CN106948167A - 一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106948167A
CN106948167A CN201710135658.7A CN201710135658A CN106948167A CN 106948167 A CN106948167 A CN 106948167A CN 201710135658 A CN201710135658 A CN 201710135658A CN 106948167 A CN106948167 A CN 106948167A
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retardant
antibacterial
flame
preparation
water
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蔡再生
牟晓峰
葛凤燕
周曼
靳凯丽
阚逸青
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Shanghai Neoent Industrial Ltd By Share Ltd
Donghua University
National Dong Hwa University
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Donghua University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，包括：水中加入阻燃剂，分散，调节pH值后再加水，然后加入抗菌整理剂，搅拌，加水稀释，得到抗菌阻燃溶液；面料进行二浸二轧，然后烘干，培烘，然后再水洗，烘干，即得。本发明采用高效阻燃整理剂和抗菌整，对涤纶箱包面料进行抗菌阻燃多功能整理，通过研究阻燃剂、抗菌整理剂的用量、预烘温度、焙烘温度以及时间对抗菌阻燃效果的影响，以优化整理工艺。

Description

一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于功能性箱包材料的制备领域，特别涉及一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法。
背景技术
涤纶箱包的外料主要有600D或1000D的材料，1000D材料密度高，很耐磨，很适合在野外使用。箱包作为一种使用物品来讲具有非常悠久的历史。在人类社会千百年的历史发展和变迁中，箱包的产生与演变不仅与服饰的变化有关，而且和人们的生活方式更是息息相关。随着人们生活水平的不断提高，各式各样的箱包不再仅仅是工具，有时更重要是饰品。因此现在箱包产品不光在实用性上不能懈怠，装饰美观性更要不断拓展。
涤纶具有强力大、初始模量高、耐磨、耐腐蚀、耐气候性好。涤纶丝价格便宜,做成的箱包易洗快干、尺寸稳定性好、经久耐用,能满足人们对箱包结构的更高要求,因此涤纶已成为箱包织物的首选原料。聚酯纤维生产规模的不断扩大与发展，使得聚酯纤维及其产品在很多领域中得到了广泛的应用，尤其是箱包领域。随着经济的不断发展和人民生活的提高，人们对箱包的要求越来越高，这就对聚酯纤维的性能提出了更高的要求。
涤纶纤维织物通常比天然纤维织物更适宜细菌和真菌的繁殖，许多细菌可经箱包感染人体产生交叉感染。涤纶纤维的极限氧指数(介于之间燃烧时会发生熔融和滴落现象在火灾中十分危险。由于欧美等国对多种纺织品包括箱包的可燃性指标都有严格的规定，同时还要兼顾环保等各方面的要求，致使我国一些涤纶箱包的出口严重受阻。因此，开发抗菌阻燃多功能涤纶箱包极为重要。
箱包特别是日用小包与我们朝夕相伴”肌肤相亲”，使用有异味的箱包可能会引发皮肤过敏、情绪不安、四肢无力、饮食不佳、意识模糊、连续咳嗽等症状，严重影响人体健康，因此，有异味的箱包是不受消费者欢迎的。箱包使用环境中具有细菌合适的温湿度，又有人体排泄物，杂菌极易生长繁殖而产生异味；而纤维的叠加编织形成无数孔隙。也极易产生环境异味。常见的异味有霉味、鱼腥味等。传统上箱包面料抗菌功能的获得主要采用面料后整理和纤维改性加工两种方法来实现。抗菌防臭整理有多种方法，如有机矽-季铵盐整理、二苯醚类抗菌整理有机氮抗菌整理、铜锆盐类抗菌整理、苯酚类抗菌整理等。涤纶是易燃纤维，而箱包一般在人们日常上班或旅行途中中使用，一旦发生火灾，火势燃烧得非常快，火灾烟气迅速蔓延，严重威胁人员生命和行车安全。为此，很有必要进行阻燃整理。涤纶纤维的阻燃除了在纺丝以前以共混或共聚的方式获得纤维阻燃以外，还可以以后整理的方式进行阻燃，使阻燃剂以化学键、非化学键合的方式与织物反应或沉积在纤维中。按阻燃剂与被阻燃基材的关系，阻燃剂可分为：添加型和反应型。添加型是指与基材中的其他组分不发生化学反应，只是以物理方式分散于基材中，多用于热塑性高聚物；反应型是指或者作为高聚物的单体，或者作为辅助试剂而参与合成高聚物的化学反应，最后成为高聚物的结构单元，多用于热固性高聚物；按阻燃元素的种类，阻燃剂一般常分为：卤系、磷系、氮系、硼系、镁系、铝系、硅系等；按化合物的类型，则可分为无机类阻燃剂、有机阻燃剂和有机、无机混合阻燃剂三种。当前高分子材料阻燃剂中，金属氧化物和氢氧化物价廉无毒，但与材料的相容性不好，会降低材料的热力学性能。卤系阻燃剂特别是含溴阻燃剂，虽然有很好的阻燃效果，但它们燃烧时存在发烟量大，生成腐蚀性、毒性气体，产生熔滴等严重缺点。而有机磷化合物表现出较好的阻燃性能并且比含卤化合物产生更少的有毒气体和烟雾。其阻燃机理主要是基于固相的成碳和部分的气相阻燃机理，不仅降低了材料的热释放速率，而且减少了腐蚀和有害气体的排放。选择共聚阻燃改性，使共聚阻燃单体通过共缩聚反应固定在共聚酯链上，成为构成大分子链上的组分，在燃烧过程中具有低毒、低烟及阻燃性能持久等特点。
