CN113325158A - Test device and method for simulating landslide-debris flow disaster chain - Google Patents
Test device and method for simulating landslide-debris flow disaster chain Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
The invention provides a test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain, and relates to the technical field of landslide-debris flow disaster chain simulation research; the test device comprises: a test simulation system and a data monitoring system; the test simulation system comprises a simulated accumulation pool, a simulated circulation telescopic tank, a simulated slope assembly, a simulated rainfall assembly and a water tank; the simulated slope component comprises a simulated slope plate, two baffle plates and a jack; the simulated slope plate is obliquely arranged at the top of the water tank; the jack is arranged at the top of the water tank and used for adjusting the inclination angle of the analog slope plate; the two baffle plates are oppositely arranged on the simulated slope plate; the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is communicated with the simulated accumulation pool, and the upper end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is communicated with the lower end of the simulated slope plate; the rainfall simulation assembly is arranged on the water tank; the invention also provides a test method of the test device for simulating the landslide-debris flow disaster chain, which can simulate the condition that a slope soil body is unstable under the rainfall condition and the landslide-debris flow disaster chain is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide-debris flow disaster chain simulation research, in particular to a test device and a method for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain.
Background
Landslide and debris flow are central carriers of mountain disaster chains, and the landslide-debris flow disaster chains formed by the landslide-debris flow disaster chains are the most common mountain disaster chain form. The landslide-debris flow disaster chain is characterized in that a catastrophe phenomenon of debris flow is caused under a certain specific condition due to the occurrence of landslide, the landslide is understood to be a disaster source of the disaster chain, and whether debris flow is started is a key link for judging whether the disaster chain evolves into a disaster or not, so that the landslide-debris flow disaster chain is expressed as a chain disaster and has certain concealment and disaster chain effects. Once a landslide-debris flow disaster chain is in disaster, the method is extremely high in destructiveness, wide in influence range and extremely serious in engineering damage.
Factors having a large influence on the intensity of a rainfall landslide-debris flow disaster chain disaster include a slope gradient, a drainage basin area, a longitudinal gradient of a ditch bed and a rainfall type; however, the simulation and monitoring means of the landslide-debris flow disaster chain are not mature at present, and the discussion of the main disaster intensity variable is not effectively verified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain, which can effectively simulate the formation and evolution of the landslide-debris flow disaster chain and explore the influence of the slope of a hillside, the area of a drainage basin, the longitudinal gradient of a ditch bed and the rainfall type on the disaster intensity.
The invention provides a test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain, which comprises: a test simulation system and a data monitoring system;
the test simulation system comprises a simulated accumulation pool, a simulated circulation telescopic tank, a simulated slope assembly, a simulated rainfall assembly and a water tank; the simulated slope assembly comprises a simulated slope plate, two baffle plates and a jack; the simulated slope plate is obliquely arranged at the top of the water tank; the jack is arranged at the top of the water tank, is connected with the upper end of the simulation slope plate and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the simulation slope plate; the two baffle plates are oppositely arranged on the analog slope plate; the baffle plates are movably arranged on the simulated slope plate, so that the distance between the two baffle plates is adjustable; the two baffles are matched with the simulated slope plate and used for placing a slope soil body and guiding the slope soil body to the simulated circulation telescopic groove; the simulation slope plate is provided with a filter hole; the top of the water tank is provided with an opening, the opening is positioned right below the filtering hole and is used for collecting water flowing out of the filtering hole into the water tank; the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is communicated with the simulated accumulation tank, and the upper end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is communicated with the lower end of the simulated slope plate and used for guiding the slope soil body to the simulated accumulation tank; the upper end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is rotatably connected with the top of the water tank; an anti-collision plate is rotatably arranged at the joint of the simulated accumulation pool and the simulated circulation telescopic groove and used for closing or opening the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove; the rainfall simulation assembly is arranged on the water tank and used for spraying water onto the slope soil body to enable the slope soil body to be unstable; the rainfall simulation assembly is provided with a flow regulating valve for regulating the flow of water sprayed onto the slope soil body;
the data monitoring system comprises a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor, a fiber sensing demodulator, a first inclinometer and a second inclinometer; the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is arranged on one side, close to the simulated circulation telescopic groove, of the anti-collision plate and used for detecting the impact force when the slope soil body slides to the simulated accumulation tank; the first inclinometer is arranged on the outer side wall of the simulated circulation telescopic groove and is used for measuring the inclination angle of the simulated circulation telescopic groove; the second inclinometer is arranged on the outer side of the baffle and used for measuring the inclination angle of the simulated slope board; and the optical fiber sensing demodulator is in communication connection with the optical fiber grating pressure sensor.
