CN105984119B - 树脂接合体、树脂接合体的制造方法和车用结构体 - Google Patents

树脂接合体、树脂接合体的制造方法和车用结构体 Download PDF

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CN105984119B
CN105984119B CN201610153599.1A CN201610153599A CN105984119B CN 105984119 B CN105984119 B CN 105984119B CN 201610153599 A CN201610153599 A CN 201610153599A CN 105984119 B CN105984119 B CN 105984119B
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formed body
resin
thermoplastic resin
heat
resin formed
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CN105984119A (zh
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岩野吉宏
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
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    • B29C65/04Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
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    • B29C65/0672Spin welding
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/4805Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B29C65/4815Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/5064Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped
    • B29C65/5071Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped and being composed by one single element
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/721Fibre-reinforced materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明提供树脂接合体、树脂接合体的制造方法和车用结构体。提供一种将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合而成的树脂接合体。树脂接合体(10)是热塑性树脂成形体(20)、与具有在表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部(30)的热固化性树脂成形体(40)的热塑性树脂部(30)利用熔接而接合的。

Description

树脂接合体、树脂接合体的制造方法和车用结构体
技术领域
本发明涉及树脂接合体、树脂接合体的制造方法和车用结构体。
背景技术
预计下一代的车用车身会更多采用树脂制器件。因此,当务之急是确立树脂制器件彼此的接合方法。
公开了如下接合方法:为了将纤维强化热塑性树脂彼此接合,经由配置在纤维强化热塑性树脂之间的热塑性树脂片材将纤维强化热塑性树脂彼此接合(例如参照专利文献1)。
另外,使用了热固化性树脂固化物的树脂制器件、与使用了热塑性树脂的树脂制器件的接合一般使用粘接剂来接合或者使用铆钉等紧固部件来固定。
此外,已知包含热固化性树脂和热塑性树脂的纤维强化复合材料板(例如参照专利文献2)。
并且,公开了如下复合成形体的制造方法:在纤维强化树脂A的表面的一部分预先接合由树脂B构成的树脂体而形成树脂体一体化预备成形体,将该树脂体一体化预备成形体配置在模具内,利用与所述树脂B同一树脂进行嵌入成形(例如参照专利文献3)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2014-076565号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2008-230238号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2013-028159号公报
发明内容
本发明欲解决的问题
但是,专利文献1所记载的技术用于表现出可塑性的热塑性树脂彼此的接合,不能适用于热塑性树脂与已经完成固化反应而难以可塑化的热固化性树脂固化物的接合。另外,使用了热固化性树脂固化物的树脂制器件、与使用了热塑性树脂的树脂制器件的接合中使用粘接剂或者铆钉等紧固部件时,会成为质量或者成本增加的一个原因,因此是不期望的。特别是,在使用粘接剂将热塑性树脂与热固化性树脂固化物接合的情况下,由于接合部的强度由粘接剂的强度来决定,所以有的情况下不能有效利用树脂制器件自身的材料强度。并且,专利文献2所记载的技术适用于使用了热塑性树脂与仍未固化的热固化性树脂的纤维强化复合材料板的制造,不能适用于已经完成固化反应的热固化性树脂固化物与热塑性树脂的接合。另外,专利文献3所记载的技术的目的不是树脂制器件的接合。
本发明是鉴于上述以往的问题而完成的,其目的在于提供一种热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体不使用粘接剂或者铆钉等紧固部件就被接合的、树脂接合体及其制造方法以及具有该树脂接合体的车用结构体。
用于解决问题的方案
技术方案1所述的树脂接合体是通过将热塑性树脂成形体、与热固化性树脂成形体的热塑性树脂部利用熔接进行接合而成的,其中,所述热固化性树脂成形体具有以在表面的一部分露出的方式设置的所述热塑性树脂部。
根据上述构成,热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体经由在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部,利用熔接而接合。因此,得到不使用粘接剂或者铆钉等紧固部件就将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合的树脂接合体。
技术方案2所述的树脂接合体为,在技术方案1所述的构成中,热塑性树脂部具有:埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部;在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出并被与热塑性树脂成形体熔接的接合部;以及将锚部与接合部连结的连结部,接合部与热塑性树脂成形体熔接。
