid area is fixed by virtue of a rear-mounted frame-type support, the gradient of the material box can be fixed by adjusting the front-mounted frame-type support, and the flow area and the material box are connected by virtue of a hinge and elastic rubber. By virtue of a suspended elastic gridding rope, an accumulation state and characteristics of accumulation bodies can be observed in real time. The rear water gathering apparatus can realize the surface flow scouring by virtue of 7 to 10 bundled water streams and two water flow obstacles. The debris flow source starting simulation apparatus can simulate the starting, moving and accumulation situation of debris flow under the combined action of the surface flow scouring and the rainfall. By changing the gradients of the material box and the flow area, the starting mechanism of the debris flow under different gradients can be researched. By adopting the debris flow source starting simulation apparatus, the starting process of the debris flow under the combined action of the surface flow scouring and the rainfall can be actually simulated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mud-rock flow experimental provision, particularly a kind of washing away for surface current acts on down jointly with rainfall
, mud-rock flow thing source body suffers surface current to wash away mud-rock flow coefficient with rainfall and starts experimental provision.
Background technology
More and more to debris flows simulation experiment both at home and abroad, the most increasingly become more meticulous simultaneously.Mud-rock flow experiment includes indoor
Model experiment, site-models experiment and numerical simulation etc..In simulation experiment, rainfall be induction mud-rock flow start key because of
Element, the model of action of rainfall has two kinds, and one is direct rainfall, and one is to conflux to wash away.In experiment, rear charge for remittance washes away work
By the indispensable part of always physical simulation experiment, the most truly simulate the effect that rear charge for remittance washes away and be always mudstone
The difficult point of stream physical model experiment.
At present, the device of simulation mud-rock flow rear charge for remittance is essentially duct type lumped scour, i.e. arranges at model casing rear
Relatively extra heavy pipe road, washes away thing source body in case.But, the analogy method of duct type rear charge for remittance artificially determines the body punching of thing source
The position of brush ditch, reduce thing source body is washed away area, adds and be washed stress suffered by the soil body, causes stress to concentrate existing
As, and duct type rear charge for remittance sphere of action does not covers thing source body soil at both sides.Therefore, charge for remittance non-uniform phenomenon in rear is straight
Connect and affect result of the test, the erroneous judgement of the phenomenon such as scale causing Critical Rainfall, moisture content, pore water pressure and debris flow gully,
And then have influence on prediction and the early warning of mud-rock flow.Therefore, a kind of surface current charge for remittance device of invention, washes away common with rainfall by surface current
The mode of effect applies flow action, can more truly simulate startup and the generating process of mud-rock flow.And up to the present, still
Do not have laboratory can simulate the effect that surface current washes away, especially even slope surface current and wash away the common effect with rainfall.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of easy and simple to handle, cheap, can effectively simulate uniform surface current and wash away and jointly make with rainfall
Mud-rock flow under with starts experimental provision.The present invention can simulate different gradient, different rainfall intensity and different rears gathering ground
The startup of mud-rock flow under stream souring, migration and banking process, simultaneously by detachable latticed elastic threads, can be real-time
The transport conditions in monitoring accumulation area thing source.
The present invention includes:
Storage tank, provides water source and hydraulic pressure for the thing source uniform surface current of body and rainfall；
Body feed tank, is used for holding mud-rock flow thing source body, and described body feed tank has certain altitude relative to datum level；
Circulation Area, one end is connected with body feed tank, and the other end is connected with accumulation area；
Accumulation area, is positioned on datum level, connects with Circulation Area；
Rear charge for remittance device, starts for mud-rock flow and provides uniform surface current；
Rainer, starts for mud-rock flow and provides vaporific uniform rainfall；
Waste water collection device, by experimentation, the waste water flowing through accumulation area is collected；
Frame-type support, including prefix type steel bracket and postposition type steel bracket, prefix type steel bracket be rear charge for remittance device and
Body feed tank provides and supports, and postposition type steel bracket is body feed tank, Circulation Area and rainer provide and support, body feed tank and Circulation Area
The gradient can be adjusted by frame-type support；Prefix type steel bracket and postposition type steel bracket have fixed pulley.
