CN105921498A - Household garbage resourceful comprehensive treatment method and treatment system - Google Patents
Household garbage resourceful comprehensive treatment method and treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105921498A CN105921498A CN201610439947.1A CN201610439947A CN105921498A CN 105921498 A CN105921498 A CN 105921498A CN 201610439947 A CN201610439947 A CN 201610439947A CN 105921498 A CN105921498 A CN 105921498A
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- combustiblerefuse
- rubbish
- gas
- pyrolysis
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
Abstract
The invention discloses a household garbage resourceful comprehensive treatment method and a treatment system, wherein the treatment method comprises the following steps: sorting and crushing household garbage to obtain kitchen garbage and combustible garbage; carrying out anaerobic fermentation treatment on the kitchen garbage to obtain biogas and residues; carrying out dry-distillation pyrolysis treatment on the combustible garbage to obtain smoke gas, pyrolytic oil, pyrolytic gas and pyrolytic residue carbon. According to the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage resourceful comprehensive treatment method is adopted to divide the household garbage into the kitchen garbage and the combustible garbage which are separately treated in a targeted manner, so that innocent treatment of the garbage is sufficiently achieved, secondary pollution is avoided, and especially, dioxin is not generated; and moreover, the reduction effect is good, the recycling level is high, and the product economic benefits are good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid waste treatment, specifically, the present invention relates to domestic garbage resource integrated treatment side
Method and processing system.
Background technology
In terms of global point, along with economic is grown continuously and fast, living standards of the people improve rapidly, and urbanization process is continuous
Accelerate, but the environmental problem simultaneously faced also is on the rise, the particularly process of rubbish.How to solve municipal solid wastes
Problem, also one health of the mankind, clean living environment, caused the great attention in the whole world.China's house refuse in 2010
Yield 1.58 hundred million tons, surrounding city adds up to store up rubbish and has reached 7,000,000,000 tons, takes up an area about more than 80 ten thousand mu, poor in 661 cities
The city seldom having 2/3 is surrounded by rubbish, and environment creates serious harm.
Domestic rubbish disposal mode mainly includes the methods such as sanitary landfills, burning, compost, pyrolysis and comprehensive garbage disposal.
Although wherein landfill technology is the most ripe, Construction and operation expense is low, and treating capacity is big, however it is necessary that and takies a large amount of soil, site
Selection Consideration is extremely complex, and resource level is low, and loading embeading percolation liquid and biogas treatment there is also certain difficulty；Rubbish
It is the process that solid waste carries out pyrolytic and deep oxidation that rubbish burns, and has volume reduction, decrement relatively big, can reclaim
The advantages such as heat energy, but, burn secondary pollution seriously, especially two English in incineration flue gas are to environmental and human health impacts all
Causing harm, some burning disposal projects are because the common people's is strongly opposed to termination construction of having to；Garbage compost processes main
It is applied to the rural garbage that China's content of organics is higher, straw waste and vast small and medium-sized cities.Although composting technology can have
Effect volume reduction decrement, reaches recycling effect, but compost there is also a lot of problem due to the limitation of self, the most former
Material bad adaptability, heavy metal pollution problem is serious, and composting production sales volume is the best.
China's domestic waste is mainly derived from the daily daily life of family life, the food debris of diet, all kinds of device, thing
The packaging bag of product, wrapping paper, large quantities of waste paper and textile, old metal etc., component of refuse is complicated, mostly is composting.
Garbage disposal at present, still based on sanitary landfills, is aided with the mode such as waste incineration, compost.Wherein waste incineration is applied to more
Southern economy developed regions, north most area then uses landfill disposal rubbish.This only with single treatment mode at
The waste disposal method that reason rubbish or landfill combine with burning, or effectively cannot carry out the most innoxious subtracting for garbage property
Quantification treatment, or resource level is low, or secondary pollution the most all can not reach good treatment effect.It is thus desirable to
For China's house refuse characteristic, use novel integrated conduct method, reach the abundant resource of all the components in rubbish,
Minimizing, harmless treatment.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that one of technical problem solved the most to a certain extent in correlation technique.To this end, the one of the present invention
Purpose is to propose one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method and processing system, utilizes the method and the system can be effective
Ground realizes the harmless treatment to house refuse.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method, including:
Carry out house refuse sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse；
Described rubbish from cooking is carried out anaerobic fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue；
Described combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal；
And
Described biogas is carried out gasification process as gasifying agent to described pyrolysis residue charcoal, in order to obtain the combustible gas that gasifies；
As fuel gas, described gasification combustible gas is used for described carbonization process.
