CN105841920A - Riverbed bed load vertical section separating model test device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Riverbed bed load vertical section separating model test device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105841920A CN105841920A CN201610170503.2A CN201610170503A CN105841920A CN 105841920 A CN105841920 A CN 105841920A CN 201610170503 A CN201610170503 A CN 201610170503A CN 105841920 A CN105841920 A CN 105841920A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
Abstract
The invention discloses a riverbed bed load vertical section separating model test device and a use method thereof. The device comprises an external cuboid water tank whose top is provided with an opening; the external water tank is provided with an internal water tank therein; the bottom of the external water tank is provided with a long support and a short support; the upper side of the long support and the short support is provided with a conveyer belt; the internal water tank is placed on the conveyor belt; the internal cuboid water tank is provided with multiple transparent glass marbles with 2 to 3 kinds of different particle sizes therein; the top of the external water tank is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom is provided with a water outlet; the top of the internal water tank is provided with an internal water tank water inlet which passes through the external water tank sidewall; one side surface of the external water tank is provided with a laser and a reflector, and the other side surface is provided with an automatic digital camera which can regularly photograph the laser scanning surface at certain frequency. By means of the device and the method, the problem of failure in long time scale bed load motion simulation due to length limitation of indoor water tank in common indoor long water tank bed load vertical section separating test devices.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to river dynamics and Bed Load Movement basic research field, particularly to bed load vertical cross section
Sorting model test apparatus and using method thereof.It is primarily adapted for use in the technical fields such as grain sorting test such as river bed load,
And can be extended to the grain sorting research field of other solid-liquid two phase flows.
Background technology
In river dynamics research field, river bed cross section Characteristics of Vertical Distribution is that sediment transport is theoretical, bed configuration is ground
Study carefully, the important foundation of river engineering detail design and key element.Bed load vertically sort model test be understand with
Grasp one of the most effective of riverbed vertical cross section feature in river course and most important means；The most conventional bed load is vertical
Section screening test device realizes often by interior length flume test.Due to the length limitation by indoor water tank,
Conventional flume test device is only capable of the sectional distribution after simulating the Bed Load Movement in moment or short time, it is impossible to have
Effect simulation bed load vertical cross section variation characteristic of prolonged exercise in river course, and cannot be carried out real-time tunneling boring sight
Survey, it is impossible to carry out long time scale Bed Load Movement simulation.Therefore, seek a kind of visual bed load to transport for a long time
During Dong, the model test apparatus of vertical cross section sorting, is the directions that lay siege to of engineers and technicians, is also to passage
The matter characteristics of motion and the essential condition of river bed cross section forming process research.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of bed load vertical cross section
Sorting model test apparatus and using method thereof, solve the long tank of conventional chambers and carry out bed load vertical cross section screening test
In device, the problem that long time scale Bed Load Movement simulation can not be carried out due to the length limitation by indoor water tank.
Technical scheme: for solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention includes the external tank of open-topped cuboid, cuboid
Being provided with the built-in tank of open-topped cuboid in external tank, the external bottom of gullet of cuboid is provided with long stent and short
Support, long stent and short support are provided above the conveyer belt controlled by two conveyer belt rotating shafts, place above conveyer belt
Have the built-in tank of open-topped cuboid, the built-in tank of cuboid be internally provided with several 2～3 kind of particle diameter inconsistent
Clear glass ball；External sink top is provided with the outlet being provided with band valve bottom the water inlet of band valve, built-in water
Groove top is provided through the built-in tank water inlet of external basin sidewall, and built-in tank water inlet passes through Valve controlling；Outward
Put the relatively wide side of tank be provided with the side of laser device relative narrower be provided with laser device scanning plane can be carried out fixed
Time, determine the automatic digital camera that frequency is taken pictures, laser device homonymy is provided with and adjusts the laser device vertical section of scanning glass ball
Illuminator.The present invention utilizes the relative motion principle rotating conveyer belt with static current, and inverse analog static state riverbed is with dynamic
Bed load Interaction between particles relation in water movement, and the granule vertical cross section Changing Pattern relevant to time scale,
A kind of indoor bed load sorting visible model testing device based on riverbed with current relative motion principle is provided, with
Different-grain diameter granule vertical profile in the vertical cross section of observation bed load long time scale.By foreign minister in utilizing
Embedding tank, conveyer belt, support and lift valve, laser device, the model test apparatus of automatic digital camera composition, visualization
, in real time monitoring bed load vertical cross section different-grain diameter Interaction between particles and time size distribution rule.
