CN105998919A - 一种治疗高血脂症的中药 - Google Patents
一种治疗高血脂症的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属中药技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗高血脂症的中药。本发明按标本兼治的原则,依据高血脂的致病机理,结合中医理论的君臣佐使组方原理,经潜心研究,研制出一种治疗高血脂症的中药。所述中药精选各中药原料及其配比,通过各原料的配伍和协调作用,从整体上对机体进行综合调理,达到通经活络、活化血管、祛湿化痰、行气散瘀、化浊降脂、滋补肝肾、健脾养心、益智健脑、助脾养胃、补气养血、促进血液循坏、增强免疫力、增强体质的作用,进而到达能够有效降低血脂,降低血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白,清除血管壁胆固醇,缓解动脉粥样硬化,抑制脂质过氧化,实现标本兼治,治愈后不易复发的目的。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明属于中成药物技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗高血脂症的中药。
【背景技术】
高血脂对身体的损害是隐蔽、逐渐、进行性和全身性的。它的直接损害是加速全身动脉粥样硬化,因为全身的重要器官都要依靠动脉供血、供氧,一旦动脉被粥样斑块堵塞,就会导致严重后果。动脉硬化引起的肾功能衰竭等,都与高血脂症密切相关。大量研究资料表明,高血脂症是脑卒中、冠心病、心肌梗死、猝死的危险因素。此外,高血脂症也是促进高血压、糖耐量异常、糖尿病的一个重要危险因素。高血脂症还可导致脂肪肝、肝硬化、胆石症、胰腺炎、眼底出血、失明、周围血管疾病、跛行、高尿酸血症等。2005年1月21日,卫生部疾病控制司司长齐小秋对媒体说,近年来,高血压、高血脂患者都已分别达到1.6亿人,在我国呈快速增长势头。故该病严重危害人类的生命和健康。
中医认为:“肥人多痰湿”,痰浊中阻可致本病。阴虚者多肝肾不足,肝肾阴虚,肝阳偏亢,木旺克土,伤脾胃生痰,或劳欲过度,更伤肾脏,因生命原动力缺乏而致代谢失调,也就是说,“肝肾不足,脾土运化不力”易引发为本病。
目前治疗高血脂主要是服用西药,西药降脂药主要有两大类,以降低总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白为主的首推他汀类和以降低甘油三酯为主的贝特类,其降脂的效果明显,但会引起肝肾损害和严重肌病等副作用,易引起并发症等。
我国,目前在中药防治高血脂症也做了大量的研究工作,目前已有多种降低血脂的中药制剂,例如:云南花粉田七口服液、新清宁片、脂可清、首乌片、山楂精降脂片、降脂健身片、心脉通片、降脂灵片、丹田降脂丸、银杏叶胶囊等十多种,均对降低血脂有一定疗效,但是见效期长,并且效果不明显。
【发明内容】
本发明主要针对目前治疗高血脂症的药物具有药效单一、副作用大、易引起并发症等不足,而提供一种疗效确切、综合调理、价格低廉、无毒副作用的治疗高血脂症的中药。
本发明目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种治疗高血脂症的中药,包括以下原料:桑寄生、山楂、丹参、薏苡仁、红曲、甘草、朱砂、三丫苦、岗稔根、蛤蚧、大金香炉、麒麟尾、草玉梅、吊岩风、三爪金龙、了哥王、十大功劳、老虎脷、榕树须、骨碎补、龙骨风。
