CN106035028A - Cultivation substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparation method - Google Patents
Cultivation substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035028A CN106035028A CN201610498678.6A CN201610498678A CN106035028A CN 106035028 A CN106035028 A CN 106035028A CN 201610498678 A CN201610498678 A CN 201610498678A CN 106035028 A CN106035028 A CN 106035028A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation substrate for dendrobium officinale. The cultivation substrate contains the ingredients in parts by weight: 1-8 parts of pine barks, 1-8 parts of sphagnum moss and 1-8 parts of bamboo charcoal. According to the cultivation substrate, the sphagnum moss has good water retention property and air permeability; the bamboo charcoal brings air permeability and attached weak acidity into full play; and the pine barks are filled and can play a role in fixing the dendrobium officinale. According to the cultivation substrate, the requirements of the dendrobium officinale on characteristics, i.e., air permeability and water retention property of the substrate are met, and problems that diseases and insect pests are propagated, the aging of greenhouse facilities is accelerated, and the like caused by the increase of internal overall ambient humidity of a greenhouse can also be avoided. In addition, the characteristic requirements that Orchidaceae plants like weak acidity are also met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant growing technical field, particularly relate to cultivation matrix and the preparation method of Herba Dendrobii.
Background technology
Herba Dendrobii is the orchid family Dendrobium herbaceos perennial, is the superfine product in Herba Dendrobii, among the people is commonly called as " help Herba mesonae chinensis ".
Dendrobium officinale growing environment is unique, very strict to climate requirements, grows nonparasitically upon another plant on trunk or sylvan life.Owing to the most stably filling
The nutrition supply of foot, does not has endosperm, poor growth, and survival rate is extremely low.Along with the development of tissue culture technique, artificial growth iron sheet
Herba Dendrobii is possibly realized.The growth requirement of Herba Dendrobii is the excellent environment of warm moist, ventilating drainage, therefore at artificial culture iron sheet
During Herba Dendrobii, the selection of cultivation matrix is most important.
At present, the host material of Herba Dendrobii and proportioning on market, most basic fixing work can only be provided to Herba Dendrobii
With.There is the defects such as poor air permeability, humidity is low in such host material and proportioning, it is impossible to meets the requirement of high humility, generally need
Spray to be utilized makes environment and substrate reach humidity standard.But, excessive spray adds the wet of integrated environment in greenhouse
Degree, thus cause seriously growing have pest and disease damage and accelerate chamber facility aging.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the cultivation matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii, not only meet that breathability is high, humidity is high
Requirement;Also prevent owing in greenhouse, the humidity of integrated environment increases, and cause growing that to have pest and disease damage and chamber facility to accelerate old
The appearance of the problems such as change.
The technical scheme that the present invention provides is as follows:
The present invention provides the cultivation matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii, including: Cortex Pini, sphagna and bamboo charcoal, in parts by weight, institute
State Cortex Pini 1~8 parts, described sphagna 1~8 parts, described bamboo charcoal 1~8 parts.
It is further preferred that described Cortex Pini 5~7 parts, described sphagna 1~3 parts, described bamboo charcoal 1~3 parts.
It is further preferred that described Cortex Pini 6 parts, described sphagna 2 parts, described bamboo charcoal 2 parts.
It is further preferred that described Cortex Pini is 0.8~2.4cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is 0.4~1.5cm bamboo charcoal
Block.
It is further preferred that described Cortex Pini is 1~2cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is 0.5~1.3cm bamboo carbon block.
The present invention also provides for the preparation method of the cultivation matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii, including: Cortex Pini is put into containing killing
The normal-temperature water of microbial inoculum is soaked 4~after 14 hours, filter the portion of water in described Cortex Pini, make the aqueous of described Cortex Pini
Amount reaches 40%~70%;Bamboo charcoal is put into and alkalescence normal-temperature water is soaked 22~after 26 hours, filter the portion in described bamboo charcoal
Divide moisture content, make the water content of described bamboo charcoal reach 40%~70%;Sphagna is put into and normal-temperature water is soaked 8~after 14 hours,
Described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes the water content of described sphagna reach 30%~55%;By the pinaster containing certain water yield
After skin, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii.
It is further preferred that the water content of described Cortex Pini reaches 55%~65%;The water content of described bamboo charcoal reaches
55%~65%;The water content of described sphagna reaches 40%~50%.
It is further preferred that described Cortex Pini soaks 6~12 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial;Described bamboo charcoal
23~25 hours are soaked in the normal-temperature water of alkalescence;Described sphagna soaks 11~13 hours in normal-temperature water.
It is further preferred that in parts by weight, described antibacterial 0.8~1.2 parts, described normal-temperature water 1300~2000 parts.
It is further preferred that the pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 7.2~8.5.
