CN106049089A - 一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺 - Google Patents
一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,包括依次进行微胶囊分散染料处理工艺和还原染料处理工艺;所述微胶囊分散染料处理工艺包括微胶囊分散染料染色、初水洗、皂洗和后水洗;所述还原染料处理工艺包括染料还原、上染、水洗、氧化、皂洗、热洗和烘干;在所述微胶囊分散染料染色工艺中,将所述涤棉织物按照浴比1:10‑20浸渍染液,所述染液配方包括:微胶囊分散染料1‑3%(owf)、pH缓冲剂1‑2g/L和匀染剂1‑2g/L。所述涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其不仅具有匀染度好,色差小,色牢度高的优点,而且工艺简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及印染技术领域,尤其涉及一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺。
背景技术
涤棉织物的染色,在实际生产中大多采用分散/活性染料一浴两步法,该染色工艺相对简单,操作方便,容易控制,但活性染料的染色牢度,尤其是耐氯牢度较差。由于还原染料具有色谱齐全,染后色泽鲜艳,耐晒、耐洗、耐氯漂等色牢度好的优点,因此采用分散/还原法对涤棉混纺织物进行染色,能改善活性染料染色的不足,满足客户对高品质产品的需求。其中还原染料染色通常采用浸染法,常用的方法有悬浮体法和隐色体法。其中,隐色体法染色是将染料在一定量的烧碱和保险粉和温度条件下充分还原后加入主缸,开始染色,再经水洗、氧化、皂洗完成染色的全过程,该方法具有较活性染料更好的湿处理牢度和耐光复合牢度,多用于牢度要求较高的棉织物浸染加工。
现有的涤棉染色织物在利用分散还原进行染色的过程中通常都较为简单,生产出的涤棉织物成品时的染色效果通常都不如人意,在洗涤时常常发生褪色的现象,导致其他服装收到褪色影响而无法使用。因此,研发一种不褪色、质量好的涤棉织物的分散还原染色工艺成为目前亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
基于背景技术中存在的问题,本发明提出了一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其不仅具有匀染度好,色差小,色牢度高的优点,而且工艺简单。
本发明提出了一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,包括依次进行微胶囊分散染料处理工艺和还原染料处理工艺;
其中,所述微胶囊分散染料处理工艺包括微胶囊分散染料染色、初水洗、皂洗和后水洗;所述还原染料处理工艺包括染料还原、上染、水洗、氧化、皂洗、热洗和烘干;
在所述微胶囊分散染料染色工艺中,将所述涤棉混纺织物按照浴比1:10-20浸渍染液,所述染液配方包括:微胶囊分散染料1-3%(owf)、pH缓冲剂1-2g/L和匀染剂1-2g/L,再在20-30℃条件下入染,以2-3℃/min的升温速率升温至55-65℃,保温8-15min,接着以1-1.5℃/min的升温速率升温至90-110℃,保温25-35min,再隔离微胶囊分散染料续染5-15min,接着以1.5-2℃/min的升温速率降温至35-45℃;
在所述染料还原工艺中,将0.01-10%(owf)的还原染料按照浴比1:5-20稀释,加入烧碱5-20g/L、还原剂5-10g/L、分散螯合剂1-2g/L、尿素1-2g/L和平平加O 1-5g/L,密封后,以0.2-1℃/min的升温速率升温至55-75℃,保温10-30min;
在所述上染工艺中,将待染棉涤织物加入经还原后的染料液中,再以1-5℃/min的升温速率升温至90-110℃,保温5-20min,接着加入促染盐5-50g/L,续染5-15min,再冷却降温至50℃以下。