优选地,所述中药的各原料按以下重量份数组成:桑寄生12-15份,山楂10-15份,丹参10-15份,薏苡仁15-20份,红曲3-5份,甘草3-5份、朱砂1-2份、三丫苦2-5份、岗稔根4-7份、蛤蚧1-2份、大金香炉3-4份、麒麟尾2-5份、草玉梅2-5份、吊岩风1-3份、三爪金龙4-7份、了哥王3-5份、十大功劳2-6份、老虎脷3-5份、榕树须5-10份、骨碎补5-7份、龙骨风2-3份。
优选地,所述中药的各原料按以下重量份数组成:桑寄生12份,山楂12份,丹参13份,薏苡仁15份,红曲4份,甘草4份、朱砂1份、三丫苦2份、岗稔根5份、蛤蚧1份、大金香炉3份、麒麟尾3份、草玉梅3份、吊岩风2份、三爪金龙6份、了哥王4份、十大功劳4份、老虎脷3份、榕树须7份、骨碎补6份、龙骨风3份。
可应用本发明所述治疗高血脂症的中药制备成任何一种药剂学上的剂型,所述剂型包括但不限于片剂、胶囊剂、口服液、口含片、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、混悬剂、粉剂、溶液剂、滴剂、滴丸剂、酒剂、膏剂等,优选剂型为颗粒剂。
本发明同时提供上述中药的颗粒剂的制备方法,具体过程为:
1)按重量份称取所述中药各原料,将红曲、朱砂以外的原料放入煎药容器中,加入煎药容器中原料总重量3~4倍量的水,浸泡3-4小时;
2)而后进行煎煮,先大火煮沸,再保持沸腾小火煎煮30-40min,分离药液与药渣;
3)向药渣中加入与步骤1)相同量的水,先大火煮沸,再保持沸腾小火煎煮20-30min,分离药液与药渣;
4)重复步骤3)一次;
5)合并三次煎煮所得药液,过滤,浓缩成浸膏,备用;
6)将红曲、朱砂分别进行超微粉碎,得红曲、朱砂超微粉碎粉末,备用;
7)将红曲、朱砂超微粉碎粉末与步骤5)制得的浸膏混合做成软材,制粒,干燥,整粒,分装制成颗粒剂。
或用红曲、朱砂超微粉碎粉末与上述浸膏混匀,按照常规中药制剂的制备方法,制成所需的其他剂型,如片剂、胶囊剂、口服液、口含片、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、混悬剂、粉剂、溶液剂、滴剂、滴丸剂、酒剂、膏剂等。
为进一步表明本发明的治疗效果,本发明做了如下临床验证:
诊断标准:
根据血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇的测定结果,通常将高脂血症分为以下四种类型:
①高胆固醇血症:血清总胆固醇(TC)含量增高,超过572毫摩尔/升,而甘油三酯含量正常,即甘油三酯(TG)<1.70毫摩尔/升。
②高甘油三酯血症:血清甘油三酯含量增高,超过1.70毫摩尔/升,而总胆固醇含量正常,即总胆固醇<5.72毫摩尔/升。
③混合型高脂血症:血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量均增高,即总胆固醇超过572毫摩尔/升,甘油三酯超过1.70毫摩尔/升。
④高脂血症的诊断标准包括低高密度脂蛋白血症:血清高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-胆固醇)含量降低,小于9.0毫摩尔/升。
治疗效果判断标准:
①临床控制:血脂恢复正常;
②显效:TC↓≥20%,TG↓≥40%,HDL↑≥0.26mmol/L或LDL↓≥20%;
③有效:TC↓10%~20%,TG↓20%~40%,HDL↑0.10%~0.26mmol/L,LDL↓10%~20%;
