CN105921497A - Resourceful comprehensive treatment method and system for household garbage - Google Patents
Resourceful comprehensive treatment method and system for household garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN105921497A CN105921497A CN201610438579.9A CN201610438579A CN105921497A CN 105921497 A CN105921497 A CN 105921497A CN 201610438579 A CN201610438579 A CN 201610438579A CN 105921497 A CN105921497 A CN 105921497A
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 stationery Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a resourceful comprehensive treatment method and system for household garbage. The method comprises the following steps: sorting and crushing the household garbage to obtain kitchen garbage and combustible garbage; performing anaerobic fermentation for the kitchen garbage to obtain biogas and residues; performing carbonization and pyrolysis treatment for the combustible garbage to obtain smoke, pyrolytic oil gas and residual solids. With the adoption of the method, the household garbage can be divided into the kitchen garbage and the combustible garbage which can be specifically treated, so that the harmful treatment of the garbage can be achieved, and secondary pollution, in particular Dioxin generation, can be avoided; in addition, the garbage reduction effect is good; the resourceful level is high; the economic benefit of the product is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid waste treatment, specifically, the present invention relates to domestic garbage resource integrated treatment side
Method and processing system.
Background technology
In terms of global point, along with economic is grown continuously and fast, living standards of the people improve rapidly, and urbanization process is continuous
Accelerate, but the environmental problem simultaneously faced also is on the rise, the particularly process of rubbish.How to solve municipal solid wastes
Problem, also one health of the mankind, clean living environment, caused the great attention in the whole world.China's house refuse in 2010
Yield 1.58 hundred million tons, surrounding city adds up to store up rubbish and has reached 7,000,000,000 tons, takes up an area about more than 80 ten thousand mu, poor in 661 cities
The city seldom having 2/3 is surrounded by rubbish, and environment creates serious harm.
Domestic rubbish disposal mode mainly includes the methods such as sanitary landfills, burning, compost, pyrolysis and comprehensive garbage disposal.
Although wherein landfill technology is the most ripe, Construction and operation expense is low, and treating capacity is big, however it is necessary that and takies a large amount of soil, site
Selection Consideration is extremely complex, and resource level is low, and loading embeading percolation liquid and biogas treatment there is also certain difficulty;Rubbish
It is the process that solid waste carries out pyrolytic and deep oxidation that rubbish burns, and has volume reduction, decrement relatively big, can reclaim
The advantages such as heat energy, but, burn secondary pollution seriously, especially two English in incineration flue gas are to environmental and human health impacts all
Causing harm, some burning disposal projects are because the common people's is strongly opposed to termination construction of having to;Garbage compost processes main
It is applied to the rural garbage that China's content of organics is higher, straw waste and vast small and medium-sized cities.Although composting technology can have
Effect volume reduction decrement, reaches recycling effect, but compost there is also a lot of problem due to the limitation of self, the most former
Material bad adaptability, heavy metal pollution problem is serious, and composting production sales volume is the best.
China's domestic waste is mainly derived from the daily daily life of family life, the food debris of diet, all kinds of device, thing
The packaging bag of product, wrapping paper, large quantities of waste paper and textile, old metal etc., component of refuse is complicated, mostly is composting.
Garbage disposal at present, still based on sanitary landfills, is aided with the mode such as waste incineration, compost.Wherein waste incineration is applied to more
Southern economy developed regions, north most area then uses landfill disposal rubbish.This only with single treatment mode at
The waste disposal method that reason rubbish or landfill combine with burning, or effectively cannot carry out the most innoxious subtracting for garbage property
Quantification treatment, or resource level is low, or secondary pollution the most all can not reach good treatment effect.It is thus desirable to
For China's house refuse characteristic, use novel integrated conduct method, reach the abundant resource of all the components in rubbish,
Minimizing, harmless treatment.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that one of technical problem solved the most to a certain extent in correlation technique.To this end, the one of the present invention
Purpose is to propose one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method and processing system, utilizes the method and the system can be effective
Ground realizes the harmless treatment to house refuse.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method, including:
Carry out house refuse sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse;
Described rubbish from cooking is carried out anaerobic fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue;And
Described combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solid.