House refuse is divided into kitchen excess and flammable by the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method using the above embodiment of the present invention
Rubbish, and being respectively directed to property process, and then not only sufficiently achieved the harmless treatment of rubbish, non-secondary pollution, especially
Being to produce without two English, and reduction is good, resource level is high, and product economy is profitable.
It addition, domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional
Technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, described flue gas is processed offer heat for described anaerobic fermentation.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing method of above-described embodiment farther includes: using described pyrolysis gas as combustion
Material gas returns and processes for described carbonization.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing method of above-described embodiment farther includes: in advance by described house refuse
Filtration process is carried out, in order to isolate percolate in material hole；
Described percolate is carried out described anaerobic fermentation process.
In some embodiments of the invention, farther included before described combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process: will
Described combustiblerefuse is shaped processing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after described forming processes is 10-100 millimeter.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature that described anaerobic fermentation processes is 35-45 degree Celsius, and the time is 15-20 days.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes one way of life garbage as resource total system, including:
Sorting breaker, described sorting breaker has house refuse entrance, rubbish from cooking outlet and combustiblerefuse outlet；
Anaerobic fermentation tank, described anaerobic fermentation tank has rubbish from cooking entrance, methane outlet and residual outlet, more than described kitchen
Garbage inlet is connected with the outlet of described rubbish from cooking；
Carbonization stove, described carbonization stove has fuel gas entrance, combustiblerefuse entrance, exhanst gas outlet, pyrolysis oil to go out
Mouth and pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis residue charcoal export, and described combustiblerefuse entrance is connected with the outlet of described combustiblerefuse；And
Gasification installation, described gasification installation has gasification agent inlet, pyrolytic carbon entrance and gasification combustible gas outlet, described gasification
Agent entrance is connected with described methane outlet, and described pyrolytic carbon entrance is connected with the outlet of described pyrolysis residue charcoal, and described gasification is flammable
Gas outlet is connected with described fuel gas entrance.
House refuse is divided into kitchen excess and flammable by the domestic garbage resource total system using the above embodiment of the present invention
Rubbish, and being respectively directed to property process, and then not only sufficiently achieved the harmless treatment of rubbish, non-secondary pollution, especially
Being to produce without two English, and reduction is good, resource level is high, and product economy is profitable.
It addition, domestic garbage resource total system according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional
Technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, described exhanst gas outlet is connected with described anaerobic fermentation tank.
In some embodiments of the invention, described pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with described fuel gas entrance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of above-described embodiment farther includes:
Material hole, described material hole has primary garbage inlet alive, percolate outlet and house refuse outlet, and described house refuse goes out
Mouth is connected with described house refuse entrance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of above-described embodiment farther includes:
Shaped device, described shaped device is connected with the outlet of described combustiblerefuse and described combustiblerefuse entrance respectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of domestic garbage resource total system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of domestic garbage resource total system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most identical
Or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.Retouch below with reference to accompanying drawing
The embodiment stated is exemplary, it is intended to is used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method, including: will
House refuse carries out sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse；Described rubbish from cooking is carried out anaerobism send out
Ferment processes, in order to obtain biogas and residue；And described combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas,
Pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal.
Sorting consumer waste is rubbish from cooking and flammable by the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention
Rubbish, and the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content that has for rubbish from cooking further is many, use anaerobic fermentation to process,
And then can effectively rubbish from cooking be processed, and produce recycling biogas；Dry distilling is used for combustiblerefuse
Pyrolysis processing, is possible not only to be effectively prevented from producing two English, and pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and white carbon black etc. can be obtained can be again
Utilize product.Therefore, the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention has not only sufficiently achieved rubbish
Harmless treatment, non-secondary pollution especially produces without two English, and reduction is good, and resource level is high, produces
Product are good in economic efficiency.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, describe the domestic garbage resource of the specific embodiment of the invention in detail below with reference to Fig. 1
Integrated conduct method.
S100: house refuse pretreatment
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the most just house refuse carries out sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking
And combustiblerefuse.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, sorting break process can use bag-breaking machine to sort after dehydration garbage bag breaking,
It is rubbish from cooking by refuse classification, combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and respectively kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, during assorting room can include the sorting of magnetic sorting, vibrosieve and rotary screen sorting
One or more；Shattering process breaker is 2-3 level, and broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm.Wherein, sorting obtains
Combustiblerefuse can include plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric etc..
