CN105951426B - 一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料 - Google Patents

一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料 Download PDF

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CN105951426B
CN105951426B CN201610417435.5A CN201610417435A CN105951426B CN 105951426 B CN105951426 B CN 105951426B CN 201610417435 A CN201610417435 A CN 201610417435A CN 105951426 B CN105951426 B CN 105951426B
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邱再明
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Zhejiang Jiayi New Material Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，所述面料通过将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂得到；其中，所述抗菌整理剂按重量百分含量包括：季铵盐改性化合物5‑25％；卤胺类化合物5‑15％；多元羧酸5‑10％；次亚磷酸钠1‑5％；余量为水；所述阻燃疏水整理剂按重量百分含量包括：聚磷酸铵5‑35％；SiO2溶胶2‑10％；改性聚乙烯蜡3‑10％；醋酸乙烯酯‑羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液10‑25％；聚异氰酸酯乳液1‑10％；余量为水。所述负环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其不仅同时具有抗菌、阻燃、疏水的功能，而且环境友好、性能突出、耐久性强。

Description

一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料
技术领域
本发明涉及服装面料技术领域，尤其涉及一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料。
背景技术
鉴于当前环保形势的发展，无卤膨胀型阻燃涂层胶取代传统卤锑协同体系应用于织物的进行阻燃涂层整理己成必然趋势。但膨胀型阻燃剂的阻燃效率低和耐水性差，直接导致其涂层体系应用时存在添加量大、吸湿返霜和发粘等问题。因此，提高膨胀型阻燃剂的阻燃效率和耐水性已成为当前研究热点。
此外，由于传统的无机抗菌整理剂与其他功能整理剂(如阻燃整理剂，防水整理剂)的配伍性差，整理剂加在一起配置成的工作液不稳定，会出现分层，漂油的情况，工作液不能用来整理面料，无法获得具有复合功能的面料。如果采用分步整理的方法，如先进行抗菌整理，再进行阻燃防水整理，虽然避免了工作液不稳定的问题，但是最终的面料获得的抗菌效果和阻燃防水效果都差，原因是抗菌整理剂会影响阻燃整理剂的效果，同时阻燃整理剂也会影响抗菌整理剂的效果。
因此如何制得的一种同时具有阻燃、防水、抗菌效果的复合功能面料，并提高其阻燃、抗菌效率也是当今开发多功能面料的一个重要课题。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其不仅同时具有抗菌、阻燃、疏水的功能，而且环境友好、性能突出、耐久性强。
本发明提出了一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，所述面料通过将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂得到；其中，
所述抗菌整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述阻燃疏水整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
优选地，所述坯布是由棉、涤棉或涤纶经织造而成。
优选地，所述季铵盐改性化合物为季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其制备工艺包括：将壳聚糖加入异丙醇中，加入含量为25-35wt％的氢氧化钠溶液搅拌均匀，再加入醚化剂CTA，在40-60℃水浴中搅拌反应2-4h，加入盐酸调节至中性后抽滤，得到所述季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其中壳聚糖、异丙醇、CTA、氢氧化钠溶液的重量配比为1:6-8:1-1.5:1.5-2。
优选地，所述卤胺类化合物为1-溴-3-氯-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑烷-2-酮和/或5,5-二甲基-3-(3′-三乙氧基硅丙基)-海因。
优选地，所述SiO2溶胶是通过将正硅酸乙酯加入无水乙醇中搅拌均匀，再加入含量为25-30wt％的氨水，升温至60-80℃，搅拌10-12h得到，其中正硅酸乙酯、无水乙醇、氨水的体积比为1:10-15:0.3-0.6。
优选地，所述改性聚乙烯蜡为含有羟基的改性聚乙烯蜡和/或含有羧基的改性聚乙烯蜡。
优选地，所述将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂的具体操作如下：将所述抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂依次通过浸轧的方法施加到所述坯布上，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布，接着将所述浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布烘干，得到所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料；优选地，所述坯布与所述抗菌整理剂的质量比为100:1-10；所述坯布与所述阻燃疏水整理剂的质量比为100:1-10。