House refuse is divided into kitchen excess and flammable by the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method using the above embodiment of the present invention
Rubbish, and being respectively directed to property process, and then not only sufficiently achieved the harmless treatment of rubbish, non-secondary pollution, especially
Being to produce without two English, and reduction is good, resource level is high, and product economy is profitable.
It addition, domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional
Technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing method of above-described embodiment farther includes: using described biogas as fuel
Gas processes for described carbonization.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing method of above-described embodiment farther includes: in advance by described house refuse
Filtration process is carried out, in order to isolate percolate in material hole;
Described percolate is carried out described anaerobic fermentation process.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing method of above-described embodiment farther includes: carried out by described pyrolysis oil gas
Condensation and purified treatment, in order to respectively obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
Described pyrolysis gas is returned as fuel gas and is used for the process of described carbonization,
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing method of above-described embodiment farther includes: described residual solid carried out
Sorting process, in order to obtain white carbon black and ash.
In some embodiments of the invention, farther included before described combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process: will
Described combustiblerefuse is shaped processing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after described forming processes is 10-100 millimeter.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature that described anaerobic fermentation processes is 35-45 degree Celsius, and the time is 15-20 days.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes one way of life garbage as resource total system, including:
Sorting breaker, described sorting breaker has house refuse entrance, rubbish from cooking outlet and combustiblerefuse outlet;
Anaerobic fermentation tank, described anaerobic fermentation tank has rubbish from cooking entrance, methane outlet and residual outlet, more than described kitchen
Garbage inlet is connected with the outlet of described rubbish from cooking;And
Carbonization stove, described carbonization stove has fuel gas entrance, combustiblerefuse entrance, exhanst gas outlet, pyrolysis oil gas
Outlet and residual solid export, and described combustiblerefuse entrance is connected with the outlet of described combustiblerefuse.
It addition, domestic garbage resource total system according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional
Technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, described methane outlet is connected with the fuel gas entrance for described carbonization stove.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of above-described embodiment farther includes: material hole, and described material hole has
The outlet of primary garbage inlet alive, percolate and house refuse outlet, the outlet of described house refuse and described house refuse entrance phase
Even, the outlet of described percolate is connected with anaerobic fermentation tank.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of above-described embodiment farther includes:
Condensing unit, described condensing unit has pyrolysis oil gas entrance, pyrolysis oil outlet and pyrolysis gas outlet, described pyrolysis oil
Gas entrance is connected with described pyrolysis oil gas vent;
Purifier, described purifier has pyrolysis gas entrance and pure pyrolysis gas outlet, and described pyrolysis gas entrance is with described
Pyrolysis gas outlet is connected, and described pure pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the fuel gas entrance of described carbonization stove.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of above-described embodiment farther includes: sorting unit, described sorting
Device has residual solid entrance, white carbon black outlet and ash outlet, and described residual solid entrance exports phase with described residual solid
Even.
In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of above-described embodiment farther includes: shaped device, described molding
Device is connected with the outlet of described combustiblerefuse and described combustiblerefuse entrance respectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of domestic garbage resource total system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of domestic garbage resource total system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most identical
Or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.Retouch below with reference to accompanying drawing
The embodiment stated is exemplary, it is intended to is used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method, including: will
House refuse carries out sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse;Rubbish from cooking is carried out at anaerobic fermentation
Reason, in order to obtain biogas and residue;And combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil
Gas and residual solid.
Sorting consumer waste is rubbish from cooking and flammable by the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention
Rubbish, and the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content that has for rubbish from cooking further is many, use anaerobic fermentation to process,
And then can effectively rubbish from cooking be processed, and produce recycling biogas;Dry distilling is used for combustiblerefuse
Pyrolysis processing, is possible not only to be effectively prevented from producing two English, and pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and white carbon black etc. can be obtained can be again
Utilize product.Therefore, the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention has not only sufficiently achieved rubbish
Harmless treatment, non-secondary pollution especially produces without two English, and reduction is good, and resource level is high, produces
Product are good in economic efficiency.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, describe the domestic garbage resource of the specific embodiment of the invention in detail below with reference to Fig. 1
Integrated conduct method.