优选地,所述微胶囊分散染料的制备方法包括:向浓度为30-45g/L的分散染料悬浮液中,加入浓度为55-75g/L的明胶溶液,搅拌使其分散均匀,再加入浓度为55-75g/L的阿拉伯胶溶液,同样搅拌使其分散均匀,接着加热至55-75℃,在搅拌条件下,用浓度为5-10wt%的稀醋酸调节pH值为4-5,加水搅拌5-10min后,冷却至5-10℃,再采用浓度为20-25wt%的NaOH溶液调节pH值为8-9,接着加入浓度为35-40wt%的戊二醛溶液,固化反应1.5-2.5h,离心水洗后烘干,得到所述微胶囊分散染料;优选地,所述分散染料悬浮液、明胶溶液、阿拉伯胶溶液、水、戊二醛溶液的体积比为1:1-2:1-2:5-10:0.1-0.3。
优选地,所述分散染料为单一的分散染料或复配的分散染料。
优选地,在所述分散染料处理工艺中,初水洗温度为30-35℃,初水洗时间为5-15min;后水洗温度为20-25℃,后水洗时间为5-15min。
优选地,在所述分散染料处理工艺中,皂洗采用皂洗剂,皂洗温度为50-60℃,皂洗时间为5-15min,浴比为1:30-50,所述皂洗剂包括:皂片1-2g/L、无水碳酸钠4-6g/L。
优选地,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,所述还原剂的制备方法包括:将还原糖加入水中搅拌均匀,滴加乙二醛溶液,并加入磷酸钠调节pH值为9-10,再在40-60℃条件下搅拌反应1-2h,接着加入焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲,再在70-95℃条件下搅拌反应2-4h,干燥后得到所述还原剂。
优选地,还原糖、乙二醛溶液、焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲的重量配比为:1:0.01-0.1:1-1.5:0.6-0.8:0.2-0.4;优选地,所述还原糖选自葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖、乳糖中的一种或者至少两种的组合。
优选地,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,所述促染盐按照重量比是由1:3-5:1-3的硫酸钠、氯化钠和柠檬酸钠复配而成。
优选地,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,氧化采用含量为28-30wt%的双氧水,双氧水的用量为1-3g/L,氧化温度为30-50℃,氧化时间为5-20min,浴比为1:5-20;皂洗采用皂洗剂,所述皂洗剂包括:净洗剂209 1-3g/L、纯碱1-2g/L,皂洗温度为90-100℃,皂洗时间为5-20min,浴比为1:30-50。
优选地,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,热洗采用温度为60-80℃的热流水冲洗,冲洗时间为3-5min;烘干温度为80-100℃,烘制时间为5-10min。
本发明中,针对所述涤棉织物的表面特性,提出了一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,利用分散染料和还原染料分别对涤纶纤维和棉纤维进行染色。
首先,考虑到分散染料和还原染料的染色性能差异很大,其采用分散浴法对其进行染色,并且由于还原染料的后续染色过程较为苛刻,本发明中先将涤棉织物进行分散染料处理,为了避免分散染料对布面性能产生较大影响,不利于后续还原染料的染色处理,本发明在所述分散染料处理过程中,选择相对较低的温度下对涤棉织物进行染色处理,同时为了在低温下还能获得较高的色牢度,选择利用微胶囊分散染料配置的染液进行上染,所述微胶囊分散染料采用复合凝聚法制成,其中由于明胶在低于其等电点的情况下带正电荷,而阿拉伯胶在pH值为3-9的情况下带负电,因此在一定的pH值、温度和浓度下,这两种聚合物因带相反电荷而相互作用,从而形成一种具有包囊作用的复合物膜,经过戊二醛固化后,制成了以明胶和阿拉伯胶为复合载体材料(壁材)、复配分散染料(核体)的核-壳微胶囊分散染料,该微胶囊分散染料具有优良的缓释功能,因此可以对上染速度进行控制,从而具有良好的匀染效果,同时利用其隔离性能,防止染料对棉纤维的沾染而形成斑渍,并且在较高浓度的电解质存在时仍能保持良好的染色性能,因此有效避免了后续还原染料对分散染料染色效果的破坏;此外,在分散染料处理过程工艺中,本发明中还对分散染料染色时严格控制升温速率,使分散染料上染的敏感区域升温速较慢,同时分散染料染色后进行了充分的清洗,由此获得了较好的染色效果,整个布面染色均匀度、重现性且色牢度都极好。
