CN115979584A - Ditch-flushing type debris flow starting simulation test device - Google Patents
Ditch-flushing type debris flow starting simulation test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115979584A CN115979584A CN202310282620.8A CN202310282620A CN115979584A CN 115979584 A CN115979584 A CN 115979584A CN 202310282620 A CN202310282620 A CN 202310282620A CN 115979584 A CN115979584 A CN 115979584A
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Abstract
The application provides gully type mud-rock flow starts analogue test device belongs to mud-rock flow analogue test technical field, and this gully type mud-rock flow starts analogue test device and includes gully basin subassembly and longitudinal slope and falls big subassembly. The sliding angle of the ditch side supporting shaft is controlled through the ditch cylinder, the local ditch opening profile of the gully basin is simulated, and the integral rotation of the ditch bottom supporting shaft and the ditch side supporting shaft is controlled through the torque motor, so that the cutting and bending of the gully basin are simulated. The lower surface of the gully opening belt is attached to the surfaces of the gully bottom supporting shaft and the gully side supporting shaft, the amount of the gully opening belt is controlled by the cloth stretching motor, the tensioning of the gully opening belt is adjusted, the gully opening belt can conveniently simulate the deformation of gully valleys of the gully opening, the gully opening belt is a grain surface wrapping roller belt with various hardness, the gully opening belt is wound to conveniently simulate a real gully bed, stones and plastic winding belts can be paved, forests, weeds and bedrocks are simulated to come out, and gully debris flow accumulation starting materials are provided. Compared with the traditional test field excavation, the excavation engineering quantity is reduced, and the gully type debris flow starting simulation modeling precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of debris flow simulation tests, in particular to a gully type debris flow starting simulation test device.
Background
The gully has the characteristics of small drainage basin area, large longitudinal slope drop and the like, and the gully is in a V shape. The gully is fan-shaped, the loose solid matter in the debris flow catchment area of the gully is abundant, and a large amount of stones and gravels are distributed in the gully bed, the longitudinal slope of the gully is large, the gully is straight, the gully is relatively narrow, in heavy rain, both sides of the gully are washed and eroded by running water, so that the loose accumulation body collapses, and the slope erosion caused by surface runoff is added, thereby the gully and the flood are collected to form the debris flow. The debris flow risk evaluation is one of the hotspots of the current disaster scientific research and is also an important content in disaster prediction and forecast and disaster reduction and prevention work. The method has important significance for recognizing disaster situations and making disaster prevention measures through physical simulation research on the debris flow.
However, gully debris flow has many forms in high altitude areas, the average slope drop of gullies in the forming areas is large, the change of all slope source is large, the debris flow starting condition is complex, the field arrangement is difficult, the excavation engineering quantity is large, the repeated simulation repair is difficult, and the starting simulation modeling and the danger evaluation research of gully debris flow are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, the application provides a gully type debris flow starting simulation test device for carrying out overall longitudinal slope reduction large simulation on gullies; and (4) simulating valley runners of local gullies, paving stone blocks and plastic winding belts, and simulating emergence of forests, weeds and bedrocks.
The application is realized as follows:
the application provides a gully type debris flow start simulation test device includes gully basin subassembly and big subassembly is fallen to longitudinal gradient.
The gully drainage basin assembly comprises a longitudinal slope frame, a gully head dead axle, a gully tail roller shaft, a gully mouth belt and a furrow opening motor, wherein the gully head dead axle is arranged at one end of the longitudinal slope frame, the gully tail roller shaft is rotationally connected with the other end of the longitudinal slope frame, one end of the gully mouth belt is arranged on the gully head dead axle, the other end of the gully mouth belt is wound on the gully tail roller shaft, the furrow opening motor body is arranged at the other end of the longitudinal slope frame, the furrow opening motor output end is transmitted at one end of the gully tail roller shaft, the longitudinal slope enlarging assembly comprises a lifting cylinder, a torque motor, a gully bottom supporting shaft, a gully side supporting shaft and a gully type cylinder, the lifting cylinder is uniformly arranged on the longitudinal slope frame, the torque motor body is arranged at one end of a piston rod of the lifting cylinder, the gully bottom supporting shaft is arranged at the output end of the torque motor, the gully side supporting shaft is slidably inserted at the output end of the torque motor, the gully mouth belt is respectively attached to the surface of the gully bottom supporting shaft and the surface of the gully side supporting shaft, the gully type cylinder body is rotationally connected with the output end of the torque motor.
