CN105992679B - 用于挤出的塑料型材的定长剪切装置 - Google Patents

用于挤出的塑料型材的定长剪切装置 Download PDF

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CN105992679B
CN105992679B CN201480064852.5A CN201480064852A CN105992679B CN 105992679 B CN105992679 B CN 105992679B CN 201480064852 A CN201480064852 A CN 201480064852A CN 105992679 B CN105992679 B CN 105992679B
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pipe
cut
straight line
length
extrusion
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CN105992679A (zh
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J·德勒格
C·冯希佩尔
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Battenfeld Cincinnati Germany GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/56—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter
    • B26D1/60—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter and is mounted on a movable carriage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/16—Cutting rods or tubes transversely
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/02—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting
    • B26D5/04—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting by fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/355—Conveyors for extruded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9115—Cooling of hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/22—Turning-machines or devices with rotary tool heads
    • B23B3/26—Turning-machines or devices with rotary tool heads the tools of which perform a radial movement; Rotary tool heads thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/14—Cutting-off lathes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/157—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis
    • B26D1/18—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable carriage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0027—Cutting off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/905—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article using wet calibration, i.e. in a quenching tank
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9115—Cooling of hollow articles
    • B29C48/912—Cooling of hollow articles of tubular films
    • B29C48/913—Cooling of hollow articles of tubular films externally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
    • Y10T82/16426—Infeed means
    • Y10T82/16655—Infeed means with means to rotate tool[s]
    • Y10T82/16754—Means to feed work axially

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于定长剪切挤出的管(6)的装置，所述装置包括至少一个分割工具(7)和用于分割工具(7)的接纳单元(8)，其中，分割工具(7)能相对于挤出轴线(9)沿径向移动并且能经由其他机构围绕要定长剪切的管(6)旋转，以便定长剪切管。按照本发明在此规定，所述接纳单元利用接纳盘(15)经由环形元件(29)而与套筒(14)处于连接，其中，在套筒(14)上平行于挤出轴线(9)地设置有直线引导元件(22)，至少四个直线引导元件(22)均匀地分布在套筒(14)的周边上。