此后,本发明在对所述涤棉混纺织物进行还原染料处理工艺中,采用还原染料隐色体染色工艺,对染料进行还原溶解,由于采用将还原糖经乙二醛溶液反应后与保险粉以及二氧化硫脲进行复配改性作为还原剂,还原糖经乙二醛溶液改性后,还原能力得到极大改善,其与保险粉、二氧化硫脲复配作为还原剂,再加入烧碱,得到了一种可以在特定温度下还原力不断释放的复配还原体系,因此可以保证所述还原染料被还原生成具有良好分散稳定性能的还原隐色体钠盐,其有利于后续浸染的均匀度和重现度;与此同时,还原体系中尿素等的加入则进一步使得整个还原体系的还原能力趋向稳定,并且也可以增强隐色体钠盐的渗透性,获得较好的色牢度;此后对所述棉涤织物进行密封浸染,通过选择特定温度进行上染,使得整个布面染色均匀度、重现性且色牢度都极好,染色后制品的K/S值也获得了显著提高,并且选择特定的三种盐复配作为促染盐进行续染,获得了比单盐效果更好的促染效果,固色率也得到了极大地提高;最后,对棉涤织物进行氧化,控制氧化氧化温度,由此获得均匀的氧化效果,再经过皂洗,去除浮色,以便保持色泽,从而可以获得较高的色牢度,最后水洗,烘干可以得到成品。
综上可知,本发明所述涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,通过采用分散浴法对涤棉织物进行染色处理,具有染色效果好,匀染度好,染色牢度高,不褪色,质量好的优点。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例中,一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,包括依次进行微胶囊分散染料处理工艺和还原染料处理工艺;
其中,所述微胶囊分散染料处理工艺包括微胶囊分散染料染色、初水洗、皂洗和后水洗;所述还原染料处理工艺包括染料还原、上染、水洗、氧化、皂洗、热洗和烘干;
在所述微胶囊分散染料染色工艺中,将所述涤棉混纺织物按照浴比1:16浸渍染液,所述染液配方包括:微胶囊分散染料2%(owf)、pH缓冲剂1.6g/L和匀染剂1.2g/L,再在24℃条件下入染,以2.8℃/min的升温速率升温至62℃,保温12min,接着以1.3℃/min的升温速率升温至100℃,保温30min,再隔离微胶囊分散染料续染12min,接着以1.8℃/min的升温速率降温至38℃;
在所述染料还原工艺中,将3%(owf)的还原染料按照浴比1:15稀释,加入烧碱10g/L、还原剂8g/L、分散螯合剂1.5g/L、尿素1.6g/L和平平加O 2g/L,密封后,以0.5℃/min的升温速率升温至60℃,保温20min;
在所述上染工艺中,将待染棉涤织物加入经还原后的染料液中,再以3℃/min的升温速率升温至105℃,保温15min,接着加入促染盐20g/L,续染10min,再冷却降温至50℃以下。
实施例2
本实施例中,一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,包括依次进行微胶囊分散染料处理工艺和还原染料处理工艺;
其中,所述微胶囊分散染料处理工艺包括微胶囊分散染料染色、初水洗、皂洗和后水洗;所述还原染料处理工艺包括染料还原、上染、水洗、氧化、皂洗、热洗和烘干;
在所述微胶囊分散染料染色工艺中:
微胶囊分散染料染色工艺包括将所述涤棉混纺织物按照浴比1:10浸渍染液,所述染液配方包括:微胶囊分散染料3%(owf)、pH缓冲剂1g/L和匀染剂2g/L,再在20℃条件下入染,以3℃/min的升温速率升温至55℃,保温15min,接着以1℃/min的升温速率升温至110℃,保温25min,再隔离微胶囊分散染料续染15min,接着以1.5℃/min的升温速率降温至45℃,其中所述微胶囊分散染料的制备方法包括:向浓度为30g/L的分散染料悬浮液中,加入浓度为75g/L的明胶溶液,搅拌使其分散均匀,再加入浓度为55g/L的阿拉伯胶溶液,同样搅拌使其分散均匀,接着加热至75℃,在搅拌条件下,用浓度为5wt%的稀醋酸调节pH值为4-5,加水搅拌10min后,冷却至5℃,再采用浓度为25wt%的NaOH溶液调节pH值为8-9,接着加入浓度为40wt%的戊二醛溶液,固化反应1.5h,离心水洗后烘干,得到所述微胶囊分散染料,所述分散染料悬浮液、明胶溶液、阿拉伯胶溶液、水、戊二醛溶液的体积比为1:1:2:5:0.3;