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, may further include: in advance will be raw
Rubbish of living carries out filtration process in material hole, in order to isolate percolate；Percolate is carried out anaerobic fermentation process.Thus lead to
Cross the heap filter of rubbish early stage, can effectively reduce the moisture content of rubbish, and then the flammable rubbish obtained of later separation can be reduced
The water content of rubbish, reduces carbonization and processes energy consumption.The percolate concurrently separating out can obtain with later separation through collection
Together carry out anaerobic fermentation process to rubbish from cooking, and then be possible not only to avoid the problem that sewage disposal is difficult, the most all right
There is provided more favourable environment for anaerobic fermentation, improve anaerobic fermentation efficiency.
Specifically, house refuse can be carried out filtration process carrying out sorting before break process, will house refuse through unloading
Material platform is poured in material hole, and stops 1-7 days in hole, and to ensure its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, rubbish contains
Water rate is less than 25%.
S200: anaerobic fermentation processes
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, further, the rubbish from cooking that above-mentioned sorting break process obtains is carried out anaerobism
Fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue.It is thus directed towards the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content of rubbish from cooking is many,
Use anaerobic fermentation to process can preferably rubbish from cooking be processed, and then improve treatment effeciency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature that rubbish from cooking carries out anaerobic fermentation process can be 35-45 degree Celsius,
Time can be 15-20 days, and then Organic substance can be degraded by microorganisms fully as the digested sludge of stable in properties and produce
Biogas, in order to improve anaerobic fermentation treatment effeciency further.
S300: carbonization processes
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, further, the combustiblerefuse that above-mentioned sorting break process obtains is carried out dry distilling
Pyrolysis processing, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal.Carbonization is thus used to process and can have
Avoid producing two English pollutant to effect.Therefore, the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the embodiment of the present invention is more pacified
Loopful protect, innoxious.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, farther included before combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process: by flammable
Rubbish is shaped processing.Thus can improve material heat conduction, improve the pyrolysis uniformity, in order to improve dry distilling further
Pyrolysis processing efficiency.According to the concrete example of the present invention, after can pulverizing, combustiblerefuse is compressed into through garbage-molding device
Type is bar-shaped, pie or granular as carbonization raw material, and the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after forming processes can be
10-100 millimeter, thus can significantly improve carbonization treatment effeciency.
S400: resource recycles
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: made by described biogas
For gasifying agent, described pyrolysis residue charcoal is carried out gasification process, in order to obtain the combustible gas that gasifies；Using described gasification combustible gas as
Fuel gas processes for described carbonization.Thus anaerobic fermentation is processed and produce biogas as gasifying agent to carbonization process
The pyrolysis residue charcoal produced carries out gasification process, obtains the combustible gas that gasifies；And further gasification combustible gas is returned as fuel gas
Being back to carbonization process, processing for carbonization provides energy.Thus the anaerobic fermentation of rubbish from cooking is processed with flammable
The carbonization of rubbish processes and is effectively combined so that resource is maximally utilized, and ensure that system energy simultaneously
Amount self-sufficiency, thus greatly reduce operating cost.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: by described flue gas be
Described anaerobic fermentation processes provides heat.Thus the anaerobic fermentation of rubbish from cooking is processed the biogas produced and flammable rubbish by inventor
The carbonization of rubbish processes the flue gas produced and mutually utilizes, and then not only makes resource be maximally utilized, simultaneously
Decrease the discharge of flue gas and the waste of heat.And further the anaerobic fermentation of rubbish from cooking is processed and combustiblerefuse
Carbonization processes and is effectively combined.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: by described pyrolysis gas
Return as fuel gas and process for described carbonization.Thus carbonization can be processed the pyrolysis gas produced and be returned from use,
And then carbonization process energy consumption can be reduced further.
Specifically, molding combustiblerefuse is fed in carbonization stove, use the gasification that biogas produces with the gasification of pyrolysis residue charcoal
Combustible gas and carbonization process the pyrolysis gas produced and provide thermal source, and in making carbonization stove, material is gradually heated to
600-850 DEG C, time of staying 0.5-3h.Thus, combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization and processes without being additionally provided thermal source, enter
And significantly reduce the process energy consumption to house refuse.
