CN102277894B - Method and facility for getting water through hierarchical guiding and discharging of channel deposits - Google Patents

Method and facility for getting water through hierarchical guiding and discharging of channel deposits Download PDF

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CN102277894B
CN102277894B CN 201010199443 CN201010199443A CN102277894B CN 102277894 B CN102277894 B CN 102277894B CN 201010199443 CN201010199443 CN 201010199443 CN 201010199443 A CN201010199443 A CN 201010199443A CN 102277894 B CN102277894 B CN 102277894B
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sand
porous
guide
water
section
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CN102277894A (en
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龙起煌
霍红
白学翠
杨志伟
陈宗卿
严军
刘其念
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PowerChina Guiyang Engineering Corp Ltd
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Hydrochina Guiyang Engineering Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a facility for getting water through hierarchical guiding and discharging of channel deposits. In the invention, coarse sand and dirt are guided and discharged by means of the main stream of a river channel; fine sand is settled by means of a low-flow rate water stream; and then the fine sand is sand is discharged by means of a porous variable-section sand discharging gallery to get water, wherein the process of guiding and discharging the coarse sand and the dirt by means of the main stream of the river channel comprises the following procedures of: arranging a sand trap ridge and a water guide wall at the edges of the river channel to separate a water getting opening from the main stream of the river channel; trapping most part of coarse sand by means of the sand trap ridge; arranging a dirt stopping bar on the sand trap ridge so as to trap the dirt floating on the surface of the river; and discharging the coarse sand and the dirt downstream from a sand discharging gate along the water guide wall. In the invention, as the sand trap ridge is used for guiding and the water guide wall is used for water concentration, and the coarse sand and the dirt are guided and discharged downstream through the sand discharging gate or a sand discharging hole by means of the main stream of the river channel, the sand trap ratio can reach up to 80%-90%; and under the guiding and discharging actions of the porous variable-section sand discharging gallery, 99% of deposits can be trapped and the trapping effect is very good.

