CN102147325A - Experimental apparatus for non-constant debris flow - Google Patents
Experimental apparatus for non-constant debris flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN102147325A CN102147325A CN2011100479949A CN201110047994A CN102147325A CN 102147325 A CN102147325 A CN 102147325A CN 2011100479949 A CN2011100479949 A CN 2011100479949A CN 201110047994 A CN201110047994 A CN 201110047994A CN 102147325 A CN102147325 A CN 102147325A
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- rubble flow
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- experimental provision
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000008866 Ziziphus nummularia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental apparatus for a non-constant debris flow. The experimental apparatus comprises a water storage tank, a hopper placed with debris, a frame for installing the hopper, a tank which is obliquely arranged and has an adjustable oblique angle, and an aggregate pool for accommodating the materials from the tank, wherein the inlet of the tank is higher than the outlet of the tank, the water outlet of the water storage tank is connected with the inlet of the tank, the water in the water storage tank and the debris in the hopper converge at the inlet of the tank to form the experimental debris flow fluid; then the debris flow fluid flows into the aggregate pool along the tank; and the bottom plate of the tank is provided with a pressure sensor, and the side plates of the tank are transparent. The invention has the advantages that: the experimental apparatus is simple in operation and can be used for effectively studying the movement characteristics of the non-constant debris flow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rubble flow experimental provision, particularly a kind of experimental provision that is used to study non-constant rubble flow.
Technical background
China is man of mountain country more than, and the mountain region area accounts for 70% of area.According to statistics, China's debris flow gully reaches more than 8500, be in the world rubble flow grow most, distribute the widest, quantity at most, one of the most serious country of harm.Serious typical rubble flow area is then broken out frequently, is endangered in preceding mountain zone, the Qinling Mountains, Wild jujube in Taihang Mountain Area, Beijing Xishan area, the western regions of the Yunnan Province and the Dian Dongbei of Tianshan Mountains, the Qilian mountains, Kun Lun Mountain, western Sichuan mountain area especially.As drainage area more than 3000 square kilometre Xiao Jiang basin, northeast, Yunnan only, breaking out the rubble flow total degree every year is 500～1000 gusts times, and indivedual times can reach two, 3,000 gusts times.Rubble flow a large amount of hard rock boulders of having carried under one's arms can reach very high flow velocity sometimes, and institute has great destructive power through part.Mudstone flows out after the valley, and the material of being carried under one's arms forms large-area accumulation fan, farmland, silt buried channel mouth villages and small towns by a stream in front and a hill at the back, and the road that destroys by rush of water, bridge and hydraulic structure, even stop up rivers, and form dangerous shoal and dam break flood, the downstream is constituted a serious threat.
The motion of natural rubble flow is a kind of unsteady flow, and each motion key element with spatial position change but also variation in time, is a kind of solid-liquid two-phase non-Newtonian fluid of pushing ahead with the kinematic wave form not only.Therefore, can not study the experimental provision of the kinetic characteristic of non-constant rubble flow now effectively.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of easy and simple to handlely, can study the non-constant rubble flow experimental provision of the kinetic characteristic of non-constant rubble flow effectively.
Non-constant rubble flow experimental provision, comprise reserve tank, be contained with the hopper of earth and stone material, lay the frame of hopper, be obliquely installed and cell body that the pitch angle is adjustable and the pond that gathers materials of accepting the cell body supplied materials, the import of described cell body is higher than outlet, and the water delivering orifice of described reserve tank is connected with the import of described cell body, earth and stone material in the water of described reserve tank and the hopper converges, forms the rubble flow fluid of experiment usefulness in described cell body inflow point, and described rubble flow fluid gathers materials along the cell body inflow in the pond;
The base plate of described cell body is provided with pressure transducer, and the side plate of described cell body is transparent.
Further, the water inlet pipe of described reserve tank is provided with electromagnetic flowmeter, and the water inlet of described reserve tank is the cylinder grating type.
Further, the water exit end of described reserve tank is the reducer of a rectangular cross section, the upstream extremity of described water exit end is provided with flowrate control valve, the downstream end of described water exit end is provided with insertion plate door, described insertion plate door and screw rod are affixed, and it is affixed with the rotating disk of drive screw lifting that described nut and can be stirred the nut rotation.
Further, be provided with the support of carrying reserve tank casing bottom the described reserve tank.
Further, the discharging opening place of described hopper is obliquely installed guide plate, and described guide plate and described hopper are hinged, and described frame is provided with scaleplate, the free end of described guide plate is set up on the described scaleplate, the aperture of the corresponding guide plate of the scale on the described scaleplate.
Further, the described pond that gathers materials comprises the rubble flow pond of collecting the earth and stone material in the rubble flow fluid and is arranged in around the described rubble flow pond, is used to discharge the backwater ditch of the water of rubble flow fluid.