Described storage tank is PE water tank, and equipped with self priming pump on water tank, the water inlet of self priming pump is positioned in storage tank, self-priming
The outlet of pump connects with PVC feed pipe and PVC pipeline；Self priming pump rearward charge for remittance device and described rainer supply water；
Described body feed tank is by the lucite of both sides, steel plate forms bottom first, and bottom first, steel plate is through ball blast
Process, to increase bottom friction power.
Described rear charge for remittance device is by charge for remittance valve, charge for remittance effusion meter, PVC pipeline, 6-10 charge for remittance apopore, PVC
Plate and twice current barrier composition.
Described accumulation area is made up of elastic mesh rope and accumulation area box-type device, and elastic mesh rope is positioned at accumulation area box
On device, accumulation area box-type device is formed by Plate Welding, and accumulation area box-type device surface is in Shot Blasting, accumulation area
End connects with the outlet of Circulation Area, and accumulation area lower end arranges two drainage pipelines.Accumulation area top setting × grid, mesh spacing
Mm, grid is alternately formed by connecting by elastic mesh rope, and elastic mesh rope both sides are provided with hook, convenient dismounting.Set above accumulation area
Putting photographing unit, the afterbody of accumulation area arranges video camera；
Described rainer is made up of rainfall water supply valve, rainfall effusion meter, PVC feed pipe and rainfall shower nozzle, PVC
Feed pipe connects with self priming pump outlet, and it is anterior that rainfall water supply valve, rainfall effusion meter are arranged on PVC feed pipe, PVC feed pipe
Afterbody some rainfall shower nozzles are installed, rainfall shower nozzle is positioned on body feed tank,
Described Circulation Area is made up of steel plate bottom Circulation Area lucite and second, and bottom second, the both sides of steel plate set
Putting Circulation Area lucite, bottom second, steel plate is connected by steel plate bottom hinge and the first of body feed tank.
Thered is provided water source by storage tank, the planar current of thing source body charge for remittance device and rainfall shower nozzle in the wings in body feed tank and
Under the effect of rainfall, forming the mud-rock flow fluid of experiment, mud-rock flow fluid, through Circulation Area, enters accumulation area box-type device,
Excessive water stream is discharged in waste water collection device by drainage pipeline.
Body feed tank angle of regulation range is 0～25 °.
Circulation Area regulates the gradient by the port of export height of body feed tank, and the range of grade of Circulation Area is 0～40 °.
Elastic mesh rope two ends can buckle in steel plate hole, and after experiment terminates, elastic mesh rope is detachable, does not affect accumulation
The measurement of body and cleaning.
Operating process of the present invention is as follows:
1) according to field investigation and Google Maps, determine study area area, by inquiry hydrological data, obtain the sudden and violent of simulation
Rain operating mode, further according to drainage area and raininess, calculates rear charge for remittance flow.
2) choose more typical thing source body in debris flow gully, open animal sources body as what plan was simulated, this thing source body is entered
Row screening, determines the ratio of each grating, and according to etc. mass substitution method, determine thing source body grating needed for experiment porch.
3) according to the landform residing for the body of thing source and the gradient, the height that the cross bar of postposition type steel bracket supports is adjusted,
The gradient to Circulation Area.Support by adjusting the cross bar of prefix type steel bracket, get final product the gradient of fixture hopper.
4) by fixed pulley, thing source body is uniformly positioned in body feed tank, water cut meter and pore water pressure are installed simultaneously
Meter, and carry out compactness inspection, same or like with on-the-spot thing source degree of compaction to ensure the degree of compaction in analogies source.
5) storage tank is filled water, install the elastic threads grid of accumulation area, open photographing unit and video camera.