Further, described long stent is provided with the lift valve of scalable long stent height.Can be free by lift valve
The height of regulation upper bracket, thus adjust the most built-in tank of conveyer belt and external tank bottom surface angulation further, therefore
Can preferably simulate the motor process of bed load in true environment.
Further, described external tank and built-in tank are transparent organic glass or transparent toughened glass is made, external
Tank width is 35cm～45cm, a length of 150cm～200cm, height be 80～120cm, wall thickness be 1cm～
2cm, the sidewall of external tank relative narrower is provided above the water inlet by Valve controlling, at the bottom of water inlet opposite side wall
Portion is provided with the outlet of Valve controlling；Built-in tank width is 15cm～25cm, a length of 100cm～150cm,
Be highly 30～40cm, wall thickness be 1cm～2cm, wherein between the built-in basin sidewall in one end and external basin sidewall between
Away from for 20cm～30cm, the spacing between the built-in basin sidewall of the other end and external basin sidewall is 10cm～15cm,
Built-in bottom of gullet and flat face and non-tight on conveyer belt.Certain by arranging between built-in tank and external tank
Distance values can not only prevent built-in tank in experimentation from contacting with external tank, more can be in simulating reality environment
The relative motion of bed load bottom riverbed.Described water inlet and outlet are plastic cement or aluminum material is made, a diameter of
4cm～6cm, water inlet and outlet install current meter at valve, the design feed water flow of built-in tank and external tank
Speed is 0～0.1m3/ s, external tank Water discharge flow speed is 0～0.2m3/s.Flow rate of water flow is controlled, more preferably by effusion meter
Reduction real life in the current nowed forming in riverbed so that the verity of experiment is higher, it is thus achieved that experimental data more
There is reference value more accurate.
Further, described clear glass ball is that transparent organic glass is made, and diameter range is the spherical of 1mm～20mm.
Further, described conveyer belt is aluminum or plastic material is made, and described conveyer belt rotating shaft is rustless steel or aluminum system
Become, conveyer belt shaft diameter is 10cm～20cm, two rotating shaft center of circle spacing and built-in tank length be all mutually 100cm～
150cm, conveyer belt rotating shaft is driven by the motor of 3kW～6kW, and described motor is placed between conveyer belt two plane
Or conveyer belt rotating shaft is internal and connects, by water-proof wire, the external power source that voltage is 220V.
Further, the cylinder of 4cm～7cm that described long stent and short support are aluminum or stainless steel material is made or length
For 4cm～7cm, the cuboid of a width of 4cm～7cm, short support height is fixed as 20cm～30cm, on long stent
Lift valve is set and adjusts built-in tank angle of inclination by lift valve, long stent height adjustment range be 20cm～
100cm。
Further, described automatic digital camera, is fixed on external tank relative narrower lateral outer and camera lens is perpendicular to swash
Photoscanning face, filming frequency is that shooting per minute four shot one to every five minutes, and shooting timing is 5～2880 minutes,
Automatically digital camera is connected with computer storage, can automatically store photographed data to computer.
Further, the using method of bed load vertical cross section described above sorting model test apparatus, including following
Step:
Step one: with the shape and size of built-in tank and conveyer belt as foundation, scales in conjunction with bed load actual ratio, in advance
The clear glass ball of 1mm～5mm particle diameter processed, and selected 2～3 kind of clear glass spherolite footpath as simulation bed load material；
Step 2: long stent and short support are fixed on external bottom of gullet, conveyer belt and built-in tank are placed in and draw money on credit
On frame and short support；The height of long stent is changed lift valve on regulation long stent so that conveyer belt and interior
The angle of inclination putting tank reaches specified angle, and the most built-in tank angle of inclination adjusting range is 0～15 °；
Step 3: the clear glass ball of selected 2～3 kind of particle diameter is put in built-in tank；
Step 4: arranging laser device and illuminator in external tank side, opposite side arranges automatic digital camera, and regulates
The relative position of laser device, illuminator and automatically digital camera so that digital camera can photograph clear glass ball automatically
Cross section；
Step 5: the water inlet valve opening external tank carries out water filling so that built-in tank is whole to be immersed in the water；
Step 6: open laser device and automatic digital camera, the filming frequency adjusting automatic digital camera is shooting per minute
Shooting one for 4 to every 5 minutes, timing is 5～2880 minutes；
Step 7: conveyer belt is accessed power supply, opens built-in tank water inlet, built-in water after opening conveyer belt switch simultaneously
Groove water inlet water inlet flow velocity 0～0.1m3/ s, the velocity of rotation of regulation conveyer belt rotating shaft, control the rotation speed of conveyer belt rotating shaft
Degree scope is 0.5m/s～5m/s；When simulating flow velocity more than 5m/s, regulate external sink outlet valve, make external
Water level in tank keeps constant；
Step 8: the image information photographed based on observation, utilizes image processing software to obtain bed load vertical cross section
Different-grain diameter Interaction between particles, and time dependent distribution characteristics.