在涤纶纤维等疏水性合成纤维的分子结构中，缺少像纤维素或蛋白质纤维那样能与抗菌整理剂发生结合的活性基团，抗菌整理剂难以通过化学交联与纤维结合，发明的关键是如何使用与涤纶纤维有很好亲和力的抗菌整理剂对涤纶进行高温处理。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，本发明采用高效阻燃整理剂和抗菌整，对涤纶箱包面料进行抗菌阻燃多功能整理，通过研究阻燃剂、抗菌整理剂的用量、预烘温度、焙烘温度以及时间对抗菌阻燃效果的影响，以优化整理工艺。
本发明的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，包括：
(1)水中加阻燃剂，分散，调节pH值后再加50～80％的水；然后加入抗菌整理剂，搅拌，加余量的水稀释，得到抗菌阻燃溶液；其中抗菌阻燃溶液中阻燃剂的浓度为150～180g/L；抗菌整理剂20～50g/L；
(2)面料进行二浸二轧，然后烘干，培烘，然后再水洗，烘干，即得抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料。
所述步骤(1)中的水为软水。
所述步骤(1)中阻燃剂为三聚磷酸二氢铝、三磷酸酯(2、3-二溴丙基)、聚磷酸胺、
磷酸三甲苯酯中的一种，和三氧化二锑、五氧化二锑中的一种按摩尔比:2～5：1组成。
所述步骤(1)中调节pH值为用Na2CO3或HAC调节pH值至6～6.5。
所述步骤(1)中调节pH值后再加水的加水量为总水量的80％。
所述步骤(1)中抗菌整理剂为双氯酚、1-羟基-3甲基-4异丙基苯、对氯间二甲苯酚中
的一种。
所述步骤(2)中二浸二轧的轧余率为60％～85％。
所述步骤(2)中然后烘干，培烘，其中烘干为：100℃烘干1-3min，培烘为：170℃-190℃
下培烘100s-160s。
所述步骤(2)中再水洗，烘干，其中烘干温度100～150℃和时间1～3min。
有益效果
本发明公开一种通过后整理方法赋予涤纶箱包面料抗菌阻燃的方法，本发明采用高效阻燃整理剂和抗菌整，对涤纶箱包面料进行抗菌阻燃多功能整理，通过研究阻燃剂、抗菌整理剂的用量、预烘温度、焙烘温度以及时间对抗菌阻燃效果的影响，以优化整理工艺；
环保型磷系阻燃剂安全无毒、阻燃效果好、价格低廉，本发明采用预处理和热熔法阻燃整理工艺，以提高其耐水洗性获得良好的阻燃效果，在阻燃加工过程中不产生任何刺激性气味，无毒，可安全使用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
性能测试：
(1)抗菌性测试。
按GB/T20944.2--2007《纺织品抗菌性能的评价》测定。
(2)阻燃性测试。
按GB/T5455-1997《纺织品燃烧性能垂直方向试样火焰蔓延性能的测定》测定。B1级：损毁炭长≤15cm，续燃时间≤5s，阴燃时间≤5s；B2级：损毁炭长≤20cm，续燃时间≤10s，阴燃时间≤10s。
(3)撕破强力
按GB/T3917.1-2009《纺织品织物撕破性能第1部分：冲击摆锤法斯破强力的测定》方法测定。计算强力损失。
实施例1
配制抗菌阻燃剂工作液。水中加人阻燃剂(由三聚磷酸二氢铝：三氧化二锑摩尔比3:1组成)，充分分散。用HAc调节pH值至6.5，加人总水量的80％水；再加入抗菌整理剂(双氯酚)，搅拌，用余量水稀释，配制成阻燃剂浓度为160g/L和抗菌剂浓度为30g/L的抗菌阻燃整理液。
(2)工艺流程
二浸二轧(轧余率为70％)，烘干(100℃，2min)，培烘(180℃，120s)然后水洗，烘干(100℃，3min)。
(3)测试箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及撕破强力，其结果见表1。
表1 箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及强力损失
实施例2
(1)配制抗菌阻燃剂工作液。水加人阻燃剂(由三磷酸酯(2、3-二溴丙基)：五氧化二锑2:1组成)，充分分散。用HAc调节pH值至6.5，加人总水量的60％水，再加入抗菌整理剂(1-羟基-3甲基-4异丙基苯)，搅拌，加余量的水稀释，配制成阻燃剂浓度为175g/L和抗菌剂浓度为35g/L的抗菌阻燃整理液。
(2)工艺流程
二浸二轧(轧余率为70％)，烘干(100℃，2min)，培烘(175℃，120s)，然后水洗，烘干(120℃，2min)。
(3)测试箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及撕破强力，其结果见表2。
表2 箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及强力损失
实施例3
(1)配制抗菌阻燃剂工作液。水中加人阻燃剂(由聚磷酸胺：三氧化二锑摩尔比4:1组成),充分分散。用Na2CO3调节pH值至7.5，加人总水量的50％水，再加入抗菌整理剂(对氯间二甲苯酚)，搅拌，加余量的水稀释，配制成阻燃剂浓度为170g/L和抗菌剂浓度为30g/L的抗菌阻燃整理液。
(2)工艺流程
二浸二轧(轧余率为70％)，烘干(100℃，2min)，培烘(180℃，120s)，然后水洗，烘干(150℃，1min)。
(3)测试箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及撕破强力，其结果见表3。
表3 箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及强力损失
实施例4
(1)配制抗菌阻燃剂工作液。水中加人阻燃剂(由磷酸三甲苯酯：五氧化二锑摩尔比2.5:1组成)，充分分散。用Na2CO3调节pH值至7.0，加人总水量的60％水，再加入抗菌整理剂(双氯酚)，搅拌，加余量的水稀释。配制成阻燃剂浓度为160g/L和抗菌剂浓度为40g/L的抗菌阻燃整理液。
(2)工艺流程
二浸二轧(轧余率为75％)，烘干(100℃，2min)，培烘(190℃，110s)，然后水洗，烘干(130℃，1.5min)。
(3)测试箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及撕破强力，其结果见表4。
表4 箱包面料的抗菌、阻燃及强力损失