In an embodiment of the present application, a base plate is disposed on the longitudinal slope frame, the cylinder body of the lift cylinder is fixed on the base plate, an avoidance port is formed in the base plate, and the torque motor body penetrates through the avoidance port.
In one embodiment of the application, a lapping beam is fixed at one end of a piston rod of the lifting cylinder, and the body of the torque motor is fixed on the lapping beam.
In an embodiment of the present application, the output end of the torque motor is fixed with a support beam, and the cylinder body of the trench cylinder is rotatably connected to the support beam.
In an embodiment of the present application, the supporting beam is provided with a base socket, two ends of the trench bottom supporting shaft are inserted between the base sockets, and one end of the trench side supporting shaft is slidably inserted into the base socket.
In an embodiment of the present application, the brace is provided with a brace socket, and the other end of the trench side brace shaft is slidably inserted into the brace socket.
In one embodiment of the application, the longitudinal slope frame is provided with fixing seats, and the gully head fixed shaft is arranged between the fixing seats.
In one embodiment of the application, a swivel base is arranged on the longitudinal slope frame, and two ends of the roller shaft of the trench tail are rotatably connected between the swivel bases.
In one embodiment of the application, a mounting seat is arranged on the longitudinal slope frame, and the spreading motor body is fixed on the mounting seat.
In an embodiment of the application, the gap area is the grain face package roller area of various hardness, twines convenient simulation reality gully bed, can carry out stone and plastics kinking and take and lay, simulates woods, weeds and bedrock and exposes.
In an embodiment of the present application, the gully type debris flow start simulation test device further includes a source start assembly and a deposition observation assembly.
The thing source starts the subassembly and includes side slope frame, slope angle jar, collapse box, thrust cylinder, rainfall frame, ditch tail slope frame and torrent pipe, the side slope frame evenly rotate connect in slope frame week side, slope angle jar body rotate connect in on the slope frame, slope angle jar piston rod one end rotate connect in on the side slope frame, the collapse box set up in on the slope frame, thrust cylinder body set up in on the collapse box, thrust cylinder piston rod one end orientation the side slope frame, rainfall frame overlap in on the slope frame, rainfall frame intercommunication in external water supply pipeline, rainfall frame moves respectively the side slope frame with the ditch gap area, the ditch tail slope frame set up in the slope frame other end, the torrent pipe set up in between the ditch tail slope frame, the torrent pipe communicates in external water supply pipeline, the torrent pipe orientation the ditch gap area, the deposit is surveyd the subassembly and is including deposit retaining wall, gate mouth jar, gate, retaining cover, monitoring body, torrent frame, sedimentation cage and torrent pipe set up in the side slope frame and set up in the monitoring gate is in the side slope frame.
In an embodiment of the application, thrust cylinder piston rod one end is provided with the push pedal, the push pedal orientation the side slope frame, the side slope frame other end sets up the overflow cover, the flow tube set up in on the overflow cover.
In an embodiment of this application, the intercommunication is provided with water supply interface on the rainfall frame, water supply interface communicates in the outside water supply pipeline, the even intercommunication is provided with governing valve and rain shower nozzle on the rainfall frame, rain shower nozzle respectively towards the side slope frame with the gap area.
In an embodiment of the application, a door frame is arranged between the deposition retaining walls, the gate cylinder body is arranged on the door frame, and a guide rod is arranged on the door frame and penetrates through the gate in a sliding manner.
In an embodiment of the present application, a fixing stay shaft is disposed on the longitudinal slope frame adjacent to the side slope frame and the deposition retaining wall, and the groove belt is attached to the fixing stay shaft.