In some preferred embodiments, the simulated flow-through expansion slot comprises a first flow-through section and a second flow-through section; one end of the first circulation section is sleeved in the second circulation section; the upper end of the second circulation section is rotatably connected with the top of the water tank; the lower end of the first circulation section is communicated with the simulated accumulation tank; the upper end of the first circulation section is detachably connected with the lower end of the second circulation section and is used for adjusting the length of the simulated circulation telescopic groove.
In some more preferred embodiments, the test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain further comprises a fastening bolt; the upper end of the first circulation section is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes; a plurality of said first mounting holes are located on a side plate of said first flow-through section; the lower end of the second circulation section is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes matched with the first mounting holes; a plurality of the second mounting holes are located on the side plate of the second flow-through section; the fastening bolt is installed in the first installation hole and the second installation hole, so that the first circulation section and the second circulation section are connected; the simulation circulation telescopic groove is matched with the fastening bolt through the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole to realize the adjustment of the length.
In some preferred embodiments, the simulated ramp assembly further comprises a first detent and a second detent; a first clamping groove and a second clamping groove are formed in the first clamping block; a third clamping groove and a fourth clamping groove are formed in the second clamping block; the first clamping block and the second clamping block are clamped at the upper end and the lower end of the analog slope plate through the first clamping groove and the third clamping groove respectively; two ends of the baffle are respectively clamped in the second clamping groove and the fourth clamping groove; the baffle is vertically arranged on the simulated slope plate through the first clamping block and the second clamping block.
In some preferred embodiments, a drain pipe is provided on a side wall of the water tank to drain water in the water tank to the outside.
In some preferred embodiments, the rainfall assembly comprises a shower head and a water delivery pipe; the water conveying pipe is arranged on the water tank; one end of the water conveying pipe extends above the simulated slope plate and is connected with the spray header; the other end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with an external water source; the flow regulating valve is arranged on the water conveying pipe.
The invention also provides a test method of the test device for simulating the landslide-debris flow disaster chain, which comprises the following steps:
s1, configuring a slope soil sample;
s2, adjusting the inclination angle of the simulated slope plate and the distance between the baffles according to the test requirement, and adjusting the length and the inclination angle of the simulated flow telescopic groove;
s3, uniformly paving the slope soil sample on the simulated slope assembly to form a slope soil body;
s4, spraying water onto the slope soil body through the rainfall simulation assembly, adjusting the flow of the water sprayed onto the slope soil body according to test requirements, and continuously spraying the water onto the slope soil body to cause instability;
s5, collecting impact force when the slope soil body slides to impact the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor through the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor;
and S6, recording the shape of the slope soil body after sliding to the simulated accumulation pool.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the test device for simulating the landslide-debris flow disaster chain can simulate the condition that a slope soil body is unstable under the rainfall condition and the landslide-debris flow disaster chain is generated; the influence of different slope soil body widths on the landslide-debris flow disaster chain disaster intensity can be simulated by adjusting the distance between the two baffles; the jack is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the simulated slope plate, so that the influence of the inclination angle of the slope soil body on the landslide-debris flow disaster chain disaster intensity can be simulated; the influence of longitudinal gradient of the ditch bed on the disaster intensity of the landslide-debris flow disaster chain can be simulated by adjusting the length and the inclination angle of the simulated telescopic groove; the influence of rainfall in unit time on the disaster intensity of the landslide-debris flow disaster chain can be simulated by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve; meanwhile, the impact force generated when the slope soil body collides with the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor can be used as a dependent variable, the width of the slope soil body, the inclination angle of the slope soil body, the longitudinal gradient of the trench bed of the simulated circulation telescopic groove and the rainfall of the rainfall simulation assembly are used as independent variables, and the influence of the four factors on the disaster intensity of the landslide-debris flow disaster chain is explored through a control variable method, so that theoretical guidance is provided for preventing the landslide-debris flow disaster chain from occurring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test apparatus for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a simulated ramp plate 11 and a baffle plate 12 in the test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain in fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first engaging block 15 in the assembly structure of the simulated ramp plate 11 and the baffle plate 12 in fig. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the second engaging block 16 in the assembly structure of the simulated ramp plate 11 and the blocking plate 12 in fig. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated flow-through telescopic trough 5 in the test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain in FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is an exploded view of the structure of the simulated flow-through trough 5 of fig. 5;
wherein, 1, simulating a stacking tank; 2. an anti-collision plate; 3. a fiber grating pressure sensor; 4. an optical fiber sensing demodulator; 5. simulating a flow expansion tank; 501. a first flow-through section; 502. a second flow-through section; 503. fastening a bolt; 504. a first mounting hole; 505. a second mounting hole; 6. a first inclinometer; 7. a water tank; 701. a drain pipe; 702. an opening; 8. a second inclinometer; 9. a shower head; 10. a water delivery pipe; 11. simulating a slope board; 12. a baffle plate; 1201. a filtration pore; 13. a jack; 14. a flow regulating valve; 15. a first clamping block; 1501. a first card slot; 1502. a second card slot; 16. a second fixture block; 1601. a third card slot; 1602. and a fourth card slot.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a test apparatus for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain, including: a test simulation system and a data monitoring system;
the test simulation system comprises a simulated accumulation pool 1, a simulated circulation telescopic tank 5, a simulated slope component, a simulated rainfall component and a water tank 7; the simulated slope component comprises a simulated slope plate 11, two baffle plates 12 and a jack 13; the simulated slope plate 11 is obliquely arranged at the top of the water tank 7; the jack 13 is arranged at the top of the water tank 7, is connected with the upper end of the analog slope plate 11 and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the analog slope plate 11; the lower end of the simulated slope plate 11 is hinged with the top of the water tank 7, so that the inclination angle of the simulated slope plate 11 is adjustable; the two baffles 12 are oppositely arranged on the simulated slope board 11; the baffles 12 are movably arranged on the simulated slope board 11, so that the distance between the two baffles 12 is adjustable; the two baffles 12 are matched with the simulated slope plate 11 and used for placing slope soil and guiding the slope soil to the simulated circulation telescopic slot 5; the simulated slope plate 11 is provided with a filtering hole 1201; an opening 702 is formed in the top of the water tank 7, and the opening 702 is located right below the filter hole 1201 and used for collecting water flowing out of the filter hole 1201 into the water tank 7; the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5 is communicated with the simulated accumulation tank 1, and the upper end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is communicated with the lower end of the simulated slope plate 11 and is used for guiding the slope soil body into the simulated accumulation tank 1; after the rainfall simulation assembly sprays water onto the slope soil body, the water can flow into the water tank 7 through the filter holes 1201 and the opening 702, so that part of the water on the slope soil body is collected; the upper end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5 is rotatably connected with the top of the water tank 7, and the influence of longitudinal gradient of the ditch bed on the disaster intensity of the landslide-debris flow disaster chain can be simulated by adjusting the length and the inclination angle of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5; an anti-collision plate 2 is rotatably arranged at the joint of the simulated accumulation pool 1 and the simulated circulation telescopic tank 5 and is used for closing or opening the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic tank 5; a stacking tank opening (not shown) is arranged on one side wall of the simulation stacking tank 1; the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5 is communicated with the simulated accumulation tank 1 through the accumulation tank opening; when in use, the opening of the accumulation pool is aligned with the opening at the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5, so that the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5 is communicated with the simulated accumulation pool 1; one side of the anti-collision plate 2 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the simulated accumulation tank 1; after the slope soil body is unstable, the slope soil body can slide to the collision-resistant plate 2 through the simulated slope assembly and the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5 and then enters the simulated accumulation pool 1; the rainfall simulation component is arranged on the water tank 7 and used for spraying water onto the slope soil body to enable the slope soil body to be unstable; the rainfall simulation component is provided with a flow regulating valve 14 for regulating the flow of water sprayed onto the slope soil body;