Description

A kind of method for fetching water and facility of classification guide channel deposits
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of fetching water and facility from river, particularly relate to a kind of method for fetching water and facility of classification guide channel deposits.
Background technology
In the area of some other water source scarcities, can only take river or river, supply people's living water use and industrial water use after purifying by water factory.But contain a large amount of silt and other dirt in river or river, a large amount of silts and dirt just needed Jiang Shui and water before water intaking in carry out separating treatment.
In the engineering of high concentration of sediment, thick silt and long intake, usually adopt single bottom hole for sand flushing (sand discharge lock) or sand trap to carry out sand discharge at present, sand discharge funnel is little, is difficult to cover whole intakes.Or flushing sluice too close intake, effectively Separation of Water, sand.The sand discharge water supply volume is very large, but the sand discharge rate is very low.Or relying on trash rack for water inlet interception dirt, dirt can not well import the downstream, need to often close intake and manually remove contamination.Be difficult to the effect that reaches desirable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of method for fetching water and facility of classification guide channel deposits is provided, to improve the sand discharge efficient of the unit water yield, save the water source, need not manually remove contamination, save manpower, and can cover whole intakes, thereby overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of method for fetching water of classification guide channel deposits, the method are to utilize channel thread guide rough sand and dirt; Utilize low flow velocity current sedimentation fine sand; Utilize porous to become the water intaking afterwards of section flush gallery excretion fine sand.
In the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits, described channel thread guide rough sand and the dirt of utilizing is: divide husky bank and guide-wall in the setting of edge, river course, intake is separated with the river main flow; Utilize minute most rough sand of husky bank interception; Trashrack is set on Fen Shakan, and interception swims in the dirt on river surface; Make rough sand and dirt enter the downstream along guide-wall from the sand discharge lock.
In the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits, husky bank was connected with guide-wall " factory " font in described minute, and the height of minute husky bank is lower than the guide-wall height; Divide husky bank to become the 15-35 angle of cut with streamflow, guide-wall becomes the 0-15 angle of cut with streamflow; Dividing husky bank length and intake Length Ratio is 0.8-1.5, and minute husky bank headwater depth and intake aspect ratio are 1-1.5.
In the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits, the low flow velocity current sedimentation fine sand of described utilization is: river is by entering sand trap after minute husky bank and trashrack, and the bottom surface of sand trap is wedged bottom, and the water velocity in sand trap is lower than 0.7m/s.
In the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits, the described porous change section flush gallery excretion fine sand that utilizes is: the minimum point at sand trap arranges porous change section flush gallery, and porous becomes the section flush gallery and is provided with one group of sand inlet and flush gallery; The eddy flow that forms when utilizing current to enter sand inlet becomes the section flush gallery with fine sand by porous and enters the downstream from sand discharge pocket floor section.
In the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits, the discharge capacity that described porous becomes the section flush gallery is 150m 3 / s, mean flow rate are 6m 3 / s, porous becomes the section flush gallery and becomes the 45-65 angle of cut with streamflow, and the through-flow section that porous becomes the section flush gallery enlarges gradually along outlet, and the sand inlet spacing enlarges gradually along outlet.
In the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits, the 2-4 that described sand inlet spacing is hole width times, the through-flow section of porous change section flush gallery is 4-15 times of sand inlet.
According to the facility that the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits builds, comprise the sand trap that Fen Shakan, guide-wall and water intaking dam surround on the bank; Minute husky bank top is provided with trashrack, and the top on water intaking dam is provided with intake, and the outside is provided with shared sand discharge lock in the guide-wall of water intaking dam and guide-wall junction.
In aforesaid facility, described sand trap bottom is provided with porous and becomes the section flush gallery, porous becomes the section flush gallery and is provided with one group of sand inlet, and the through-flow section that porous becomes the section flush gallery enlarges gradually along Way out, and the sand inlet spacing enlarges gradually along Way out.
In aforesaid facility, husky bank was connected with guide-wall " factory " font in described minute, and the height of minute husky bank is lower than the guide-wall height; Divide husky bank to become the 15-35 angle of cut with streamflow, guide-wall becomes the 0-15 angle of cut with streamflow; Dividing the length of husky bank and the Length Ratio of intake is 0.8-1.5, and the aspect ratio of minute husky bank headwater depth and intake is 1-1.5; The bottom surface of sand trap is wedged bottom, and the water velocity in sand trap is lower than 0.7m/s; Porous becomes the section flush gallery and becomes the 45-65 angle of cut with streamflow, and the through-flow section that porous becomes the section flush gallery enlarges gradually along outlet, and the sand inlet spacing enlarges gradually along outlet; The sand inlet spacing is 2-4 times of hole width, and the through-flow section of porous change section flush gallery is 4-15 times of sand inlet.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes channel thread by minute husky bank guiding and a guide-wall Shu Shui, with rough sand and dirt by sand discharge lock or sand discharge hole guide to the downstream, divide a Sha Bike to reach 80%-90%; Become the guide effect of section flush gallery by porous again, can tackle 99% silt, interception result is very good.
