CN106035939A - 一种营养保健蛹虫草多糖糖果压片 - Google Patents
一种营养保健蛹虫草多糖糖果压片 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
一种营养保健蛹虫草多糖糖果压片。本发明提供了一种蛹虫草多糖糖果压片,是由以下组分组成:15~35%蛹虫草粗多糖、35~45%玉米淀粉、15~25%复合酵素粉、10~20%麦芽糊精、2~4%蔗糖、15~35%蛹虫草粗多糖、0.2~0.8%硬脂酸镁,以质量百分比计。本发明的蛹虫草多糖糖果压片具有多种保健功能:如抗肿瘤作用、抗氧化作用、抗炎作用、增强免疫力。蛹虫草多糖的加工利用中,其有效成分的生物活性易削弱或丧失,且多糖是大分子物质,其生物利用度极低。本发明的蛹虫草多糖糖果压片易于吸收,利于生物利用。蛹虫草多糖糖果压片呈淡棕色,味道酸甜适中,便于携带,食用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保健食品,特别是涉及一种蛹虫草多糖糖果压片及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,天然的冬虫夏草随着人们的采摘逐年减少,而对冬虫夏草的需求却逐年增多。经鉴定,人工培养的蛹虫草其虫草素、虫草多糖的含量高于野生冬虫夏草。其中,蛹虫草多糖是蛹虫草主要的活性物质,具有强的抗氧化活性,可以清除机体内多余的氧自由基,提高机体的免疫能力。近年来,虫草多糖广泛应用于食品、保健品、化妆品、药品等领域,以虫草多糖口服液为主。如何提取蛹虫草多糖是制备蛹虫草多糖产品的关键,目前主要采用热水浸提法,为了缩短浸提时间,提高多糖得率,热水浸提前,先进行超声处理30min,此方法虽操作简单,但提取液中虫草素含量过低,而脂肪及蛋白质含量较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种营养保健蛹虫草多糖糖果压片。
本发明的目的是通过以下措施实现的:
一种蛹虫草多糖糖果压片,是由以下组分组成:15~35%蛹虫草粗多糖、35~45%玉米淀粉、15~25%复合酵素粉、10~20%麦芽糊精、2~4%蔗糖、15~35%蛹虫草粗多糖、0.2~0.8%硬脂酸镁,以质量百分比计。
上述复合酵素粉,原料组成:香菇1~2份、茶树菇1~2份、苹果2~4份、蜂蜜1~2份,以重量比计;其制备方法是将原料进行发酵得到酵素原液,再将酵素原液制成固体粉末。
具体地,上述复合酵素粉,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将1份香菇、1份茶树菇、2份苹果洗净并切碎放入干净容器中,加入10wt%复合发酵菌液,并加入2份蜂蜜搅拌均匀,确保物料被蜂蜜完全覆盖,避免与空气接触,加盖,密封存放,自然发酵,每隔24h进行搅拌一次,发酵200天,过滤,得到酵素原液;(2)取该酵素原液,采用压力喷雾干燥,在70~200大气压的压力下,将酵素原液通过雾化器,聚化成10~200的雾状微粒与热空气直接接触,制成固体粉末。
上述复合发酵菌液是将乳酸菌、酵母菌、干酪乳杆菌的菌种活化培养制备而成。具体包括以下步骤:(1)将乳酸菌、酵母菌、干酪乳杆菌分别在LB平板培养基上划线接种,放入30℃培养箱中恒温培养至长满菌丝;(2)挑取平板上的菌落分别接入装有50ml培养液的三角培养瓶中,置于摇床,转速200rpm,温度30℃,恒温培养48~72小时,得到三种菌液;(3)将三种菌液按乳酸菌∶酵母菌∶干酪乳杆菌=1∶1∶1比例配成浓度为每毫升含2.5×107个孢子的菌液,作为复合发酵液。
上述蛹虫草多糖糖果压片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)蛹虫草粉以物料重量比为1∶15加蒸馏水,超声30min,在100℃下油浴提取2h,离心得提取液,将提取液浓缩,加入3-5倍无水乙醇进行醇沉过夜;
(2)离心并用无水乙醇洗沉淀,得到得率为10%的粗多糖,将蛹虫草粗多糖进行冷冻干燥,得到蛹虫草多糖粉;
(3)取20%蛹虫草粗多糖,40%淀粉,20%复合酵素粉,15%麦芽糊精,4%蔗糖,0.5%硬脂酸镁,充分混合均匀,紫外灭菌15min~30min,压片。