Wherein, concretely comprising the following steps of step 4: at external tank relatively wide side arrangement laser device and illuminator, adjust
The angles and positions that laser device and illuminator are placed, the scanning plane making laser device is that the clear glass ball within built-in tank cuts
Face；Outside external tank relative narrower side, arrange automatic digital camera, adjust automatic digital camera support height and phase
Machine angle so that it is camera lens is perpendicular to laser device scanning plane.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that
1, utilizing the relative motion principle rotating conveyer belt with static current, inverse analog static state riverbed is transported with dynamic current
Disorder of internal organs bed load Interaction between particles relation, and the granule vertical cross section Changing Pattern relevant to time scale, it is provided that one
Plant indoor bed load sorting visible model testing device based on riverbed with current relative motion principle, to observe river
Different-grain diameter granule vertical profile in the vertical cross section of bed bed load long time scale.By the embedding water of foreign minister in utilizing
Groove, conveyer belt, support and lift valve, laser device, the model test apparatus of automatic digital camera composition, visual,
Monitoring bed load vertical cross section different-grain diameter Interaction between particles and time size distribution rule in real time.
2, the present invention can be with visual Simulation different-grain diameter bed load, the granule vertical direction of prolonged exercise in river course
Sorting motion feature, effectively simulation bed load granule vertical cross section variation characteristic of prolonged exercise in river course, and carry out
Real-time monitored；To research riverbed vertical cross section particle distribution characteristics, correlation engineering design is instructed to have important reference value.
Meanwhile, assay device is simple to operate, it is easy to accomplish.
3, passing through, lift valve is set on upper bracket and can freely regulate the height of upper bracket, thus adjust transmission further
The most built-in tank of band and external tank bottom surface angulation, therefore, it is possible to preferably simulate bed load in true environment
Motor process.
4, pass through between built-in tank and external tank, arrange certain distance values can not only prevent in experimentation
Built-in tank contacts with external tank, more can the relative motion of bed load bottom riverbed in simulating reality environment.
5, effusion meter is set at water inlet and water outlet, controls flow rate of water flow by effusion meter, preferably reduce reality
The current nowed forming in riverbed in the life of border so that the verity of experiment is higher, it is thus achieved that experimental data have more reference price
It is worth more accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of assay device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of assay device of the present invention.
1, external tank, 2, built-in tank, 3, clear glass ball, 4, automatic digital camera, 5, conveyer belt rotating shaft,
6, outlet, 7, short support, 8, illuminator, 9, laser device, 10, long stent, 11, lift valve, 12, built-in
Tank water inlet, 13, electric power connection line, 14, water inlet, 15, conveyer belt.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings patent of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1: the bed load sorting rule experimental study under different channel gradients
With the shape and size of built-in tank 2 and conveyer belt 15 as foundation, scale in conjunction with bed load actual ratio, selected
Two kinds of clear glass ball 3 grain size specification, clear glass ball 3 diameter is respectively 1.5mm and 4mm, and prefabricated clear glass
Ball 3.Prefabricated external tank 1, external tank 1 is the bottom sealing of transparent toughened glass, the length of upper opening for material
Cube, width is 35cm, a length of 150cm, height are 1.5cm for 80cm, wall thickness.Prefabricated built-in tank 2, its
Material is transparent toughened glass, and its width is 15cm, a length of 100cm, height are the top of 1cm for 30cm, wall thickness
The cuboid of opening.The cylinder conveyer belt long stent 10 of prefabricated aluminum and short support 7, its diameter of section is 4cm, short
Support height is fixed as 20cm, and long stent 10 height adjustment range is 20cm～80cm.Being provided with on long stent 10 can
The lift valve 11 of regulation long stent 10 height.The height of upper bracket 10 can be freely regulated by lift valve 11, thus
Adjust that is built-in tank of conveyer belt 15 2 and external tank 1 bottom surface angulation further, therefore, it is possible to preferably simulate
The motor process of bed load in true environment.Assembling conveyer belt 15, conveyer belt 15 surface track material is that plastic cement is put down
Face, conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 material is aluminum, a diameter of 10cm of conveyer belt rotating shaft 5, and conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 center of circle spacing is with built-in
Tank 2 length is all 100cm mutually, power set be rated power be the motor of 5kW, be placed in upside conveyer belt turn
Axle 5 is internal, then connects, by electric power connection line 13, the external power source that voltage is 220V.
Conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7 are fixed on bottom external tank 1, assemble conveyer belt 15 and built-in tank
2, and be placed on long stent 10 and short support 7, it should be noted that built-in tank 2 and external tank 1 liang are narrow in installation process
Sidewall two ends respectively arrange 25cm spacing, and broad side walls two ends respectively arrange 10cm spacing.Battery of tests fixes long stent height
For 25cm, and according to long stent 10 and short support 7 difference in height and conveyer belt 15 length computation built-in tank 2 inclination angle.
Arrange laser device 9 at external tank 1 broad side surface, adjust laser device 9 angles and positions so that it is scan built-in tank 2 tail
The section of the clear glass ball 3 of side；At the external tank 1 automatic digital camera of narrow side arrangement 4, adjust the most digital phase
The height of machine 4 and angle, camera lens is perpendicular to laser device 9 scanning plane.Prefabricated clear glass ball 3 is put into built-in water
In groove 2, opening external tank water inlet 14 and valve carries out water filling, in making external tank 1, water level should cover built-in
Tank 2 overhead height.Conveyer belt 15 being accessed power supply, opens conveyer belt 15 and switch, regulation conveyer belt 15 rotates speed
Degree, speed controlling is 2m/s.Opening laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, laser device 9 scans built-in tank 2 afterbody
Section, automatic digital camera 4 filming frequency is shooting per minute 1, and camera shooting timing is 30 minutes.Observation river
Bed bed load vertical cross section different-grain diameter Interaction between particles and time dependent distribution characteristics.After shooting time terminates,
Close laser device 9, automatic digital camera 4 and conveyer belt 15, open external sink outlet 6 and water is discharged.
Second group of test, adjusts conveyer belt 15 long stent height to 30cm, and according to two stands difference in height and conveyer belt 15
The inclination angle of the built-in tank of length computation 2.The position of laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4 all keeps constant.By two kinds
The clear glass ball 3 of particle diameter takes out after being sufficiently mixed and is reentered into built-in tank 2.Water pump is utilized to be temporarily stored in water tank
Water is reintroduced back in external tank 1 by external tank water inlet 12, and keeps external tank 1 water level and first group of examination
Test identical.Open laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, conveyer belt 15 accessed power supply, opens conveyer belt 15 and switch,
Regulation conveyer belt 15 velocity of rotation, speed controlling is 2m/s.Open laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, laser device 9
Scanning built-in tank 2 afterbody section, automatic digital camera 4 filming frequency is shooting per minute 1, automatic digital camera
4 shooting timings are 30 minutes.After shooting time terminates, close laser device 9, automatic digital camera 4 and conveyer belt 15,
Open external sink outlet 6, water is discharged.
3rd group to the tenth battery of tests, respectively adjust conveyer belt long stent height to 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm,
55cm, 60cm, 65cm, 70cm, 75cm, other are with second group of test.
Embodiment 2: bed load time scale sorting rule experimental study
With the shape and size of built-in tank 2 and conveyer belt 15 as foundation, scale in conjunction with bed load actual ratio, selected 2
Planting clear glass ball 3 grain size specification, clear glass ball 3 diameter is respectively 1mm and 5mm, and prefabricated clear glass ball 3.