The present invention is application experiment in the water intake engineering in certain river course, the current mean annual sediment content 760g/m in certain river course 3 , average Suspended Sediment Discharge is 1,490 ten thousand tons for many years, and 700,000 tons of bed loads (refer to keep afloat or be suspended in the dirt on current top) account for 97.5% less than the silt of 0.25mm, and Mohs' hardness surpasses 5 particle and accounts for 25% of gross weight, mostly is angular and half angular.Diversion flow of the method according to this invention construction is 855m on this river course 3 / s, intake length is the water intake facilities of the classification guide channel deposits of 70m.Become the section flush gallery angle of cut, cross bank flow velocity, desilting flow velocity by testing minute husky bank angle of cut, the porous of having determined suitable sediment character, bore hole size, spacing and gallery height, take into account the requirement of hydraulics and transportability of sediments two aspects, select gallery discharge capacity 150m 3 / s, mean flow rate 6m 3 / s can tackle the silt more than 99%, and interception result is very good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that in the present invention, porous becomes the section flush gallery.
Being labeled as in accompanying drawing: 1-divides husky bank, 2-guide-wall, the 3-dam of fetching water, and the 4-sand trap, the 5-intake, 6-sand discharge lock, the 7-porous becomes section flush gallery, 8-sand inlet.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment.The present invention as shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for fetching water of classification guide channel deposits, the method is to utilize channel thread guide rough sand and dirt; Utilize low flow velocity current sedimentation fine sand; Utilize porous to become the water intaking afterwards of section flush gallery excretion fine sand.
Described channel thread guide rough sand and the dirt of utilizing is: divide husky bank and guide-wall in the setting of edge, river course, intake is separated with the river main flow; Utilize minute most rough sand of husky bank interception; Trashrack is set on Fen Shakan, and interception swims in the dirt on river surface; Make rough sand and dirt enter the downstream along guide-wall from the sand discharge lock.Divide husky bank to be connected with guide-wall " factory " font, the height of minute husky bank is lower than the guide-wall height; Divide husky bank to become the 15-35 angle of cut with streamflow, guide-wall becomes the 0-15 angle of cut with streamflow; Dividing husky bank length and intake Length Ratio is 0.8-1.5, and minute husky bank headwater depth and intake aspect ratio are 1-1.5.
The low flow velocity current sedimentation fine sand of described utilization is: river is by entering sand trap after minute husky bank and trashrack, and the bottom surface of sand trap is wedged bottom, and the water velocity in sand trap is lower than 0.7m/s, fine sand that can the corresponding particle diameter of sedimentation.
The described porous change section flush gallery excretion fine sand that utilizes is: the minimum point at sand trap arranges porous change section flush gallery, and porous becomes the section flush gallery and is provided with one group of sand inlet and flush gallery; The eddy flow that forms when utilizing current to enter sand inlet becomes the section flush gallery with fine sand by porous and enters the downstream from sand discharge pocket floor section.The discharge capacity that porous becomes the section flush gallery is 150m 3 / s, mean flow rate are 6m 3 / s, porous becomes the section flush gallery and becomes the 45-65 angle of cut with streamflow, and the through-flow section that porous becomes the section flush gallery enlarges gradually along outlet, and the sand inlet spacing enlarges gradually along outlet.The 2-4 that described sand inlet spacing is hole width times, the through-flow section of porous change section flush gallery is 4-15 times of sand inlet.
According to the facility that the method for fetching water of aforesaid classification guide channel deposits builds, comprise the sand trap 4 that a minute husky bank 1, guide-wall 2 and the dam 3 of fetching water surround on the bank; Minute husky bank 1 use steel concrete is built, and minute husky bank 1 top is provided with trashrack 9, and the top on water intaking dam 3 is provided with intake 5, and 3 are provided with the guide-wall 2 interior outside of guide-wall 2 junctions and share sand discharge lock 6 on the water intaking dam.The porous that described sand trap 4 bottoms are provided with as shown in Figure 2 becomes section flush gallery 7, and because the water velocity of bottom is very slow, so gallery do not require very high erosion wear resistance, adopts common C40 concrete structure.Porous becomes section flush gallery 7 and is provided with one group of sand inlet 8, and the through-flow section that porous becomes section flush gallery 7 enlarges gradually along Way out, and sand inlet 8 spacings enlarge gradually along Way out.Current enter gallery from sand inlet 8 and should spread again and turn to, and current all can form spiral flow under large and small flow, and the unit inflow-rate of water turbine is substantially even, utilize to become the spiral flow that the section flush gallery forms and carry silt, and transportability of sediments reaches 400-600kg/m 3 Husky bank 1 was connected with guide-wall 2 " factory " font in described minute, and the height of minute husky bank 1 is lower than guide-wall 2 height; Divide husky bank 1 to become the 15-35 angle of cut with streamflow, guide-wall 2 becomes the 0-15 angle of cut with streamflow; Dividing the length of husky bank 1 and the Length Ratio of intake 4 is 0.8-1.5, and the aspect ratio of minute husky bank 1 headwater depth and intake 4 is 1-1.5; The bottom surface of sand trap 4 is wedged bottom, and the water velocity in sand trap 4 is lower than 0.7m/s; Porous becomes section flush gallery 7 and becomes the 45-65 angle of cut with streamflow, and the through-flow section that porous becomes section flush gallery 7 enlarges gradually along outlet, and the sand inlet spacing enlarges gradually along outlet; The sand inlet spacing is 2-4 times of hole width, and porous change section flush gallery 7 through-flow sections are 4-15 times of sand inlet 8.