④无效:血脂结果未达到有效标准。
注:↓表示治疗前后检测指标的变化趋势是下降或降低。
↑表示治疗前后检测指标的变化趋势是上升或升高。
患者选取:
观察病例为2009年1-12月患心脑血管疾病合并高脂血症的患者共128例,其中男92例,女36例,年龄最小39岁,最大82岁,平均56.68±11.42岁。入选的128例患者均符合1997年中华心血管病杂志编辑委员会血脂异常防治对策专题组《血脂异常防治建议》中诊断标准近1个月内未服用降血脂药物,维持正常饮食,且经两次空腹血脂检测,血清TC 5.72mmol/L,TG 1.70mmol/L,LDL 3.64mmol/L。经询问病史、体检和有关实验室检查,排除肝、肾、内分泌疾患和药物所致的继发性高脂血症。在2010年1月至2012年12月在市中医医院随机选取符合WHO高脂血症诊断标准入选高脂血症患者60例,先按性别、年龄、体重指数和血脂指标等级分层,然后各层次再按随机数字法随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组30例,其中男性18例,女性12例,平均年龄56.68±11.24岁;对照组30例,其中男性18例,女性12例,平均年龄56.68±11.20岁。两组患者在年龄、性别、体重指数和血脂指标经统计学处理差异不显著(P>0.05)。对比治疗4个月后,检测患者总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的水平,对比治疗数据参见表1。
治疗方法:
对照组用洛伐他汀胶囊,每次20mg,每日1次,晚餐饭后服用。治疗组用本发明中药制成的颗粒剂,每次5g,每日2次,中餐、晚餐饭后口服。
表1本发明对高血脂患者的对比治疗数据
注:P<0.05
从上述的实验数据可以看出,本发明的治疗高血脂症的中药颗粒剂服用后能有效降低血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的水平。
本发明中各原料的相关特性如下:
桑寄生,为桑寄生科植物桑寄生、四川寄生、红花寄生、毛叶钝果寄生的枝叶。味苦、甘,性平。归肝经、肾经。具有补肝肾、强筋骨、除风湿、通经络、益血脉、补气温中的功效。治腰膝酸痛,筋骨痿弱,偏枯,脚气,风寒湿痹,胎漏血崩,产后乳汁不下。
山楂,为蔷薇科植物山里红、山楂的成熟果实。药性:酸甘;微温;无毒。归经:脾;胃;肝;肺经。具有消食积;化滞瘀之功效。主治:饮食积滞,脘腹胀痛,泄泻痢疾,血瘀痛经,闭经,产后腹痛;恶露不尽。
丹参,为唇形科植物丹参和甘西鼠尾草的根。药性:味苦;性微寒。归经:归心;心包;肝经。具有活血祛瘀;调经止痛;养血安神;凉血消痈之功效。主治:妇女月经不调;痛经;经闭;产后瘀滞腹痛;心腹疼痛;癥瘕积聚;热痹肿痛;跌打损伤;热入营血;烦躁不安;心烦失眠;痈疮肿毒。
薏苡仁,性凉,味甘、淡。归脾经、胃经、肺经。功效与作用:健脾利湿、除痹止泻、清热排脓。属利水渗湿药下属分类的利尿通淋药。含薏苡仁酯、棕榈酸、亚油酸、薏苡多糖A、薏苡多糖B、薏苡多糖C等成分,有抑制骨骼肌收缩、解热、镇痛、抗炎、抗肿瘤和增强免疫功能等作用;还能轻度降低血糖。
红曲,为曲霉科真菌红曲霉的菌丝体寄生在粳米上而成的红曲米。药性:甘;温;无毒。归经:肝;脾;胃;大肠经。具有活血化瘀;健脾消食之功效。主治:饮食积滞;脘腹胀满;赤白下痢;产后恶露不尽;跌打损伤。
甘草,甘,平。入十二经。功能:补脾益气,清热解毒,润肺止咳,为缓和剂调补药。主治:脾虚气弱,咳嗽气喘,痈疽疮毒,尿道疼痛及调和药性等。清火生用,补中炙用。