根据上述构成,在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出并被与热塑性树脂成形体熔接的接合部经由连结部,与埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部连结。因此,热塑性树脂部从热固化性树脂成形体的剥离强度提高,在将热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合的情况下,热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案3所述的树脂接合体为,在技术方案1或2所述的构成中,热塑性树脂成形体包含纤维。
根据上述构成,由于热塑性树脂成形体包含纤维,所以在热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部利用熔接而接合的状态下,热塑性树脂成形体所包含的纤维会进入热塑性树脂部。因此,经由热塑性树脂部的热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案4所述的树脂接合体为,在技术方案1~3的任一项所述的构成中,热塑性树脂部包含纤维。
根据上述构成,由于在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部包含纤维,所以在热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部利用熔接而接合的状态下,热塑性树脂部所包含的纤维会进入热塑性树脂成形体。因此,经由热塑性树脂部的热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案5所述的树脂接合体为,在技术方案1~4的任一项所述的构成中,热固化性树脂成形体具有2个以上的热塑性树脂部。
根据上述构成,由于热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合部位为两个部位以上,所以热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案6所述的树脂接合体的制造方法具有以下的工序:准备热塑性树脂成形体的工序;准备热固化性树脂成形体的工序,所述热固化性树脂成形体具有以在表面的一部分露出的方式设置的热塑性树脂部;以及将热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合的工序。
根据上述构成,热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体经由在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部,利用熔接而接合。因此,能够不使用粘接剂或者铆钉等紧固部件,就将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合。
技术方案7所述的树脂接合体的制造方法为,在技术方案6所述的构成中,热塑性树脂成形体包含纤维。
根据上述构成,由于热塑性树脂成形体包含纤维,所以在热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部利用熔接而接合的状态下,热塑性树脂成形体所包含的纤维会进入热塑性树脂部。因此,经由热塑性树脂部的热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案8所述的树脂接合体的制造方法为,在技术方案6或7所述的构成中,热塑性树脂部包含纤维。
根据上述构成,由于在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部包含纤维,所以在热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部利用熔接而接合时,热塑性树脂部所包含的纤维会进入热塑性树脂成形体。因此,经由热塑性树脂部的热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案9所述的树脂接合体的制造方法为,在技术方案6~8的任一项所述的构成中,热固化性树脂成形体具有2个以上的热塑性树脂部。
根据上述构成,由于热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合部位为两个部位以上,所以热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案10所述的树脂接合体的制造方法为,在技术方案6~9的任一项所述的构成中,热塑性树脂部具有:埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部;在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出并被与热塑性树脂成形体熔接的接合部;以及将锚部与接合部连结的连结部。
根据上述构成,在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出并被与热塑性树脂成形体熔接的接合部经由连结部,与埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部连结。因此,热塑性树脂部从热固化性树脂成形体的剥离强度提高,在将热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合的情况下,热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案11所述的树脂接合体的制造方法为,在技术方案6~9的任一项所述的构成中,热塑性树脂部具有:埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部;以及从锚部向热固化性树脂成形体的表面以从表面突出的方式设置的突出部。
根据上述构成,突出部从埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部向热固化性树脂成形体的表面以从所述表面突出的方式设置。因此,在将热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合时,突出部的末端与热塑性树脂成形体接触。在突出部的末端与热塑性树脂成形体接触的状态下将热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部熔接时,由于突出部的末端容易发热,所以发热效率提高,作业性和熔接性提高。并且,由于热塑性树脂部具有埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部,所以热塑性树脂部从热固化性树脂成形体的剥离强度提高,在将热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合的情况下,热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的接合强度提高。