优选地，所述将所述抗菌整理剂通过浸轧的方法施加到所述坯布上的具体操作如下：将坯布浸渍于由季铵盐改性化合物、卤胺类化合物、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠和水组成的溶液中10-50min，二浸二轧，轧余率为65-85％，80-100℃下预烘2-5min，140-180℃下烘焙2-5min，冷水洗后，60-80℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布。
优选地，所述将所述阻燃疏水整理剂通过浸轧的方法施加到所述坯布上的具体操作如下：将浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布浸轧于SiO2溶胶中10-20min，二浸二轧，轧余率为60-90％，60-80℃下烘干，120-160℃下固化后，再浸轧于由聚磷酸铵、改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液、聚异氰酸酯乳液和水组成的溶液中40-60min，一浸一轧，轧余率为65-75％，30-50℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布。
本发明中，所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料采用特定组成的抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂浸轧得到，其中，所述抗菌整理剂通过采用季铵盐改性化合物，即采用季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物作为抗菌主剂，其相对于单纯的采用无机季铵盐，前者具有更好的抗菌性、无毒性、生物相容性以及生物降解性能；并且抗菌整理剂通过多元羧酸和次亚磷酸钠与坯布上的羟基反应后，其可与壳聚糖上的羟基反应，从而将季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物精锚在坯布上，提高面料抗菌性能的同时，也不会影响面料的手感，同时具有很强的耐水洗牢固性；加入的阻燃疏水整理剂中采用SiO2溶胶，通过浸轧在坯布的表面结合了含有大量羟基的SiO2颗粒，其与表面能较高的聚磷酸铵形成吸附生长，再通过与改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液等结合，形成化学交联，不仅将聚磷酸铵更好地封闭在胶体内部，提高了燃烧成炭能力，而且密实的炭层可以封闭可燃性气体的逸出和降低火焰的热辐射；同时生成的疏水基团大大增强了面料的疏水性能，并且由于疏水基团的极性比有机氟基团的极性要小，其与其他功能整理剂的复配性能大大得到了改善。
本发明将抗菌整理剂与特定组成和含量的阻燃疏水整理剂进行配伍，所述抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂之间有协同促进作用，制得的面料不仅具有抗菌性优良、阻燃性好、防水性优良的特点，而且还可以防止水性污垢对面料的污染。同时本发明的面料制备简单易操作，成本低，可以根据不同的要求灵活调节功能性整理剂的用量和处理工艺。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例中，一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，所述面料通过将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂得到，所述坯布是由棉经织造而成；其中，
所述抗菌整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述季铵盐改性化合物为季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其制备工艺包括：将壳聚糖加入异丙醇中，加入含量为25wt％的氢氧化钠溶液搅拌均匀，再加入醚化剂CTA，在60℃水浴中搅拌反应2h，加入盐酸调节至中性后抽滤，得到所述季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其中壳聚糖、异丙醇、CTA、氢氧化钠的重量配比为1:6:1.5:1.5；所述卤胺类化合物为1-溴-3-氯-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑烷-2-酮；
所述阻燃疏水整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述SiO2溶胶是通过将正硅酸乙酯加入无水乙醇中搅拌均匀，再加入含量为25wt％的氨水，升温至80℃，搅拌10h得到，其中正硅酸乙酯、无水乙醇、氨水的体积比为1:10:0.6；所述改性聚乙烯蜡为含有羟基的改性聚乙烯蜡；