Claims (7)

1. the method for fetching water of a classification guide channel deposits, it is characterized in that: the method is to utilize channel thread guide rough sand and dirt; Utilize low flow velocity current sedimentation fine sand; Utilize porous to become the water intaking afterwards of section flush gallery excretion fine sand; Described channel thread guide rough sand and the dirt of utilizing is: divide husky bank and guide-wall in the setting of edge, river course, intake is separated with the river main flow; Utilize minute most rough sand of husky bank interception; Trashrack is set on Fen Shakan, and interception swims in the dirt on river surface; Make rough sand and dirt enter the downstream along guide-wall from the sand discharge lock; The low flow velocity current sedimentation fine sand of described utilization is: river is by entering sand trap after minute husky bank and trashrack, and the bottom surface of sand trap is wedged bottom, and the water velocity in sand trap is lower than 0.7m/s; The described porous change section flush gallery excretion fine sand that utilizes is: the minimum point at sand trap arranges porous change section flush gallery, and porous becomes the section flush gallery and is provided with one group of sand inlet and flush gallery; The eddy flow that forms when utilizing current to enter sand inlet becomes the section flush gallery with fine sand by porous and enters the downstream from sand discharge pocket floor section.
2. the method for fetching water of classification guide channel deposits according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: husky bank was connected with guide-wall " factory " font in described minute, and the height of minute husky bank is lower than the guide-wall height; Divide husky bank to become 15~35 angles of cut with streamflow, guide-wall becomes 0~15 angle of cut with streamflow; Dividing husky bank length and intake Length Ratio is 0.8~1.5, and minute husky bank headwater depth and intake aspect ratio are 1~1.5.
3. the method for fetching water of classification guide channel deposits according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the discharge capacity that described porous becomes the section flush gallery is 150m 3/ s, mean flow rate are 6m 3/ s, porous becomes the section flush gallery and becomes 45~65 angles of cut with streamflow, and the through-flow section that porous becomes the section flush gallery enlarges gradually along outlet, and the sand inlet spacing enlarges gradually along outlet.
4. the method for fetching water of classification guide channel deposits according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sand inlet spacing is 2~4 times of hole width, it is 4~15 times of sand inlet that porous becomes the through-flow section of section flush gallery.
5. the water intake facilities of a classification guide channel deposits, is characterized in that: comprise the sand trap (4) that Fen Shakan (1), guide-wall (2) and water intaking dam (3) surround on the bank; Minute husky bank (1) top is provided with trashrack (9), and the top on water intaking dam (3) is provided with intake (5), and the outside is provided with shared sand discharge lock (6) in the guide-wall (2) of water intaking dam (3) and guide-wall (2) junction.
6. the water intake facilities of classification guide channel deposits according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: be provided with porous bottom described sand trap (4) and become section flush gallery (7), porous becomes section flush gallery (7) and is provided with one group of sand inlet (8), the through-flow section that porous becomes section flush gallery (7) enlarges gradually along Way out, and sand inlet (8) spacing enlarges gradually along Way out.
7. the water intake facilities of according to claim 5 or 6 described classification guide channel depositss is characterized in that: described minute husky bank (1) be connected with guide-wall (2) " factory " font, the height of Fen Shakan (1) is lower than guide-wall (2) highly; Divide husky bank (1) to become 15~35 angles of cut with streamflow, guide-wall (2) becomes 0~15 angle of cut with streamflow; The length of minute husky bank (1) and the Length Ratio of intake (4) are that the aspect ratio of 0.8~1.5, Fen Shakan (1) headwater depth and intake (4) is 1~1.5; The bottom surface of sand trap (4) is wedged bottom, and the water velocity in sand trap (4) is lower than 0.7m/s; Porous becomes section flush gallery (7) and becomes 45~65 angles of cut with streamflow, and the through-flow section that porous becomes section flush gallery (7) enlarges gradually along outlet, and the sand inlet spacing enlarges gradually along outlet; The sand inlet spacing is 2~4 times of hole width, and porous becomes the through-flow section of section flush gallery (7) and is 4~15 times of sand inlet (8).
CN 201010199443 2010-06-12 2010-06-12 Method and facility for getting water through hierarchical guiding and discharging of channel deposits Active CN102277894B (en)