技术方案12所述的树脂接合体的制造方法为,在技术方案6~11的任一项所述的构成中,在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的热塑性树脂部露出的部分的周围设有槽部。
根据上述构成,通过在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的热塑性树脂部露出的部分的周围设有槽部,从而在将热塑性树脂成形体与热塑性树脂部熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合时产生的毛边的至少一部分被填充在槽部。因此,减轻在热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合的部位产生的毛边的产生量,能够进行更牢固的熔接。
技术方案13所述的车用结构体为,具有技术方案1~5的任一项所述的树脂接合体。
根据上述构成,由于热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体经由在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部,利用熔接而接合,所以得到具有树脂接合体的车用结构体,其中所述树脂接合体不使用粘接剂或者铆钉等紧固部件就将热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体接合。
发明效果
根据本发明,提供一种树脂接合体及其制造方法以及具有该树脂接合体的车用结构体,其中,热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体不使用粘接剂或者铆钉等紧固部件就被接合。
附图说明
图1是示出本实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的一个例子的剖视图。
图2是用于说明第1实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。
图3是用于说明第1实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的变形例的剖视图。
图4是用于说明第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。
图5是用于说明第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的变形例的剖视图。
图6是用于说明第3实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。
图7是用于说明第4实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。
附图标记说明
10 树脂接合体、20 热塑性树脂成形体、30 热塑性树脂部、32 锚部、34 接合部、36 连结部、38 突出部、40 热固化性树脂成形体、42 槽部
具体实施方式
下面,详细说明本发明的树脂接合体、树脂接合体的制造方法和车用结构体的实施方式。
<树脂接合体及其制造方法>
参照附图说明树脂接合体的实施方式。图1是示出本实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的一个例子的剖视图。图1中,热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的热塑性树脂部30通过熔接而接合,构成树脂接合体10,其中,热固化性树脂成形体40具有在表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部30。
构成热塑性树脂成形体20的热塑性树脂没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种热塑性树脂。在本实施方式中,作为使用的热塑性树脂,例如可以例举聚碳酸酯树脂、聚酰胺(PA)树脂、聚氨酯(PU)树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)树脂和聚丙烯(PP)树脂。这些当中,优选的是PA树脂和PP树脂。
构成热塑性树脂部30的热塑性树脂没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种热塑性树脂。在本实施方式中,作为使用的热塑性树脂,例如可以例举聚碳酸酯树脂、聚酰胺(PA)树脂、聚氨酯(PU)树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)树脂和聚丙烯(PP)树脂。这些当中,优选的是PA树脂和PP树脂。
构成热塑性树脂成形体20的热塑性树脂与构成热塑性树脂部30热塑性树脂可以是同一种类,也可以是不同种类。本实施方式优选的是,构成热塑性树脂成形体20的热塑性树脂与构成热塑性树脂部30热塑性树脂是同一种类。
热固化性树脂成形体40是使热固化性树脂热固化之后的固化物。该固化物的形成所使用的热固化性树脂没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种热固化性树脂。在本实施方式中,作为使用的热固化性树脂,例如可以例举乙烯酯树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂和氨酯树脂。这些当中,优选的是环氧树脂。
热塑性树脂成形体20的成形方法没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种成形方法。在本实施方式中,作为使用的成形方法,例如可以例举注射成形、挤压成形、吹入成形和粉末成形。
作为热固化性树脂成形体40的成形方法没有特别限定,例如可以利用注射成形、挤压成形、吹入成形、粉末成形、压延成形、层叠成形等将热塑性树脂部30成形,使用成形后的热塑性树脂部30并利用嵌入成形等将与热塑性树脂部30为一体的热固化性树脂成形体40成形。
热塑性树脂成形体20也可以包含纤维。热塑性树脂成形体20所使用的纤维的种类没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种纤维。作为热塑性树脂成形体20所使用的纤维的种类,例如可以例举芳纶纤维、纤维素纤维、尼龙纤维、维尼纶纤维、聚酯纤维、聚烯烃纤维、人造丝纤维等树脂纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维、金属纤维等。这些当中,优选的是能实现高机械强度的碳纤维。