有益效果
1.本发明的蛹虫草多糖糖果压片具有多种保健功能:如抗肿瘤作用、抗氧化作用、抗炎作用、增强免疫力。
2.蛹虫草多糖的加工利用中,其有效成分的生物活性易削弱或丧失,且多糖是大分子物质,其生物利用度极低。本发明的蛹虫草多糖糖果压片易于吸收,利于生物利用。
3.蛹虫草多糖糖果压片呈淡棕色,味道酸甜适中,便于携带,食用方便。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明做进一步详细说明。以下实施例仅限于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种蛹虫草多糖糖果压片,原料重量比为:20%蛹虫草粗多糖,40%淀粉,20%复合酵素粉,15%麦芽糊精,4%蔗糖,0.5%硬脂酸镁。
所述复合酵素粉的制备方法为:将1份香菇、1份茶树菇、2份苹果洗净并切碎放入容器中,加入2份蜂蜜搅拌均匀,并确保完全被蜂蜜覆盖,避免与空气接触;于121℃高温高压条件下灭菌15min,在无菌操作条件下,接种10wt%复合发酵菌液,进行发酵,加盖,密封存放,每隔24h进行搅拌一次,发酵200天后,发酵结束后于121℃高温高压条件下灭菌15min杀灭发酵菌,过滤,得到酵素原液。取该酵素原液,采用压力喷雾干燥,在70~200大气压的压力下,将酵素原液通过雾化器,聚化成10~200的雾状微粒与热空气直接接触,制成酵素固体粉末。
所采用的复合发酵菌液是将乳酸菌、酵母菌、干酪乳杆菌的菌种活化培养制备而成。具体包括以下步骤:(1)将乳酸菌、酵母菌、干酪乳杆菌分别在LB平板培养基上划线接种,放入30℃培养箱中恒温培养至长满菌丝;(2)挑取平板上的菌落分别接入装有50ml培养液的三角培养瓶中,置于摇床,转速200rpm,温度30℃,恒温培养48~72小时,得到三种菌液;(3)将三种菌液按乳酸菌∶酵母菌∶干酪乳杆菌=1∶1∶1比例配成浓度为每毫升含2.5×107个孢子的菌液,作为复合发酵液。
蛹虫草多糖糖果压片的制备方法为:将蛹虫草粉加入蒸馏水(重量比为1∶15),超声30min,100℃下油浴2h,离心得提取液,将提取液减压浓缩,加入3-5倍无水乙醇进行醇沉过夜;离心并用无水乙醇洗沉淀,得到得率为10%的蛹虫草粗多糖,将蛹虫草粗多糖进行冷冻干燥,得到蛹虫草多糖粉;取20%蛹虫草粗多糖,40%淀粉,20%的复合酵素粉,15%麦芽糊精,4%蔗糖,0.5%硬脂酸镁,充分混合均匀,紫外灭菌15min后,压片。制得的蛹虫草多糖糖果压片产品效果验证如下:
1.保健功能实验:
(1)抗肿瘤作用
通过蛹虫草多糖对小鼠体内肿瘤的抑制实验来分析蛹虫草多糖的抗肿瘤作用。选取20只健康且体重相近(20±1)g的小鼠,接种肿瘤细胞后,随机分为A(0.9%生理盐水作为对照组)、B(实施列1产品组)两组,每组10只。A组灌入0.4ml生理盐水,B组灌入0.4ml蛹虫草多糖液,每天同一时间灌胃1次,连续灌胃7天。最后一次灌胃24h后,将小鼠处死,称取动物体重,取出肿瘤组织称重,计算出多糖对肿瘤的抑制率。通过实验得出,实施列1产品组相对于对照组,肿瘤的重量减少了24.43%,对小鼠肿瘤具有抑制作用,这表明本产品具有抗肿瘤作用。
(2)抗氧化作用
通过测定本产品对羟自由基的清除作用从而分析抗氧化性能。取10支比色管,各加入2.5ml 0.75mol/L的FeSO4溶液,向其中8支比色管中分别加入本产品1.50、2.00、2.50、3.00、3.50、4.00、4.50、5.00ml,再加入0.1%的H2O2溶液2.5ml,取2支比色管作为未损伤管(不加H2O2)和损伤管(不加本产品),用蒸馏水补至10.00ml,以蒸馏水为空白对照,在536nm处测其吸光度。
计算公式:
其中:A0——空白对照管的吸光度;AS——加入样品后的吸光度。
通过计算得出,本产品(其中蛹虫草多糖的浓度为0.139mg/ml、0.167mg/ml、0.195mg/ml、0.222mg/ml、0.250mg/ml)时,测得对羟自由基的清除率分别为17.10%、35.35%、45.86%、44.34%、53.86%。该实验表明,本产品具有抗氧化作用,在一定浓度范围内,其抗氧化作用与产品浓度成正比关系。
(3)抗炎作用