制备所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料的方法包括：将坯布浸渍于由季铵盐改性化合物、卤胺类化合物、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠和水组成的溶液中10min，二浸二轧，轧余率为65％，100℃下预烘2min，180℃下烘焙2min，冷水洗后，80℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布；将浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布浸轧于SiO2溶胶中10min，二浸二轧，轧余率为60％，80℃下烘干，120℃下固化后，再浸轧于由聚磷酸铵、改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液、聚异氰酸酯乳液和水组成的溶液中60min，一浸一轧，轧余率为65％，50℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布，接着将所述浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布烘干，得到所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料；其中所述坯布与所述抗菌整理剂的质量比为100:1；所述坯布与所述阻燃疏水整理剂的质量比为100:10。
实施例2
本实施例中，一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，所述面料通过将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂得到，所述坯布是由涤棉经织造而成；其中，
所述抗菌整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述季铵盐改性化合物为季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其制备工艺包括：将壳聚糖加入异丙醇中，加入含量为35wt％的氢氧化钠溶液搅拌均匀，再加入醚化剂CTA，在40℃水浴中搅拌反应4h，加入盐酸调节至中性后抽滤，得到所述季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其中壳聚糖、异丙醇、CTA、氢氧化钠的重量配比为1:8:1:2；所述卤胺类化合物为5,5-二甲基-3-(3′-三乙氧基硅丙基)-海因；
所述阻燃疏水整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述SiO2溶胶是通过将正硅酸乙酯加入无水乙醇中搅拌均匀，再加入含量为30wt％的氨水，升温至60℃，搅拌12h得到，其中正硅酸乙酯、无水乙醇、氨水的体积比为1:15:0.3；所述改性聚乙烯蜡为含有羧基的改性聚乙烯蜡；
制备所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料的方法包括：将坯布浸渍于由季铵盐改性化合物、卤胺类化合物、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠和水组成的溶液中50min，二浸二轧，轧余率为85％，80℃下预烘5min，140℃下烘焙5min，冷水洗后，60℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布；将浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布浸轧于SiO2溶胶中20min，二浸二轧，轧余率为90％，60℃下烘干，160℃下固化后，再浸轧于由聚磷酸铵、改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液、聚异氰酸酯乳液和水组成的溶液中40min，一浸一轧，轧余率为75％，30℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布，接着将所述浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布烘干，得到所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料；其中所述坯布与所述抗菌整理剂的质量比为100:10；所述坯布与所述阻燃疏水整理剂的质量比为100:1。
实施例3
本实施例中，一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，所述面料通过将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂得到，所述坯布是由涤纶经织造而成；其中，
所述抗菌整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述季铵盐改性化合物为季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其制备工艺包括：将壳聚糖加入异丙醇中，加入含量为30wt％的氢氧化钠溶液搅拌均匀，再加入醚化剂CTA，在50℃水浴中搅拌反应3h，加入盐酸调节至中性后抽滤，得到所述季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其中壳聚糖、异丙醇、CTA、氢氧化钠的重量配比为1:7:1.2:1.7；所述卤胺类化合物为1-溴-3-氯-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑烷-2-酮和5,5-二甲基-3-(3′-三乙氧基硅丙基)-海因；
所述阻燃疏水整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述SiO2溶胶是通过将正硅酸乙酯加入无水乙醇中搅拌均匀，再加入含量为28wt％的氨水，升温至70℃，搅拌11h得到，其中正硅酸乙酯、无水乙醇、氨水的体积比为1:12:0.5；所述改性聚乙烯蜡为含有羟基的改性聚乙烯蜡；