Compared with prior art, the device have the advantages that as follows:
1, the cultivation matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii provided in the present invention, sphagna has good water-retaining property and breathability;
Bamboo charcoal has given full play to the breathability of itself and subsidiary faintly acid;Add the filling of Cortex Pini, can be to Herba Dendrobii
Play fixation.The present invention had both met the Herba Dendrobii breathability to substrate, the characteristic requirements of water-retaining property, moreover it is possible to avoid by
The increase of integrated environment humidity in greenhouse, and growing of causing has pest and disease damage and chamber facility to accelerate going out of the problem such as aging
Existing.It addition, also meet orchid to like weakly acidic characteristic requirements.
2, in the range of Cortex Pini, sphagna, bamboo charcoal are maintained at rational proportion in the present invention, the cultivation base of Herba Dendrobii can be made
The breathability of matter, water-retaining property reach optimum state;The ratio of Cortex Pini is too high, then poor water retention property, and cultivation matrix is easily dried;If
Sphagna, bamboo charcoal ratio too high, then root system humidity is excessive, poor air permeability, and root system is easily because long period of soaking is in water, and corruption occurs
The phenomenon such as rotten.
3, the preparation method of the cultivation matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii that the present invention provides, Cortex Pini is put into containing antibacterial
Normal-temperature water is soaked, Cortex Pini can be allowed to absorb water, moreover it is possible to Cortex Pini is sterilized, prevent mushroom from affecting Herba Dendrobii
Growth.Further, use normal-temperature water to soak, can preferably protect the structure of Cortex Pini, prevent from destroying pine due to boiling water temperature over-high
Bark immanent structure.
Bamboo charcoal is put in alkalescence normal-temperature water and is soaked, and owing to bamboo charcoal has certain acidity, utilizes alkalescence normal-temperature water, weakens bamboo
The acidity that charcoal itself exists, thus prevent owing to bamboo charcoal is acid too strong and affect Growth of Dendrobium candidum.
Sphagna put in normal-temperature water soak, it is possible to effectively protect sphagna itself structure, easily absorb water due to sphagna and
Water absorption is more, needs to carry out extrusion dehydration to setting water content.
After Cortex Pini, bamboo charcoal, sphagna are soaked by this method, filter part moisture content so that it is moisture content is maintained at suitable model
In enclosing, preferably meet the Herba Dendrobii requirement to moisture content.This method soaks Cortex Pini, bamboo charcoal, sphagna, no by normal-temperature water
But there is the advantages such as simple to operate, with low cost, saving is artificial, when being also adaptable for establishing in large scale Herba Dendrobii, quickly process base
Matter;And, additionally it is possible to preserve its immanent structure and this structure brings corresponding effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below by the way of the most understandable, accompanying drawings preferred implementation, the cultivation to a kind of Herba Dendrobii
Above-mentioned characteristic, technical characteristic, advantage and the implementation thereof of substrate and preparation method are further described.
Fig. 1 is the effect schematic diagram of Cortex Pini in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the effect schematic diagram of bamboo charcoal of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the effect schematic diagram of the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the effect schematic diagram that cultivation has Herba Dendrobii in cultivation matrix.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will comparison accompanying drawing explanation
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention.It should be evident that the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for
From the point of view of those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing, and obtain other embodiment.
For making simplified form, only schematically show part related to the present invention in each figure, they do not represent
It is as the practical structures of product.It addition, so that simplified form readily appreciates, some figure has identical structure or function
Parts, only symbolically depict one of them, or have only marked one of them.In this article, " one " not only represents
" only this ", it is also possible to represent the situation of " more than one ".
1, experiment
Embodiment 1
Raw material: choose the Cortex Pini of fresh dried, import sphagna and the bamboo charcoal host material as cultivation of dendrobium officinale
(as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2);Be broken into by described Cortex Pini is 0.8~2.4cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is broken into 0.4~1.5cm
Bamboo carbon block;In parts by weight, described Cortex Pini 8 parts, described sphagna 1 part, described bamboo charcoal 1 part.
Preparation method: described Cortex Pini is put into after soaking 4 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial, filter described pine
Portion of water in bark, makes the water content of described Cortex Pini reach 40%;In parts by weight, described antibacterial 0.8 part, described
Normal-temperature water 1300 parts;Described antibacterial can use the carbendazim on market.
Described bamboo charcoal is put into after alkalescence normal-temperature water (tap water) is soaked 22 hours, filter the part in described bamboo charcoal
Moisture content, makes the water content of described bamboo charcoal reach 40%;The pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 7.2;
Sphagna is put into after normal-temperature water is soaked 8 hours, described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes containing of described sphagna
The water yield reaches 30%;
After the Cortex Pini after immersion treatment, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii (such as Fig. 3
Shown in).