初水洗温度为30℃,初水洗时间为15min;后水洗温度为20℃,后水洗时间为15min;皂洗采用皂洗剂,皂洗温度为50℃,皂洗时间为15min,浴比为1:30,所述皂洗剂包括:皂片2g/L、无水碳酸钠4g/L;
在所述染料还原工艺中:
染料还原工艺包括将0.01%(owf)的还原染料按照浴比1:20稀释,加入烧碱5g/L、还原剂10g/L、分散螯合剂1g/L、尿素2g/L和平平加O 1g/L,密封后,以1℃/min的升温速率升温至55℃,保温30min,所述还原剂的制备方法包括:将还原糖加入水中搅拌均匀,滴加乙二醛溶液,并加入磷酸钠调节pH值为9-10,再在40℃条件下搅拌反应2h,接着加入焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲,再在70℃条件下搅拌反应4h,干燥后得到所述还原剂,还原糖、乙二醛溶液、焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲的重量配比为:1:0.01:1.5:0.6:0.4,所述还原糖为葡萄糖;
上染工艺包括将待染棉涤织物加入经还原后的染料液中,再以1℃/min的升温速率升温至110℃,保温5min,接着加入促染盐50g/L,续染5min,再冷却降温至50℃以下,所述促染盐按照重量比是由1:3:3的硫酸钠、氯化钠和柠檬酸钠复配而成;
氧化采用含量为28wt%的双氧水,双氧水的用量为3g/L,氧化温度为30℃,氧化时间为20min,浴比为1:5;皂洗采用皂洗剂,所述皂洗剂包括:净洗剂2093g/L、纯碱1g/L,皂洗温度为100℃,皂洗时间为5min,浴比为1:50;热洗采用温度为60℃的热流水冲洗,冲洗时间为5min;烘干温度为80℃,烘制时间为10min。
实施例3
本实施例中,一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,包括依次进行微胶囊分散染料处理工艺和还原染料处理工艺;
其中,所述微胶囊分散染料处理工艺包括微胶囊分散染料染色、初水洗、皂洗和后水洗;所述还原染料处理工艺包括染料还原、上染、水洗、氧化、皂洗、热洗和烘干;
在所述微胶囊分散染料染色工艺中:
微胶囊分散染料染色工艺包括将所述涤棉混纺织物按照浴比1:20浸渍染液,所述染液配方包括:微胶囊分散染料1%(owf)、pH缓冲剂2g/L和匀染剂1g/L,再在30℃条件下入染,以2℃/min的升温速率升温至65℃,保温8min,接着以1.5℃/min的升温速率升温至90℃,保温35min,再隔离微胶囊分散染料续染5min,接着以2℃/min的升温速率降温至35℃,其中所述微胶囊分散染料的制备方法包括:向浓度为45g/L的分散染料悬浮液中,加入浓度为55g/L的明胶溶液,搅拌使其分散均匀,再加入浓度为75g/L的阿拉伯胶溶液,同样搅拌使其分散均匀,接着加热至55℃,在搅拌条件下,用浓度为10wt%的稀醋酸调节pH值为4-5,加水搅拌5min后,冷却至10℃,再采用浓度为20wt%的NaOH溶液调节pH值为8-9,接着加入浓度为35wt%的戊二醛溶液,固化反应2.5h,离心水洗后烘干,得到所述微胶囊分散染料,所述分散染料悬浮液、明胶溶液、阿拉伯胶溶液、水、戊二醛溶液的体积比为1:2:1:10:0.1;
初水洗温度为35℃,初水洗时间为5min;后水洗温度为25℃,后水洗时间为5min;皂洗采用皂洗剂,皂洗温度为60℃,皂洗时间为5min,浴比为1:50,所述皂洗剂包括:皂片1g/L、无水碳酸钠6g/L;
在所述染料还原工艺中:
染料还原工艺包括将10%(owf)的还原染料按照浴比1:5稀释,加入烧碱20g/L、还原剂5g/L、分散螯合剂2g/L、尿素1g/L和平平加O 5g/L,密封后,以0.2℃/min的升温速率升温至75℃,保温10min,所述还原剂的制备方法包括:将还原糖加入水中搅拌均匀,滴加乙二醛溶液,并加入磷酸钠调节pH值为9-10,再在60℃条件下搅拌反应1h,接着加入焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲,再在95℃条件下搅拌反应2h,干燥后得到所述还原剂,还原糖、乙二醛溶液、焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲的重量配比为:1:0.1:1:0.8:0.2,所述还原糖为果糖;
