CN105968592A - 一种阻燃电缆外套母料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃电缆外套母料及其制备方法,所述电缆外套母料包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂、聚四氟乙烯、聚酰亚胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺、油砂沥青、透闪石粉、贝壳粉、煅烧膨润土、氧化锌、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯、甲基丙烯酸‑丁二烯‑苯乙烯共聚物、活性碳酸钙、纳米铝粉、稀土稳定剂、复合阻燃剂、硅烷偶联剂。本发明的阻燃电缆外套母料,通过合理的选材和配比,所制备的电缆外套母料具有高阻燃性、高绝缘性和优良的机械强度,其制备工艺简单,综合性能良好,非常适合高温条件下的应用需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料领域,具体涉及一种阻燃电缆外套母料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前电线电缆主要用作能量和信息的传递,在日常生活、建筑、电子元件、汽车和航天工业等多领域中广泛应用。在电线电缆绝缘层或护套材料中,聚氯乙烯电缆料由于其具有优良的电气性能和机械性能、制作工艺简单、耐氧化、耐候以及耐腐蚀性能良好而应用最为广泛。然而和多数传统高分子材料一样,用聚氯乙烯制成的电线电缆的绝缘层或护套,不能承受高温且阻燃性差,在使用过程中很容易因线路发热量过大或短路等原因而燃烧,引发火灾,无法满足对电缆料更高的应用需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决现有技术问题的至少一种,提供一种阻燃电缆外套母料及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明公开了一种阻燃电缆外套母料,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂35-48份、聚四氟乙烯21-30份、聚酰亚胺8-17份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇6-13份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺2-7份、油砂沥青2-4份、透闪石粉3-8份、贝壳粉2-4份、煅烧膨润土1-4份、氧化锌2-5份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯3-6份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物4-9份、活性碳酸钙1-3份、纳米铝粉1-3份、稀土稳定剂4-8份、复合阻燃剂3-6份、硅烷偶联剂2-6份。
优选的,所述稀土稳定剂为石蜡-硬脂酸镧或蓖麻油酸镧或水杨酸铈。
所述复合阻燃剂为芳香族磷酸酯、苯甲基硅酮和间苯二酚-双(磷酸二苯酯)缩聚物按(1-3):(1-2):1的复配。
所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三氯硅烷或γ-甲基丙烯氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
所述阻燃电缆外套母料,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂42份、聚四氟乙烯26份、聚酰亚胺14份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇9份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺5份、油砂沥青2.5份、透闪石粉5.6份、贝壳粉2.2份、煅烧膨润土2份、氧化锌3份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯4.5份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物6份、活性碳酸钙2份、纳米铝粉1.8份、稀土稳定剂5.7份、复合阻燃剂5份、硅烷偶联剂4份。
本发明还公开了一种阻燃电缆外套母料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按所述重量份数配比称重各原料;
2)将上述原料混合均匀,再喂入双螺杆挤出机中,经挤出造粒,干燥即得,其挤出条件为:挤出温度220-260℃,主机转速60-200r/min,喂料转速25-50r/min。
优选的,所述步骤2)的挤出条件为:所述步骤2)的挤出条件为:挤出温度235-260℃,主机转速80r/min,喂料转速35r/min。
由于采用了以上技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果:
本发明的阻燃电缆外套母料,通过合理的选材和配比,所制备的电缆外套母料具有高阻燃性、高绝缘性和优良的机械强度,非常适合高温条件下的应用需求。经测试,本发明制备的阻燃电缆外套母料的拉伸强度为32-42MPa,断裂伸长率为234.8%-245.1%,体积电阻率为5.2×1014-6.4×1014Ω·m,氧指数为33-36,制备工艺简单,综合性能良好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种阻燃电缆外套母料,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂42份、聚四氟乙烯26份、聚酰亚胺14份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇9份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺5份、油砂沥青2.5份、透闪石粉5.6份、贝壳粉2.2份、煅烧膨润土2份、氧化锌3份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯4.5份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物6份、活性碳酸钙2份、纳米铝粉1.8份、稀土稳定剂5.7份、复合阻燃剂5份、硅烷偶联剂4份。
所述稀土稳定剂为石蜡-硬脂酸镧。
所述复合阻燃剂为芳香族磷酸酯、苯甲基硅酮和间苯二酚-双(磷酸二苯酯)缩聚物按(1-3):(1-2):1的复配。
所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷。
上述阻燃电缆外套母料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按所述重量份数配比称重各原料;
2)将上述原料混合均匀,再喂入双螺杆挤出机中,经挤出造粒,干燥即得,其挤出条件为:挤出温度220-260℃,主机转速60-200r/min,喂料转速25-50r/min。
实施例2
一种阻燃电缆外套母料,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂35份、聚四氟乙烯210份、聚酰亚胺8份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇63份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺2份、油砂沥青2份、透闪石粉3份、贝壳粉2份、煅烧膨润土1份、氧化锌2份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯3份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物49份、活性碳酸钙1份、纳米铝粉1份、稀土稳定剂4份、复合阻燃剂3份、硅烷偶联剂2份。