The output object of domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the above embodiment of the present invention includes metal, dregs, disappears
Change mud, pyrolysis oil, rubbish charcoal.Wherein, metal collection is sold；Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization list
Unit's dirt, fills after collection；Digested sludge is sold as fertilizer；Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals；Rubbish
Rubbish charcoal is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.
Use the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention, by house refuse being divided into more than kitchen
Rubbish and the big class of combustiblerefuse two are also respectively processed further, can reduce the moisture content of combustiblerefuse in rubbish,
Improve oil, gas, the productivity of charcoal；Rubbish from cooking can obtain fertilizer and biogas, the natural pond that fermentation produces by anaerobic fermentation
Gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal can produce gasification combustible gas through gasificationization, and the pyrolysis gas produced with pyrolysis functions together as dry distilling heat
The thermal source that solution processes, and the waste heat that carbonization processes the flue gas produced provides heat energy for anaerobic fermentation so that it is it is maintained at
The temperature of 35-45 DEG C.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the invention allows for one way of life garbage as resource total system, such as figure
Shown in 2, including: sorting breaker 10, anaerobic fermentation tank 20, carbonization stove 30, wherein, sort breaker
10 have house refuse entrance 11, rubbish from cooking outlet 12 and combustiblerefuse outlet 13；Anaerobic fermentation tank 20 has more than kitchen
Garbage inlet 21, methane outlet 22 and residual outlet 23, rubbish from cooking entrance 21 is connected with rubbish from cooking outlet 12；
And carbonization stove 30 have fuel gas entrance 31, combustiblerefuse entrance 32, exhanst gas outlet 33, pyrolysis oil outlet 34,
Pyrolysis gas outlet 35 and pyrolysis residue charcoal outlet 36, combustiblerefuse entrance 32 is connected with combustiblerefuse outlet 13.
Use the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention, by house refuse at sorting breaker
Carry out in 10 sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse；By rubbish from cooking in anaerobic fermentation tank 20
Carry out anaerobic fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue；And combustiblerefuse is carried out in carbonization stove 30 dry distilling
Pyrolysis processing, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal.
Thus, sorting consumer waste is rubbish from cooking by the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention
And combustiblerefuse, and the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content that has for rubbish from cooking further is many, use anaerobism to send out
Ferment processes, and then effectively can process rubbish from cooking, and produces recycling biogas；For flammable
Rubbish uses carbonization stove to process, and is possible not only to be effectively prevented from producing two English, and can obtain pyrolysis oil,
The recycling product such as pyrolysis gas and white carbon black.Therefore, the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention
Not only having sufficiently achieved the harmless treatment of rubbish, non-secondary pollution especially produces without two English, and reduction is good,
Resource level is high, and product economy is profitable.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, describe the domestic garbage resource of the specific embodiment of the invention in detail below with reference to Fig. 3
Total system.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, sorting breaker 10 has house refuse entrance 11, rubbish from cooking outlet 12
13 are exported with combustiblerefuse.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the most just house refuse is in sorting breaker 10
Carry out sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, sorting breaker can be included as bag-breaking machine, uses bag-breaking machine to be dehydrated in advance
Sort after garbage bag breaking, be rubbish from cooking by refuse classification, combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and it is utilized respectively broken
Kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed by machine.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, during assorting room can include the sorting of magnetic sorting, vibrosieve and rotary screen sorting
One or more；Shattering process breaker is 2-3 level, and broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm.Wherein, sorting obtains
Combustiblerefuse can include plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric etc..
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, may further include: material hole 40,
Material hole 40 have primary garbage inlet alive 41, percolate outlet 42 and house refuse outlet 43, house refuse outlet 43 with
House refuse entrance 11 is connected, and percolate outlet 42 is connected with anaerobic fermentation tank 20.And then, in advance by house refuse at material
Filtration process is carried out, in order to isolate percolate in hole 40；Percolate is carried out anaerobic fermentation process.
Heap from there through rubbish early stage is filtered, and can effectively reduce the moisture content of rubbish, and then can reduce obtaining of later separation
The water content of the combustiblerefuse arrived, reduces carbonization and processes energy consumption.The percolate concurrently separating out can be with through collection
Later separation obtains rubbish from cooking and together carries out anaerobic fermentation process, and then is possible not only to avoid the problem that sewage disposal is difficult,
Simultaneously can also provide more favourable environment for anaerobic fermentation, improve anaerobic fermentation efficiency.