上染工艺包括将待染棉涤织物加入经还原后的染料液中,再以5℃/min的升温速率升温至90℃,保温20min,接着加入促染盐5g/L,续染15min,再冷却降温至50℃以下,所述促染盐按照重量比是由1:5:1的硫酸钠、氯化钠和柠檬酸钠复配而成;
氧化采用含量为30wt%的双氧水,双氧水的用量为1g/L,氧化温度为50℃,氧化时间为5min,浴比为1:20;皂洗采用皂洗剂,所述皂洗剂包括:净洗剂2091g/L、纯碱2g/L,皂洗温度为90℃,皂洗时间为20min,浴比为1:30;热洗采用温度为80℃的热流水冲洗,冲洗时间为3min;烘干温度为100℃,烘制时间为5min。
实施例4
本实施例中,一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,包括依次进行微胶囊分散染料处理工艺和还原染料处理工艺;
其中,所述微胶囊分散染料处理工艺包括微胶囊分散染料染色、初水洗、皂洗和后水洗;所述还原染料处理工艺包括染料还原、上染、水洗、氧化、皂洗、热洗和烘干;
在所述微胶囊分散染料染色工艺中:
微胶囊分散染料染色工艺包括将所述涤棉混纺织物按照浴比1:15浸渍染液,所述染液配方包括:微胶囊分散染料2%(owf)、pH缓冲剂1.5g/L和匀染剂1.5g/L,再在25℃条件下入染,以2.5℃/min的升温速率升温至60℃,保温11min,接着以1.2℃/min的升温速率升温至100℃,保温30min,再隔离微胶囊分散染料续染10min,接着以1.7℃/min的升温速率降温至40℃,其中所述微胶囊分散染料的制备方法包括:向浓度为37g/L的分散染料悬浮液中,加入浓度为65g/L的明胶溶液,搅拌使其分散均匀,再加入浓度为65g/L的阿拉伯胶溶液,同样搅拌使其分散均匀,接着加热至65℃,在搅拌条件下,用浓度为7wt%的稀醋酸调节pH值为4-5,加水搅拌8min后,冷却至7℃,再采用浓度为22wt%的NaOH溶液调节pH值为8-9,接着加入浓度为38wt%的戊二醛溶液,固化反应2.0h,离心水洗后烘干,得到所述微胶囊分散染料,所述分散染料悬浮液、明胶溶液、阿拉伯胶溶液、水、戊二醛溶液的体积比为1:1.5:1.5:7:0.2;
初水洗温度为32℃,初水洗时间为10min;后水洗温度为22℃,后水洗时间为10min;皂洗采用皂洗剂,皂洗温度为55℃,皂洗时间为10min,浴比为1:40,所述皂洗剂包括:皂片1.5g/L、无水碳酸钠5g/L;
在所述染料还原工艺中:
染料还原工艺包括将5%(owf)的还原染料按照浴比1:12稀释,加入烧碱12g/L、还原剂7g/L、分散螯合剂1.5g/L、尿素1.5g/L和平平加O 3g/L,密封后,以0.6℃/min的升温速率升温至65℃,保温20min,所述还原剂的制备方法包括:将还原糖加入水中搅拌均匀,滴加乙二醛溶液,并加入磷酸钠调节pH值为9-10,再在50℃条件下搅拌反应1.5h,接着加入焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲,再在85℃条件下搅拌反应3h,干燥后得到所述还原剂,还原糖、乙二醛溶液、焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲的重量配比为:1:0.05:1.2:0.7:0.3,所述还原糖为半乳糖、乳糖的混合物;
上染工艺包括将待染棉涤织物加入经还原后的染料液中,再以3℃/min的升温速率升温至110℃,保温12min,接着加入促染盐30g/L,续染10min,再冷却降温至50℃以下,所述促染盐按照重量比是由1:4:2的硫酸钠、氯化钠和柠檬酸钠复配而成;
氧化采用含量为29wt%的双氧水,双氧水的用量为2g/L,氧化温度为40℃,氧化时间为12min,浴比为1:13;皂洗采用皂洗剂,所述皂洗剂包括:净洗剂209 2g/L、纯碱1.5g/L,皂洗温度为95℃,皂洗时间为12min,浴比为1:40;热洗采用温度为70℃的热流水冲洗,冲洗时间为4min;烘干温度为90℃,烘制时间为8min。
本发明中的各项指标的测试方法如下:
(1)使用Hunter3Lab测色仪对染色下涤棉混纺织物前后色差△E进行检测;
(2)色牢度
耐皂洗色牢度按照GB/T 3921-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐皂洗色牢度》方法D(4)测定。