S100: house refuse pretreatment
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the most just house refuse carries out sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking
And combustiblerefuse.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, sorting break process can use bag-breaking machine to sort after dehydration garbage bag breaking,
It is rubbish from cooking by refuse classification, combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and respectively kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, during assorting room can include the sorting of magnetic sorting, vibrosieve and rotary screen sorting
One or more;Shattering process breaker is 2-3 level, and broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm.Wherein, sorting obtains
Combustiblerefuse can include plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric etc..
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, may further include: in advance will be raw
Rubbish of living carries out filtration process in material hole, in order to isolate percolate;Percolate is carried out anaerobic fermentation process.Thus lead to
Cross the heap filter of rubbish early stage, can effectively reduce the moisture content of rubbish, and then the flammable rubbish obtained of later separation can be reduced
The water content of rubbish, reduces carbonization and processes energy consumption.The percolate concurrently separating out can obtain with later separation through collection
Together carry out anaerobic fermentation process to rubbish from cooking, and then be possible not only to avoid the problem that sewage disposal is difficult, the most all right
There is provided more favourable environment for anaerobic fermentation, improve anaerobic fermentation efficiency.
Specifically, house refuse can be carried out filtration process carrying out sorting before break process, will house refuse through unloading
Material platform is poured in material hole, and stops 1-7 days in hole, and to ensure its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, rubbish contains
Water rate is less than 25%.
S200: anaerobic fermentation processes
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, further, the rubbish from cooking that above-mentioned sorting break process obtains is carried out anaerobism
Fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue.It is thus directed towards the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content of rubbish from cooking is many,
Use anaerobic fermentation to process can preferably rubbish from cooking be processed, and then improve treatment effeciency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature that rubbish from cooking carries out anaerobic fermentation process can be 35-45 degree Celsius,
Time can be 15-20 days, and then Organic substance can be degraded by microorganisms fully as the digested sludge of stable in properties and produce
Biogas, in order to improve anaerobic fermentation treatment effeciency further.
S300: carbonization processes
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, further, the combustiblerefuse that above-mentioned sorting break process obtains is carried out dry distilling
Pyrolysis processing, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solid.Carbonization is thus used to process and can be effectively prevented from
Produce two English pollutant.Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method more safety and environmental protection,
Innoxious.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, farther included before combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process: by flammable
Rubbish is shaped processing.Thus can improve material heat conduction, improve the pyrolysis uniformity, in order to improve dry distilling further
Pyrolysis processing efficiency.According to the concrete example of the present invention, after can pulverizing, combustiblerefuse is compressed into through garbage-molding device
Type is bar-shaped, pie or granular as carbonization raw material, and the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after forming processes can be
10-100 millimeter, thus can significantly improve carbonization treatment effeciency.
S400: resource recycles
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: entered by pyrolysis oil gas
Row condensation and purified treatment, in order to respectively obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;Pyrolysis gas is returned as fuel gas and is used for dry distilling heat
Solution processes.Thus carbonization can be processed the pyrolysis gas produced and be returned from use, and then carbonization can be reduced further
Process energy consumption.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: residual solid entered
Row sorting process, in order to obtain white carbon black and ash.Wherein, white carbon black can be sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: using biogas as combustion
Material gas processes for carbonization.And then, biogas is used for carbonization as fuel gas and processes.Thus inventor is by more than kitchen
The anaerobic fermentation of rubbish processes the biogas produced and recycles, and then can reduce carbonization process energy consumption further.
Specifically, molding combustiblerefuse is fed in carbonization stove, use anaerobic fermentation to process the biogas produced and dry distilling heat
Solution processes material in the pyrolysis gas produced provides thermal source to make carbonization stove and is gradually heated to 600-850 DEG C, the time of staying
0.5-3h.Thus, combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization and processes without being additionally provided thermal source, and then significantly reduce life rubbish
The process energy consumption of rubbish.