炎症是机体活组织对损伤因子所发生的防御反应,早期即表现为毛细血管通透性增高而引起的炎症渗出和肿胀等反应。通过检测本产品对巴豆油所致小鼠耳肿胀的影响来测定蛹虫草多糖的抗炎作用。将20只健康,体重(22±1)g的小鼠随机分为4组,对照组腹腔注射生理盐水20ml/kg;实验组分别腹腔注射本产品50、100、200mg/kg。30min后按50ul/只对小鼠右耳正反两侧涂致炎剂。4h后处死小鼠,沿耳廓剪下双耳,在对称部位用打孔器打耳片,以左右耳重量差为肿胀率指标,并作组间t检验,计算抑制率。通过实验发现,注射本产品50、100、200mg/kg的抑制率分别为46.8%、59.7%、69、7%,这表明本产品对巴豆油所致耳肿胀有显著抑制作用,证明其具有良好的抗炎作用。
(4)增强免疫力
选取20只健康且体重相近(22±1)g的小鼠,随机分为A(实验组)、B(空白对照组)两组进行灌胃。A组灌入0.2ml浓度为0.5g/kg的本产品,B组灌入0.2ml生理盐水,30min后,将20ul二甲苯涂于小鼠右耳两侧,30min后脱颈椎处死,剪下双耳耳廓,用6mm打孔器打下相同部位并称重,以重量差作为肿胀程度指标,以抑肿率作为抗炎指标,计算得出实验组的抑制率为16.59%。通过将本产品饲喂小鼠迟发性变态反应得出,本产品具有增强免疫力的作用。
2.吸收率实验:将30只健康且体重相近(22±1)g的小鼠随机分为A、B、C三组,A组为空白对照组(只给与蒸馏水),B组为实验组(给与本产品,1ml/只),C组为对照组(给与蛹虫草多糖液,1ml/只)。A、B、C三组都每3.5h灌胃一次,每次1ml/只,连续4次。收集各组小鼠粪便,并称量其湿重,在105℃下烘干,称其干重,计算粪便含水量和食物消化吸收率。
计算公式:
其中:A实验组——实验组粪便干重;B正常组——正常组粪便干重。
通过实验得出,B组的消化吸收率为57.78%,C组的吸收率为19.39%,小鼠对本产品的吸收远大于对单纯的蛹虫草多糖液的吸收。该试验表明,本产品有助于机体对蛹虫草多糖的吸收。
3.口感验证实验:选择20名专业评判人员,对本产品进行感官评价。表1为本产品感官评价指标,表2为评价结果
表1实施例1的蛹虫草片剂感官评分标准
表2实施例1的蛹虫草片剂感官评价结果
由表1、表2可以看出,本产品蛹虫草多糖糖果压片色泽均匀,硬度适中,咀嚼细腻度较好,甜味适中,基本无苦味,整体口感较好,能满足消费者的要求。
Claims (4)
1.一种蛹虫草多糖糖果压片,是由以下组分组成的:35~45%玉米淀粉、15~25%复合酵素粉、10~20%麦芽糊精、2~4%蔗糖、15~35%蛹虫草粗多糖、0.2~0.8%硬脂酸镁,以质量百分比计。
2.如权利要求1所述蛹虫草多糖糖果压片,所述复合酵素粉原料组成为:香菇1~2份、茶树菇1~2份、苹果2~4份、蜂蜜1~2份,以重量比计;其制备方法是将原料进行发酵得到酵素原液,再将酵素原液制成固体粉末。
3.如权利要求1所述蛹虫草多糖糖果压片,所述复合酵素粉的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将香菇、茶树菇、苹果洗净并切碎放入干净容器中,加入10wt%复合发酵菌液,并加入蜂蜜搅拌均匀,确保物料被蜂蜜完全覆盖,避免与空气接触,加盖,密封存放,发酵200天,过滤,得到酵素原液;
(2)取该酵素原液,采用压力喷雾干燥,在70~200大气压的压力下,将酵素原液通过雾化器,聚化成10~200的雾状微粒与热空气直接接触,制成固体粉末。
4.如权利要求1所述蛹虫草多糖糖果压片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)蛹虫草粉以物料重量比为1:15加蒸馏水,超声30min,在100℃下油浴提取2h,离心得提取液,将提取液浓缩,加入3-5倍无水乙醇进行醇沉过夜;
(2)离心并用无水乙醇洗沉淀,得到得率为10%的粗多糖,将蛹虫草粗多糖进行冷冻干燥,得到蛹虫草多糖粉;
(3)取20%蛹虫草粗多糖,40%淀粉,20%复合酵素粉,15%麦芽糊精,4%蔗糖,0.5%硬脂酸镁,充分混合均匀,紫外灭菌15min~30min,压片。
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