The beneficial effect of this application is: this application obtains gully type mud-rock flow through above-mentioned design starts analogue test device, and during the use, the reality gully is complicated at mountain stream tortuous, gully drainage basin relative altitude difference, and the cutting of horizontal drainage basin is buckled, and gully mud-rock flow start-up in-process receives the landform influence of topography. The lifting height of the ditch bottom supporting shaft is controlled through the lifting cylinder, the local relative height difference of a ditch basin is simulated, the sliding angle of the ditch side supporting shaft is controlled through the ditch-shaped cylinder, the local ditch opening profile of the ditch basin is simulated, the integral rotation of the ditch bottom supporting shaft and the ditch side supporting shaft is controlled through the torque motor, and the cutting and bending of the ditch basin are simulated. The lower surface of the gully opening belt is attached to the surfaces of the gully bottom supporting shaft and the gully side supporting shaft, the arrangement amount of the gully opening belt is controlled by the cloth-spreading motor, the tensioning of the gully opening belt is adjusted, the gully opening belt is convenient for deformation simulation of gully valleys of the gully opening, the gully opening belt is a grain surface wrapping roller belt with various hardness, the gully opening belt is wound to conveniently simulate a real gully bed, stones and plastic winding belts can be laid, tree forests, weeds and bedrocks are simulated to be exposed, and gully debris flow accumulation starting materials are provided. Compared with the traditional test field excavation, the excavation engineering quantity is reduced, and the gully type debris flow starting simulation modeling precision is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also derive other related drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a gully type debris flow start simulation test device provided by an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a gully basin assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a partial perspective view of a gully basin assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a longitudinal gradient descent module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic partial perspective view of a source activation assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic partial perspective view of an object source actuation assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a deposition observation assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a hoist and a lifting frame according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 100-gully drain assembly; 110-longitudinal slope frame; 111-a substrate; 112-an avoidance port; 113-a fixed seat; 114-transposition; 115-a mount; 116-an overflow cover; 117-fixing the stay shaft; 120-trench head dead axle; 130-a trench tail roll shaft; 140-a notch band; 150-piece cloth motor; 300-a longitudinal slope descending assembly; 310-a lift cylinder; 311-joists; 320-a torque motor; 321-supporting beams; a 322-base socket; 323-sprag socket; 330-trench bottom support shaft; 340-a gutter side support shaft; 350-channel cylinder; 500-a source activation assembly; 510-a side slope frame; 520-a bank angle cylinder; 530-collapse box; 540-thrust cylinder; 541-push plate; 550-a rainfall rack; 551-water supply interface; 552-regulating valve; 553-rain spray head; 560-gutter tail slope frame; 570-a drift tube; 700-deposition observation assembly; 710-depositing a barrier; 711-portal frame; 712-a guide bar; 720-gate cylinder; 730-a gate; 740-a mud guard; 750-monitoring the subject; 760-pier benches; 770-a hoist; 780-lifting frame.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the gully type debris flow starting simulation test device according to the embodiment of the application comprises a gully basin assembly 100, a longitudinal slope reduction assembly 300, a source starting assembly 500 and a deposition observation assembly 700. The large longitudinal gradient assembly 300 is installed in the gully drainage basin assembly 100, the source starting assembly 500 is installed on the periphery of the gully drainage basin assembly 100, and the deposition observation assembly 700 is installed on the gully drainage basin assembly 100. The gully basin assembly 100 is matched with the deposition observation assembly 700 to carry out overall longitudinal slope reduction large simulation on the gully; the large longitudinal gradient assembly 300 simulates valley flow channels of local ditch punching, lays stone blocks and plastic winding belts and simulates tree forests, weeds and bedrock to emerge; the source starting assembly 500 simulates a slope source around a gully and simulates natural rainfall and mountain stream flood; the sedimentation observation assembly 700 collects debris flushed by the debris flow and observes the debris flow starting process.
As shown in fig. 2 to 8, gully debris flow has many forms in high altitude areas, the average slope of the gully of the forming area is large, the variation of each slope source is large, the debris flow starting condition is complex, the field arrangement is difficult, the excavation engineering quantity is large, the simulation and repair are difficult for many times, and the starting simulation modeling and the danger evaluation research on the gully debris flow are influenced.