The output object of domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method according to the above embodiment of the present invention includes metal, dregs, disappears
Change mud, pyrolysis oil, rubbish charcoal.Wherein, metal collection is sold;Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization list
Unit's dirt, fills after collection;Digested sludge is sold as fertilizer;Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals;Rubbish
Rubbish charcoal is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.
Use the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention, by house refuse being divided into more than kitchen
Rubbish and the big class of combustiblerefuse two are also respectively processed further, can reduce the moisture content of combustiblerefuse in rubbish,
Improve oil, gas, the productivity of charcoal;Rubbish from cooking can obtain fertilizer and biogas, the natural pond that fermentation produces by anaerobic fermentation
The pyrolysis gas that gas and pyrolysis produce can serve as the thermal source that carbonization processes.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the invention allows for one way of life garbage as resource total system, such as figure
Shown in 2, including: sorting breaker 10, anaerobic fermentation tank 20, carbonization stove 30, wherein, sort breaker
10 have house refuse entrance 11, rubbish from cooking outlet 12 and combustiblerefuse outlet 13;Anaerobic fermentation tank 20 has more than kitchen
Garbage inlet 21, methane outlet 22 and residual outlet 23, rubbish from cooking entrance 21 is connected with rubbish from cooking outlet 12;
And carbonization stove 30 has fuel gas entrance 31, combustiblerefuse entrance 32, exhanst gas outlet 33, pyrolysis oil gas vent 34
Exporting 35 with residual solid, combustiblerefuse entrance 32 is connected with combustiblerefuse outlet 13.
Use the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention, by house refuse at sorting breaker
Carry out in 10 sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse;By rubbish from cooking in anaerobic fermentation tank 20
Carry out anaerobic fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue;And combustiblerefuse is carried out in carbonization stove 30 dry distilling
Pyrolysis processing, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solid.
Thus, sorting consumer waste is rubbish from cooking by the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention
And combustiblerefuse, and the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content that has for rubbish from cooking further is many, use anaerobism to send out
Ferment processes, and then effectively can process rubbish from cooking, and produces recycling biogas;For flammable
Rubbish uses carbonization stove to process, and is possible not only to be effectively prevented from producing two English, and can obtain pyrolysis oil,
The recycling product such as pyrolysis gas and white carbon black.Therefore, the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention
Not only having sufficiently achieved the harmless treatment of rubbish, non-secondary pollution especially produces without two English, and reduction is good,
Resource level is high, and product economy is profitable.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, describe the domestic garbage resource of the specific embodiment of the invention in detail below with reference to Fig. 3
Total system.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, sorting breaker 10 has house refuse entrance 11, rubbish from cooking outlet 12
13 are exported with combustiblerefuse.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the most just house refuse is in sorting breaker 10
Carry out sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, sorting breaker can be included as bag-breaking machine, uses bag-breaking machine to be dehydrated in advance
Sort after garbage bag breaking, be rubbish from cooking by refuse classification, combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and it is utilized respectively broken
Kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed by machine.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, during assorting room can include the sorting of magnetic sorting, vibrosieve and rotary screen sorting
One or more;Shattering process breaker is 2-3 level, and broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm.Wherein, sorting obtains
Combustiblerefuse can include plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric etc..
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, may further include: material hole 40,
Material hole 40 have primary garbage inlet alive 41, percolate outlet 42 and house refuse outlet 43, house refuse outlet 43 with
House refuse entrance 11 is connected, and percolate outlet 42 is connected with anaerobic fermentation tank 20.And then, in advance by house refuse at material
Filtration process is carried out, in order to isolate percolate in hole 40;Percolate is carried out anaerobic fermentation process.
Heap from there through rubbish early stage is filtered, and can effectively reduce the moisture content of rubbish, and then can reduce obtaining of later separation
The water content of the combustiblerefuse arrived, reduces carbonization and processes energy consumption.The percolate concurrently separating out can be with through collection
Later separation obtains rubbish from cooking and together carries out anaerobic fermentation process, and then is possible not only to avoid the problem that sewage disposal is difficult,
Simultaneously can also provide more favourable environment for anaerobic fermentation, improve anaerobic fermentation efficiency.