制备所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料的方法包括：将坯布浸渍于由季铵盐改性化合物、卤胺类化合物、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠和水组成的溶液中30min，二浸二轧，轧余率为75％，90℃下预烘3min，160℃下烘焙3min，冷水洗后，70℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布；将浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布浸轧于SiO2溶胶中15min，二浸二轧，轧余率为75％，70℃下烘干，140℃下固化后，再浸轧于由聚磷酸铵、改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液、聚异氰酸酯乳液和水组成的溶液中50min，一浸一轧，轧余率为70％，40℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布，接着将所述浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布烘干，得到所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料；其中所述坯布与所述抗菌整理剂的质量比为100:5；所述坯布与所述阻燃疏水整理剂的质量比为100:6。
实施例4
本实施例中，一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，所述面料通过将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂得到，所述坯布是由棉、涤棉或涤纶经织造而成；其中，
所述抗菌整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述季铵盐改性化合物为季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其制备工艺包括：将壳聚糖加入异丙醇中，加入含量为28wt％的氢氧化钠溶液搅拌均匀，再加入醚化剂CTA，在55℃水浴中搅拌反应2.5h，加入盐酸调节至中性后抽滤，得到所述季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其中壳聚糖、异丙醇、CTA、氢氧化钠的重量配比为1:7:1.3:1.8；所述卤胺类化合物为5,5-二甲基-3-(3′-三乙氧基硅丙基)-海因；
所述阻燃疏水整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
所述SiO2溶胶是通过将正硅酸乙酯加入无水乙醇中搅拌均匀，再加入含量为27wt％的氨水，升温至75℃，搅拌11h得到，其中正硅酸乙酯、无水乙醇、氨水的体积比为1:13:0.4；所述改性聚乙烯蜡为含有羟基的改性聚乙烯蜡和含有羧基的改性聚乙烯蜡；
制备所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料的方法包括：将坯布浸渍于由季铵盐改性化合物、卤胺类化合物、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠和水组成的溶液中40min，二浸二轧，轧余率为80％，85℃下预烘4min，155℃下烘焙4min，冷水洗后，80℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布；将浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布浸轧于SiO2溶胶中16min，二浸二轧，轧余率为80％，80℃下烘干，130℃下固化后，再浸轧于由聚磷酸铵、改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液、聚异氰酸酯乳液和水组成的溶液中45min，一浸一轧，轧余率为72％，55℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布，接着将所述浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布烘干，得到所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料；其中所述坯布与所述抗菌整理剂的质量比为100:6；所述坯布与所述阻燃疏水整理剂的质量比为100:8。
1、抗菌性测试：参照AATCC100,测试大肠杆菌(ATCC NO.8099)的试验菌减少百分率，金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC NO.6538)的试验菌减少百分率，白色念珠菌(ATCC NO.10231)的试验菌减少百分率。
2、阻燃性测试：采用垂直燃烧实验进行测试，测试续燃时间.s，阴燃时间.s，熔融、滴落情况。
3、疏水性测试：参照GB 4745纺织织物表面抗湿性测定沾水试验标准，其中，1级--受淋表面全部润湿；2级--受淋表面有一半润湿，这通常是指小块不连接的润湿面积的总和；3级--受淋表面仅有不连接的小面积润湿；4级--受淋表面没有润湿，但在表面沾有小水珠；5级--受淋表面没有润湿，在表面也未沾有小水珠。
上述实施例1-4得到的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料的性能测试结果如下表所示：
本发明中，所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料采用特定组成的抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂浸轧得到，其中，所述抗菌整理剂通过采用季铵盐改性化合物，即采用季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物作为抗菌主剂，其相对于单纯的采用无机季铵盐，前者具有更好的抗菌性、无毒性和生物相容性以及生物降解性能；并且抗菌整理剂通过多元羧酸和次亚磷酸钠与坯布上的羟基反应后，其可与壳聚糖上的羟基反应，从而将季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物精锚在坯布上，提高面料抗菌性能的同时，也不会影响面料的手感，同时具有很强的耐水洗牢固性；加入的阻燃疏水整理剂中采用SiO2溶胶，通过浸轧在坯布的表面结合了含有大量羟基的SiO2颗粒，其与表面能较高的聚磷酸铵形成吸附生长，再通过与改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液等结合，形成化学交联，不仅将聚磷酸铵更好地封闭在胶体内部，提高了燃烧成炭能力，而且密实的炭层可以封闭可燃性气体的逸出和降低火焰的热辐射；同时生成的疏水基团大大增强了面料的疏水性能，并且由于疏水基团的极性比有机氟基团的极性要小，其与其他功能整理剂的复配性能大大得到了改善。