耐汗渍色牢度按照GB/T 3922-1995《纺织品耐汗渍色牢度试验方法》测定。
耐摩擦色牢度按照GB/T 3920-2008《织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》测定。
耐人造光色牢度按照GB/T 8426-1998《织品色牢度试验耐光色牢度:日光》氙灯方法2测定。
上述实施例1-4得到的涤棉混纺织物的染色性能测试结果如下表所示:
本发明中,针对所述涤棉织物的表面特性,提出了一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,利用分散染料和还原染料分别对涤纶纤维和棉纤维进行染色。
首先,考虑到分散染料和还原染料的染色性能差异很大,其采用分散浴法对其进行染色,并且由于还原染料的后续染色过程较为苛刻,本发明中先将涤棉织物进行分散染料处理,为了避免分散染料对布面性能产生较大影响,不利于后续还原染料的染色处理,本发明在所述分散染料处理过程中,选择相对较低的温度下对涤棉织物进行染色处理,同时为了在低温下还能获得较高的色牢度,选择利用微胶囊分散染料配置的染液进行上染,所述微胶囊分散染料采用复合凝聚法制成,其中由于明胶在低于其等电点的情况下带正电荷,而阿拉伯胶在pH值为3-9的情况下带负电,因此在一定的pH值、温度和浓度下,这两种聚合物因带相反电荷而相互作用,从而形成一种具有包囊作用的复合物膜,经过戊二醛固化后,制成了以明胶和阿拉伯胶为复合载体材料(壁材)、复配分散染料(核体)的核-壳微胶囊分散染料,该微胶囊分散染料具有优良的缓释功能,因此可以对上染速度进行控制,从而具有良好的匀染效果,同时利用其隔离性能,防止染料对棉纤维的沾染而形成斑渍,并且在较高浓度的电解质存在时仍能保持良好的染色性能,因此有效避免了后续还原染料对分散染料染色效果的破坏;此外,在分散染料处理过程工艺中,本发明中还对分散染料染色时严格控制升温速率,使分散染料上染的敏感区域升温速较慢,同时分散染料染色后进行了充分的清洗,由此获得了较好的染色效果,整个布面染色均匀度、重现性且色牢度都极好。
此后,本发明在对所述涤棉混纺织物进行还原染料处理工艺中,采用还原染料隐色体染色工艺,对染料进行还原溶解,由于采用将还原糖经乙二醛溶液反应后与保险粉以及二氧化硫脲进行复配改性作为还原剂,还原糖经乙二醛溶液改性后,还原能力得到极大改善,其与保险粉、二氧化硫脲复配作为还原剂,再加入烧碱,得到了一种可以在特定温度下还原力不断释放的复配还原体系,因此可以保证所述还原染料被还原生成具有良好分散稳定性能的还原隐色体钠盐,其有利于后续浸染的均匀度和重现度;与此同时,还原体系中尿素等的加入则进一步使得整个还原体系的还原能力趋向稳定,并且也可以增强隐色体钠盐的渗透性,获得较好的色牢度;此后对所述棉涤织物进行密封浸染,通过选择特定温度进行上染,使得整个布面染色均匀度、重现性且色牢度都极好,染色后制品的K/S值也获得了显著提高,并且选择特定的三种盐复配作为促染盐进行续染,获得了比单盐效果更好的促染效果,固色率也得到了极大地提高;最后,对棉涤织物进行氧化,控制氧化氧化温度,由此获得均匀的氧化效果,再经过皂洗,去除浮色,以便保持色泽,从而可以获得较高的色牢度,最后水洗,烘干可以得到成品。
综上可知,本发明所述涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,通过采用分散浴法对涤棉织物进行染色处理,具有染色效果好,匀染度好,染色牢度高,不褪色,质量好的优点。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,包括依次进行微胶囊分散染料处理工艺和还原染料处理工艺;
其中,所述微胶囊分散染料处理工艺包括微胶囊分散染料染色、初水洗、皂洗和后水洗;所述还原染料处理工艺包括染料还原、上染、水洗、氧化、皂洗、热洗和烘干;
在所述微胶囊分散染料染色工艺中,将所述涤棉织物按照浴比1:10-20浸渍染液,所述染液配方包括:微胶囊分散染料1-3%(owf)、pH缓冲剂1-2g/L和匀染剂1-2g/L,再在20-30℃条件下入染,以2-3℃/min的升温速率升温至55-65℃,保温8-15min,接着以1-1.5℃/min的升温速率升温至90-110℃,保温25-35min,再隔离微胶囊分散染料续染5-15min,接着以1.5-2℃/min的升温速率降温至35-45℃;