Further, the entrance point of described cell body and endpiece are connected with separately elevating mechanism respectively, and described elevating mechanism is one to be installed on the pulley blocks on the frame, and rope one end hook in the pulley blocks is hung on the described cell body, and the other end of rope is the force side.
Further, described frame is connected with a cat ladder, and cat ladder is resisted against described frame and reserve tank.
Further, described pressure transducer is a piezoeletric quartz sensor, and described flowrate control valve is circular butterfly valve.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: during experiment, water in the reserve tank is in water delivering orifice flows into cell body, earth and stone material in the hopper is in guide plate enters cell body, the water and soil building stones meet, form the rubble flow fluid of experiment usefulness in the inflow point of cell body, fluid flows, touches the pressure transducer that is installed on the cell body base plate midway along cell body, pressure transducer is with the pressure output of sensing, so that experimental observation.The rubble flow fluid enters in the pond that gathers materials through the outlet of cell body, and earth and stone material enters in the rubble flow pond, and water then discharges through the backwater ditch.
Cell body is the long 6.0m that is, wide is 35cm, and height is the rectangular parallelepiped of 40cm, and the cell body both sides are organic glass, are convenient to the observation of instruments such as high-speed camera, thereby the flow field of research rubble flow changes.The base plate of cell body is moulded plate by steel plate and ash and is formed, ash is moulded plate and is positioned on the steel plate, two row pressure electric crystal sensors are housed on the base plate, when the rubble flow wave head is flowed through piezoeletric quartz sensor, can produce pressure waveform, in the output triggered time, can calculate the speed of rubble flow wave head according to the mistiming of front and back sensor.Cell body entrance point and endpiece all are equipped with jacking gear, can regulate the angle of inclination of cell body, and the change slope scope of cell body is 0 °～30 °.
The present invention has easy and simple to handle, can study the advantage of the kinetic characteristic of non-constant rubble flow effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an A-A diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a B-B diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a C-C diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a D-D diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an E-E diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a F-F diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, further specify the present invention:
Non-constant rubble flow experimental provision, comprise reserve tank 1, be contained with the hopper 2 of earth and stone material, lay the frame of hopper, the cell body 3 and the pond 4 that gathers materials, the import 31 of described cell body 3 is higher than outlet 32, and the water delivering orifice 11 of described reserve tank 1 is connected with the import 31 of described cell body 3, earth and stone material in the water of described reserve tank 1 and the hopper 2 converges, forms the rubble flow fluid of experiment usefulness in described cell body 3 inflow points, and described rubble flow fluid gathers materials along cell body 3 inflows in the pond 4;
The base plate of described cell body 3 is provided with pressure transducer 5, and the side plate of described cell body 3 is transparent.
The water inlet pipe 11 of described reserve tank 1 is provided with electromagnetic flowmeter 6, and the water inlet 11 of described reserve tank 1 is the cylinder grating type.
The water exit end 12 of described reserve tank 1 is a rectangular cross section reducer, the upstream extremity of described water exit end 12 is provided with flowrate control valve, the downstream end of described water exit end 12 is provided with insertion plate door, described insertion plate door and screw rod are affixed, and it is affixed with the rotating disk of drive screw lifting that described nut and can be stirred the nut rotation.
The bottom of described reserve tank 1 is provided with the support of carrying reserve tank casing.
The discharging opening place of described hopper 2 is obliquely installed guide plate 21, described guide plate 21 and described hopper 2 are hinged, described frame is provided with scaleplate 22, and the free end of described guide plate 21 is set up on the described scaleplate 22, the aperture of the corresponding guide plate 21 of the scale on the described scaleplate 22.
The described pond 4 that gathers materials comprises the rubble flow pond of collecting the earth and stone material in the rubble flow fluid and is arranged in around the described rubble flow pond, is used to discharge the backwater ditch of the water of rubble flow fluid.
The entrance point 31 of described cell body 3 and endpiece 32 all are connected with separately elevating mechanism 8, described elevating mechanism 8 is one to be installed on the pulley blocks on the frame, rope one end hook in the pulley blocks is hung on the entrance point of described cell body, and the other end of rope is the force side.
Described frame is connected with a cat ladder 9, and cat ladder 9 is resisted against described frame and reserve tank 1.
Described pressure transducer 5 is a piezoeletric quartz sensor, and described flowrate control valve 7 is circular butterfly valve.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: during experiment, water in the reserve tank is in water delivering orifice flows into cell body, earth and stone material in the hopper is in guide plate enters cell body, the water and soil building stones meet, form the rubble flow fluid of experiment usefulness in the inflow point of cell body, fluid flows, touches the pressure transducer that is installed on the cell body base plate midway along cell body, pressure transducer is with the pressure output of sensing, so that experimental observation.The rubble flow fluid enters in the pond that gathers materials through the outlet of cell body, and earth and stone material enters in the rubble flow pond, and water then discharges through the backwater ditch.