Specifically, house refuse can be carried out filtration process carrying out sorting before break process, will house refuse through unloading
Material platform is poured in material hole, and stops 1-7 days in hole, and to ensure its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, rubbish contains
Water rate is less than 25%.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, anaerobic fermentation tank 20 has rubbish from cooking entrance 21, methane outlet 22 and remnants
Thing outlet 23, rubbish from cooking entrance 21 is connected with rubbish from cooking outlet 12.And then, at above-mentioned sorting breaker 10
The rubbish from cooking that reason obtains carries out anaerobic fermentation process in anaerobic fermentation tank 20, in order to obtain biogas and residue.
Being thus directed towards the feature that the high and easy putrefaction of water content of rubbish from cooking is many, using anaerobic fermentation to process can be the most right
Rubbish from cooking processes, and then improves treatment effeciency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature carrying out anaerobic fermentation process in anaerobic fermentation tank can be that 35-45 is Celsius
Degree, the time can be 15-20 days, and then Organic substance can be degraded by microorganisms fully into stable in properties digested sludge also
Produce biogas, in order to improve anaerobic fermentation treatment effeciency further.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, carbonization stove 30 has fuel gas entrance 31, combustiblerefuse entrance 32, cigarette
Gas outlet 33, pyrolysis oil gas vent 34 and residual solid outlet 35, combustiblerefuse entrance 32 and combustiblerefuse export 13 phases
Even.And then, above-mentioned sorting breaker 10 is processed the combustiblerefuse obtained in carbonization stove 30, carries out carbonization
Process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solid.
Thus use carbonization stove pyrolysis combustiblerefuse to process can be effectively prevented from producing two English pollutant.Therefore, originally
The domestic garbage resource total system more safety and environmental protection of inventive embodiments, innoxious.
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, may further include: shaped device
50, shaped device 50 is connected with combustiblerefuse outlet 13 and combustiblerefuse entrance 32 respectively.And then, combustiblerefuse is being entered
It is shaped in advance before entering carbonization stove 30 processing in shaped device 50.Thus can improve material heat conduction,
Improve the pyrolysis uniformity, in order to improve carbonization treatment effeciency further.
According to the concrete example of the present invention, can will pulverize after combustiblerefuse through garbage-molding device compression forming be bar-shaped,
Pie or granular as carbonization raw material, the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after forming processes can be 10-100 millimeter,
Thus can significantly improve carbonization treatment effeciency.
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: condensing unit 60 He
Purifier 70, wherein, condensing unit 60 has pyrolysis oil gas entrance 61, pyrolysis oil outlet 62 and pyrolysis gas outlet 63,
Pyrolysis oil gas entrance 61 is connected with pyrolysis oil gas vent 34;Purifier 70 has pyrolysis gas entrance 71 and pure pyrolysis gas
Outlet 72, pyrolysis gas entrance 71 is connected with pyrolysis gas outlet 63, pure pyrolysis gas outlet 72 and the combustion of carbonization stove 30
Material gas entrance 31 is connected.And then, pyrolysis oil gas is condensed and purifies in condensing unit 60 and purifier 70 successively
Process, in order to respectively obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;Pyrolysis gas is returned as fuel gas and is used for carbonization process.Thus
Carbonization can be processed the pyrolysis gas produced and be returned from use, and then carbonization process energy consumption can be reduced further.
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: sorting unit 80,
Sorting unit 80 has residual solid entrance 81, white carbon black outlet 82 and ash outlet 83, and residual solid entrance 81 is with remaining
Solid outlet 35 is connected.And then, combustiblerefuse is processed the residual solid produced in sorting unit 80 through carbonization
Carry out sorting process, in order to obtain white carbon black and ash.Wherein, white carbon black can be sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.
Domestic garbage resource total system according to the specific embodiment of the invention, farther includes: methane outlet 22 with
Fuel gas entrance 31 for carbonization stove 30 is connected.And then, biogas is used for carbonization as fuel gas and processes.