Embodiment 2
Raw material: choose the Cortex Pini of fresh dried, import sphagna and the bamboo charcoal host material as cultivation of dendrobium officinale
(as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2);Be broken into by described Cortex Pini is 0.8~2.4cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is broken into 0.4~1.5cm
Bamboo carbon block;In parts by weight, described Cortex Pini 1 part, described sphagna 8 parts, described bamboo charcoal 8 parts.
Preparation method: put into by described Cortex Pini after soaking 14 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial, filters described
Portion of water in Cortex Pini, makes the water content of described Cortex Pini reach 70%;In parts by weight, described antibacterial 1.2 parts, institute
State normal-temperature water 2000 parts;Described antibacterial can use the carbendazim on market.
Described bamboo charcoal is put into after alkalescence normal-temperature water (tap water) is soaked 26 hours, filter the part in described bamboo charcoal
Moisture content, makes the water content of described bamboo charcoal reach 70%;The pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 8.5;Can put in alkalescence normal-temperature water
Enter antibacterial, in parts by weight, described antibacterial 1.2 parts, described normal-temperature water 2000 parts;Described antibacterial can use on market
Carbendazim.
Sphagna is put into after normal-temperature water is soaked 14 hours, described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes described sphagna
Water content reaches 55%;
After the Cortex Pini after immersion treatment, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii (such as Fig. 3
Shown in).
Embodiment 3
Raw material: choose the Cortex Pini of fresh dried, import sphagna and the bamboo charcoal host material as cultivation of dendrobium officinale
(as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2);Be broken into by described Cortex Pini is 1~2cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is broken into 0.5~1.3cm bamboo charcoal
Block;In parts by weight, described Cortex Pini 5 parts, described sphagna 1 part, described bamboo charcoal 1 part.
Preparation method: described Cortex Pini is put into after soaking 6 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial, filter described pine
Portion of water in bark, makes the water content of described Cortex Pini reach 55%;In parts by weight, described antibacterial 1 part, described often
1500 parts of warm water;Described antibacterial can use the carbendazim on market.
Described bamboo charcoal is put into after alkalescence normal-temperature water (tap water) is soaked 23 hours, filter the part in described bamboo charcoal
Moisture content, makes the water content of described bamboo charcoal reach 55%;The pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 8.5;
Sphagna is put into after normal-temperature water is soaked 11 hours, described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes described sphagna
Water content reaches 40%;
After the Cortex Pini after immersion treatment, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii (such as Fig. 3
Shown in).
Embodiment 4
Raw material: choose the Cortex Pini of fresh dried, import sphagna and the bamboo charcoal host material as cultivation of dendrobium officinale
(as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2);Be broken into by described Cortex Pini is 1~2cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is broken into 0.5~1.3cm bamboo charcoal
Block;In parts by weight, described Cortex Pini 7 parts, described sphagna 3 parts, described bamboo charcoal 3 parts.
Preparation method: put into by described Cortex Pini after soaking 12 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial, filters described
Portion of water in Cortex Pini, makes the water content of described Cortex Pini reach 65%;In parts by weight, described antibacterial 0.9 part, institute
State normal-temperature water 1800 parts;Described antibacterial can use the carbendazim on market.
Described bamboo charcoal is put into after alkalescence normal-temperature water (tap water) is soaked 25 hours, filter the part in described bamboo charcoal
Moisture content, makes the water content of described bamboo charcoal reach 65%;The pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 8.5;
Sphagna is put into after normal-temperature water is soaked 13 hours, described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes described sphagna
Water content reaches 50%;
After the Cortex Pini after immersion treatment, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii (such as Fig. 3
Shown in).
Embodiment 5
Raw material: choose the Cortex Pini of fresh dried, import sphagna and the bamboo charcoal host material as cultivation of dendrobium officinale
(as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2);Be broken into by described Cortex Pini is 0.8~2.4cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is broken into 0.4~1.5cm
Bamboo carbon block;In parts by weight, described Cortex Pini 6 parts, described sphagna 2 parts, described bamboo charcoal 2 parts.
Preparation method: described Cortex Pini is put into after soaking 8 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial, filter described pine
Portion of water in bark, makes the water content of described Cortex Pini reach 60%;In parts by weight, described antibacterial 1.1 parts, described
Normal-temperature water 1700 parts;Described antibacterial can use the carbendazim on market.
Described bamboo charcoal is put into after alkalescence normal-temperature water (tap water) is soaked 24 hours, filter the part in described bamboo charcoal
Moisture content, makes the water content of described bamboo charcoal reach 60%;The pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 8.5;
Sphagna is put into after normal-temperature water is soaked 12 hours, described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes described sphagna
Water content reaches 45%;
After the Cortex Pini after immersion treatment, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii (such as Fig. 3
Shown in).
