CN104612103B - Tidal river self-cleaning ecological T-type water diversion/drawing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tidal river self-cleaning ecological T-type water diversion/drawing method. According to the method, diversion water channels are arranged on the left and right wings of a water diversion/drawing opening respectively. A permeable frame tetrahedron group is paved on the diversion water channels. A downstream groyne is formed by the diversion water channels which use a river bank on one side and a rubber dam on the other side, wherein the rubber dam is installed on a rubber dam fixing platform and capable of filling water or air. When drawing the water, sediment in the water is prompted to settle through the permeable frame tetrahedron group paved on the channels. When not drawing the water, a portion of water or air is discharged from the rubber dam, so that river water outside the diversion water channels can flow over the top of the rubber groyne to enter into the diversion water channels. By using the velocity of water flow caused by a falling tide, the stirred sediment can be quickly discharged from the diversion water channels. When drawing the water, sedimentation and deposition are automatically carried out on the sediment, and a manual operation is not needed in the whole process. When not drawing the water, by using a formed special water flow state, the settled sediment during the water diversion is automatically washed away, and a water-drawn river is free from unfavorable environmental and ecological problems.

Description

A kind of tidal river auto purification type ecology t type draws/method for fetching water

Technical field

The invention belongs to hydraulic engineering field, more particularly, to a kind of tidal river auto purification type ecology t type draws/method for fetching water.

Background technology

At present, in order to improve the demand of Water Environment in Urban Rivers and industrial and mining establishment's water, most commonly seen and economic water intaking side Formula is exactly directly to fetch water from neighbouring river.By excavating intake or water-drawing channel on riverbank, outer river is introduced inland river Or it is drawn into water area.When in river of fetching water, sediment charge is higher, directly from river, water intaking will untreatedly Lead to a series of contingency question, such as what amasss intake, damages intake equipment etc..

And traditional water-supply method cannot directly remove the silt in eliminating water in water intaking, this be accomplished by water further with Before, too high sediment charge in eliminating water is gone by special sand-removal device (such as settling pit etc.), and for depositing Silt also need to be processed by special approach, not only complex management, and later stage operating cost is also very high.

Content of the invention

The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention be to provide a kind of tidal river auto purification type ecology t type draw/method for fetching water is it is intended to solution Certainly traditional draw/water-supply method not only needs special desilting facility it is necessary to carry out special disposal to the silt after sedimentation, pipe Reason is complicated, the high problem of later stage operating cost.

The embodiment of the present invention be achieved in that a kind of tidal river auto purification type ecology t type draw/method for fetching water be drawing/ The left and right both wings of intake, are respectively arranged water-drawing channel, lay tetrahedron permeable frame, water-drawing channel side in water-drawing channel Using riverbank, opposite side forms one rubber groynes downstream using the rubber dam filling water/gas being arranged on rubber dam fixed station, When drawing/fetching water in flood tide, flow energy is progressively consumed along journey by the tetrahedron permeable frame group being laid in water-drawing channel, Reduce the sediment carrying capacity of current, promote the sediment settlement in water, the current after t type both wings purify are entered by river conjunction and converge Chute, carries out drawing/fetching water in collecting tray end by diversion facility or intake equipment, when the non-water intaking of ebb tide, discharges rubber suitable A water/gas in water groynes, the height reducing rubber groynes downstream, to the 2/3 of the depth of water, makes the river outside water-drawing channel Groynes top enters water-drawing channel downstream to climb over rubber, and the silt that the flow rate of water flow being formed by ebb tide gets up agitation is arranged rapidly Go out water-drawing channel, after silt removes end-of-job, water-filling or gas toward in rubber downstream dam again, in order to stop outside arsenicbearing gold ores Stream directly passes in and out collecting tray.

Further, the water-drawing channel length required for silt starts to settle:

$l_{min}=\frac{\mathrm{\δ}h\·r\·c^2}{v^2}$

In formula, δ h is the difference of the depth of water of section at water-drawing channel inlet section and hydraulic radius r, hydraulic slope j, and c is to thank Ability coefficient, v is hydraulic radius r, sediment settlement flow velocity at hydraulic slope j, for enabling the silt in water-drawing channel fully heavy Fall, the length setting of water-drawing channel is at least 1.5-2l_min.

Further, when the water-drawing channel design diversion depth of water is less than 2 times of tetrahedron permeable frame height, one layer can be laid thoroughly Water framework tetrahedron, when the water-drawing channel design diversion depth of water is more than 4 times of tetrahedron permeable frame height, can lay two-layer permeable Framework tetrahedron.

