CN106007211A - 养殖场污水处理方法 - Google Patents
养殖场污水处理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106007211A CN106007211A CN201610548554.4A CN201610548554A CN106007211A CN 106007211 A CN106007211 A CN 106007211A CN 201610548554 A CN201610548554 A CN 201610548554A CN 106007211 A CN106007211 A CN 106007211A
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- waste water
- water
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- pond
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- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
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- 210000002700 Urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CVTZKFWZDBJAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].N Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明提供一种养殖场污水处理方法，包括以下步骤：将养殖场的废水通过排污管送入筛滤池，去除固体物质后的废水经提升泵送入初沉池，分出细小颗粒的废水进入调节池，调节池的废水经提升泵送入UASB高效厌氧池，所述UASB高效厌氧池的出水自流进SBR池进行生物氧化，导出泥水混合液，将所述泥水混合液送入二次沉淀池使其中的泥水分离，将分离后的污泥送进污泥浓缩池，并排出澄清水；所述澄清水经提升泵送入接触池，采用臭氧消毒，接触池处理后的澄清水送入兼性池。本发明中处理方法系统能耗低，运行费用低；本方案加强了预处理及厌氧处理效果，使污染在需能耗的好氧处理之前大大去除，从而减少好氧生化处理负荷，同时节省能耗。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及污水处理技术领域，特别涉及一种养殖场污水处理方法。
背景技术
[0002] 养殖场污水主要包括动物尿液、部分动物粪便和饲养舍冲洗水，属高浓度有机污 水，而且悬浮物和氨氮含量大。这种未经处理的污水进入自然水体后，使水中固体悬浮物、 有机物和微生物含量升高，改变水体的物理、化学和生物群落组成，使水质变坏。污水中还 含有大量的病原微生物将通过水体或通过水生动植物进行扩散传播，危害人畜健康。为了 做到经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的三者有机结合，使企业走可持续发展的道路，必须对 其污水进行有效的治理。
[0003] 养殖场废水的主要特征是:有机物浓度高、悬浮物多、色度深，并含有大量的细菌， 因含有大量动物的屎尿而使NH3-N浓度很高。废水中的污染物主要以固态、溶解态存在的碳 水化合物形式存在，使废水表现出很高的B0D5、CODcr、SS和色度等，污染物可生物降解性 好，此外废水中含有大量的N、P等营养物质。废水中的固体残渣主要为有机物质。
[0004] 国内外多年的实践证明，对于易生物降解的有机废水，生化处理是最为有效和经 济的处理技术，包括厌氧、好氧技术和稳定塘等。对于浓度较高的有机废水单独的厌氧处理 一般不能够达到处理要求，单独的好氧处理运行费用高，厌氧一好氧串联工艺结合了厌氧 处理工艺和好氧处理工艺的优点而避免了各自的缺点，厌氧处理工艺能耗低、污泥产量低， 负荷高，但出水不达标;好氧处理工艺出水水质好，运行稳定，但需能耗，污泥产量较高。因 此厌氧一好氧串联工艺在能耗、投资、处理成本和治理效果方面都具有较大的优越性。我们 根据废水的水质特点及养殖场具体条件，结合多项工程的成功经验，本着投资省、运行费用 低、操作管理方便的原则，确定了UASB厌氧一改良SBR-消毒一兼性池处理工艺。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明提供了一种养殖场污水处理方法，解决现有的养殖场污水处理投资高、运 行费用高和操作管理不便的问题。