朱砂,为天然的辰砂矿石。药性:甘;凉;有毒。归经:心;脾;肺;肾经。具有镇心安神;清热解毒;明目之功效。主治癫狂;惊悸;心烦;失眠症;眩晕;目昏;肿毒;疮疡。
三丫苦,别名喊刮,三叉苦,为芸香科植物三叉苦的根和叶。傣语郎晚意即佛祖广传于世的药,普济众生擅治热病,是清热解毒,除风止痒的圣药。味苦,气香,性凉。具有清热解毒,除风止痒,消肿止痛之功效。主治“接崩接短短皇”(脘腹灼热疼痛),“说想令旱,说哦”(口干舌燥,口臭),“拢栽歪栽线”(心慌心悸),“拢沙龙接火,说凤令兰”(咽喉肿痛,口舌生疮),“拢牛”(小便热涩疼痛),“纳勒米”(月经过多),“割鲁了勒多冒少”(产后恶露不尽),“拢麻想多烘”(皮肤红疹瘙痒)。
岗稔根,性平,味甘、微涩,归肝经、肾经,舒肝通络、止痛。属理气药。用治肝气郁滞的胸胁疼痛、风湿骨痛、腰肌劳损。
蛤蚧,为壁虎科动物蛤蚧除去内脏的全体。药性:味咸;性平。归经:肺;肾经。具有益肾补肺;定喘止嗽之功效。主治:肺肾两虚气喘咳嗽,虚劳咳嗽;咯血;肾虚阳痿;遗精;小便频数;消渴。
大金香炉,野牡丹科药用植物,以根、叶入药。味苦、涩,性凉。入脾、肺、大肠三经。具有健脾利湿、活血止血、消积、解毒的功效,治食积,痢疾,肝炎,跌打肿痛,外伤出血,风湿痹痛等症。
麒麟尾,又名上树龙、飞天蜈蚣,为天南星科麒麟叶属多年生常绿藤本观叶植物,全株均可入药。味淡微涩,性平。归肝、肺经。具有清肝凉血、消肿解毒、活血散瘀、清热利湿的功效,主治感冒发热,鼻衄,目赤肿痛,百日咳,风湿骨痛、铁打损伤,骨折,风湿痹痛,痰火瘰疬,痈疖,毒蛇咬伤。
草玉梅,来自毛茛科银莲花属植物二歧银莲花,以根状茎入药。秋季挖根,晒干。味苦,性凉。具有解毒止痢、舒筋活血的功效。用于喉炎,扁桃腺炎,肝炎,痢疾,疮疖痈毒,风湿骨痛、铁打损伤。
吊岩风,性味:酸、涩,温。功能主治:祛风活络,活血止痛。用于风湿筋骨痛,赤白带下,产后腹痛;外用治骨折,跌打肿痛,疮疖。
三爪金龙,为葡萄科植物爬山虎的茎及根。落叶前采茎,切段晒干,根全年可采。味辛、微涩,性温。归肝经。具有祛风止痛、活血通络的功效。主风湿痹痛,中风半身不遂,偏正头痛,产后血瘀,腹生结块,风湿骨痛、铁打损伤,痈肿疮毒,溃疡不敛。
了哥王,味苦,辛,性寒,有毒。归心、肺、小肠经。功能主治:消热解毒,化痰散结,消肿止痛,用于痈肿疮毒、瘰疬、风湿痛、跌打损伤、蛇虫咬伤。
十大功劳,为小檗科植物阔叶十大功劳的根、茎。味苦,性凉。具有清火解毒,利胆退黄之功效。主治“拢案答勒”(黄疽),“拢牛哈占波”(小便热涩疼痛,尿路结石),“说凤令兰”(口舌生疮),“兵洞飞暖龙”(疔疮痈疖脓肿),“拢蒙沙嘿”(腹痛腹泻,赤白下痢)。
老虎脷,味苦,性和,利水消肿,清热,活血,解毒。治水肿,黄疸,泄泻,疟疾,痢疾,百日咳,淋浊,丹毒,瘰疬,湿疹,疥癣。
榕树须,为桑科植物榕树的气根。味苦,性平。归肺、脾、肾经。具有祛风湿、活血、清热、解毒、消肿、止痛、接骨的功效。治流感,百日咳,麻疹不透,扁桃体炎,眼结膜炎,痧气腹痛,风湿骨痛、铁打损伤,鼻衄,血淋,风湿骨痛、铁打损伤,断筋骨折。
骨碎补,为水龙骨科植物槲蕨的干燥根茎。味苦,性温。归肝经,肾经。具有补肾强骨、活血止痛的功效。治肾虚久泻及腰痛,风湿痹痛,齿痛,耳鸣,跌打闪挫、骨伤,阑尾炎,斑秃,鸡眼。