6) by self priming pump water supply start, according to above-mentioned design raininess and rear charge for remittance flow, rainfall water supply valve, root are adjusted
Control rainfall intensity well according to rainfall effusion meter, adjust charge for remittance valve and charge for remittance effusion meter, uniform surface current can be realized and wash away and mist
Carry out while shape rainfall.By the washing away and start feature of mud-rock flow in Perspex body feed tank.Had by Circulation Area
Machine glass, the carrying feature of debris flow body in observable Circulation Area, by elastic threads grid lines, observe the heap of accumulation area mud-rock flow
Long-pending feature, and length, width and the rhythm variation characteristic of Debris Flow Deposition body is made a record.
7) when rainfall and rear charge for remittance reach the analogue value, sluice is closed.And carry out collection and the writing task of data.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, model experiment platform has the features such as cheap, easy to operate, scale is moderate, stepwise adjustable.This experiment is put down
Platform assembly and disassembly are easy, and by stagewise regulation material district and the gradient of Circulation Area, can simulate the different terrain gradient pair
The impact of mud-rock flow；
2, by the rear charge for remittance device of autonomous Design, the purpose of uniform surface current rear charge for remittance can be reached, it is to avoid concentrate
Thing source body is washed away by current, artificial increased water flow souring, thus causes the phenomenon that analog result does not conforms to the actual conditions；
3, the unsettled layout of accumulation area grid, the advantage such as have that observability is strong, dismounting is simple and draining is convenient.Avoid
Grid division on ground, grid is often flooded by the covering of material and muddy current, cannot observe the phenomenon of ground grid at all.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the rear charge for remittance device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the frame-type support schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the present invention includes:
Storage tank 1, provides water source and hydraulic pressure for the thing source uniform surface current of body and rainfall；
Body feed tank 13, is used for holding mud-rock flow thing source body, and described body feed tank 13 has certain altitude relative to datum level；
Circulation Area 15, one end is connected with body feed tank 13, and the other end is connected with accumulation area A；
Accumulation area A, is positioned on datum level, connects with Circulation Area 15；
Rear charge for remittance device 7, starts for mud-rock flow and provides uniform surface current；
Rainer B, starts for mud-rock flow and provides vaporific uniform rainfall；
Waste water collection device 21, by experimentation, the waste water flowing through accumulation area A is collected；
Frame-type support C, including prefix type steel bracket 10 and postposition type steel bracket 12, prefix type steel bracket 10 is rear charge for remittance
Device 7 and body feed tank 13 provide and support, and postposition type steel bracket 12 is body feed tank 13, Circulation Area 15 and rainer B provide and support,
The gradient of body feed tank 13 and Circulation Area 15 can be adjusted by frame-type support C；Prefix type steel bracket 10 and postposition type steel bracket
12 have fixed pulley 28.
Described storage tank 1 is PE water tank, and equipped with self priming pump 2 on water tank, the water inlet of self priming pump 2 is positioned in storage tank 1,
The outlet of self priming pump 2 connects with PVC feed pipe 5 and PVC pipeline 27；Self priming pump 2 rearward charge for remittance device 7 and described rainfall
Device B supplies water；
Described body feed tank 13 is made up of steel plate 26 bottom the lucite 25, first of both sides, steel plate 26 bottom first
Through Shot Blasting, to increase bottom friction power.
Described rear charge for remittance device 7 is by charge for remittance valve 23, charge for remittance effusion meter 24, PVC pipeline 27,6-10 charge for remittance water outlet
Hole 6, PVC board 9 and twice current barrier 8 form.