[0006] 为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
[0007] 养殖场污水处理方法，包括以下步骤：
[0008] (1)将养殖场的废水通过排污管送入筛滤池，以去除废水中的固体物质；
[0009] (2)去除固体物质后的废水经提升栗送入初沉池，废水在所述初沉池内进一步分 离出细小颗粒；
[0010] (3)分出细小颗粒的废水进入调节池；
[0011] (4)调节池的废水经提升栗送入UASB高效厌氧池，使废水中大分子有机物质在厌 氧菌的作用下分解成小分子物质；
[0012] (5)所述UASB高效厌氧池的出水自流进SBR池进行生物氧化，导出泥水混合液；
[0013] (6)将所述泥水混合液送入二次沉淀池使其中的泥水分离，将分离后的污泥送进 污泥浓缩池，并排出澄清水；
[0014] (7)所述澄清水经提升栗送入接触池，采用臭氧消毒，以杀死澄清水中的病原性微 生物；
[0015] (8)经过接触池处理后的澄清水送入兼性池，利用好氧菌、厌氧菌和兼性菌的共同 作用去除水中有机物。
[0016] 其中，优选地，所述筛滤池分两个格间，所述格间内分别安装有筛滤装置。
[0017]其中，优选地，所述筛滤装置为80目不锈钢丝网。
[0018] 其中，优选地，所述初沉池的进口投加石灰乳溶液，调节pH值为8.0~8.5。
[0019] 其中，优选地，所述SBR池内设置潜水搅拌器。
[0020] 其中，优选地，所述初沉池、所述调节池、所述UASB厌氧池、所述SBR池的排污泥管 道与所述污泥浓缩池连接。
[0021 ]其中，优选地，所述污泥浓缩池的出口与污泥干化床连接。
[0022]本发明的有益效果：
[0023] (1)本发明先将废水送入筛滤池，进行强化预处理，去除废水中的固体物质，使 C0Dcr、B0D5浓度大大降低；
[0024] (2)本发明采用UASB高效厌氧池(厌氧生化池)将废水中大分子有机物质在厌氧菌 的作用下分解成小分子物质，针对B0D5、C0Dcr等污染物浓度较高的工业废水，有很高的抗 负荷冲击能力和处理效率。
[0025] (3)本发明中处理方法系统能耗低，运行费用低;本方案加强了预处理及厌氧处理 效果，使污染在需能耗的好氧处理之前大大去除，从而减少好氧生化处理负荷，同时节省能 耗。
附图说明
[0026]为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现 有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本 发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以 根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
[0027]图1为本发明养殖场污水处理方法的工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
[0028]下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完 整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于 本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
[0029]本实施例提供一种养殖场污水处理方法，该处理方法的工艺流程示意图如图1所 示，包括以下步骤：
[0030] (1)将养殖场的废水通过排污管送入筛滤池，以去除废水中的固体物质，从而减少 后续工艺的处理负荷。筛滤池分两个格间，所述格间内分别安装有筛滤装置;筛滤装置为80 目不锈钢丝网。同时靠出口一端池底设砂滤装置，在池交替使用时滤干积水。筛滤滤出的固 体残渣每天人工清理外运与粪渣一起处理
[0031] (2)去除固体物质后的废水经提升栗送入初沉池，废水在所述初沉池内进一步分 离出细小颗粒;在初沉池的进口投加石灰乳溶液，调节pH值为8.2。在发明中，pH值范围可为 8.0~8.5。在初沉池进口投加石灰乳溶液，一方面，投加石灰改善废水的沉降功能，使废水 中的胶体物质发生电中和形成絮体，使微小颗粒能共同沉淀下来，在初沉池得到分离； [0032] (3)分出细小颗粒的废水进入调节池；因废水排放量有波动性，为保证后续处理单 元的连续稳定运行，废水经初沉池后进调节池进行水质水量调节。调节池的水缓慢地连续 均勾加入处理系统，减少对系统的冲击负荷。