在所述染料还原工艺中,将0.01-10%(owf)的还原染料按照浴比1:5-20稀释,加入烧碱5-20g/L、还原剂5-10g/L、分散螯合剂1-2g/L、尿素1-2g/L和平平加O 1-5g/L,密封后,以0.2-1℃/min的升温速率升温至55-75℃,保温10-30min;
在所述上染工艺中,将待染棉涤织物加入经还原后的染料液中,再以1-5℃/min的升温速率升温至90-110℃,保温5-20min,接着加入促染盐5-50g/L,续染5-15min,再冷却降温至50℃以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,所述微胶囊分散染料的制备方法包括:向浓度为30-45g/L的分散染料悬浮液中,加入浓度为55-75g/L的明胶溶液,搅拌使其分散均匀,再加入浓度为55-75g/L的阿拉伯胶溶液,同样搅拌使其分散均匀,接着加热至55-75℃,在搅拌条件下,用浓度为5-10wt%的稀醋酸调节pH值为4-5,加水搅拌5-10min后,冷却至5-10℃,再采用浓度为20-25wt%的NaOH溶液调节pH值为8-9,接着加入浓度为35-40wt%的戊二醛溶液,固化反应1.5-2.5h,离心水洗后烘干,得到所述微胶囊分散染料;优选地,所述分散染料悬浮液、明胶溶液、阿拉伯胶溶液、水、戊二醛溶液的体积比为1:1-2:1-2:5-10:0.1-0.3。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,所述分散染料为单一的分散染料或复配的分散染料。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,在所述分散染料处理工艺中,初水洗温度为30-35℃,初水洗时间为5-15min;后水洗温度为20-25℃,后水洗时间为5-15min。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,在所述分散染料处理工艺中,皂洗采用皂洗剂,皂洗温度为50-60℃,皂洗时间为5-15min,浴比为1:30-50,所述皂洗剂包括:皂片1-2g/L、无水碳酸钠4-6g/L。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,所述还原剂的制备方法包括:将还原糖加入水中搅拌均匀,滴加乙二醛溶液,并加入磷酸钠调节pH值为9-10,再在40-60℃条件下搅拌反应1-2h,接着加入焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲,再在70-95℃条件下搅拌反应2-4h,干燥后得到所述还原剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,还原糖、乙二醛溶液、焦亚硫酸钠、保险粉和二氧化硫脲的重量配比为:1:0.01-0.1:1-1.5:0.6-0.8:0.2-0.4;优选地,所述还原糖选自葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖、乳糖中的一种或者至少两种的组合。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,所述促染盐按照重量比是由1:3-5:1-3的硫酸钠、氯化钠和柠檬酸钠复配而成。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,氧化采用含量为28-30wt%的双氧水,双氧水的用量为1-3g/L,氧化温度为30-50℃,氧化时间为5-20min,浴比为1:5-20;皂洗采用皂洗剂,所述皂洗剂包括:净洗剂209 1-3g/L、纯碱1-2g/L,皂洗温度为90-100℃,皂洗时间为5-20min,浴比为1:30-50。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的涤棉微胶囊分散染料的分散浴法染色工艺,其特征在于,在所述还原染料处理工艺中,热洗采用温度为60-80℃的热流水冲洗,冲洗时间为3-5min;烘干温度为80-100℃,烘制时间为5-10min。
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