Described accumulation area A is made up of elastic mesh rope 17 and accumulation area box-type device 18, and elastic mesh rope 17 is positioned at heap
On long-pending district box-type device 18, accumulation area box-type device 18 is formed by Plate Welding, and accumulation area box-type device 18 surface is through throwing
Ball processes, and accumulation area A upper end connects with the outlet of Circulation Area 15, and accumulation area A lower end arranges two drainage pipelines 20.Accumulation area A
Top arranges 5 × 7 grids, mesh spacing 300mm, and grid is alternately formed by connecting by elastic mesh rope 17,17 liang of elastic mesh rope
Side is provided with hook, convenient dismounting.Accumulation area A is provided above photographing unit 16, and the afterbody of accumulation area A arranges video camera 19；
Described rainer B is by rainfall water supply valve 3, rainfall effusion meter 4, PVC feed pipe 5 and 11 groups of rainfall shower nozzle
Becoming, PVC feed pipe 5 connects with self priming pump 2 outlet, before rainfall water supply valve 3, rainfall effusion meter 4 are arranged on PVC feed pipe 5
Portion, the afterbody of PVC feed pipe 5 is provided with some rainfall shower nozzles 11, and rainfall shower nozzle 11 is positioned on body feed tank 13,
Described Circulation Area 15 is made up of steel plate 22 bottom Circulation Area lucite 14 and second, steel plate 22 bottom second
Both sides Circulation Area lucite 14 is set, bottom second, steel plate 22 is by steel plate 26 phase bottom hinge and the first of body feed tank 13
Even.
Water source is provided, the thing source body charge for remittance device 7 in the wings in body feed tank 13 and the planar of rainfall shower nozzle 11 by storage tank 1
Under the effect of current and rainfall, forming the mud-rock flow fluid of experiment, mud-rock flow fluid, through Circulation Area 15, enters accumulation area case
Type device 18, excessive water stream is discharged in waste water collection device 21 by drainage pipeline 20.
Body feed tank 13 angle of regulation range is 0～25 °.
Circulation Area 15 regulates the gradient by the port of export height of body feed tank 13, the range of grade of Circulation Area 15 be 0～
40°。
Elastic mesh rope 17 two ends can buckle in steel plate hole, and after experiment terminates, elastic mesh rope 17 is detachable, does not affects
The measurement of accumulation body and cleaning.
Operating process of the present invention is as follows:
1) according to field investigation and Google Maps, determine study area area, by inquiry hydrological data, obtain the sudden and violent of simulation
Rain operating mode, further according to drainage area and raininess, calculates rear charge for remittance flow.
2) choose more typical thing source body in debris flow gully, open animal sources body as what plan was simulated, this thing source body is entered
Row screening, determines the ratio of each grating, and according to etc. mass substitution method, determine thing source body grating needed for experiment porch.
3) according to the landform residing for the body of thing source and the gradient, the height that the cross bar of postposition type steel bracket 12 supports is adjusted,
Obtain the gradient of Circulation Area 15.Support by adjusting the cross bar of prefix type steel bracket 10, get final product the gradient of fixture hopper 13.
4) by fixed pulley 28, thing source body is uniformly positioned in body feed tank 13, water cut meter and pore water are installed simultaneously
Piezometer, and carry out compactness inspection, same or like with on-the-spot thing source degree of compaction to ensure the degree of compaction in analogies source.
5) storage tank 1 is filled water, install the elastic threads grid 17 of accumulation area A, open photographing unit 16 and video camera 19.
6) by self priming pump 2 water supply start, according to above-mentioned design raininess and rear charge for remittance flow, rainfall water supply valve is adjusted,
Control rainfall intensity well according to rainfall effusion meter 4, adjust charge for remittance valve 23 and charge for remittance effusion meter 24, the punching of uniform surface current can be realized
Carry out while brush and vaporific rainfall.Washing away and starting feature of mud-rock flow in body feed tank is observed by lucite 25.Pass through
Circulation Area lucite 14, the carrying feature of debris flow body in observable Circulation Area 15, by elastic threads grid lines 17, observe heap
The stacking characteristic of long-pending district mud-rock flow, and length, width and the rhythm variation characteristic of Debris Flow Deposition body is made a record.