Thus the biogas that the anaerobic fermentation of rubbish from cooking processes generation is recycled by inventor, and then can reduce dry distilling further
Pyrolysis processing energy consumption.
Specifically, molding combustiblerefuse is fed in carbonization stove, use anaerobic fermentation to process the biogas produced and dry distilling heat
Solution processes material in the pyrolysis gas produced provides thermal source to make carbonization stove and is gradually heated to 600-850 DEG C, the time of staying
0.5-3h.Thus, combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization and processes without being additionally provided thermal source, and then significantly reduce life rubbish
The process energy consumption of rubbish.
The output object of domestic garbage resource total system according to the above embodiment of the present invention includes metal, dregs, disappears
Change mud, pyrolysis oil, rubbish charcoal.Wherein, metal collection is sold;Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization list
Unit's dirt, fills after collection;Digested sludge is sold as fertilizer;Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals;Rubbish
Rubbish charcoal is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.
Use the domestic garbage resource total system of the above embodiment of the present invention, by house refuse being divided into more than kitchen
Rubbish and the big class of combustiblerefuse two are also respectively processed further, can reduce the moisture content of combustiblerefuse in rubbish,
Improve oil, gas, the productivity of charcoal;Rubbish from cooking can obtain fertilizer and biogas, the natural pond that fermentation produces by anaerobic fermentation
The pyrolysis gas that gas and pyrolysis produce can serve as the thermal source that carbonization processes.
Use the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method of the above embodiment of the present invention and system at least have following advantages it
One:
(1) the present invention is directed to China's domestic waste and mostly be the feature of composting, use the means such as crushing and screening to incite somebody to action
Sorting consumer waste is rubbish from cooking, combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and assorting room is simple, classifies scientific and reasonable;
(2) for the feature that China's house refuse moisture content is high, rubbish enters first heap filter in dump pit after factory, effectively
Reduce the moisture in rubbish, improve the productivity of thermal decomposition product, simultaneously by leachate recirculation in anaerobic fermentation unit, it is to avoid
Garbage leachate processes difficult problem, and the percolate that additionally recharges also functions to ferment the purpose of moisture content regulation, thus carries
High biological treatment efficiency;
(3) combustiblerefuse enters stokehold to pretreatment such as it are shaped, by scattered garbage-molding be bar-shaped, pie or
Granular, increase the bulk density of rubbish, easily facilitate garbage feeding and uniform stone, improve garbage disposal ability;
(4) using carbonization method to process combustiblerefuse, change rubbish is pyrolysis gas, coke and pyrolysis oil, resource water
Flat height, process secondary pollution is little, it is achieved that two English zero-emissions;
(5) produce biogas and low-calorie refuse pyrolysis gas provides energy as fuel gas for refuse pyrolysis, it is ensured that be
System energy-autarchic, thus greatly reduce operating cost;
(6) thermal decomposition product includes pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and rubbish charcoal, not only can be as fuel, it is also possible to as work
Industry raw material is sold, it is simple to accumulating, has than the more preferable economic worth that generates electricity;
Embodiment 1
Using certain city's house refuse is raw material, becomes and is grouped into as shown in table 1.
Table 1 house refuse becomes to be grouped into (wt%)
A, rubbish pretreatment: according to composting characteristic by sorting, sieve, crush, the means such as molding obtain anaerobism
Fermentation and carbonization raw material;
(1) house refuse storage: enter factory's rubbish in discharging platform pours dump pit into, and stop 3 days in hole, with
Ensureing its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, msw water content is less than 25%.The sewage separated is through collecting
Send into anaerobic fermentation unit, for anaerobic fermentation.
(2) sorting is broken: uses bag-breaking machine to sort after dehydration garbage bag breaking, is kitchen excess by refuse classification,
Combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and respectively kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed.
Assorting room passes sequentially through magnetic sorting, vibrosieve sorting and rotary screen sorting;Shattering process breaker is 2-3
Level, broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm;Combustiblerefuse includes in plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric and other material
One or more.