the data monitoring system comprises a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 3, a fiber sensing demodulator 4, a first inclinometer 6 and a second inclinometer 8; the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 3 is arranged on one side, close to the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5, of the anti-collision plate 2 and used for detecting the impact force when the slope soil body slides to the simulated accumulation tank 1; when the slope soil body collides with the anti-collision plate 2, the slope soil body can collide with the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 3, so that the impact force is detected; the first inclinometer 6 is arranged on the outer side wall of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5 and is used for measuring the inclination angle of the simulated circulation telescopic groove 5; the second inclinometer 8 is arranged on the outer side of the baffle 12 and used for measuring the inclination angle of the analog slope board 11; the optical fiber sensing demodulator 4 is in communication connection with the optical fiber grating pressure sensor 3; specifically, the optical fiber sensing demodulator 4 is in communication connection with the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor 3 through an optical fiber; the optical fiber sensing demodulator 4 is used for receiving and displaying the impact force when the slope soil body slides to the simulation accumulation pool 1.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the simulated flow-through expansion slot 5 includes a first flow-through section 501 and a second flow-through section 502; one end of the first circulation section 501 is sleeved in the second circulation section 502; the upper end of the second circulation section 502 is rotatably connected with the top of the water tank 7; the lower end of the first circulation section 501 is communicated with the simulated accumulation tank 1; the upper end of the first circulation section 501 is detachably connected with the lower end of the second circulation section 502, and is used for adjusting the length of the simulated circulation telescopic slot 5; the test device for simulating the landslide-debris flow disaster chain further comprises a fastening bolt 503; the upper end of the first circulation section 501 is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes 504; a plurality of first mounting holes 504 are distributed along the length direction of the first flow-through section 501; a plurality of first mounting holes 504 are located on the side plate of the first flow-through section 501; the lower end of the second flow-through section 502 is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes 505 used in cooperation with the first mounting holes 504; a plurality of second mounting holes 505 are located on the side plate of the second flow-through section 502; the second mounting holes 505 are distributed along the length direction of the second flow-through section 502; the fastening bolt 503 is installed in the first installation hole 504 and the second installation hole 505 to realize the connection of the first circulation section 501 and the second circulation section 502; the length of the simulated flow expansion slot 5 is adjusted through the cooperation of the first mounting hole 504, the second mounting hole 505 and the fastening bolt 503; when the length of the simulated flow expansion slot 5 needs to be adjusted, the fastening bolt 503 is unscrewed, the length of the first flow section 501 inserted into the second flow section 502 is adjusted, at least one first mounting hole 504 is overlapped with a second mounting hole 505, and then the fastening bolt 503 is mounted in the first mounting hole 504 and the second mounting hole 505, so that the adjustment of the length of the simulated flow expansion slot 5 is realized.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 to 4, the simulated ramp assembly further includes a first latch 15 and a second latch 16; the first clamping block 15 is provided with a first clamping groove 1501 and a second clamping groove 1502; a third card slot 1601 and a fourth card slot 1602 are arranged on the second card block 16; the first fixture block 15 and the second fixture block 16 are respectively clamped at the upper end and the lower end of the simulated slope board 11 through the first clamp groove 1501 and the third clamp groove 1601; the number of the first fixture blocks 15 is two, and the two first fixture blocks 15 are clamped at the lower end of the simulated slope plate 11; the number of the second fixture blocks 16 is two, and the two second fixture blocks 16 are clamped at the upper end of the analog slope plate 11; two ends of the baffle 12 are respectively clamped in the second clamping groove 1502 and the fourth clamping groove 1602; the blocking plate 12 is vertically arranged on the analog slope plate 11 through a first latch 15 and a second latch 16.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to discharge water in the water tank 7 to the outside, a drain pipe 701 is provided on a side wall of the water tank 7.