Further, the length of the rod member of composition tetrahedron permeable frame can adjust according to practical situation, and rod member material is permissible Using concrete, regenerated plastics, natural material, the cross section of rod member can be square or circular.

The present invention water intaking when, by water-drawing channel gradually reducing flow rate of water flow, disappearing along journey tetrahedron permeable frame group Water consumption stream energy, when flow rate of water flow is less than the sedimentation flow velocity of silt, silt will automatic sedimentation alluvial, without additionally utilizing again Other measures, whole process need not manually operate, full ecological and environmental protection, in the non-water intaking time, then using the special water being formed Stream fluidised form, takes away the silt underwashing depositing during diversion automatically, and the only husky process of current is to be automatically obtained by physics mode, right Water intaking river will not cause unfavorable environment and ecological problem.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is that tidal river auto purification type provided in an embodiment of the present invention ecology t type draws the/structural representation of water fetching device；

Fig. 2 is water-drawing channel i-i cross section provided in an embodiment of the present invention and tetrahedron permeable frame arrangement schematic diagram；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of tetrahedron permeable frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

In figure: 1, draw/intake；2nd, collecting tray；3rd, water-drawing channel；4th, rubber dam；5th, rubber dam fixed station；6th, riverbank； 7th, tetrahedron permeable frame.

Specific embodiment

In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to Limit the present invention.

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is further described to the application principle of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that as shown in figure 1, a kind of tidal river auto purification type ecology t type draws the/side of water intaking Method be drawing/the left and right both wings of intake 1, be respectively arranged water-drawing channel 3, water-drawing channel 3 laid tetrahedron permeable frame 7, water-drawing channel 3 side utilizes riverbank 6, and opposite side is using rubber dam 4 shape filling water/gas being arranged on rubber dam fixed station 5 Become one rubber groynes downstream, when drawing/fetching water in flood tide, current pass through from water-drawing channel 3, be laid on saturating in water-drawing channel Water framework tetrahedral group passes through progressively to consume flow energy along journey, reduces the sediment carrying capacity of current, when water-drawing channel 3 reaches enough During length, just can promote the sediment settlement in water, thus reaching the purpose of silt in eliminating water.After t type both wings purify Current enter collecting tray 2 by river conjunction, carry out drawing/fetching water in collecting tray 2 end by diversion facility or intake equipment.When falling During damp non-water intaking, by discharging a water/gas in rubber dam 4, the height reducing rubber groynes downstream to the 2/3 of the depth of water, The river making water-drawing channel 3 outside climbs over rubber groynes top entrance water-drawing channel 3, thus forming stable spiral flow, shape The spiral flow becoming can fully stir the silt in water-drawing channel 3, the larger flow rate of water flow being formed by ebb tide, can be stirring The silt moving up discharges rapidly water-drawing channel 3, thus avoiding permanent alluvial in channel for the silt, affects diversion effect, when After silt removes end-of-job, water-filling or gas toward in rubber dam again, in order to stop that outside silt carrying flow directly passes in and out collecting tray.

What water-drawing channel was arranged is calculated as follows:

1st, the calculating of sediment settlement flow velocity

$v=\sqrt{{\left(13.95\frac{v}{d}\right)}^2+1.09\frac{{\mathrm{\γ}}_s-{\mathrm{\γ}}_0}{{\mathrm{\γ}}_0}gd}-13.95\frac{v}{d}---\left(1\right)$

γ in formula_s: silt unit weight, γ₀: the unit weight of water, n/m³；G: acceleration of gravity, m/s²；The motion viscous system of ν: water Number, m²/s¹；The median particle diameter of d: silt, m.

2nd, the calculating of water-drawing channel discharge section area

The section form of water-drawing channel adopts trapezoidal cross-section, as shown in Fig. 2 then discharge section area is:

$a=\frac{1}{2}(b_1+b_2)\·h_0---\left(2\right)$

3rd, reach the diversion length required for sediment settlement flow velocity

Assume that current are entering flume after length lm, flow rate of water flow drops to the sedimentation flow velocity of silt, and silt starts Sedimentation, then according to thanking to ability Manning formula, the flow velocity at section e is:

$v=c\sqrt{rj}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein: c: thank to ability coefficient；R: hydraulic radius；J: hydraulic slope.

Hydraulic slope:

$j=\frac{h_1-h_2}{l_{min}}=\frac{\mathrm{\δ}h}{l_{min}}---\left(4\right)$

Wherein: h₁, h₂It is respectively the depth of water at flume inlet section and section e.