(3) combustiblerefuse molding: by combustiblerefuse after pulverizing through garbage-molding equipment compression forming be bar-shaped, as
Carbonization raw material, its compression particle size range is 10-100mm.
B, anaerobic fermentation unit: keep in described kitchen excess and described sewage mixed configuration form slurry are transported to fermentation tank
Fermentation temperature 35 DEG C carries out anaerobic fermentation, and the fermentation time of staying is 15 days, and Organic substance is degraded by microorganisms as stable in properties
Digested sludge and produce biogas, biogas is stored in gas tank for carbonization fuel.
C, carbonization unit: described molding combustible feeds carbonization stove, use the produced natural pond of anaerobic fermentation unit
In gas and carbonization product pyrolysis gas provide thermal source to make stove, material is gradually heated to 700 DEG C, time of staying 1h.Heat
Solving the gaseous material produced and first pass around condensing unit cooling, condensable liquid therein is condensed out and obtains pyrolysis oil.
After condensation cooling be still the pyrolysis gas of gas after purification (devoke, desulphurization and denitration), be stored in gas tank,
As carbonization raw material.The solid refuse charcoal discharged is collected after carrying out quenching cooling.
D, the collection of product and process: product of the present invention includes metal, dregs, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil, rubbish charcoal.
Wherein, metal collection is sold;Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization unit dirt, fills after collection;
Digested sludge is sold as fertilizer;Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals;Rubbish charcoal is as solid fuel
Or reducing agent is sold;A pyrolysis gas part supplies pyrogenation and carbonization device as fuel gas, a part of as production marketing,
Rubbish per ton can produce combustible gas 200Nm3, its composition and calorific value are as shown in table 2.
Table 2 combustible gas composition and calorific value
Embodiment 2
Using certain city's house refuse is raw material, becomes and is grouped into as shown in table 3.
Table 3 house refuse becomes to be grouped into (wt%)
A, rubbish pretreatment: according to composting characteristic by sorting, sieve, crush, the means such as molding obtain anaerobism
Fermentation and carbonization raw material;
(1) house refuse storage: enter factory's rubbish in discharging platform pours dump pit into, and stop 6 days in hole, with
Ensureing its sufficiently dehydration, mixing, after diafiltration, msw water content is less than 25%.The sewage separated is through collecting
Send into anaerobic fermentation unit, for anaerobic fermentation.
(2) sorting is broken: uses bag-breaking machine to sort after dehydration garbage bag breaking, is kitchen excess by refuse classification,
Combustiblerefuse and metal, dregs, and respectively kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse are crushed.
Assorting room passes sequentially through magnetic sorting, vibrosieve sorting and rotary screen sorting;Shattering process breaker is 2-3
Level, broken particle diameter is 10mm-80mm;Combustiblerefuse includes in plastics, rubber, stationery, fabric and other material
One or more.
(3) combustiblerefuse molding: by combustiblerefuse after pulverizing through garbage-molding equipment compression forming be pie, as
Carbonization raw material, its compression particle size range is 10-100mm.
B, anaerobic fermentation unit: keep in described kitchen excess and described sewage mixed configuration form slurry are transported to fermentation tank
Fermentation temperature 45 DEG C carries out anaerobic fermentation, and the fermentation time of staying is 20 days, and Organic substance is degraded by microorganisms as stable in properties
Digested sludge and produce biogas, biogas is stored in gas tank for carbonization fuel.
C, carbonization unit: described molding combustible feeds carbonization stove, use the produced natural pond of anaerobic fermentation unit
In gas and carbonization product pyrolysis gas provide thermal source to make stove, material is gradually heated to 800 DEG C, time of staying 2h.Heat
Solving the gaseous material produced and first pass around condensing unit cooling, condensable liquid therein is condensed out and obtains pyrolysis oil.
After condensation cooling be still the pyrolysis gas of gas after purification (devoke, desulphurization and denitration), be stored in gas tank,
As carbonization raw material.The solid refuse charcoal discharged is collected after carrying out quenching cooling.
D, the collection of product and process: product of the present invention includes metal, dregs, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil, rubbish charcoal.