龙骨风,别名树蕨、涯棉、人头蕨,桫椤科植物桫椤Asophila spinulosa(Wall.exHook.)Tryou的茎干。味微苦,性平。具有祛风除湿,活血散瘀,清热,止咳平喘,强筋骨之功效。治感冒发热、慢性支气管炎、肺炎咳嗽、哮喘、风火牙痛、胃痛、腹痛。疝气疼痛、风湿性关节痛、筋骨疼痛、肾虚腰痛、肾炎水肿、蛔虫病、骨鲠喉。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明按标本兼治的原则,依据高血脂的致病机理,结合中医理论的君臣佐使组方原理,经潜心研究,研制出一种治疗高血脂症的中药。所述治疗高血脂症的中药精选各中药原料及其配比,通过各原料的配伍和协调作用,从整体上对机体进行综合调理,达到通经活络、活化血管、祛湿化痰、行气散瘀、化浊降脂、滋补肝肾、健脾养心、益智健脑、助脾养胃、补气养血、促进血液循坏、增强免疫力、增强体质的作用,进而到达能够有效降低血脂,降低血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白,清除血管壁胆固醇,缓解动脉粥样硬化,抑制脂质过氧化,实现标本兼治,治愈后不易复发的目的。且本中药疗效确切,价格低廉,无毒副作用。
2、本发明的中药在保证疗效的前提下可以制成方便易用的各种剂型,如片剂、胶囊剂、口服液、口含片、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、混悬剂、粉剂、溶液剂、滴剂、滴丸剂、酒剂、膏剂等,且具有制备工艺简单、疗效好、无任何副作用、服用方便和易于推广应用等优点。
3、本发明的中药为天然纯中药制剂,能够减少刺激肠胃引起的不良反应和副作用,并且起效快,在保证疗效的前提下能够制成各种剂型方便患者服用。
【具体实施方式】
下面的实施例可以帮助本领域的技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不可以以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1
一种治疗高血脂症的中药,包括以下原料:桑寄生12份,山楂10份,丹参10份,薏苡仁15份,红曲3份,甘草3份、朱砂1份、三丫苦2份、岗稔根4份、蛤蚧1份、大金香炉3份、麒麟尾2份、草玉梅2份、吊岩风1份、三爪金龙4份、了哥王3份、十大功劳2份、老虎脷3份、榕树须5份、骨碎补5份、龙骨风2份。
实施例2
一种治疗高血脂症的中药,包括以下原料:桑寄生12份,山楂12份,丹参13份,薏苡仁15份,红曲4份,甘草4份、朱砂1份、三丫苦2份、岗稔根5份、蛤蚧1份、大金香炉3份、麒麟尾3份、草玉梅3份、吊岩风2份、三爪金龙6份、了哥王4份、十大功劳4份、老虎脷3份、榕树须7份、骨碎补6份、龙骨风3份。
实施例3
一种治疗高血脂症的中药,包括以下原料:桑寄生15份,山楂15份,丹参15份,薏苡仁20份,红曲5份,甘草5份、朱砂2份、三丫苦5份、岗稔根7份、蛤蚧2份、大金香炉4份、麒麟尾5份、草玉梅5份、吊岩风3份、三爪金龙7份、了哥王5份、十大功劳6份、老虎脷5份、榕树须10份、骨碎补7份、龙骨风3份。
将实施例1至3任一项所述的治疗高血脂症的中药制备成颗粒剂,具体制备过程为:
1)按重量份称取所述中药各原料,将红曲、朱砂以外的原料放入煎药容器中,加入煎药容器中原料总重量3~4倍量的水,浸泡3-4小时;
2)而后进行煎煮,先大火煮沸,再保持沸腾小火煎煮30-40min,分离药液与药渣;
3)向药渣中加入与步骤1)相同量的水,先大火煮沸,再保持沸腾小火煎煮20-30min,分离药液与药渣;
4)重复步骤3)一次;
5)合并三次煎煮所得药液,过滤,浓缩成浸膏,备用;
6)将红曲、朱砂分别进行超微粉碎,得红曲、朱砂超微粉碎粉末,备用;
7)将红曲、朱砂超微粉碎粉末与步骤5)制得的浸膏混合做成软材,制粒,干燥,整粒,分装制成颗粒剂。