热塑性树脂部30也可以包含纤维。热塑性树脂部30所使用的纤维的种类没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种纤维。作为热塑性树脂部30所使用的纤维的种类,例如可以例举芳纶纤维、纤维素纤维、尼龙纤维、维尼纶纤维、聚酯纤维、聚烯烃纤维、人造丝纤维等树脂纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维、金属纤维等。这些当中,优选的是能实现高机械强度的碳纤维。
热固化性树脂成形体40也可以包含纤维。热固化性树脂成形体40所使用的纤维的种类没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种纤维。作为热固化性树脂成形体40所使用的纤维的种类,例如可以例举芳纶纤维、纤维素纤维、尼龙纤维、维尼纶纤维、聚酯纤维、聚烯烃纤维、人造丝纤维等树脂纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维、金属纤维等。这些当中,优选的是能实现高机械强度的碳纤维。
在本实施方式中,使用的纤维的状态没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的状态的纤维。在本实施方式中,作为使用的纤维的状态,例如可以例举有织布和无纺布。
热塑性树脂部30的构成没有特别限定。可以是图1所示的片状,也可以采用如下构成:具有埋设在热固化性树脂成形体中的锚部、在热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出并与热塑性树脂成形体20熔接的接合部、以及将锚部和接合部连结的连结部,且接合部与热塑性树脂成形体20熔接。通过对热塑性树脂部30的构成采用具有锚部和接合部和连结部的构成,从而热塑性树脂部30难以从热固化性树脂成形体40脱离。因此,热塑性树脂部30从热固化性树脂成形体40的剥离强度提高,热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度提高。
在本实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体中,设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量没有特别限定。在图1中设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量是1个,但也可以是2个以上,能够根据需要的热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度来选择热塑性树脂部30的数量。
关于使热塑性树脂与纤维复合化而得到热塑性树脂成形体20或者热塑性树脂部30的方法没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种方法。例如,可以例举:使纤维中浸渍有热塑性树脂的溶液或者熔液,并根据需要进行干燥并成形为片状的方法;以及在将纤维与热塑性树脂膜交替层叠后加热加压成形的方法。关于使热固化性树脂与纤维复合化而得到热固化性树脂成形体40的方法也没有特别限定,能够根据目的来使用已知的各种方法。热固化性树脂成形体40的制造也可以使用使热固化性树脂与纤维复合化而成的预浸料。
接下来,参照附图来说明树脂接合体的制造方法的实施方式。此外,下文中,对于与树脂接合体的实施方式相同的部件标注相同的附图标记,有时省略重复的说明。另外,各图中的部件的大小是概念性的,部件间大小的相对关系不限于此。
图2是用于说明第1实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。在第1实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,准备:热塑性树脂成形体20;以及具有在表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部30的热固化性树脂成形体40。准备热塑性树脂成形体20和热固化性树脂成形体40的方法没有特别限定,可以用后述的、实施将热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40接合的工序的方法自身来制作,也可以通过购买等来取得热塑性树脂成形体20和热固化性树脂成形体40。为了制作热塑性树脂成形体20和热固化性树脂成形体40而使用的材料、方法等如上所述。
在图2中,在热固化性树脂成形体40的表面的一部分露出地设置的热塑性树脂部30的形状为片状。
在第1实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,将热塑性树脂成形体20与热塑性树脂部30熔接,将热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40接合,从而制造树脂接合体10。
作为使热塑性树脂成形体20与热塑性树脂部30熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40接合的方法没有特别限定,能够使用已知的各种熔接方法。在本实施方式中,作为能够使用的熔接方法,例如可以例举超声波熔接、振动熔接、感应熔接、高频熔接、激光熔接、热熔接和旋转熔接。这些当中,优选的是超声波熔接和振动熔接。
通过使用振动熔接作为熔接方法,从而树脂接合体的强度进一步提高。另一方面,通过使用超声波熔接作为熔接方法,从而接合的热塑性树脂成形体和热固化性树脂成形体的设计和构造的自由度提高。
振动熔接是如下方法:在使用加压机对熔接的热塑性树脂成形体和热固化性树脂成形体等施加负荷的状态下,使热塑性树脂成形体和热固化性树脂成形体中的一个相对于热塑性树脂成形体和热固化性树脂成形体的接触面在水平方向振动,利用由此产生的摩擦热来熔接。
另一方面,超声波熔接是如下方法:利用超声波振荡器将电能转换为振动能量,赋予给接触该振动能量的状态下的热塑性树脂成形体和热固化性树脂成形体的接触面,从而利用在该接触面产生的摩擦热来熔接。
在第1实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量没有特别限定。在图2中设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量是1个,但也可以是2个以上,能够根据需要的热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度来选择热塑性树脂部30的数量。
另外,通过使设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量为2个以上,从而将热塑性树脂成形体20与热塑性树脂部30熔接时产生的毛边(利用熔接将热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40接合时产生的剩余的热塑性树脂)存在于热固化性树脂成形体40与热塑性树脂成形体20之间,热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度进一步提高。