The gully drain assembly 100 includes a longitudinal ramp 110, a gully head dead axle 120, a gully tail roll axle 130, a gully mouth belt 140, and a spreading motor 150. The gully head fixed shaft 120 is arranged at one end of the longitudinal slope frame 110, a fixed seat 113 is arranged on the longitudinal slope frame 110, the fixed seat 113 is bolted with the longitudinal slope frame 110, the gully head fixed shaft 120 is arranged between the fixed seats 113, and the gully head fixed shaft 120 is in key connection with the fixed seat 113. The roller shaft 130 is rotatably connected to the other end of the longitudinal slope frame 110, a rotary base 114 is arranged on the longitudinal slope frame 110, the rotary base 114 is bolted with the longitudinal slope frame 110, two ends of the roller shaft 130 are rotatably connected between the rotary base 114, and the roller shaft 130 is in bearing connection with the rotary base 114. One end of the notch belt 140 is disposed on the fixed shaft 120, and the notch belt 140 is rivet-connected to the fixed shaft 120. The other end of the gutter belt 140 is wound around the gutter-tail roller shaft 130, and the gutter belt 140 is rivet-connected to the gutter-tail roller shaft 130. The gully zone 140 is a grain surface roller-wrapping zone with various hardness, the gully bed can be conveniently wound to simulate the actual gully, the surface particles can be wound with stones and plastics for laying, and the emergence of forests, weeds and bedrocks can be simulated.
Wherein, stretch out cloth motor 150 fuselage sets up in the other end of longitudinal slope frame 110, is provided with mount pad 115 on the longitudinal slope frame 110, and mount pad 115 welds with longitudinal slope frame 110, and stretch out cloth motor 150 fuselage is fixed in on mount pad 115, and stretch out cloth motor 150 and mount pad 115 bolt are connected. The output end of the cloth spreading motor 150 is transmitted to one end of the ditch tail roller shaft 130, and the cloth spreading motor 150 is connected with the ditch tail roller shaft 130 through a coupling.
The large vertical ramp down assembly 300 includes a lift cylinder 310, a torque motor 320, a trench bottom support shaft 330, a trench side support shaft 340, and a trench type cylinder 350. The lifting cylinders 310 are uniformly arranged on the longitudinal slope frame 110, the base plate 111 is welded with the longitudinal slope frame 110, the cylinder bodies of the lifting cylinders 310 are fixed on the base plate 111, and the lifting cylinders 310 are bolted with the base plate 111. The body of the torque motor 320 is arranged at one end of a piston rod of the lifting cylinder 310, a bridge 311 is fixed at one end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 310, the bridge 311 is bolted with the lifting cylinder 310, the body of the torque motor 320 is fixed on the bridge 311, and the torque motor 320 is bolted with the bridge 311. An avoidance port 112 is formed in the base plate 111, and the body of the torque motor 320 penetrates through the avoidance port 112. The trench bottom support shaft 330 is disposed at the output end of the torque motor 320, and the output end of the torque motor 320 is fixed with a support beam 321, wherein the support beam 321 is bolted to the torque motor 320. The supporting beam 321 is provided with a base socket 322, the base socket 322 is welded with the supporting beam 321, and two ends of the groove bottom supporting shaft 330 are inserted between the base sockets 322.
Wherein, the trench side supporting shaft 340 is inserted into the output end of the torque motor 320 in a sliding manner, and one end of the trench side supporting shaft 340 is inserted into the base socket 322 in a sliding manner. The bracing beam 321 is provided with an inclined bracing socket 323, the inclined bracing socket 323 is welded with the bracing beam 321, the other end of the ditch side bracing shaft 340 is inserted into the inclined bracing socket 323 in a sliding way, the ditch mouth belt 140 is respectively attached to the surface of the ditch bottom bracing shaft 330 and the surface of the ditch side bracing shaft 340, the ditch mouth belt 140 is molded, and a natural ditch channel is simulated. The cylinder body of the groove-shaped cylinder 350 is rotatably connected to the output end of the torque motor 320, the cylinder body of the groove-shaped cylinder 350 is rotatably connected to the supporting beam 321, and the groove-shaped cylinder 350 is in pin connection with the supporting beam 321. One end of the piston rod of the groove-shaped cylinder 350 is rotatably connected to the groove side supporting shaft 340, and the groove-shaped cylinder 350 is pin-connected to the groove side supporting shaft 340.
