CN105903482A - 一种CoP/ TiO2复合光催化剂及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种CoP/ TiO2复合光催化剂及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract 2
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种非贵金属助催化剂CoP的制备,特别CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂在光催化产氢中的性能研究。所述的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂,即将助催化剂CoP按一定比例担载在TiO2上形成的。制备的具体步骤为:(1)合成CoP前驱体,(2)对步骤(1)合成的CoP前驱体进行磷化,(3)将CoP与TiO2进行复合。本发明的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂具有较高的光催化分解水制氢活性。其中,最佳担载量时,复合光催化剂CoP/TiO2的光催化活性是单纯TiO2的22倍。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及其光催化产氢性能研究,属于利用太阳能光催化分解水制氢技术。
背景技术
煤、石油和天然气等化石燃料在人类经济和社会文明发展中起着至关重要的作用,但是这些化石燃料是有限的、不可再生的,其大量使用已经引起了严重的能源危机和相关的环境问题,这些问题严重威胁到了人类的生存。因此,急需开发新的能源来限制化石燃料的使用。利用太阳能光催化分解水是解决以上问题的有效途径之一。
TiO2具有成本低、无毒性等特点,因此被广泛应用于光催化领域。但是由于其禁带宽度比较宽,只能利用太阳光中的紫外光,再加上光生载流子的快速复合,大大影响了其光催化活性。近几十年里,科学研究者们开发出不同的方法来提高TiO2的活性,担载合适的助催化剂能是提高TiO2活性的有效途径之一。
助催化剂在光催化分解水产氢中起着非常重要的作用:(1)助催化剂能够降低光催化剂表面产氢或产氧的活化能;(2)有利于助催化剂和光催化剂界面间光生电子和空穴的分离;(3)能够抑制光腐蚀,增加光催化剂的稳定性。
目前,常用的助催化剂是贵金属及其化合物,但是由于贵金属材料储量低、价格高,这大大增加了光催化分解水的成本。为了解决这一问题,许多科研工作者对于非贵金属助催化剂的研究进行了大量的工作。磷化钴是一种类铂材料,具有很好的催化活性。将其作为助催化剂可以有效地提高光催化产氢能力,而且成本较低。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂。
本发明的目的之二是提供上述的一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备方法,该方法简单易行,不需要复杂昂贵的设备。
本发明的技术方案
一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂,由重量比为0.5:100-1:5的CoP与TiO2复合而成,最优重量比为1:50。
上述的一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备方法,具体步骤为:
(1)合成CoP前驱体:称取1.5-2.5g Co(NO3)2·6H2O、1.0-2.0g尿素、1.0-1.5g NaCl,量取0.1-0.5mL表面活性剂PEG,加入60-80mL去离子水,然后50-100℃水浴边搅拌边加热0.3-1h,随后转移至高压反应 釜中,100-200℃反应3-10h,自然冷却至室温,用去离子水和乙醇洗涤,最后放入烘箱中60-100℃烘干,取出研磨即得;
(2)将步骤(1)所得前驱体进行磷化:按Co:P为1:3-1:10的摩尔比计,称取上述前驱体和次磷酸钠,分别放在两个瓷舟里,在管式炉中,氮气氛围下200-500℃磷化1-4h。然后在氮气保护下冷却至室温,用钝化气(含有1%V/V氧气的氮气)进行钝化处理,即得CoP;
(3)将步骤(2)所得CoP担载在TiO2上:按所需比例称取CoP和TiO2,然后加入80-150mL去离子水,搅拌8-24h,静置1-5h,随后用去离子水和乙醇洗涤,放入真空干燥箱中60-150℃干燥5-12h,在氮气保护下200-500℃煅烧2-8h,即得复合光催化剂CoP/TiO2。
本发明的有益效果
本发明的一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂,由于CoP是一种非贵金属助催化剂,将其担载在硫化镉上大大降低了光催化的成本。
进一步,本发明的一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备方法简单易行,不需要复杂昂贵的设备,便于规模化生产。
本发明的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂具有较高的光催化分解水制氢活性。其中,最佳担载量时,复合光催化剂CoP/TiO2的光催化活性是单纯TiO2的22倍。