Claims (9)

1.一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，包括：
(1)水中加入阻燃剂，分散，调节pH值后再加50～80％的水；然后加入抗菌整理剂，搅拌，加余量的水稀释，得到抗菌阻燃溶液；其中抗菌阻燃溶液中阻燃剂的浓度为150～180g/L；抗菌整理剂20～50g/L；
(2)面料进行二浸二轧，然后烘干，培烘，然后再水洗，烘干，即得抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中的水为软水。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中阻燃剂为三聚磷酸二氢铝、三磷酸酯(2、3-二溴丙基)、聚磷酸胺、磷酸三甲苯酯中的一种，和三氧化二锑、五氧化二锑中的一种按摩尔比:2～5：1组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中调节pH值为用Na2CO3或HAC调节pH值至6～6.5。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中调节pH值后再加水的加水量为总水量的80％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中抗菌整理剂为双氯酚、1-羟基-3甲基-4异丙基苯、对氯间二甲苯酚中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中二浸二轧的轧余率为60％～85％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中然后烘干，培烘，其中烘干为：100℃烘干1-3min，培烘为：170℃-190℃下培烘100s-160s。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌阻燃涤纶箱包面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中再水洗，烘干，其中烘干100～150℃温度和时间1～3min。
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CN108708101A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-26 海宁市丁桥镇永畅知识产权服务部 一种阻燃抗菌床单面料的制作方法
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CN113089330B (zh) * 2021-05-13 2022-10-25 苏州联胜化学有限公司 一种涤纶耐久阻燃剂及其制备方法和应用
CN113529403A (zh) * 2021-08-06 2021-10-22 东华大学 一种阻燃防沾污自清洁箱包面料

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