The actual gully is complicated in mountain stream shuttle curve, relative height difference of gully drainage basin, transverse drainage basin cutting bending, and gully debris flow starting process is influenced by landform and landform. The lifting cylinder 310 is used for controlling the lifting height of the ditch bottom supporting shaft 330, the local relative height difference of a gully drainage basin is simulated, the groove-shaped cylinder 350 is used for controlling the sliding angle of the ditch side supporting shaft 340, the local ditch opening profile of the gully drainage basin is simulated, the torque motor 320 is used for controlling the integral rotation of the ditch bottom supporting shaft 330 and the ditch side supporting shaft 340, and the cutting and bending of the gully drainage basin are simulated. The lower surface of the ditch mouth belt 140 is attached to the surfaces of the ditch bottom supporting shaft 330 and the ditch side supporting shaft 340, the discharge amount of the ditch mouth belt 140 is controlled by the cloth spreading motor 150, the tensioning of the ditch mouth belt 140 is adjusted, the deformation simulation of the ditch mouth belt 140 to the ditch valley is facilitated, the ditch mouth belt 140 is a grain surface roller wrapping belt with various hardness, the winding is convenient for simulating a real ditch bed, stones and plastic winding belts can be laid, the emergence of trees, weeds and bedrocks is simulated, and the starting materials for the ditch mouth debris flow accumulation are provided. Compared with the traditional test field excavation, the excavation engineering quantity is reduced, and the gully type debris flow starting simulation modeling precision is improved.
The source starting assembly 500 includes a ramp frame 510, a ramp cylinder 520, a collapse box 530, a thrust cylinder 540, a rainer frame 550, a tailrace frame 560, and a washpipe 570. The side slope frame 510 is evenly and rotatably connected to the periphery of the longitudinal slope frame 110, and a debris flow starting material source is paved on the concrete side slope frame 510. The side frames 510 are pin-connected to the longitudinal frame 110. The body of the slope angle cylinder 520 is rotatably connected to the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the slope angle cylinder 520 is connected with the longitudinal slope frame 110 through a pin shaft. One end of a piston rod of the slope angle cylinder 520 is rotatably connected to the slope frame 510, and the slope angle cylinder 520 is connected with the slope frame 510 through a pin shaft. The collapse boxes 530 are arranged on the longitudinal slope frame 110, the collapse boxes 530 are bolted to the longitudinal slope frame 110, and side slope collapse sources are laid on the specific collapse boxes 530. The thrust cylinder 540 is disposed on the collapse box 530, and the thrust cylinder 540 is bolted to the collapse box 530. One end of a piston rod of the thrust cylinder 540 faces the side slope frame 510, one end of the piston rod of the thrust cylinder 540 is provided with a push plate 541, the push plate 541 is bolted with the thrust cylinder 540, and the push plate 541 faces the side slope frame 510, so that a collapsed material source can be conveniently pushed in.
Wherein, the rainfall frame 550 is lapped on the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the rainfall frame 550 is welded with the longitudinal slope frame 110. The rainfall frame 550 is communicated with an external water supply pipeline, the rainfall frame 550 is communicated with a water supply interface 551, the water supply interface 551 is in threaded connection and sealing with the rainfall frame 550, and the water supply interface 551 is communicated with the external water supply pipeline. The rainfall frame 550 is uniformly communicated with a regulating valve 552 and a rain spray nozzle 553, and the rainfall frame 550 is in threaded connection and sealing with the regulating valve 552 and the rain spray nozzle 553 respectively. The rain rack 550 faces the side slope rack 510 and the gutter belt 140, respectively, and the rain spray 553 faces the side slope rack 510 and the gutter belt 140, respectively, simulating gully rainfall. The groove tail slope frame 560 is disposed at the other end of the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the groove tail slope frame 560 is bolted to the longitudinal slope frame 110. The flushing pipe 570 is arranged between the groove tail slope frames 560, the other end of the longitudinal slope frame 110 is provided with an overflow cover 116, and the overflow cover 116 is bolted with the longitudinal slope frame 110. The flushing pipe 570 is disposed on the overflow cover 116, and the flushing pipe 570 is welded to the overflow cover 116. The rushing pipe 570 is connected to an external water supply line, and the rushing pipe 570 faces the gully belt 140 to simulate gully flood.