附图说明
图1 CoP前驱体的扫描电镜图
图2 CoP的扫描电镜图
图3 担载不同量CoP的产氢活性图
图4 助催化剂CoP和Rh的产氢活性比较图
具体实施方式
下面将通过具体的实施例对发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
制备CoP前驱体:称取2.18g Co(NO3)2·6H2O、1.35g尿素、1.17g NaCl,量取0.25mL表面活性剂PEG,加入75mL去离子水,然后70℃水浴边搅拌边加热30min,随后转移至100mL的高压反应釜中,120℃反应5h,自然冷却至室温,用去离子水和乙醇洗涤,最后放入烘箱中80℃烘干,取出研磨即得。
从图1中可以看出CoP前驱体呈针状。
制备CoP:按Co:P为1:5的摩尔比称取上述前驱体和次磷酸钠,分别放在两个瓷舟里,在管式炉中,氮气氛围下300℃磷化2h。在氮气保护下冷却至室温,然后用钝化气(含有1%V/V氧气的氮气)对其进行钝化处理,即得CoP。
从图2中可以看出经过磷化后针状结构破坏比较严重,CoP呈棒状。
制备CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂:称取0.04g CoP超声分散在100mL去离子水中,然后加入2g TiO2,搅拌12h,静置12h,随后用去离子水和乙醇洗涤几次,放入真空干燥箱中80℃干燥8h,在氮气保护下300℃煅烧4h,即得复合光催化剂CoP/TiO2。
光催化分解水制氢反应:将0.1g复合光催化剂(以纯TiO2为对比例)加入到200mL体积分数为10%的甲醇溶液中,采用300W氙灯作为光源,电流为15毫安,光照时间为1h。
在该反应中,CoP/TiO2的产氢速率为22μmol·h-1,是单纯TiO2的22倍。
实施例2:
同实施例1,与实施例1不同之处在于,CoP的担载量不同。
从图3中可以看到,CoP的担载量对复合光催化剂的产氢活性有很大的影响。当担载量为2%时,CoP/TiO2的光催化产氢活性最好。低于或高于2%,产氢活性都会降低。
实施例3:
同实施例1,与实施例1不同之处在于,助催化剂是贵金属Rh,担载量为2%。其中,Rh是采用水热还原法制备的。
从图4中可以看到,担载CoP和Rh后二氧化钛的光催化产氢活性明显提高,其中CoP/TiO2的光催化产氢活性是Rh/TiO2的1.7倍。
Claims (4)
1.一种CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂,其特征在于:所述的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂,即将非贵金属助催化剂担载在TiO2上而形成的,CoP与TiO2重量比为0.5:100-1:5。
2.如权利要求1所述的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂,其特征在于所述的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂由重量比为1:50的CoP与TiO2复合而成。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)合成CoP前驱体:称取1.5-2.5g Co(NO3)2·6H2O、1.0-2.0g尿素、1.0-1.5g NaCl,量取0.1-0.5mL表面活性剂PEG,加入60-80mL去离子水,然后50-100℃水浴边搅拌边加热0.3-1h,随后转移至高压反应釜中,100-200℃反应3-10h,自然冷却至室温,用去离子水和乙醇洗涤,最后放入烘箱中60-100℃烘干,取出研磨即得;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的前驱体进行磷化:按Co:P为1:3-1:10的摩尔比计,称取上述前驱体和次磷酸钠,分别放在两个瓷舟里,在管式炉中,氮气氛围下200-500℃磷化1-4h;然后在氮气保护下冷却至室温,用钝化气(含有1%V/V氧气的氮气)进行钝化处理,即得CoP;
(3)将步骤(2)所得CoP担载在TiO2上:按所需比例称取CoP和TiO2,然后加入80-150mL去离子水,搅拌8-24h,静置1-5h,随后用去离子水和乙醇洗涤,放入真空干燥箱中60-150℃干燥5-12h,在氮气保护下200-500℃煅烧2-8h,即得复合光催化剂CoP/TiO2。
4.一种权利要求1或2所述的CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂的应用,所述CoP/TiO2复合光催化剂可用于光催化分解水制氢反应中。
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CN113559881A (zh) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-29 | 吉林化工学院 | 一种复合光催化剂、制备方法及其在分解水制氢中的应用 |
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