图3是用于说明第1实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的变形例的剖视图。如图3所示,热塑性树脂部30可以从热固化性树脂成形体40的表面突出地设置。
图4是用于说明第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。在第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,热塑性树脂部30具有:埋设在热固化性树脂成形体40中的锚部32;在热固化性树脂成形体40的表面的一部分露出并与热塑性树脂成形体20熔接的接合部34;以及将锚部32与接合部34连结的连结部36。
在第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,由于接合部34经由连结部36与埋设在热固化性树脂成形体40中的锚部32连结,所以热塑性树脂部30难以从热固化性树脂成形体40脱离。因此,热塑性树脂部30从热固化性树脂成形体40的剥离强度提高,热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度提高。
作为第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的熔接方法,优选的是超声波熔接和振动熔接,更优选的是振动熔接。
在第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量没有特别限定。在图4中设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量是1个,但也可以是2个以上,能够根据需要的热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度来选择热塑性树脂部30的数量。
另外,通过使设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量为2个以上,从而将热塑性树脂成形体20与热塑性树脂部30熔接时产生的毛边存在于热固化性树脂成形体40与热塑性树脂成形体20之间,热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度进一步提高。
图5是用于说明第2实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的变形例的剖视图。如图5所示,热塑性树脂部30的接合部34也可以从热固化性树脂成形体40的表面突出地设置。
图6是用于说明第3实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。在第3实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,热塑性树脂部30具有:埋设在热固化性树脂成形体40中的锚部32;以及从锚部32向热固化性树脂成形体40的表面从表面突出地设置的突出部38。
因此,在将热塑性树脂成形体20与热塑性树脂部30熔接而将热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40接合时,突出部38的末端与热塑性树脂成形体20接触。在突出部38的末端与热塑性树脂成形体20接触的状态下,例如实施振动熔接时,由于突出部38的末端容易因摩擦而发热,所以发热效率提高,容易将突出部38与热塑性树脂成形体20接合。因此,作业性和熔接性提高。
优选的是,从与热固化性树脂成形体40与热塑性树脂成形体20的接合面正交的方向观察时的突出部38的面积、小于从与热固化性树脂成形体40与热塑性树脂成形体20的接合面正交的方向观察时的锚部32的面积。通过减小突出部38的面积,从而在突出部38的末端与热塑性树脂成形体20接触的状态下,例如在实施振动熔接时,能够进一步提高突出部38与热塑性树脂成形体20的接触压力,发热效率进一步提高。
并且,由于热塑性树脂部30具有埋设在热固化性树脂成形体40中的锚部32,所以热塑性树脂部30难以从热固化性树脂成形体40脱离。因此,热塑性树脂部30从热固化性树脂成形体40的剥离强度提高,热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度提高。
在第3实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量没有特别限定。在图6中设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量是1个,但也可以是2个以上,能够根据需要的热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度来选择热塑性树脂部30的数量。
通过使设在热固化性树脂成形体40上的热塑性树脂部30的数量为2个以上,从而将热塑性树脂成形体20与热塑性树脂部30熔接时产生的毛边存在于热固化性树脂成形体40与热塑性树脂成形体20之间,热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的接合强度进一步提高。
作为第3实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的熔接方法,优选的是振动熔接。
图7是用于说明第4实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法的剖视图。在第4实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,在热固化性树脂成形体40的表面的露出有热塑性树脂部30的部分的周围设有槽部42。
槽部42的大小没有特别限定。通过从将热塑性树脂成形体20与热塑性树脂部30熔接时的、热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40的熔入量来估计热塑性树脂的毛边的产生量,并根据毛边的产生量来设定槽部42的体积,从而将产生的毛边的大部分填充在槽部42。因此,由于进一步减少了在热塑性树脂成形体20与热固化性树脂成形体40接合的部位产生的毛边的产生量,所以是优选的。
在在第4实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体的制造方法中,热塑性树脂部30是具有锚部32和突出部38的构成,但热塑性树脂部30的构成没有特别限定。
<车用结构体>
本实施方式所涉及的车用结构体具有上述的本实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体。本实施方式所涉及的车用结构体的种类没有特别限定,例如可以例举侧门、发动机罩、车顶、后门、行李箱盖、保险杠和碰撞吸能盒。
一般而言,由于与热塑性树脂成形体比较,热固化性树脂成形体的表面光滑性较好,因此例如在使用本实施方式所涉及的树脂接合体作为车用结构体来形成门的情况下,优选的是由树脂接合体中的热固化性树脂成形体来构成门的表面侧。