Description

用于挤出的塑料型材的定长剪切装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于定长剪切挤出的管的装置，该管优选是厚壁的，所述装置包括至少一个分割工具和用于分割工具的接纳单元，其中，分割工具能相对于挤出轴线沿径向移动并且能经由其他机构围绕要定长剪切的管旋转，以便定长剪切管。
背景技术
为了定长剪切挤出的管通常使用所谓的飞锯，其中，圆形的锯条被从下方(底部锯)、从上方(潜锯)或者从侧面(横向锯)向要锯的管引导，潜入管的横截面中并且在第一步中切开壁厚。在第二步中围绕管引导锯条，以便完全定长剪切管。在这里，要定长剪切的管在锯割过程期间被夹紧；锯滑座或者锯滑板然后与连续地继续进行的挤出过程同步地以挤出速度一同移动(“飞锯”)。
如果锯管，则产生锯屑。此外，由锯条在管上的摩擦决定地，特别是在塑料管中，产生静电。这具有如下缺点，即，锯屑保持粘附在管上，这导致污染。产生的废料经常必须被宣布为特殊垃圾，这使得废旧利用不可能。
对于小管已经使用如下的装置，在该装置中无切屑地进行定长剪切。代替行进的锯，围绕管如此长时间地引导圆形的刀，直至管壁被切开。
利用最后提到的无切屑的分割实现了干净地分割横截面薄的小的管直径，但到目前不可能也成功地定长剪切具有大的直至很大的直径、例如2m直径的厚壁的管。在这些管中，总是重新动用更上面描述的锯，这具有已知的缺点。
试验已经表明，主要问题在于将刀精确地引导穿过厚壁的管。由于大的厚度和大的直径，在刀极小地倾斜时该刀已经在材料中歪斜，这导致刀破碎。
对于这种分割单元的市场要求在于高的直线速度和同时短的切割长度以及例如在由PP/PVC制成的通道管中安置倒角的可能性。虽然已知可以非常快速地实施分割过程的自动分割机，但所述自动分割机通常具有如下缺点，即，其不能倒角或者不适合于每种塑料材料。但借以可以进行倒角的自动分割机通常具有比较大的锯滑座并且因而是缓慢的。因此所需的用于切割的时间非常长。
在现今的机器、如锯(“飞锯”)中，经由绕管运转的分割刀臂或锯臂切开各种不同直径的管。所有为此所需的功能、如前后移动臂、夹紧/松脱管和相应的位置反馈安置在绕管旋转的盘上。为此，为电信号使用滑环。常见的方法是，为每个信号使用一个自己的滑环轨。由于在较小机器中的结构尺寸以及每滑环的成本，信号和因而可供使用的功能受限。
上述问题的一种解决方案在DE 20 104 200中有所描述，但提供了仍不能令人满意的结果。在这里，轴向运动经由构造成支承套的件实现，其精度仅仅通过以光滑并且硬化的表面确保精确加工来实现。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务在于，这样进一步开发同类型的装备有刀的分割装置的已知的专业知识，使得可以提供一种构造更简单并且因此制造成本更低的装置。
所述任务通过一种用于定长剪切挤出的管的装置来解决，该管优选是厚壁的，所述装置包括至少一个分割工具和用于分割工具的接纳单元，其中，分割工具能相对于挤出轴线沿径向移动并且能经由其他机构围绕要定长剪切的管旋转，以便定长剪切管，所述任务的解决方案的特征在于，所述接纳单元利用接纳盘经由环形元件而与套筒处于连接，其中，在套筒上平行于挤出轴线地设置有直线引导元件，至少四个直线引导元件均匀地分布在套筒的周边上。
这种直线引导元件使得环形元件的硬化并且光滑的表面是多余的，其足以直线引导部在环形元件周边上的精确定位。
按照进一步改进方案，经由直线引导元件沿轴向引导环形元件。在这里规定，直线引导元件是商业上常见的直线引导型材。
附图说明
在附图中示意性示出按照本发明的装置：
图1示出一种典型的挤出生产线，
图2示出分割装置的一部分。
具体实施方式
图1示出一种典型的挤出生产线，如该挤出生产线现今用于挤出型材那样，不管是用于生产窗户型材还是管。其示出一台挤出机1，在该挤出机中将塑料融化，并且连续地为了造型而输送到挤出模具2中。其后接着一个定径和冷却站3，根据型材的不同可以使用其它冷却站。在冷却站后面接着一个拉出装置4。为了将连续型材6切割成所希望的长度，接着设置有一个分割装置5。
图2示出按照本发明的分割装置的示意图并且对应于按照图1中的视图的位置5。围绕挤出轴线9设置有一个带有直线引导部22的套筒14，其与一个环形元件29处于作用连接。在接纳盘15上设置有分割工具7，这些分割工具经由齿条11和12被调节。
环形元件29因此沿着挤出轴线9经由装配在套筒14上的直线引导部22沿轴向移动。
环形元件29可沿着挤出轴线9在挤出方向10上或者逆着挤出方向移动。为了移动环形元件29而设有一个轴向驱动装置17，该轴向驱动装置同样与环形元件29处于作用连接。一气动缸19用作驱动装置，该气动缸的方向切换借助终端开关21实现。为了在手动调节时确定终端开关21的位置，使用刻度尺20。
此外示出用于接纳盘15的旋转驱动装置16。
附图标记清单：
1 挤出机
2 挤出模具
3 定径和冷却箱
4 拉出装置
5 分割装置
6 型材
7 分割工具
9 挤出轴线
10 挤出方向
11 第一齿条(平行)
12 第二齿条(径向)
14 套筒
15 接纳盘
16 用于15的旋转驱动装置
17 用于29的轴向驱动装置
19 气动缸
20 刻度尺
21 终端开关
22 直线引导部
29 环形元件

Claims (4)

1.用于定长剪切挤出的管(6)的装置，所述装置包括至少一个分割工具(7)和用于分割工具(7)的接纳单元，其中，分割工具(7)能相对于挤出轴线(9)沿径向移动并且能经由其他机构围绕要定长剪切的管(6)旋转，以便定长剪切管，其特征在于，所述接纳单元利用接纳盘(15)经由环形元件(29)而与套筒(14)处于连接，其中，在套筒(14)上平行于挤出轴线(9)地设置有直线引导元件(22)，至少四个直线引导元件(22)均匀地分布在套筒(14)的周边上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述管是厚壁的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，经由所述直线引导元件(22)能沿轴向引导所述环形元件(29)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述直线引导元件(22)是直线引导型材。
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