Cell body is the long 6.0m that is, wide is 35cm, and height is the rectangular parallelepiped of 40cm, and the cell body both sides are organic glass, are convenient to the observation of instruments such as high-speed camera, thereby the flow field of research rubble flow changes.The base plate of cell body is moulded plate by steel plate and ash and is formed, ash is moulded plate and is positioned on the steel plate, two row pressure electric crystal sensors are housed on the base plate, when the rubble flow wave head is flowed through piezoeletric quartz sensor, can produce pressure waveform, in the output triggered time, can calculate the speed of rubble flow wave head according to the mistiming of front and back sensor.Cell body is equipped with jacking gear, can regulates the angle of inclination of cell body, and the change slope scope of cell body is 0 °～30 °.
The described content of this instructions embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (9)
1. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision, comprise reserve tank, be contained with the hopper of earth and stone material, lay the frame of hopper, be obliquely installed and cell body that the pitch angle is adjustable and the pond that gathers materials of accepting the cell body supplied materials, the import of described cell body is higher than outlet, the water delivering orifice of described reserve tank is connected with the import of described cell body, earth and stone material in the water of described reserve tank and the hopper converges, forms the rubble flow fluid of experiment usefulness in described cell body inflow point, and described rubble flow fluid gathers materials along the cell body inflow in the pond;
The base plate of described cell body is provided with pressure transducer, and the side plate of described cell body is transparent.
2. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the water inlet pipe of described reserve tank is provided with electromagnetic flowmeter, and the water inlet of described reserve tank is the cylinder grating type.
3. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the water exit end of described reserve tank is the reducer of a rectangular cross section, the upstream extremity of described water exit end is provided with flowrate control valve, the downstream end of described water exit end is provided with insertion plate door, described insertion plate door and screw rod are affixed, and it is affixed with the rotating disk of drive screw lifting that described nut and can be stirred the nut rotation.
4. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described reserve tank bottom is provided with the support of carrying reserve tank casing.
5. as the described non-constant rubble flow experimental provision of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the discharging opening place of described hopper is obliquely installed guide plate, described guide plate and described hopper are hinged, described frame is provided with scaleplate, the free end of described guide plate is set up on the described scaleplate, the aperture of the corresponding guide plate of the scale on the described scaleplate.
6. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the described pond that gathers materials comprises the rubble flow pond of collecting the earth and stone material in the rubble flow fluid and is arranged in around the described rubble flow pond, is used to discharge the backwater ditch of the water of rubble flow fluid.
7. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the entrance point of described cell body and endpiece are connected with separately elevating mechanism respectively, described elevating mechanism is one to be installed on the pulley blocks on the frame, rope one end hook in the pulley blocks is hung on the described cell body, and the other end of rope is the force side.
8. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described frame is connected with a cat ladder, and cat ladder is resisted against described frame and reserve tank.
9. non-constant rubble flow experimental provision as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described pressure transducer is a piezoeletric quartz sensor, and described flowrate control valve is circular butterfly valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110047994A CN102147325B (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | Experimental apparatus for non-constant debris flow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110047994A CN102147325B (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | Experimental apparatus for non-constant debris flow |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102147325A true CN102147325A (en) | 2011-08-10 |
| CN102147325B CN102147325B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110047994A Expired - Fee Related CN102147325B (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | Experimental apparatus for non-constant debris flow |
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| CN103823044A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-05-28 | 东北大学 | Adjustable multifunctional debris flow migration stacking testing device and application method thereof |
| CN105004508A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Mud-rock flow along-the-way evolution test measurement system and parameter measuring method thereof |
| CN105137034A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Debris-flow physical model experiment system and debris-flow simulation assembly thereof |
| CN105510557A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 西南石油大学 | Debris flow simulation test device and test method capable of adjusting and controlling hazard-cause factors |
| CN105527405A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-27 | 西南石油大学 | Physical simulation test device and method for convergence of debris flows into rivers |
| CN105699628A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-22 | 吉林大学 | Simulation test system integrating start, migration and accumulation of debris flow |
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2011
- 2011-02-28 CN CN201110047994A patent/CN102147325B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN103823044A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-05-28 | 东北大学 | Adjustable multifunctional debris flow migration stacking testing device and application method thereof |
| CN103823044B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-04-27 | 东北大学 | Test unit and using method thereof are piled up in a kind of Multifunctional adjustable clastic flow migration |
| CN105004508A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Mud-rock flow along-the-way evolution test measurement system and parameter measuring method thereof |
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| CN102147325B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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