Specifically, house refuse can be carried out filtration process carrying out sorting before break process, will house refuse through unloading
Material platform is poured in material hole, and stops 1-7 days in hole, and to ensure its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, rubbish contains
Water rate is less than 25%.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, anaerobic fermentation tank 20 has rubbish from cooking entrance 21, methane outlet 22 and remnants
Thing outlet 23, rubbish from cooking entrance 21 is connected with rubbish from cooking outlet 12.And then, at above-mentioned sorting breaker 10
The rubbish from cooking that reason obtains carries out anaerobic fermentation process in anaerobic fermentation tank 20, in order to obtain biogas and residue.
Being thus directed towards the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content of rubbish from cooking is many, using anaerobic fermentation to process can be the most right
Rubbish from cooking processes, and then improves treatment effeciency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature carrying out anaerobic fermentation process in anaerobic fermentation tank can be that 35-45 is Celsius
Degree, the time can be 15-20 days, and then Organic substance can be degraded by microorganisms fully into stable in properties digested sludge also
Produce biogas, in order to improve anaerobic fermentation treatment effeciency further.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, carbonization stove 30 has fuel gas entrance 31, combustiblerefuse entrance 32, cigarette
Gas outlet 33, pyrolysis oil outlet 34, pyrolysis gas outlet 35 and combustiblerefuse outlet 36, combustiblerefuse entrance 32 is with flammable
Garbage outlet 13 is connected.And then, above-mentioned sorting breaker 10 is processed the combustiblerefuse obtained in carbonization stove 30
Carry out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal.
Thus use carbonization stove pyrolysis combustiblerefuse to process can be effectively prevented from producing two English pollutant.Therefore, originally
The domestic garbage resource total system more safety and environmental protection of inventive embodiments, innoxious.
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, may further include: shaped device
50, shaped device 50 is connected with combustiblerefuse outlet 13 and combustiblerefuse entrance 32 respectively.And then, combustiblerefuse is being entered
It is shaped in advance before entering carbonization stove 30 processing in shaped device 50.Thus can improve material heat conduction,
Improve the pyrolysis uniformity, in order to improve carbonization treatment effeciency further.
According to the concrete example of the present invention, can will pulverize after combustiblerefuse through garbage-molding device compression forming be bar-shaped,
Pie or granular as carbonization raw material, the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after forming processes can be 10-100 millimeter,
Thus can significantly improve carbonization treatment effeciency.
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: gasification installation 60,
Described gasification installation 60 has gasification agent inlet 61, pyrolytic carbon entrance 62 and gasification combustible gas outlet 63, and described gasifying agent enters
Mouth 61 is connected with described methane outlet 22, and described pyrolytic carbon entrance 62 is connected with described pyrolysis residue charcoal outlet 36, described
Gasification combustible gas outlet 63 is connected with described fuel gas entrance 31.And then, using described biogas as gasifying agent to described pyrolysis
Residue charcoal carries out gasification process, in order to obtain the combustible gas that gasifies；Described gasification combustible gas is used for described dry distilling as fuel gas
Pyrolysis processing.Anaerobic fermentation thus processes generation biogas as gasifying agent, the pyrolysis residue charcoal of carbonization process generation is entered
Row gasification process, obtains the combustible gas that gasifies；And further gasification combustible gas is used for carbonization process as fuel gas return,
Process for carbonization and energy is provided.Thus the anaerobic fermentation of rubbish from cooking is processed the carbonization with combustiblerefuse process into
Go and be effectively combined so that resource has been maximally utilized, ensure that system capacity is self-supporting simultaneously, thus be substantially reduced
Operating cost.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: by described flue gas be
Described anaerobic fermentation processes provides heat.Thus the anaerobic fermentation of rubbish from cooking is processed the biogas produced and flammable rubbish by inventor
The carbonization of rubbish processes the flue gas produced and mutually utilizes, and then not only makes resource be maximally utilized, simultaneously
Decrease the discharge of flue gas and the waste of heat.And further the anaerobic fermentation of rubbish from cooking is processed and combustiblerefuse
Carbonization processes and is effectively combined.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: by described pyrolysis gas
Return as fuel gas and process for described carbonization.Thus carbonization can be processed the pyrolysis gas produced and be returned from use,
And then carbonization process energy consumption can be reduced further.
Specifically, molding combustiblerefuse is fed in carbonization stove, use the gasification that biogas produces with the gasification of pyrolysis residue charcoal
Combustible gas and carbonization process the pyrolysis gas produced and provide thermal source, and in making carbonization stove, material is gradually heated to
600-850 DEG C, time of staying 0.5-3h.Thus, combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization and processes without being additionally provided thermal source, enter
And significantly reduce the process energy consumption to house refuse.