The basic conditions for the formation of a debris flow are favourable terrain, abundant loose solid matter and an adequate water source. The landforms and slopes of the bank slopes on the two sides of the gully are different, the slope angle of the slope frame 510 is adjusted through the slope angle cylinder 520, and potential energy is provided for gully debris flow through cooperation with simulation of the gully zone 140 on gully valleys of the gully. The side slope frame 510 is paved with various specifications of stones, gravels, clay and plastic winding strips, and is matched with the solid matters paved by the gully zone 140 to provide abundant loose solid matters for gully debris flow. Loose rock soil is paved in the collapse box 530, the collapse of the rock soil is controlled through the thrust cylinder 540, and the phenomenon of blocking and diversion of the collapsed rock block and the collapsed slope block on a runner of the gully is simulated. The rainfall rack 550 is communicated with an external water supply pipeline, the rainfall of the local watershed of the simulated gully is adjusted through the regulating valve 552, the scouring and the erosion of the two sides of the gully of the simulated gully are simulated, and partial gully debris flow is provided to excite a water source. The overflow pipe 570 is communicated with an external water supply pipeline to simulate the erosion of surface runoff flood to the gully and the slope surfaces at two sides and provide part of gully debris flow to stimulate a water source.
The deposition observation assembly 700 includes a deposition skirt 710, a gate cylinder 720, a gate 730, a mud flap 740, a monitoring body 750, a pier stud 760, a lift 770, and a lift 780. The deposition baffle 710 is uniformly arranged on the peripheral side of the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the deposition baffle 710 is bolted with the longitudinal slope frame 110. The gate cylinder 720 cylinder body is arranged between the deposition retaining walls 710, the door frames 711 are arranged between the deposition retaining walls 710, and the door frames 711 are bolted with the deposition retaining walls 710. The gate cylinder 720 is mounted on the door frame 711, and the gate cylinder 720 is bolted to the door frame 711. The gate 730 is disposed at one end of the piston rod of the gate cylinder 720, and the gate 730 is bolted to the gate cylinder 720. The gantry 711 is provided with a guide rod 712, and the guide rod 712 is in threaded connection with the gantry 711. The guide rod 712 is slidably inserted into the gate 730 to increase the lifting accuracy of the gate 730. The mud guard 740 is disposed on the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the mud guard 740 is bolted to the longitudinal slope frame 110. The mud guard 740 faces the deposition retaining walls 710, the monitoring bodies 750 are respectively arranged between the deposition retaining walls 710 and on the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the monitoring bodies 750 are respectively bolted with the deposition retaining walls 710 and the longitudinal slope frame 110.
The monitoring bodies 750 are distributed towards the deposition barrier 710, the gutter belt 140 and the slope frame 510 to observe the start of the trench flushing debris flow. The pier frame 760 is rotatably disposed on the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the pier frame 760 is pin-connected to the longitudinal slope frame 110. The lifting machine 770 is arranged below the side slope frame 510, the lifting frame 780 is rotatably arranged on the side slope frame 510, and the lifting frame 780 is connected with the side slope frame 510 through a pin shaft. The lifting frame 780 is lapped on the lifting machine 770, and the lifting frame 780 is bolted with the lifting machine 770. The longitudinal slope frame 110 of the adjacent side slope frame 510 and the deposition baffle 710 is provided with a fixed support shaft 117, the fixed support shaft 117 is bolted with the longitudinal slope frame 110, and the groove belt 140 is attached on the fixed support shaft 117.
The combination type of the favorable terrain, the abundant loose solid matters and the sufficient water source determines the starting scale and the source type of the gully debris flow, and the prevention and treatment area planning and the treatment measures can be pertinently carried out on the actual gully by starting research. The lifting frame 780 is controlled to rotate and lift through the lifting machine 770, and the pier stand 760 is rotationally connected with the longitudinal slope frame 110, so that longitudinal slope is provided for the whole gully simulation device, and the gully simulation device is convenient to lie flat and the landform is arranged on a plane. When the adjusting valve 552 controls the rain nozzle 553 to perform rainfall simulation on the gully, and when the rushing pipe 570 performs flood simulation on the gully, the monitoring main body 750 monitors the start process and the acceleration process of gully debris flow, and studies the scale and the flow rate of the gully debris flow under different water source supplies. The sediment retaining wall 710 and the gate 730 are used for intercepting the gully debris flow, the monitoring main body 750 is used for monitoring the gully debris flow source type in the section, the gate 730 is opened through the gate cylinder 720 by utilizing the height drop generated by the longitudinal slope frame 110, the gully debris flow flows into the debris shield 740 from the gully belt 140 and is recovered, and the type and the scale of the analyte source are tested. Through test simulation, simulation experiment research is carried out on the actual gully debris flow, a gully debris flow danger analysis structure model is established, and the gully debris flow incidence degree and the potential danger are defined.