Wherein, metal collection is sold;Dregs includes pretreatment unit dregs and carbonization unit dirt, fills after collection;
Digested sludge is sold as fertilizer;Pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or industrial chemicals;Rubbish charcoal is as solid fuel
Or reducing agent is sold;A pyrolysis gas part supplies pyrogenation and carbonization device as fuel gas, a part of as production marketing,
Rubbish per ton can produce combustible gas 180Nm3, composition and calorific value are as shown in table 4.
Table 4 combustible gas composition and calorific value
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " install ", " being connected ", " connection ", the art such as " fixing "
Language should be interpreted broadly, and connects for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or integral;Can be machinery
Connect, it is also possible to be electrical connection;Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two units
Connection within part or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to tool
Body situation understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example ",
Or specific features, structure, material or the feature bag that the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes
It is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, need not pin to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term
To be identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be at any one
Or multiple embodiment or example combine in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of the most conflicting, the technology of this area
Personnel the feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be combined and
Combination.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is exemplary,
Being not considered as limiting the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-described embodiment
It is changed, revises, replaces and modification.
Claims (10)
1. one way of life garbage as resource integrated conduct method, it is characterised in that including:
Carry out house refuse sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse;
Described rubbish from cooking is carried out anaerobic fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue;And
Described combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solid.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that farther include:
As fuel gas, described biogas is used for described carbonization process.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that farther include:
In advance described house refuse is carried out filtration process in material hole, in order to isolate percolate;
Described percolate is carried out described anaerobic fermentation process.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that farther include:
Carry out condensing and purified treatment by described pyrolysis oil gas, in order to respectively obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
Described pyrolysis gas is returned as fuel gas and is used for the process of described carbonization,
Optionally, farther include: described residual solid is carried out sorting process, in order to obtain white carbon black and ash.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by described flammable
Rubbish farther includes before carrying out carbonization process: be shaped described combustiblerefuse processing,
Optionally, the mean diameter of the combustiblerefuse after described forming processes is 10-100 millimeter.
Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described anaerobic fermentation
The temperature processed is 35-45 degree Celsius, and the time is 15-20 days.
7. one way of life garbage as resource total system, it is characterised in that including:
Sorting breaker, described sorting breaker has house refuse entrance, rubbish from cooking outlet and combustiblerefuse outlet;
Anaerobic fermentation tank, described anaerobic fermentation tank has rubbish from cooking entrance, methane outlet and residual outlet, more than described kitchen
Garbage inlet is connected with the outlet of described rubbish from cooking;And
Carbonization stove, described carbonization stove has fuel gas entrance, combustiblerefuse entrance, exhanst gas outlet, pyrolysis oil gas
Outlet and residual solid export, and described combustiblerefuse entrance is connected with the outlet of described combustiblerefuse.
8. the domestic garbage resource total system stated according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described methane outlet with
Fuel gas entrance for described carbonization stove is connected.
9. the domestic garbage resource total system stated according to claim 7, it is characterised in that farther include:
Material hole, described material hole has primary garbage inlet alive, percolate outlet and house refuse outlet, and described house refuse goes out
Mouth is connected with described house refuse entrance.
10. the domestic garbage resource total system stated according to claim 7, it is characterised in that farther include:
Condensing unit, described condensing unit has pyrolysis oil gas entrance, pyrolysis oil outlet and pyrolysis gas outlet, described pyrolysis oil
Gas entrance is connected with described pyrolysis oil gas vent;
Purifier, described purifier has pyrolysis gas entrance and pure pyrolysis gas outlet, and described pyrolysis gas entrance is with described
Pyrolysis gas outlet is connected, and described pure pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the fuel gas entrance of described carbonization stove,
Optionally, farther including: sorting unit, described sorting unit has residual solid entrance, white carbon black outlet and ash
Outlet, described residual solid entrance is connected with the outlet of described residual solid,
Optionally, farther including: shaped device, described shaped device exports and described flammable with described combustiblerefuse respectively
Garbage inlet is connected.
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CN106391672A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-15 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for disposing house refuse |
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