The output object of domestic garbage resource total system according to the above embodiment of the present invention includes metal, dregs, disappears
Change mud, pyrolysis oil, rubbish charcoal.Wherein, metal collection is sold；Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization list
Unit's dirt, fills after collection；Digested sludge is sold as fertilizer；Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals；Rubbish
Rubbish charcoal is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.
Use the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention, by house refuse being divided into more than kitchen
Rubbish and the big class of combustiblerefuse two are also respectively processed further, can reduce the moisture content of combustiblerefuse in rubbish,
Improve oil, gas, the productivity of charcoal；Rubbish from cooking can obtain fertilizer and biogas, the natural pond that fermentation produces by anaerobic fermentation
Gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal can produce gasification combustible gas through gasification, and the pyrolysis gas produced with pyrolysis functions together as carbonization
The thermal source processed, and the waste heat that carbonization processes the flue gas produced provides heat energy for anaerobic fermentation so that it is it is maintained at
The temperature of 35-45 DEG C.
Use the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention and system at least have following advantages it
One:
(1) the present invention is directed to China's domestic waste and mostly be the feature of composting, use the means such as crushing and screening to incite somebody to action
Sorting consumer waste is rubbish from cooking, combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and assorting room is simple, classifies scientific and reasonable；
(2) for the feature that China's house refuse moisture content is high, rubbish enters first heap filter in dump pit after factory, effectively
Reduce the moisture in rubbish, improve the productivity of thermal decomposition product, simultaneously by leachate recirculation in anaerobic fermentation unit, it is to avoid
Garbage leachate processes difficult problem, and the percolate that additionally recharges also functions to ferment the purpose of moisture content regulation, thus carries
High biological treatment efficiency；
(3) combustiblerefuse enters stokehold to pretreatment such as it are shaped, by scattered garbage-molding be bar-shaped, pie or
Granular, increase the bulk density of rubbish, easily facilitate garbage feeding and uniform stone, improve garbage disposal ability；
(4) using carbonization method to process combustiblerefuse, change rubbish is pyrolysis gas, coke and pyrolysis oil, resource water
Flat height, process secondary pollution is little, it is achieved that two English zero-emissions；
(5) produce biogas and can be passed through the pyrolytic carbon that gasification installation gasification and pyrolysis produces, the gasification of generation as gasifying agent
Combustible gas and low-calorie refuse pyrolysis gas provide energy as fuel gas for refuse pyrolysis, it is ensured that system capacity is self-supporting,
Thus greatly reduce operating cost；
(6) thermal decomposition product includes pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and rubbish charcoal, not only can be as fuel, it is also possible to as work
Industry raw material is sold, it is simple to accumulating, has than the more preferable economic worth that generates electricity；
(7) flue gas that pyrolysis produces is back to use anaerobic fermentation system, and the heat utilizing flue gas is the temperature keeping enough of fermenting
Degree condition, had both processed the emission problem of flue gas, make use of again the waste heat of flue gas, saved energy consumption for system.
Embodiment 1
Using certain city's house refuse is raw material, becomes and is grouped into as shown in table 1.
Table 1 house refuse becomes to be grouped into (wt%)
A, rubbish pretreatment: according to composting characteristic by sorting, sieve, crush, the means such as molding obtain anaerobism
Fermentation and carbonization raw material；
Described pretreatment includes following one or more:
(1) house refuse storage: enter factory's rubbish in discharging platform pours dump pit into, and stop 3 days in hole, with
Ensureing its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, msw water content is less than 25%.The sewage separated is through collecting
Send into anaerobic fermentation unit, for anaerobic fermentation.
(2) sorting is broken: uses bag-breaking machine to sort after dehydration garbage bag breaking, is kitchen excess by refuse classification,
Combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and respectively kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed.
Assorting room includes one or more in the sorting of magnetic sorting, vibrosieve and rotary screen sorting；Shattering process is broken
Crushing device is 2-3 level, and broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm；Combustiblerefuse include plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric and
One or more in other material.
(3) combustiblerefuse molding: be bar-shaped as doing through garbage-molding equipment compression forming using combustiblerefuse after pulverizing
Evaporating pyrolysis feed, its compression particle size range is 10-100mm.