Embodiment 6
Raw material: choose the Cortex Pini of fresh dried, import sphagna and the bamboo charcoal host material as cultivation of dendrobium officinale
(as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2);Be broken into by described Cortex Pini is 0.8~2.4cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is broken into 0.4~1.5cm
Bamboo carbon block;In parts by weight, described Cortex Pini 2 parts, described sphagna 6 parts, described bamboo charcoal 6 parts.
Preparation method: described Cortex Pini is put into after soaking 8 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial, filter described pine
Portion of water in bark, makes the water content of described Cortex Pini reach 60%;In parts by weight, described antibacterial 1.1 parts, described
Normal-temperature water 1700 parts;Described antibacterial can use the carbendazim on market.
Described bamboo charcoal is put into after alkalescence normal-temperature water (tap water) is soaked 24 hours, filter the part in described bamboo charcoal
Moisture content, makes the water content of described bamboo charcoal reach 60%;The pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 8.5;
Sphagna is put into after normal-temperature water is soaked 12 hours, described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes described sphagna
Water content reaches 45%;
After the Cortex Pini after immersion treatment, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii (such as Fig. 3
Shown in).
2, experimental result
Form 1 is according to dendrobium officinale substrate proportioning in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 5, embodiment 6, makees a base
The experiment of plasmogamy ratio.
Form 1:
As shown in Figure 4, behind 3~cultivation in 8 months, measure and record Herba Dendrobii stem length as experimental result,
The growth factor existed due to every strain Herba Dendrobii itself, even if under same substrate composition, also can there is difference in its growth result
Different.Average 1,2,3,4 is the respective meansigma methods of the measurement result of four kinds of different substrates proportionings respectively.Extreme difference refer to substrate composition because of
The element relative effect degree to experimental result.
From above table: keeping the constant of air humidity, extend in the case of irrigating interval time, Cortex Pini ratio
Example is too high, then poor water retention property, and substrate is easily dried.If sphagna is too high with bamboo charcoal ratio, then the excessive poor air permeability of root system humidity,
Root system is immersed in water for a long time and easily rots.By seen from experimental result and average in this battery of tests, by single factor test i.e. base
The interpretation of result of plasmogamy ratio is compared, and Cortex Pini, sphagna, bamboo charcoal ratio are during 6:2:2 to be optimal.
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment all can independent assortment as required.The above is only the preferred of the present invention
Embodiment, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, in the premise without departing from the principle of the invention
Under, it is also possible to making some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the cultivation matrix of a Herba Dendrobii, it is characterised in that including:
Cortex Pini, sphagna and bamboo charcoal, in parts by weight, described Cortex Pini 1~8 parts, described sphagna 1~8 parts, described bamboo charcoal 1~8
Part.
2. the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described Cortex Pini 5~7 parts, described sphagna 1~3 parts, described bamboo charcoal 1~3 parts.
3. the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described Cortex Pini 6 parts, described sphagna 2 parts, described bamboo charcoal 2 parts.
4. the cultivation matrix of the Herba Dendrobii as described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that:
Described Cortex Pini is 0.8~2.4cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is 0.4~1.5cm bamboo carbon block.
5. the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:
Described Cortex Pini is 1~2cm pinaster skin bit;Described bamboo charcoal is 0.5~1.3cm bamboo carbon block.
6. a preparation method for the cultivation matrix of application Herba Dendrobii as described in any one in Claims 1 to 5, it is special
Levy and be, including:
Cortex Pini is put into and the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial is soaked 4~after 14 hours, filter the part in described Cortex Pini
Moisture, makes the water content of described Cortex Pini reach 40%~70%;
Bamboo charcoal is put into and alkalescence normal-temperature water is soaked 22~after 26 hours, filter the part moisture content in described bamboo charcoal, make described
The water content of bamboo charcoal reaches 40%~70%;
Sphagna is put into and normal-temperature water is soaked 8~after 14 hours, described sphagna is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes containing of described sphagna
The water yield reaches 30%~55%;
After described Cortex Pini, bamboo charcoal, sphagna mix homogeneously, obtain the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii.
7. the preparation method of the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The water content of described Cortex Pini reaches 55%~65%;The water content of described bamboo charcoal reaches 55%~65%;Described sphagna
Water content reach 40%~50%.
8. the preparation method of the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:
Described Cortex Pini soaks 6~12 hours in the normal-temperature water containing antibacterial;Described bamboo charcoal is in the normal-temperature water of alkalescence
Soak 23~25 hours;Described sphagna soaks 11~13 hours in normal-temperature water.
9. the preparation method of the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:
In parts by weight, described antibacterial 0.8~1.2 parts, described normal-temperature water 1300~2000 parts.
10. the preparation method of the cultivation matrix of the Herba Dendrobii as described in any one in claim 6~9, it is characterised in that:
The pH value of described alkalescence normal-temperature water is 7.2~8.5.
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