Prefabricated external tank 1, external tank 1 material is that (the present embodiment is transparent steel for transparent organic glass or transparent toughened glass
Change glass) bottom sealing, the cuboid of upper opening, width is 45cm, a length of 200cm, height for 100cm,
Wall thickness is 2cm.Prefabricated built-in tank 2, its material is transparent toughened glass, width is 25cm, a length of 150cm,
Highly for the cuboid of upper opening that 35cm, wall thickness are 1cm.Prefabricated Aluminum cylindrical body conveyer belt long stent 10 and short
Support 7, diameter of section is 5cm, and short support height is fixed as 20cm, and long stent height adjustment range is 20cm～80cm.
Purchasing and assemble conveyer belt 15, its surface track material is plastic cement, and conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 material is aluminum, conveyer belt rotating shaft 5
A diameter of 15cm, two conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 center of circle spacing are all 150cm mutually with built-in tank 2 length, and power set are volume
Determine the motor that power is 6kW, be placed in upside conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 internal, and connect voltage by electric power connection line 13
External power source for 220V.
Conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7 are fixed on bottom external tank 1, assemble conveyer belt 15 and built-in tank
2, and be placed on conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7, it should be noted that built-in tank 2 and external tank in installation process
1 liang narrow sidewall two ends respectively arrange 25cm spacing, and broad side walls two ends respectively arrange 10cm spacing.Long stent height is fixed as
45cm, and according to two long stents 10 and short support 7 difference in height and the inclination angle of the built-in tank of conveyer belt 15 length computation 2.
Arrange laser device 9 at external tank 1 broad side surface, adjust laser device 9 angles and positions so that it is scan built-in tank 2 tail
Clear glass ball 3 section of side；At the external tank 1 automatic digital camera of narrow side arrangement 4, adjust automatic digital camera
The height of 4 and angle, camera lens is perpendicular to laser device 9 scanning plane.Prefabricated clear glass ball 3 is put into built-in tank
In 2, opening external tank water inlet 14 and valve carries out water filling, in making external tank 1, water level covers built-in tank 2
Overhead height.Conveyer belt 15 is accessed power supply, opens conveyer belt 15 and switch, regulate conveyer belt 15 velocity of rotation, speed
Degree controls as 3m/s.Opening laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, laser device 9 scans built-in tank 2 afterbody section,
Automatically digital camera 4 filming frequency is shooting per minute 3, and the shooting timing of automatic digital camera 4 is 48 hours.See
Survey the bed load vertical cross section time dependent distribution characteristics of different-grain diameter granule.After shooting time terminates, close and swash
Light instrument 9, automatic digital camera 4 and conveyer belt 15, open external sink outlet 6, is discharged by water.
Embodiment 3: bed load sorting model investigation in mountain torrents
With the shape and size of built-in tank 2 and conveyer belt 15 as foundation, scale in conjunction with bed load actual ratio, selected 2
Planting clear glass ball 3 grain size specification, clear glass ball 3 diameter is respectively 1.5mm and 4mm, and prefabricated clear glass ball
3.Prefabricated external tank 1, external tank 1 is the bottom sealing of transparent toughened glass, the cuboid of upper opening for material,
Width is 35cm, a length of 150cm, height are 1.5cm for 80cm, wall thickness.Prefabricated built-in tank 2, its material is
Transparent toughened glass, the length that width is 15cm, a length of 100cm, height are upper opening that 30cm, wall thickness are 1cm
Cube.Prefabricated Aluminum cylindrical body conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7, its diameter of section 4cm, short support height is fixed
For 20cm, long stent height adjustment range is 20cm～80cm.Purchasing and assemble conveyer belt 15, track material is plastic cement
Plane, conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 material is aluminum, a diameter of 10cm of conveyer belt rotating shaft 5, two conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 center of circle spacing with
Built-in tank 2 length is all 100cm mutually, power set be rated power be the motor of 5kW, be placed in upside transmit
Band rotating shaft 5 is internal, and connects, by electric power connection line 13, the external power source that voltage is 220V.
Conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7 are fixed on bottom external tank 1, assemble conveyer belt 15 and built-in tank
2, and be placed on conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7, it should be noted that built-in tank 2 and external tank in installation process
1 liang narrow sidewall two ends respectively arrange 25cm spacing, and broad side walls two ends respectively arrange 10cm spacing.Long stent height is fixed as
65cm, and according to two stands difference in height and the inclination angle of the built-in tank of conveyer belt 15 length computation 2.At external tank 1
Broad side surface arranges laser device 9, adjusts laser device 9 angles and positions so that it is scan the clear glass of built-in tank 2 caudal
Ball 3 section；At the automatic digital camera in the external narrow side of tank 14, adjust height and the angle of automatic digital camera 4,
Camera lens is perpendicular to laser device 9 scanning plane.Prefabricated clear glass ball 3 is put into built-in tank 2, opens external water
Groove water inlet 14 and valve thereof carry out water filling, and in making external tank 1, water level covers built-in tank 2 overhead height.To pass
Sending band 15 access power supply, open conveyer belt 15 and switch, regulate conveyer belt 15 velocity of rotation, speed controlling is 5m/s.
Open built-in tank 2 water inlet, this water inlet water inlet flow velocity 0.05m3/ s, regulates external sink outlet valve 13, makes
Water level in external tank 1 keeps constant.Opening laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, laser device 9 scans built-in water
Groove 2 afterbody section, automatic digital camera 4 filming frequency is shooting per minute 4～one (this reality of shooting in every 5 minutes
Executing example is 1/minute), the shooting timing of automatic digital camera 4 is 48 minutes.Observation bed load vertical cross section is not
Interact and time dependent distribution characteristics with particles.After shooting time terminates, close laser device 9, automatically
Digital camera 4 and conveyer belt 15, open external sink outlet 6, is discharged by water.
Embodiment 4: bed load tunneling boring sorting model investigation
With the shape and size of built-in tank 2 and conveyer belt 15 as foundation, scale in conjunction with bed load actual ratio, selected 2
Planting clear glass ball 3 grain size specification, clear glass ball 3 diameter is respectively 1mm and 5mm, and prefabricated clear glass ball 3.
Prefabricated external tank 1, external tank 1 material is that (the present embodiment is transparent steel for transparent organic glass or transparent toughened glass
Change glass) bottom sealing, the cuboid of upper opening, width is 45cm, a length of 200cm, height for 100cm,
Wall thickness is 2cm.Prefabricated built-in tank 2, its material is transparent toughened glass, width is 25cm, a length of 150cm,
Highly for the cuboid of upper opening that 35cm, wall thickness are 1cm.Prefabricated Aluminum cylindrical body conveyer belt long stent 10 and short
Support 7, its diameter of section 5cm, its short support height is fixed as 20cm, and long stent height adjustment range is 20cm～80cm.
Purchasing and assemble conveyer belt 15, its track material is plastic cement plane, and conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 material is aluminum, conveyer belt rotating shaft 5
A diameter of 15cm, its two conveyer belts rotating shaft 5 center of circle spacing is all 150cm mutually with built-in tank 2 length, and power set are
Rated power is the motor of 6kW, is placed between crawler belt two plane or conveyer belt rotating shaft 5 is internal, and by power supply even
Wiring 13 connects the external power source that voltage is 220V.
Conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7 are fixed on bottom external tank 1, assemble conveyer belt 15 and built-in tank
2, and be placed on conveyer belt long stent 10 and short support 7, it should be noted that built-in tank 2 and external tank in installation process
1 liang narrow sidewall two ends respectively arrange 25cm spacing, and broad side walls two ends respectively arrange 10cm spacing.Long stent height is fixed as
40cm, and according to two stands difference in height and the inclination angle of the built-in tank of conveyer belt length computation 2.In the wide side of external tank 1
Laser device 9 is arranged in face, adjusts laser device 9 angles and positions, and in battery of tests, it is interior for adjusting laser device 9 scanning plane
Put tank 2 tail side section；At the external tank 1 automatic digital camera of narrow side arrangement 4, adjust automatic digital camera 4
Height and angle, camera lens is perpendicular to laser device 9 scanning plane.Prefabricated clear glass ball 3 is put into built-in tank 2
In, open external tank water inlet 12 valve and carry out water filling, in making external tank 1, water level covers built-in tank 2 top
Highly.Conveyer belt 15 is accessed power supply, opens conveyer belt 15 and switch, regulate conveyer belt 15 velocity of rotation, speed control
Scope processed can be 3m/s.Opening laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, laser device 9 scans built-in tank 2 afterbody and breaks
Face, automatic digital camera 4 filming frequency is shooting per minute 2, and the shooting timing of automatic digital camera 4 is 48 hours.