Specifically, this gully type mud-rock flow starts analogue test device's theory of operation: the actual gully is complicated in mountain stream shuttle curve, relative height difference of gully drainage basin, transverse drainage basin cutting bending, and gully debris flow starting process is influenced by landform and landform. The lifting height of the ditch bottom supporting shaft 330 is controlled by the lifting cylinder 310, the local relative height difference of the gully drainage basin is simulated, the sliding angle of the ditch side supporting shaft 340 is controlled by the ditch-shaped cylinder 350, the local ditch mouth outline of the gully drainage basin is simulated, the integral rotation of the ditch bottom supporting shaft 330 and the ditch side supporting shaft 340 is controlled by the torque motor 320, and the cutting and bending of the gully drainage basin are simulated. The lower surface of the ditch mouth belt 140 is attached to the surfaces of the ditch bottom supporting shaft 330 and the ditch side supporting shaft 340, the discharge amount of the ditch mouth belt 140 is controlled by the cloth spreading motor 150, the tensioning of the ditch mouth belt 140 is adjusted, the deformation simulation of the ditch mouth belt 140 to the ditch valley is facilitated, the ditch mouth belt 140 is a grain surface roller wrapping belt with various hardness, the winding is convenient for simulating a real ditch bed, stones and plastic winding belts can be laid, the emergence of trees, weeds and bedrocks is simulated, and the starting materials for the ditch mouth debris flow accumulation are provided. Compared with the traditional test field excavation, the excavation engineering quantity is reduced, and the gully type debris flow starting simulation modeling precision is improved.
Further, the basic conditions for the formation of a debris flow are favourable terrain, abundant loose solid matter and an adequate water source. The landforms and slopes of the bank slopes on the two sides of the gully are different, the slope angle of the slope frame 510 is adjusted through the slope angle cylinder 520, and potential energy is provided for gully debris flow through cooperation with simulation of the gully zone 140 on gully valleys of the gully. The slope frame 510 is paved with various sizes of stones, gravels, clay and plastic wrapping tapes, and is matched with the solid matters paved by the gully belt 140 to provide abundant loose solid matters for gully debris flow. Loose rock soil is paved in the collapse box 530, the collapse of the rock soil is controlled through the thrust cylinder 540, and the phenomenon of blocking and diversion of the collapsed rock block and the collapsed slope block on a runner of the gully is simulated. The rainfall rack 550 is communicated with an external water supply pipeline, the rainfall of the local watershed of the simulated gully is adjusted through the regulating valve 552, the scouring and the erosion of the two sides of the gully of the simulated gully are simulated, and partial gully debris flow is provided to excite a water source. The overflow pipe 570 is communicated with an external water supply pipeline to simulate the erosion of surface runoff flood to the gully and the slope surfaces at two sides, and provide part of gully debris flow to stimulate water source.
In addition, the combination type of favorable terrain, abundant loose solid matters and sufficient water sources determines the starting scale and the source type of the gully debris flow, and the prevention and treatment area planning and the treatment measures can be pertinently carried out on the actual gully by starting research. The lifting frame 780 is controlled to rotate and lift through the lifting machine 770, and the pier stand 760 is rotationally connected with the longitudinal slope frame 110, so that longitudinal slope is provided for the whole simulation gully, the gully simulation device can be conveniently laid down, and the landform and landform are arranged on the plane. When the adjusting valve 552 controls the rain nozzle 553 to perform rainfall simulation on the gully, and when the rushing pipe 570 performs flood simulation on the gully, the monitoring main body 750 monitors the start process and the acceleration process of gully debris flow, and studies the scale and the flow rate of the gully debris flow under different water source supplies. The sediment retaining wall 710 and the gate 730 are used for intercepting the gully debris flow, the monitoring main body 750 is used for monitoring the gully debris flow source type in the section, the gate 730 is opened through the gate cylinder 720 by utilizing the height drop generated by the longitudinal slope frame 110, the gully debris flow flows into the debris shield 740 from the gully belt 140 and is recovered, and the type and the scale of the analyte source are tested. Through test simulation, simulation experiment research is carried out on the actual gully debris flow, a gully debris flow danger analysis structure model is established, and the gully debris flow incidence degree and the potential danger are defined.