Specifically, with reference to fig. 1, the rainfall assembly comprises a shower head 9 and a water duct 10; the water delivery pipe 10 is arranged on the water tank 7; one end of the water delivery pipe 10 extends above the simulated slope plate 11 and is connected with the spray header 9; the other end of the water pipe 10 is used for being communicated with an external water source; the flow rate regulating valve 14 is provided on the water transport pipe 10.
The test method of the test device for simulating the landslide-debris flow disaster chain in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, configuring a slope soil sample;
taking silty clay, loam sandstones, marl and shale weathered crushed stones as examples, the soil bodies are characterized by loose structure, low mechanical strength, large difference of component particle sizes and strong water permeability; drying the soil body in an oven, and then screening; according to the similarity ratio of 1:10, screening soil with the particle size of less than 5cm to obtain a soil sample with the maximum particle size of 50mm, wherein the mass of the soil sample with the particle size of 2-10 mm accounts for 15% of the total mass of the soil sample; then preparing the screened soil sample into a soil sample with the water content of 15%; the required soil samples are more, the water content can be prepared for many times, the soil samples are dried in an oven, the mass of the dry soil samples is weighed by a large platform scale, then the mass of water required by the soil samples stirred each time is weighed, and the dry soil samples and the water are stirred and mixed uniformly; the principle of adding water is followed a little for many times, and the water content of the soil sample is measured after each time of adding water and stirring to prevent excessive water addition; covering the prepared soil sample with plastic paper to prevent moisture from evaporating in a large amount; before building a slope soil body, a soil humidity sensor is used for detecting whether the humidity is 15%, if the difference is large, water or soil is added, and the humidity is adjusted to be 15%.
S2, adjusting the inclination angle of the simulated slope plate 11 to 37 degrees through the matching of the jack 13 and the second inclinometer 8; adjusting the distance between the two baffles 12 to be 20cm, namely determining the area of the watershed; the length of the simulated flow expansion groove 5 is adjusted to make the inclination angle of the simulated flow expansion groove 5 37 degrees, namely the longitudinal gradient of the ditch bed is determined.
S3, paving the prepared slope soil sample on the simulated slope board 11 to enable the thickness of the slope soil to be about 5 cm.
S4, starting the rainfall simulation component to start rainfall simulation; adjusting the rainfall to strong rainfall through a flow regulating valve 14, and keeping the strong rainfall until the slope soil body is unstable; wherein, when the rainfall flow is more than 100ml/min, the rainfall is strong; the rainfall flow is between 50 and 100ml/min and is the medium rainfall; when the rainfall flow is less than 50ml/min, the rainfall is smaller.
S5, along with the instability of the slope soil body, the slope soil body can collide with the anti-collision plate 2 and the fiber grating pressure sensor 3 through the simulation circulation telescopic groove 5, the impact force (namely the impact force of the simulation debris flow) when the slope soil body slides to impact the fiber grating pressure sensor 3 is collected through the fiber grating pressure sensor 3, and the impact force is displayed and recorded through the optical fiber sensing demodulator 4.