B, anaerobic fermentation unit: described kitchen excess and described sewage mixed configuration form slurry are transported in fermentation tank, rubbish
The flue gas that rubbish pyrolysis produces is passed through fermentation system, utilizes the heat in flue gas to keep fermentation temperature 35 DEG C to carry out anaerobic fermentation,
The fermentation time of staying is 15 days, and Organic substance is degraded by microorganisms as the digested sludge of stable in properties and produces biogas, biogas
It is passed into gasification unit to use as gasifying agent.
C, carbonization unit: described molding combustible feeds carbonization stove, use gasification combustible gas and dry distilling heat
In hydrolysis products pyrolysis gas provides thermal source to make stove, material is gradually heated to 700 DEG C, time of staying 1h.The gas that pyrolysis produces
State material first passes around condensing unit cooling, and condensable liquid therein is condensed out and obtains pyrolysis oil.After condensation cooling
Be still the pyrolysis gas of gas after purifying (decoking, desulphurization and denitration), be stored in gas tank, as dry distilling heat
Solve raw material.The solid refuse charcoal discharged is passed through in gasification installation and gasifies, and the flue gas of discharge is passed through anaerobic fermentation unit
Heat is provided for fermentation.
D, gasification unit: pyrolysis residue carbon (mixing a small amount of coal) vaporizing system fuel gas and produced gas purification two parts.
Air enters aerator boosting, heats in air preheater, removes gasify furnace bottom, returning charge gasifier bed respectively；In gasification
Stove inlet pipeline is provided with blender, mixs homogeneously with biogas at this air, sprays in gasification furnace；Another part sprays
Enter returning charge gasifier bed.
E, the collection of product and process: product of the present invention includes metal, dregs, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil.Wherein,
Metal collection is sold；Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization unit dirt, fills after collection；Digestion dirt
Mud is sold as fertilizer；Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals.A pyrolysis gas part supplies as fuel gas
To pyrogenation and carbonization device, a part is as production marketing, and rubbish per ton can produce combustible gas 200Nm3, its composition and calorific value
As shown in table 2.
Table 2 combustible gas composition and calorific value
Embodiment 2
Using certain city's house refuse is raw material, becomes and is grouped into as shown in table 3.
Table 3 house refuse becomes to be grouped into (wt%)
A, rubbish pretreatment: according to composting characteristic by sorting, sieve, crush, the means such as molding obtain anaerobism
Fermentation and carbonization raw material；
Described pretreatment includes following one or more:
(1) house refuse storage: enter factory's rubbish in discharging platform pours dump pit into, and stop 6 days in hole, with
Ensureing its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, msw water content is less than 25%.The sewage separated is through collecting
Send into anaerobic fermentation unit, for anaerobic fermentation.
(2) sorting is broken: uses bag-breaking machine to sort after dehydration garbage bag breaking, is kitchen excess by refuse classification,
Combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and respectively kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed.
Assorting room includes one or more in the sorting of magnetic sorting, vibrosieve and rotary screen sorting；Shattering process is broken
Crushing device is 2-3 level, and broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm；Combustiblerefuse include plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric and
One or more in other material.
(3) combustiblerefuse molding: using combustiblerefuse after pulverizing through garbage-molding equipment compression forming be pie as dry
Evaporating pyrolysis feed, its compression particle size range is 10-100mm.
B, anaerobic fermentation unit: described kitchen excess and described sewage mixed configuration form slurry are transported in fermentation tank, rubbish
The flue gas that rubbish pyrolysis produces is passed through fermentation system, utilizes the heat in flue gas to keep fermentation temperature 45 DEG C to carry out anaerobic fermentation,
The fermentation time of staying is 20 days, and Organic substance is degraded by microorganisms as the digested sludge of stable in properties and produces biogas, biogas
It is passed into gasification unit to use as gasifying agent.
C, carbonization unit: described molding combustible feeds carbonization stove, use gasification combustible gas and dry distilling heat
In hydrolysis products pyrolysis gas provides thermal source to make stove, material is gradually heated to 800 DEG C, time of staying 2h.The gas that pyrolysis produces
State material first passes around condensing unit cooling, and condensable liquid therein is condensed out and obtains pyrolysis oil.After condensation cooling
Be still the pyrolysis gas of gas after purifying (decoking, desulphurization and denitration), be stored in gas tank, as dry distilling heat
Solve raw material.The solid refuse charcoal discharged is passed through in gasification installation and gasifies, and the flue gas of discharge is passed through anaerobic fermentation unit
Heat is provided for fermentation.