所述稀土稳定剂为蓖麻油酸镧。
所述复合阻燃剂为芳香族磷酸酯、苯甲基硅酮和间苯二酚-双(磷酸二苯酯)缩聚物按(1-3):(1-2):1的复配。
所述硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
上述阻燃电缆外套母料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按所述重量份数配比称重各原料;
2)将上述原料混合均匀,再喂入双螺杆挤出机中,经挤出造粒,干燥即得,其挤出条件为:挤出温度220-260℃,主机转速60r/min,喂料转速25r/min。
实施例3
一种阻燃电缆外套母料,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂41份、聚四氟乙烯25份、聚酰亚胺12份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇10份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺4份、油砂沥青3份、透闪石粉5份、贝壳粉3份、煅烧膨润土2.5份、氧化锌3.5份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯4份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物6.5份、活性碳酸钙2份、纳米铝粉2份、稀土稳定剂6份、复合阻燃剂4.5份、硅烷偶联剂4份。
所述稀土稳定剂为石蜡-硬脂酸镧或蓖麻油酸镧\。
所述复合阻燃剂为芳香族磷酸酯、苯甲基硅酮和间苯二酚-双(磷酸二苯酯)缩聚物按(1-3):(1-2):1的复配。
所述硅烷偶联剂为γ-甲基丙烯氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
上述阻燃电缆外套母料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按所述重量份数配比称重各原料;
2)将上述原料混合均匀,再喂入双螺杆挤出机中,经挤出造粒,干燥即得,其挤出条件为:挤出温度220-260℃,主机转速130r/min,喂料转速36r/min。
实施例4
一种阻燃电缆外套母料,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂48份、聚四氟乙烯30份、聚酰亚胺17份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇13份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺7份、油砂沥青4份、透闪石粉8份、贝壳粉4份、煅烧膨润土4份、氧化锌5份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯6份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物9份、活性碳酸钙3份、纳米铝粉3份、稀土稳定剂8份、复合阻燃剂6份、硅烷偶联剂6份。
所述稀土稳定剂为水杨酸铈。
所述复合阻燃剂为芳香族磷酸酯、苯甲基硅酮和间苯二酚-双(磷酸二苯酯)缩聚物按(1-3):(1-2):1的复配。
所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三氯硅烷。
上述阻燃电缆外套母料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按所述重量份数配比称重各原料;
2)将上述原料混合均匀,再喂入双螺杆挤出机中,经挤出造粒,干燥即得,其挤出条件为:挤出温度220-260℃,主机转速200r/min,喂料转速50r/min。
对上述各实施例制备的电缆外套母料制成测试条,按照常规检测方法进行相关性能测试,其结果为:
测试项目 | 实施例 1 | 实施例 2 | 实施例 3 | 实施例 4 |
拉伸强度 /MPa | 42 | 32 | 36 | 38 |
断裂伸长率 /% | 245.1% | 223.6% | 234.8% | 236.4% |
体积电阻率 / Ω· m | 6.4× 10 14 | 5.2× 10 14 | 5.7× 10 14 | 6.1× 10 14 |
氧指数 | 36 | 34 | 35 | 33 |
Claims (7)
1. 一种阻燃电缆外套母料,其特征在于,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂35-48份、聚四氟乙烯21-30份、聚酰亚胺8-17份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇6-13份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺2-7份、油砂沥青2-4份、透闪石粉3-8份、贝壳粉2-4份、煅烧膨润土1-4份、氧化锌2-5份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯3-6份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物4-9份、活性碳酸钙1-3份、纳米铝粉1-3份、稀土稳定剂4-8份、复合阻燃剂3-6份、硅烷偶联剂2-6份。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃电缆外套母料,其特征在于,所述稀土稳定剂为石蜡-硬脂酸镧或蓖麻油酸镧或水杨酸铈。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃电缆外套母料,其特征在于,所述复合阻燃剂为芳香族磷酸酯、苯甲基硅酮和间苯二酚-双(磷酸二苯酯)缩聚物按(1-3):(1-2):1的复配。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的阻燃电缆外套母料,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三氯硅烷或γ-甲基丙烯氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的阻燃电缆外套母料,其特征在于,包括如下重量份数的组分:聚丁烯树脂42份、聚四氟乙烯26份、聚酰亚胺14份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇9份、乙烯基双硬脂酰胺5份、油砂沥青2.5份、透闪石粉5.6份、贝壳粉2.2份、煅烧膨润土2份、氧化锌3份、聚苯基膦酸二苯砜酯4.5份、甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物6份、活性碳酸钙2份、纳米铝粉1.8份、稀土稳定剂5.7份、复合阻燃剂5份、硅烷偶联剂4份。
6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃电缆外套母料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按所述重量份数配比称重各原料;
2)将上述原料混合均匀,再喂入双螺杆挤出机中,经挤出造粒,干燥即得,其挤出条件为:挤出温度220-260℃,主机转速60-200r/min,喂料转速25-50r/min。
7. 根据权利要求6所述的阻燃电缆外套母料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2)的挤出条件为:挤出温度235-260℃,主机转速80r/min,喂料转速35r/min。
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