本发明将抗菌整理剂与特定组成和含量的阻燃疏水整理剂进行配伍，所述抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂之间有协同促进作用，制得的抗菌、阻燃、疏水面料不仅具有抗菌性优良、阻燃性好、防水性优良的特点，而且还可以防止水性污垢对面料的污染。同时本发明的生产方法简单易操作，成本低，可以根据不同的要求灵活调节功能性整理剂的用量和处理工艺。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述面料通过将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂得到；其中，
所述抗菌整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
季铵盐改性化合物 5-25%；
卤胺类化合物 5-15%；
多元羧酸 5-10%；
次亚磷酸钠 1-5%；
余量为水；
所述阻燃疏水整理剂按重量百分含量包括：
聚磷酸铵 5-35%；
SiO2溶胶 2-10%；
改性聚乙烯蜡 3-10%；
醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液 10-25%；
聚异氰酸酯乳液 1-10%；
余量为水；
所述季铵盐改性化合物为季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其制备工艺包括：将壳聚糖加入异丙醇中，加入含量为25-35wt%的氢氧化钠溶液搅拌均匀，再加入醚化剂CTA，在40-60℃水浴中搅拌反应2-4h，加入盐酸调节至中性后抽滤，得到所述季铵盐化壳聚糖化合物，其中壳聚糖、异丙醇、CTA、氢氧化钠溶液的重量配比为1:6-8:1-1.5:1.5-2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述坯布是由棉、涤棉或涤纶经织造而成。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述卤胺类化合物为1-溴-3-氯-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑烷-2-酮和/或5,5-二甲基-3-(3′-三乙氧基硅丙基)-海因。
4.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述SiO2溶胶是通过将正硅酸乙酯加入无水乙醇中搅拌均匀，再加入含量为25-30wt%的氨水，升温至60-80℃，搅拌10-12h得到，其中正硅酸乙酯、无水乙醇、氨水的体积比为1:10-15:0.3-0.6。
5.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述改性聚乙烯蜡为含有羟基的改性聚乙烯蜡和/或含有羧基的改性聚乙烯蜡。
6.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述将坯布浸轧抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂的具体操作如下：将所述抗菌整理剂和阻燃疏水整理剂依次通过浸轧的方法施加到所述坯布上，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布，接着将所述浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布烘干，得到所述环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料；所述坯布与所述抗菌整理剂的质量比为100:1-10；所述坯布与所述阻燃疏水整理剂的质量比为100:1-10。
7.根据权利要求6所述的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述将所述抗菌整理剂通过浸轧的方法施加到所述坯布上的具体操作如下：将坯布浸渍于由季铵盐改性化合物、卤胺类化合物、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠和水组成的溶液中10-50min，二浸二轧，轧余率为65-85%，80-100℃下预烘2-5min，140-180℃下烘焙2-5min，冷水洗后，60-80℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布。
8.根据权利要求7所述的环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料，其特征在于，所述将所述阻燃疏水整理剂通过浸轧的方法施加到所述坯布上的具体操作如下：将浸轧有抗菌剂的坯布浸轧于SiO2溶胶中10-20min，二浸二轧，轧余率为60-90%，60-80℃下烘干，120-160℃下固化后，再浸轧于由聚磷酸铵、改性聚乙烯蜡、醋酸乙烯酯-羟甲基丙烯酰胺共聚乳液、聚异氰酸酯乳液和水组成的溶液中40-60min，一浸一轧，轧余率为65-75%，30-50℃下烘干，得到浸轧有抗菌剂和阻燃疏水剂的坯布。
CN201610417435.5A 2016-06-12 2016-06-12 一种环保型抗菌阻燃疏水面料 Active CN105951426B (zh)

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