It should be noted that the specific model specifications of the spreading motor 150, the lifting cylinder 310, the torque motor 320, the groove-type cylinder 350, the slope angle cylinder 520, the thrust cylinder 540, the regulating valve 552, the gate cylinder 720, the monitoring body 750 and the elevator 770 need to be determined by type selection according to the actual specification of the device, and the specific type selection calculation method adopts the prior art in the field, and therefore, detailed description is omitted.
The power supply and the principle of the spreading motor 150, the lifting cylinder 310, the torque motor 320, the groove cylinder 350, the slope angle cylinder 520, the thrust cylinder 540, the regulating valve 552, the gate cylinder 720, the monitoring body 750 and the lifter 770 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
The above embodiments are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
Claims (10)
1. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device is characterized by comprising
The gully drainage basin assembly (100) comprises a longitudinal slope frame (110), a gully head fixed shaft (120), a gully tail roller shaft (130), a gully opening belt (140) and a cloth stretching motor (150), wherein the gully head fixed shaft (120) is arranged at one end of the longitudinal slope frame (110), the gully tail roller shaft (130) is rotatably connected to the other end of the longitudinal slope frame (110), one end of the gully opening belt (140) is arranged on the gully head fixed shaft (120), the other end of the gully opening belt (140) is wound on the gully tail roller shaft (130), a machine body of the cloth stretching motor (150) is arranged at the other end of the longitudinal slope frame (110), and the output end of the cloth stretching motor (150) is transmitted to one end of the gully tail roller shaft (130);
the vertical slope falls big subassembly (300), vertical slope falls big subassembly (300) including lift jar (310), torque motor (320), ditch end brace axle (330), ditch side brace axle (340) and ditch type jar (350), lift jar (310) evenly set up in on vertical slope frame (110), torque motor (320) fuselage set up in lift jar (310) piston rod one end, ditch end brace axle (330) set up in torque motor (320) output, ditch side brace axle (340) slip peg graft in torque motor (320) output, notch area (140) laminate respectively in ditch end brace axle (330) surface with ditch side brace axle (340) surface, ditch type jar (350) body rotate connect in torque motor (320) output, ditch type jar (350) piston rod one end rotate connect in on ditch side brace axle (340).
2. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein a base plate (111) is arranged on the longitudinal slope frame (110), the body of the lifting cylinder (310) is fixed on the base plate (111), an avoidance port (112) is formed in the base plate (111), and the body of the torque motor (320) penetrates through the avoidance port (112).
3. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein a bridge (311) is fixed at one end of a piston rod of the lifting cylinder (310), and a body of the torque motor (320) is fixed on the bridge (311).
4. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device of claim 1, wherein the output end of the torque motor (320) is fixedly provided with a support beam (321), and the gully type cylinder (350) is rotatably connected with the support beam (321).
5. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device according to claim 4, wherein the supporting beam (321) is provided with base sockets (322), two ends of the gully bottom supporting shaft (330) are inserted between the base sockets (322), and one end of the gully side supporting shaft (340) is slidably inserted into the base sockets (322).
6. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device according to claim 5, wherein the supporting beam (321) is provided with an inclined support socket (323), and the other end of the gully side supporting shaft (340) is slidably inserted into the inclined support socket (323).
7. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal slope frame (110) is provided with fixing seats (113), and the gully head fixed shaft (120) is arranged between the fixing seats (113).
8. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a swivel base (114) is arranged on the longitudinal slope frame (110), and two ends of the gully tail roller shaft (130) are rotatably connected between the swivel base (114).
9. The gully type debris flow starting simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein a mounting seat (115) is arranged on the longitudinal slope frame (110), and a body of the spreading motor (150) is fixed on the mounting seat (115).
10. The gully type debris flow start simulation test device of claim 1, wherein the gully belt (140) is a grain coated roller belt with various hardness, is wound to simulate a real gully bed, can be laid with stone and plastic winding belts, and simulates forest, weed and bedrock exposure.
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| CN202310282620.8A CN115979584B (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Gully type debris flow starting simulation test device |
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