And S6, recording the shape of the slope soil body after the slope soil body slides to the simulated accumulation pool 1, and ending the test.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain is characterized by comprising: a test simulation system and a data monitoring system;
the test simulation system comprises a simulated accumulation pool, a simulated circulation telescopic tank, a simulated slope assembly, a simulated rainfall assembly and a water tank; the simulated slope assembly comprises a simulated slope plate, two baffle plates and a jack; the simulated slope plate is obliquely arranged at the top of the water tank; the jack is arranged at the top of the water tank, is connected with the upper end of the simulation slope plate and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the simulation slope plate; the two baffle plates are oppositely arranged on the analog slope plate; the baffle plates are movably arranged on the simulated slope plate, so that the distance between the two baffle plates is adjustable; the two baffles are matched with the simulated slope plate and used for placing a slope soil body and guiding the slope soil body to the simulated circulation telescopic groove; the simulation slope plate is provided with a filter hole; the top of the water tank is provided with an opening, the opening is positioned right below the filtering hole and is used for collecting water flowing out of the filtering hole into the water tank; the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is communicated with the simulated accumulation tank, and the upper end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is communicated with the lower end of the simulated slope plate and used for guiding the slope soil body to the simulated accumulation tank; the upper end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove is rotatably connected with the top of the water tank; an anti-collision plate is rotatably arranged at the joint of the simulated accumulation pool and the simulated circulation telescopic groove and used for closing or opening the lower end of the simulated circulation telescopic groove; the rainfall simulation assembly is arranged on the water tank and used for spraying water onto the slope soil body to enable the slope soil body to be unstable; the rainfall simulation assembly is provided with a flow regulating valve for regulating the flow of water sprayed onto the slope soil body;
the data monitoring system comprises a fiber bragg grating pressure sensor, a fiber sensing demodulator, a first inclinometer and a second inclinometer; the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is arranged on one side, close to the simulated circulation telescopic groove, of the anti-collision plate and used for detecting the impact force when the slope soil body slides to the simulated accumulation tank; the first inclinometer is arranged on the outer side wall of the simulated circulation telescopic groove and is used for measuring the inclination angle of the simulated circulation telescopic groove; the second inclinometer is arranged on the outer side of the baffle and used for measuring the inclination angle of the simulated slope board; and the optical fiber sensing demodulator is in communication connection with the optical fiber grating pressure sensor.
2. The test rig for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain of claim 1, wherein the simulated flow-through trough comprises a first flow-through section and a second flow-through section; one end of the first circulation section is sleeved in the second circulation section; the upper end of the second circulation section is rotatably connected with the top of the water tank; the lower end of the first circulation section is communicated with the simulated accumulation tank; the upper end of the first circulation section is detachably connected with the lower end of the second circulation section and is used for adjusting the length of the simulated circulation telescopic groove.
3. The test rig for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain according to claim 2, further comprising a fastening bolt; the upper end of the first circulation section is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes; a plurality of said first mounting holes are located on a side plate of said first flow-through section; the lower end of the second circulation section is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes matched with the first mounting holes; a plurality of the second mounting holes are located on the side plate of the second flow-through section; the fastening bolt is installed in the first installation hole and the second installation hole, so that the first circulation section and the second circulation section are connected; the simulation circulation telescopic groove is matched with the fastening bolt through the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole to realize the adjustment of the length.
4. The test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain according to claim 1, wherein the simulated slope assembly further comprises a first fixture block and a second fixture block; a first clamping groove and a second clamping groove are formed in the first clamping block; a third clamping groove and a fourth clamping groove are formed in the second clamping block; the first clamping block and the second clamping block are clamped at the upper end and the lower end of the analog slope plate through the first clamping groove and the third clamping groove respectively; two ends of the baffle are respectively clamped in the second clamping groove and the fourth clamping groove; the baffle is vertically arranged on the simulated slope plate through the first clamping block and the second clamping block.
5. The test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain according to claim 1, wherein a drain pipe is provided on a side wall of the water tank for discharging water in the water tank to the outside.
6. The test device for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain according to claim 1, wherein the rainfall assembly comprises a spray header and a water delivery pipe; the water conveying pipe is arranged on the water tank; one end of the water conveying pipe extends above the simulated slope plate and is connected with the spray header; the other end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with an external water source; the flow regulating valve is arranged on the water conveying pipe.
7. A test method using the test apparatus for simulating a landslide-debris flow disaster chain according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, configuring a slope soil sample;
s2, adjusting the inclination angle of the simulated slope plate and the distance between the baffles according to the test requirement, and adjusting the length and the inclination angle of the simulated flow telescopic groove;
s3, uniformly paving the slope soil sample on the simulated slope assembly to form a slope soil body;
s4, spraying water onto the slope soil body through the rainfall simulation assembly, adjusting the flow of the water sprayed onto the slope soil body according to test requirements, and continuously spraying the water onto the slope soil body to cause instability;
s5, collecting impact force when the slope soil body slides to impact the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor through the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor;
and S6, recording the shape of the slope soil body after sliding to the simulated accumulation pool.
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