[0033] (4)调节池的废水经提升栗送入UASB高效厌氧池，使废水中大分子有机物质在厌 氧菌的作用下分解成小分子物质;厌氧池采用UASB厌氧结构，反应装置上部为填料，下部为 悬浮污泥床，具有容积负荷高、运行稳定、耐冲击负荷、受气温变化影响小，所采用填料表面 积大，无堵塞现象，所生成性能优良的颗粒污泥净化效果好，CODcr、B0D5净化效率可达到 80-90% 〇
[0034] (5)所述UASB高效厌氧池的出水自流进SBR池（序列间歇式活性污泥法)进行生物 氧化，导出泥水混合液;SBR池生物氧化工艺是目前高浓度有机废水普遍采用的好氧处理工 艺，是一种简易、高效、低能耗的废水生化处理法。具有如下优点:A、工艺简单，剩余污泥处 置麻烦少，节约投资。B、投资省、占地少、运行费用低。C、反应过程基质浓度梯度大，反应推 动力大，效率高。D、耐有机负荷和毒物负荷冲击，运行方式灵活，由于是静止沉淀，因此出水 效果好。E、厌(缺)氧和好氧过程交替发生、泥龄短、活性高，有很好的脱氮除磷效果。基于该 方法的上述优越性，使该法在国内外的有机废水处理中，得到了迅速的发展和应用。它实际 是活性污泥法的演变和延伸，但运行较之更为灵活、稳定和高效。
[0035] (6)将所述泥水混合液送入二次沉淀池使其中的泥水分离，将分离后的污泥送进 污泥浓缩池，并排出澄清水；
[0036] (7)所述澄清水经提升栗送入接触池，采用臭氧消毒，以杀死澄清水中的病原性微 生物；
[0037] (8)经过接触池处理后的澄清水送入兼性池，利用好氧菌、厌氧菌和兼性菌的共同 作用去除水中有机物。
[0038]其中，所述初沉池、所述调节池、所述UASB厌氧池、所述SBR池的排污泥管道与所述 污泥浓缩池连接，污泥浓缩池的出口与污泥干化床连接。浓缩后的污泥经污泥栗输送至污 泥干化床，干化后干泥饼外运，因污泥是一种很好的有机肥料，经堆肥无菌处理后，亦可作 为农肥出售。并且，浓缩池上清液回流至调节池。调节池提升栗安装液位控制装置，提升栗 根据调节池内水位自动启动与停机，从而不仅减轻操作强度，而且起到了保护水栗的作用。 [0039]未经上述实施例的处理方法处理的水质为：
[0041]经实施例方法处理后的水质为：
[0043]上从上述检测结果看，使用本养殖场污水处理方法得到的排放水符合《畜禽养殖 业污染物排放标准》(GB18596-2001)排放水，同时要满足《农田灌溉水质标准》（GB5084-2005)旱作排放标准。
[0044]以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精 神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1. 养殖场污水处理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤： (1) 将养殖场的废水通过排污管送入筛滤池，以去除废水中的固体物质； (2) 去除固体物质后的废水经提升栗送入初沉池，废水在所述初沉池内进一步分离出 细小颗粒； (3) 分出细小颗粒的废水进入调节池； (4) 调节池的废水经提升栗送入UASB高效厌氧池，使废水中大分子有机物质在厌氧菌 的作用下分解成小分子物质； (5) 所述UASB高效厌氧池的出水自流进SBR池进行生物氧化，导出泥水混合液； (6) 将所述泥水混合液送入二次沉淀池使其中的泥水分离，将分离后的污泥送进污泥 浓缩池，并排出澄清水； (7) 所述澄清水经提升栗送入接触池，采用臭氧消毒，以杀死澄清水中的病原性微生 物； (8) 经过接触池处理后的澄清水送入兼性池，利用好氧菌、厌氧菌和兼性菌的共同作用 去除水中有机物。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的养殖场污水处理方法，其特征在于，所述筛滤池分两个格间， 所述格间内分别安装有筛滤装置。
3. 根据权利要求2所述的养殖场污水处理方法，其特征在于，所述筛滤装置为80目不锈 钢丝网。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的养殖场污水处理方法，其特征在于，所述初沉池的进口投加石 灰乳溶液，调节pH值为8.0~8.5。
5. 根据权利要求1所述的养殖场污水处理方法，其特征在于，所述SBR池内设置潜水搅 拌器。
6. 根据权利要求1所述的养殖场污水处理方法，其特征在于，所述初沉池、所述调节池、 所述UASB厌氧池、所述SBR池的排污泥管道与所述污泥浓缩池连接。
7. 根据权利要求6所述的养殖场污水处理方法，其特征在于，所述污泥浓缩池的出口与 污泥干化床连接。
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