本发明配方内提供的治疗高血脂症的中药,临床应用表明治疗效果没有明显的差异,治疗应用中都是任意取自实施例1-3制备的中药颗粒剂。
临床试验结果表明本发明的中药具有显著的治疗高血脂的功效,对各种原因引起的高血脂症治疗有效率达92%以上。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗高血脂症的中药,其特征在于:所述中药包括以下原料:桑寄生、山楂、丹参、薏苡仁、红曲、甘草、朱砂、三丫苦、岗稔根、蛤蚧、大金香炉、麒麟尾、草玉梅、吊岩风、三爪金龙、了哥王、十大功劳、老虎脷、榕树须、骨碎补、龙骨风。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药,其特征在于:所述中药的各原料按以下重量份数组成:桑寄生12-15份,山楂10-15份,丹参10-15份,薏苡仁15-20份,红曲3-5份,甘草3-5份、朱砂1-2份、三丫苦2-5份、岗稔根4-7份、蛤蚧1-2份、大金香炉3-4份、麒麟尾2-5份、草玉梅2-5份、吊岩风1-3份、三爪金龙4-7份、了哥王3-5份、十大功劳2-6份、老虎脷3-5份、榕树须5-10份、骨碎补5-7份、龙骨风2-3份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的中药,其特征在于:所述中药的各原料按以下重量份数组成:桑寄生12份,山楂12份,丹参13份,薏苡仁15份,红曲4份,甘草4份、朱砂1份、三丫苦2份、岗稔根5份、蛤蚧1份、大金香炉3份、麒麟尾3份、草玉梅3份、吊岩风2份、三爪金龙6份、了哥王4份、十大功劳4份、老虎脷3份、榕树须7份、骨碎补6份、龙骨风3份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的中药,其特征在于:所述中药在制备预防和/或治疗高血脂症的药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的中药,其特征在于:应用所述中药制备成任何一种药剂学上的剂型。
6.根据权利要求5所述的中药,其特征在于:所述剂型为片剂、胶囊剂、口服液、口含片、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、混悬剂、粉剂、溶液剂、滴剂、滴丸剂、酒剂、膏剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的中药,其特征在于,所述剂型为颗粒剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的中药,其特征在于:所述颗粒剂的具体制备过程为:
1)按重量份称取所述中药各原料,将红曲、朱砂以外的原料放入煎药容器中,加入煎药容器中原料总重量3~4倍量的水,浸泡3-4小时;
2)而后进行煎煮,先大火煮沸,再保持沸腾小火煎煮30-40min,分离药液与药渣;
3)向药渣中加入与步骤1)相同量的水,先大火煮沸,再保持沸腾小火煎煮20-30min,分离药液与药渣;
4)重复步骤3)一次;
5)合并三次煎煮所得药液,过滤,浓缩成浸膏,备用;
6)将红曲、朱砂分别进行超微粉碎,得红曲、朱砂超微粉碎粉末,备用;
7)将红曲、朱砂超微粉碎粉末与步骤5)制得的浸膏混合做成软材,制粒,干燥,整粒,分装制成颗粒剂。
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