Formula (1), (2), (3) substitute into (4) can be calculated silt start settle required for flume length:

$l_{min}=\frac{\mathrm{\δ}h\·r\·c^2}{v^2}$

Wherein；

$c=\frac{1}{n}{r}^{1/6}$

$r=\frac{a}{(b_2+2\sqrt{{\[\frac{1}{2}(b_1-b_2)\]}^2+h_2^2})}$

N: channel roughness, general water intaking section natural river course roughness takes 0.02-0.024；When in water-drawing channel laying transmission four After the body frame group of face, channel roughness can be greatly increased, thus increasing the resistance of current.Permeable tetrahedral framework group when laying When highly reaching 1/2 depth of water, so that local roughness increases 4-5 times, so that under flow rate of water flow can be in relatively short distance Drop to below sediment settlement flow velocity, promote the sedimentation of silt.For enabling the silt in water-drawing channel fully to settle, flume The length setting in road is at least 1.5～2l_min.

Further, when water-drawing channel design diversion depth of water h is less than 2 times of tetrahedron permeable frame height, one layer can be laid Tetrahedron permeable frame, when water-drawing channel design diversion depth of water h is more than 4 times of tetrahedron permeable frame height, can lay two-layer Tetrahedron permeable frame.

Further, the length of the rod member of composition tetrahedron permeable frame can adjust according to practical situation, and rod member material is permissible Using concrete, regenerated plastics, natural material, the cross section of rod member can be square or circular.

The present invention water intaking when, by water-drawing channel gradually reducing flow rate of water flow, disappearing along journey tetrahedron permeable frame group Water consumption stream energy, when flow rate of water flow is less than the sedimentation flow velocity of silt, silt will automatic sedimentation alluvial, without additionally utilizing again Other measures, whole process need not manually operate, full ecological and environmental protection, in the non-water intaking time, then using the special water being formed Stream fluidised form, takes away the silt underwashing depositing during diversion automatically, and the only husky process of current is to be automatically obtained by physics mode, right Water intaking river will not cause unfavorable environment and ecological problem.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of tidal river auto purification type ecology t type draw/method for fetching water is it is characterised in that this tidal river auto purification type ecology t type Draw/method for fetching water be drawing/the left and right both wings of intake, be respectively arranged water-drawing channel, water-drawing channel laid water-permeable frame Tetrahedron, water-drawing channel side utilizes riverbank, and opposite side is using the rubber dam shape filling water/gas being arranged on rubber dam fixed station Become one rubber groynes downstream, when drawing/fetching water in flood tide, by the tetrahedron permeable frame group edge being laid in water-drawing channel Journey progressively consumes flow energy, promotes the sediment settlement in water, and the current after t type both wings purify are entered by river conjunction and converge Chute, carries out drawing/fetching water in collecting tray end by diversion facility or intake equipment, when ebb tide is non-draw/fetch water when, discharge rubber A part of water/gas in groynes downstream, the height reducing rubber groynes downstream, to the 2/3 of the depth of water, makes outside water-drawing channel River climbs over rubber, and groynes top enters water-drawing channel downstream, and the silt that the flow rate of water flow being formed by ebb tide gets up agitation is fast Speed discharges water-drawing channel, and after silt removes end-of-job, water-filling or gas toward in rubber downstream groynes again, in order to stop outside Silt carrying flow directly passes in and out collecting tray.

2. tidal river auto purification type as claimed in claim 1 ecology t type draw/method for fetching water is it is characterised in that silt starts to sink Water-drawing channel length required for fall:

$l_{min}=\frac{\mathrm{\δ}h\·r\·c^2}{v^2}$

In formula, δ h is the difference of the depth of water of section at water-drawing channel inlet section and hydraulic radius r, hydraulic slope j, and c is to thank to just system Number, v is hydraulic radius r, sediment settlement flow velocity at hydraulic slope j, and the length of water-drawing channel is set to 1.5-2lmin.

3. tidal river auto purification type as claimed in claim 1 ecology t type draw/method for fetching water is it is characterised in that work as water-drawing channel When the design diversion depth of water is less than 2 times of tetrahedron permeable frame height, lay one layer of tetrahedron permeable frame, when water-drawing channel design When the diversion depth of water is more than 4 times of tetrahedron permeable frame height, lay two-layer tetrahedron permeable frame.

4. tidal river auto purification type as claimed in claim 1 ecology t type draw/method for fetching water is it is characterised in that form permeable frame The length of frame tetrahedron rod member adjusts according to practical situation, and the cross section of rod member is square or circular.