根据本实施方式所涉及的车用结构体,能够根据要求的特性,在每个部分将合适的树脂材料组合,构成树脂制的车用结构体。因此,根据本实施方式所涉及的车用结构体,能够实现并用了多种树脂(多材料)的下一代的车辆。
实施例
下面,基于实施例来更具体说明本实施方式,但本实施方式不限于以下的实施例。
(试片的准备)
作为热固化性树脂,使用东丽株式会社制造的CFRP(连续纤维预浸料材料)3K斜纹材料。作为热塑性树脂,使用东丽株式会社制造的CFRTP(随机材料)。使用热塑性树脂成形体的准备热塑性树脂,形成长度为100mm、宽度为25mm、厚度为3mm的热塑性树脂成形体。使用热固化性树脂成形体的准备热塑性树脂,形成2个长度为10mm、宽度为5mm、厚度为3mm的热塑性树脂部。在该热塑性树脂部的表面实施电晕放电处理。使用热固化性树脂与该热塑性树脂部,形成热固化性树脂成形体的固化前的前体,在炉中以135℃加热2小时,接下来用高压灭菌器在135℃、0.4MPa的条件下加热加压2小时,得到热固化性树脂成形体。热固化性树脂成形体的大小为长度100mm、宽度25mm、厚度3mm。在热固化性树脂成形体的端部,2个热塑性树脂部使其长度方向与热固化性树脂成形体的长度方向平行地以5mm的间隔配置。热塑性树脂部从热固化性树脂成形体的突出量为1mm。
(振动熔接)
将得到的热塑性树脂成形体和热固化性树脂成形体在控制为25±2℃的房间内保管10日以上,之后用于熔接试验。作为振动熔接机,使用布兰森MICROPPL(日本艾默生株式会社)。使热塑性树脂成形体与热固化性树脂成形体的热塑性树脂部接触,实施振动熔接,制作树脂接合体。作为熔接条件,振动振幅为1.8mm,加压为0.75MPa,熔入尺寸为1.0mm。
(剪切强度测定)
使用株式会社岛津制作所制的autograph AG-X100KN,实施剪切试验,发现剪切强度是21.9Mpa,显示出优良的接合强度。

Claims (18)

1.一种树脂接合体,
所述树脂接合体是通过将热塑性树脂成形体、与热固化性树脂成形体所具有的热塑性树脂部利用熔接进行接合而成,其中,所述热塑性树脂部被设置为在所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出,
其中,所述热塑性树脂部具有:
锚部,其埋设在所述热固化性树脂成形体中;
接合部,其在所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出并被与所述热塑性树脂成形体熔接;以及
连结部,其将所述锚部和所述接合部连结,
其中,所述接合部与所述热塑性树脂成形体熔接。
2.如权利要求1所述的树脂接合体,
所述热塑性树脂成形体包含纤维。
3.如权利要求1或2项所述的树脂接合体,
所述热塑性树脂部包含纤维。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的树脂接合体,
所述热固化性树脂成形体具有2个以上的所述热塑性树脂部。
5.如权利要求3所述的树脂接合体,
所述热固化性树脂成形体具有2个以上的所述热塑性树脂部。
6.一种树脂接合体的制造方法,
具有以下的工序:
准备热塑性树脂成形体的工序;
准备热固化性树脂成形体的工序,所述热固化性树脂成形体具有以在表面的一部分露出的方式设置的热塑性树脂部;以及
将所述热塑性树脂成形体与所述热塑性树脂部熔接,将所述热塑性树脂成形体与所述热固化性树脂成形体接合的工序,
其中,所述热塑性树脂部具有:
锚部,其埋设在所述热固化性树脂成形体中;
接合部,其在所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面的一部分露出并被与所述热塑性树脂成形体熔接;以及
连结部,其将所述锚部与所述接合部连结。
7.如权利要求6所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
所述热塑性树脂成形体包含纤维。
8.如权利要求7所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
所述热塑性树脂部包含纤维。
9.如权利要求6~8的任一项所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
所述热固化性树脂成形体具有2个以上的所述热塑性树脂部。
10.如权利要求6~8的任一项所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
所述热塑性树脂部具有:
突出部,其从所述锚部向所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面以从所述表面突出的方式设置。
11.如权利要求9所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
所述热塑性树脂部具有:
突出部,其从所述锚部向所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面以从所述表面突出的方式设置。
12.如权利要求6~8的任一项所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
在所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面的、所述热塑性树脂部露出的部分的周围设有槽部。
13.如权利要求9所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
在所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面的、所述热塑性树脂部露出的部分的周围设有槽部。
14.如权利要求10所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
在所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面的、所述热塑性树脂部露出的部分的周围设有槽部。
15.如权利要求11所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
在所述热固化性树脂成形体的表面的、所述热塑性树脂部露出的部分的周围设有槽部。
16.如权利要求10所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
从与所述热固化性树脂成形体与所述热塑性树脂成形体的接合面正交的方向观察时的所述突出部的面积、小于从与所述热固化性树脂成形体与所述热塑性树脂成形体的接合面正交的方向观察时的所述锚部的面积。
17.如权利要求11所述的树脂接合体的制造方法,
从与所述热固化性树脂成形体与所述热塑性树脂成形体的接合面正交的方向观察时的所述突出部的面积、小于从与所述热固化性树脂成形体与所述热塑性树脂成形体的接合面正交的方向观察时的所述锚部的面积。
18.一种车用结构体,
具有权利要求1~4的任一项所述的树脂接合体。
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