7) when rainfall and rear charge for remittance reach the analogue value, sluice is closed.And carry out collection and the writing task of data.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is washed away mud-rock flow thing source coefficient with rainfall startup analog based on surface current, it is characterised in that: include
Have:
Storage tank (1), provides water source and hydraulic pressure for the thing source uniform surface current of body and rainfall；
Body feed tank (13), is used for holding mud-rock flow thing source body, and described body feed tank (13) has certain altitude relative to datum level；
Circulation Area (15), one end is connected with body feed tank (13), and the other end is connected with accumulation area (A)；
Accumulation area (A), is positioned on datum level, connects with Circulation Area (15)；
Rear charge for remittance device (7), starts for mud-rock flow and provides uniform surface current；
Rainer (B), starts for mud-rock flow and provides vaporific uniform rainfall；
Waste water collection device (21), by experimentation, the waste water flowing through accumulation area (A) is collected；
Frame-type support (C), including prefix type steel bracket (10) and postposition type steel bracket (12), prefix type steel bracket (10) is rear
Charge for remittance device (7) and body feed tank (13) provide and support, and postposition type steel bracket (12) is body feed tank (13), Circulation Area (15) and rainfall
Device (B) provides and supports, and the gradient of body feed tank (13) and Circulation Area (15) can be adjusted by frame-type support (C)；Prefix type
Steel bracket (10) and postposition type steel bracket (12) have fixed pulley (28)；
Described storage tank (1) is PE water tank, and equipped with self priming pump (2) on water tank, the water inlet of self priming pump (2) is positioned at storage tank
(1), in, the outlet of self priming pump (2) connects with PVC feed pipe (5) and PVC pipeline (27)；Self priming pump (2) rearward charge for remittance fills
Put (7) and described rainer (B) supplies water；
Described body feed tank (13) by the lucite (25) of both sides, steel plate (26) forms bottom first, steel plate bottom first
(26) through Shot Blasting, to increase bottom friction power.
Described rear charge for remittance device (7) is by charge for remittance valve (23), charge for remittance effusion meter (24), PVC pipeline (27), 6-10 charge for remittance
Apopore (6), PVC board (9) and twice current barrier (8) composition；
Described accumulation area (A) is made up of elastic mesh rope (17) and accumulation area box-type device (18), elastic mesh rope (17) position
On accumulation area box-type device (18), accumulation area box-type device (18) is formed by Plate Welding, accumulation area box-type device (18)
Surface is through Shot Blasting, and accumulation area (A) lower end arranges two drainage pipelines (20)；Accumulation area (A) is provided above photographing unit
(16), the afterbody of accumulation area (A) arranges video camera (19)；
Described rainer (B) is by rainfall water supply valve (3), rainfall effusion meter (4), PVC feed pipe (5) and rainfall shower nozzle
(11) composition, PVC feed pipe (5) connects with self priming pump (2) outlet, and rainfall water supply valve (3), rainfall effusion meter (4) are arranged
Anterior at PVC feed pipe (5), the afterbody of PVC feed pipe (5) is provided with some rainfall shower nozzles (11), and rainfall shower nozzle (11) is positioned at
On body feed tank (13)；
Described Circulation Area (15) is made up of steel plate (22) bottom Circulation Area lucite (14) and second, steel plate bottom second
(22) both sides arrange Circulation Area lucite (14), and bottom second, steel plate (22) is by first end of hinge with body feed tank (13)
Portion's steel plate (26) is connected.
One the most according to claim 1 is washed away mud-rock flow thing source coefficient with rainfall based on surface current and is started simulation dress
Put, it is characterised in that: described body feed tank (13) angle of regulation range is 0～25 °.
One the most according to claim 1 is washed away mud-rock flow thing source coefficient with rainfall based on surface current and is started simulation dress
Put, it is characterised in that: Circulation Area (15) regulate the gradient, the gradient of Circulation Area (15) by the port of export height of body feed tank (13)
Scope is 0～40 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610504714.5A CN106053760B (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | It is washed away and the coefficient mud-rock flow material resource starting simulator of rainfall based on surface current |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610504714.5A CN106053760B (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | It is washed away and the coefficient mud-rock flow material resource starting simulator of rainfall based on surface current |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106053760B CN106053760B (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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