D, gasification unit: pyrolysis residue carbon (mixing a small amount of coal) vaporizing system fuel gas and produced gas purification two parts.
Air enters aerator boosting, heats in air preheater, removes gasify furnace bottom, returning charge gasifier bed respectively；In gasification
Stove inlet pipeline is provided with blender, mixs homogeneously with biogas at this air, sprays in gasification furnace；Another part sprays
Enter returning charge gasifier bed.
E, the collection of product and process: product of the present invention includes metal, dregs, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil.Wherein,
Metal collection is sold；Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization unit dirt, fills after collection；Digestion dirt
Mud is sold as fertilizer；Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals.A pyrolysis gas part supplies as fuel gas
To pyrogenation and carbonization device, a part is as production marketing, and rubbish per ton can produce combustible gas 180Nm3, composition and calorific value are such as
Shown in table 4.
Table 4 combustible gas composition and calorific value
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " install ", " being connected ", " connection ", the art such as " fixing "
Language should be interpreted broadly, and connects for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or integral；Can be machinery
Connect, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two units
Connection within part or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to tool
Body situation understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example ",
Or specific features, structure, material or the feature bag that the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes
It is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, need not pin to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term
To be identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be at any one
Or multiple embodiment or example combine in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of the most conflicting, the technology of this area
Personnel the feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be combined and
Combination.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is exemplary,
Being not considered as limiting the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-described embodiment
It is changed, revises, replaces and modification.
Claims (9)
1. one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method, it is characterised in that including:
Carry out house refuse sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse；
Described rubbish from cooking is carried out anaerobic fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue；
Described combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue charcoal；
Described biogas is carried out gasification process as gasifying agent to described pyrolysis residue charcoal, in order to obtain the combustible gas that gasifies；And
As fuel gas, described gasification combustible gas is used for described carbonization process.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that farther include:
Described flue gas is processed for described anaerobic fermentation heat is provided.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that wrap further
Include:
Described pyrolysis gas is returned as fuel gas and is used for the process of described carbonization.
4. according to the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that enter one
Step includes:
In advance described house refuse is carried out filtration process in material hole, in order to isolate percolate；
Described percolate is carried out described anaerobic fermentation process.
5. according to the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that inciting somebody to action
Described combustiblerefuse farther includes before carrying out carbonization process: be shaped described combustiblerefuse processing,
Optionally, the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after described forming processes is 10-100 millimeter.
6. according to the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that described
The temperature that anaerobic fermentation processes is 35-45 degree Celsius, and the time is 15-20 days.
7. one way of life garbage as resource total system, it is characterised in that including:
Sorting breaker, described sorting breaker has house refuse entrance, rubbish from cooking outlet and combustiblerefuse outlet；
Anaerobic fermentation tank, described anaerobic fermentation tank has rubbish from cooking entrance, methane outlet and residual outlet, more than described kitchen
Garbage inlet is connected with the outlet of described rubbish from cooking；
Carbonization stove, described carbonization stove has fuel gas entrance, combustiblerefuse entrance, exhanst gas outlet, pyrolysis oil to go out
Mouth, pyrolysis gas outlet and the outlet of pyrolysis residue charcoal, described combustiblerefuse entrance is connected with the outlet of described combustiblerefuse；And
Gasification installation, described gasification installation has gasification agent inlet, pyrolytic carbon entrance and gasification combustible gas outlet, described gasification
Agent entrance is connected with described methane outlet, and described pyrolytic carbon entrance is connected with the outlet of described pyrolysis residue charcoal, and described gasification is flammable
Gas outlet is connected with described fuel gas entrance.
8. the domestic garbage resource total system stated according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described exhanst gas outlet with
Described anaerobic fermentation tank is connected,
Optionally, described pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with described fuel gas entrance.
9. the domestic garbage resource total system stated according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that farther include:
Material hole, described material hole has primary garbage inlet alive, percolate outlet and house refuse outlet, and described house refuse goes out
Mouth is connected with described house refuse entrance,
Optionally, farther including: shaped device, described shaped device exports and described flammable with described combustiblerefuse respectively
Garbage inlet is connected.
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| CN110813976A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-02-21 | 河南恒天久大实业有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for full recycling of municipal refuse |
| CN110883050A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-03-17 | 蚌埠学院 | Rapid recycling and cleaning treatment method and system for high-water-content household garbage |
| CN114074919A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-02-22 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Method for producing hydrogen by converting municipal refuse |
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