The observation bed load vertical cross section time dependent distribution characteristics of different-grain diameter granule.After shooting time terminates, close
Laser device 9, automatic digital camera 4 and conveyer belt 15.
Second group of test, upper shifting laser device 9 scanning plane, adjust height and the angle of automatic digital camera 4, camera lens is vertical
In laser device 9 scanning plane.The clear glass ball 3 of two kinds of particle diameters is taken out and after being sufficiently mixed, is reentered into built-in tank 2.
Opening laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, conveyer belt 15 is accessed power supply, opens conveyer belt 15 and switch, regulation passes
Sending band 15 velocities of rotation, speed controlling is 3m/s.Open laser device 9 and automatic digital camera 4, adjust illuminator 8
Position so that laser device 9 scans built-in tank 2 afterbody section, and automatic digital camera 4 filming frequency is bat per minute
Taking the photograph one (the present embodiment is 3/minute) of 4～every 5 minutes shootings, the shooting timing of automatic digital camera 4 is 48
Hour.The observation bed load vertical cross section time dependent distribution characteristics of different-grain diameter granule.After shooting time terminates,
Close laser device 9, automatic digital camera 4 and conveyer belt 15.
Three to five group test, successively upper shifting laser device 9 scanning plane, other steps are identical with second group of test.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. bed load vertical cross section sorting model test apparatus, including the external tank of open-topped cuboid, its
It is characterised by: in the external tank of cuboid, be provided with the built-in tank of open-topped cuboid, the external bottom of gullet of cuboid
Being provided with long stent and short support, long stent and short support are provided above the transmission controlled by two conveyer belt rotating shafts
Band, is placed with the built-in tank of open-topped cuboid above conveyer belt, the built-in tank of cuboid is internally provided with several
2～the inconsistent clear glass ball of 3 kind of particle diameter；External sink top is provided with bottom the water inlet of band valve and is provided with band valve
The outlet of door, built-in sink top is provided through the built-in tank water inlet of external basin sidewall, and built-in tank enters water
Mouth passes through Valve controlling；The relatively wide side of external tank is provided with that the side of laser device relative narrower is provided with can be to swashing
Light instrument scanning plane is timed, determines the automatic digital camera that frequency is taken pictures, and laser device homonymy is provided with adjustment laser device scanning
The illuminator of the vertical section of glass bead.
Bed load vertical cross section the most according to claim 1 sorting model test apparatus, it is characterised in that:
The lift valve of scalable long stent height it is provided with on described long stent.
Bed load vertical cross section the most according to claim 1 sorting model test apparatus, it is characterised in that:
Described external tank and built-in tank are transparent organic glass or transparent toughened glass is made, and external tank width is
35cm～45cm, a length of 150cm～200cm, height are 80～120cm, wall thickness is 1cm～2cm, external water
The sidewall of groove relative narrower is provided above the water inlet by Valve controlling, is provided with bottom water inlet opposite side wall
The outlet of Valve controlling；Built-in tank width is 15cm～25cm, a length of 100cm～150cm, height be 30～
40cm, wall thickness are 1cm～2cm, wherein the spacing between the built-in basin sidewall in one end and external basin sidewall be 20cm～
30cm, the spacing between the built-in basin sidewall of the other end and external basin sidewall is 10cm～15cm, at the bottom of built-in tank
Portion and flat face and non-tight on conveyer belt；Described water inlet and outlet are plastic cement or aluminum material is made, a diameter of
4cm～6cm, water inlet and outlet install current meter at valve, the design feed water flow of built-in tank and external tank
Speed is 0～0.1m3/ s, external tank Water discharge flow speed is 0～0.2m3/s。
Bed load vertical cross section the most according to claim 1 sorting model test apparatus, it is characterised in that:
Described clear glass ball is that transparent organic glass is made, and diameter range is the spherical of 1mm～20mm.