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CN103882838B (en) * 2014-02-27 2015-12-02 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 A kind of sand discharge method of low water head river channel hinge powerplant intakes
CN104612103B (en) * 2015-01-28 2017-01-25 河海大学 Tidal river self-cleaning ecological T-type water diversion/drawing method
CN104831689B (en) * 2015-05-28 2016-08-17 杨建能 A kind of automatic flood control, the water intake facilities of anti-alluvial of blowdown
CN104963379B (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-03-15 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 For the water intaking structure on mountain channel
CN113152386B (en) * 2021-02-04 2023-03-21 南昌工学院 Cable crane grading damming system of wet-process stockpiling tailing pond

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CN2064378U (en) * 1989-12-25 1990-10-24 中国市政工程西南设计院 Cage extender water fetching equipment
CN1343818A (en) * 2001-10-23 2002-04-10 蒋甫定 Water supply pipe with natural sand discharging function
JP3470044B2 (en) * 1998-05-13 2003-11-25 株式会社丸島アクアシステム River water intake device
CN200946286Y (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-09-12 施新 River water-fetching device
KR100782359B1 (en) * 2007-01-12 2007-12-07 주식회사동인건설 Facilities for collecting seawater and constructing method thereof
CN101220602A (en) * 2007-07-06 2008-07-16 李勇林 Automatic water transmission
CN201447689U (en) * 2009-06-26 2010-05-05 广东省电力设计研究院 Water drawing device for mountain streams with high sand content and low flow
CN201850576U (en) * 2010-06-12 2011-06-01 中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院 Water intaking facility capable of guiding and draining river sediment in a grading way

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2064378U (en) * 1989-12-25 1990-10-24 中国市政工程西南设计院 Cage extender water fetching equipment
JP3470044B2 (en) * 1998-05-13 2003-11-25 株式会社丸島アクアシステム River water intake device
CN1343818A (en) * 2001-10-23 2002-04-10 蒋甫定 Water supply pipe with natural sand discharging function
CN200946286Y (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-09-12 施新 River water-fetching device
KR100782359B1 (en) * 2007-01-12 2007-12-07 주식회사동인건설 Facilities for collecting seawater and constructing method thereof
CN101220602A (en) * 2007-07-06 2008-07-16 李勇林 Automatic water transmission
CN201447689U (en) * 2009-06-26 2010-05-05 广东省电力设计研究院 Water drawing device for mountain streams with high sand content and low flow
CN201850576U (en) * 2010-06-12 2011-06-01 中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院 Water intaking facility capable of guiding and draining river sediment in a grading way

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