Bed load vertical cross section the most according to claim 1 sorting model test apparatus, it is characterised in that:
Described conveyer belt is aluminum or plastic material is made, and described conveyer belt rotating shaft is rustless steel or aluminum is made, conveyer belt rotating shaft
A diameter of 10cm～20cm, two rotating shaft center of circle spacing are all 100cm～150cm, conveyer belt mutually with built-in tank length
Rotating shaft is driven by the motor of 3kW～6kW, and described motor is placed between conveyer belt two plane or conveyer belt rotating shaft
Inside also connects, by water-proof wire, the external power source that voltage is 220V.
Bed load vertical cross section the most according to claim 2 sorting model test apparatus, it is characterised in that:
The cylinder of 4cm～7cm that described long stent and short support are aluminum or stainless steel material is made or a length of 4cm～7cm, width
For the cuboid of 4cm～7cm, short support height is fixed as 20cm～30cm, long stent arranges lift valve and passes through
Lift valve adjusts built-in tank angle of inclination, and long stent height adjustment range is 20cm～100cm.
Bed load vertical cross section the most according to claim 1 sorting model test apparatus, it is characterised in that:
Described automatic digital camera, is fixed on external tank relative narrower lateral outer and camera lens is perpendicular to laser scanning face, shooting
Frequency is that shooting per minute four shot one to every five minutes, and shooting timing is 5～2880 minutes, automatic digital camera
It is connected with computer storage, can automatically store photographed data to computer.
8. the using method of the bed load vertical cross section sorting model test apparatus as described in one of claim 1-7,
It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one: with the shape and size of built-in tank and conveyer belt as foundation, scales in conjunction with bed load actual ratio, in advance
The clear glass ball of 1mm～5mm particle diameter processed, and selected 2～3 kind of clear glass spherolite footpath as simulation bed load material；
Step 2: long stent and short support are fixed on external bottom of gullet, conveyer belt and built-in tank are placed in and draw money on credit
On frame and short support；The height of long stent is changed lift valve on regulation long stent so that conveyer belt and interior
The angle of inclination putting tank reaches specified angle, and the most built-in tank angle of inclination adjusting range is 0～15 °；
Step 3: the clear glass ball of selected 2～3 kind of particle diameter is put in built-in tank；
Step 4: arranging laser device and illuminator in external tank side, opposite side arranges automatic digital camera, and regulates
The relative position of laser device, illuminator and automatically digital camera so that digital camera can photograph clear glass ball automatically
Cross section；
Step 5: the water inlet valve opening external tank carries out water filling so that built-in tank is whole to be immersed in the water；
Step 6: open laser device and automatic digital camera, the filming frequency adjusting automatic digital camera is shooting per minute
Shooting one for 4 to every 5 minutes, timing is 5～2880 minutes；
Step 7: conveyer belt is accessed power supply, opens built-in tank water inlet, built-in water after opening conveyer belt switch simultaneously
Groove water inlet water inlet flow velocity 0～0.1m3/ s, the velocity of rotation of regulation conveyer belt rotating shaft, control the rotation speed of conveyer belt rotating shaft
Degree scope is 0.5m/s～5m/s；When simulating flow velocity more than 5m/s, regulate external sink outlet valve, make external
Water level in tank keeps constant；
Step 8: the image information photographed based on observation, utilizes image processing software to obtain bed load vertical cross section
Different-grain diameter Interaction between particles, and time dependent distribution characteristics.
The using method of bed load vertical cross section the most according to claim 8 sorting model test apparatus, its
It is characterised by: concretely comprising the following steps of described step 4: at external tank relatively wide side arrangement laser device and illuminator,
Adjusting laser device and the angles and positions of illuminator placement, the scanning plane making laser device is the clear glass within built-in tank
Ball cross section；Outside external tank relative narrower side, arrange automatic digital camera, adjust automatic digital camera support height
And camera angle so that it is camera lens is perpendicular to laser device scanning plane.
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| CN108489874A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-09-04 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of drum-type irregular shape sediment sorting three dimensional taest device and its test method |
| CN108918361A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-30 | 国家电网有限公司 | Bed load deposits simulation test device and method |
| CN109001083A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-12-14 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of drum-type nonuniform scanning grain sorting experimental rig and its test method |
| CN109141984A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of adaptive bed load sampler and silt discharge measurement method |
| CN109506882A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-22 | 浙江大学 | The experimental provision and method that a kind of slip boundary condition density current and salt wedge generate |
| CN114739333A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-12 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Real-time measuring and testing system and method for bed surface shape of load bed on water tank |
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