CN105887520A - 一种pla棉混纺面料 - Google Patents

一种pla棉混纺面料 Download PDF

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CN105887520A
CN105887520A CN201610361404.2A CN201610361404A CN105887520A CN 105887520 A CN105887520 A CN 105887520A CN 201610361404 A CN201610361404 A CN 201610361404A CN 105887520 A CN105887520 A CN 105887520A
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pla
cotton blended
acid
fabric
cotton
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韦信礼
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Changxing Baosheng Textile Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料:(1)预处理:(2)复合酶处理;预处理后,将聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在复合酶中浸渍处理;其中,酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶、植酸酶、儿茶酚氧化酶混合处理;(3)酸性染色:将步骤(2)酶处理后的聚乳酸/棉混纺织物以酸性染料进行染色处理;其中,染液处方及条件为:酸性染料2~3g/L、元明粉12g/L、平平加 O/%( omf) 0.3%、pH4、保持温度50℃,10分钟后,升温至70‑80℃,保持60‑70min,浴比1∶25;(4)水洗后处理:将步骤(3)染色后聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在60~80℃进行水洗处理5~20min、浴比1∶5~30。

Description

一种 PLA 棉混纺面料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种PLA棉混纺面料及其制备工艺,属于纺织面料领域。
背景技术
聚乳酸( polylactic acid,简称PLA) 纤维是可降解新型纤维材料,是美国Cargill ( 嘉吉) 与Du-Pont ( 杜邦) 公司联合开发的可再生新材料,既可用作新型纺织面料,也可用于可降解食品包装材料。其通过乳酸二聚后再开环聚合制成聚乳酸树脂切片,可经过纺丝制备纤维,亦可与石油基塑料共混制备新型可降解塑料。将聚乳酸树脂溶剂法或通过熔融纺丝而制成PLA 纤维,目前成为高分子树脂材料及纺织品绿色环保领域竞争的技术焦点。因为聚乳酸纤维染色与加工过程中存在易降解、耐碱性较差等产业化技术难题,所以染料生产行业应给予关注,并通过开发专用染料解决聚乳酸纤维及其面料染色与整理的技术问题。
PLA 纤维材料与涤纶纤维比较,具有良好的服装可加工性能,其一般特征参数如下: 纤度1. 5 dtex/38 mm,强度30 ~ 35 cN/tex,伸长率50% ~60%,回潮率0. 4% ~ 0. 6%,密度1. 25 g /cm3,熔点170℃。
聚乳酸纤维和棉纤维混纺或者交织可以优势互补,设计生产出不同风格的织物,充分发挥两种纤维的性能优点,聚乳酸纤维和棉纤维进行混纺后染色,可以有效降低织物的原料成本、缩短工艺流程、减少加工时间、减少废水的排放、提高经济效益。聚乳酸纤维混纺面料服装,有良好的透气性、抗皱性和舒适性。聚乳酸/棉混纺织物性能近似于涤/棉混纺织物,但由于聚乳酸纤维耐碱性差等原因,染深色及一浴染色所用的染料和染色工艺条件都比较苛刻,不是所有适合涤/棉混纺织物的分散染料都适合聚乳酸纤维/棉混纺织物染色。
本发明旨在提供一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料及其制备工艺,具体涉及PLA棉混纺面料的染色和改性方法,并通过大量实验验证了工艺的最优化参数,同时还联合使用菠萝蛋白酶,植酸酶,儿茶酚氧化酶对PLA棉混纺面料进行处理,这样的工艺还未见报道。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明针对目前现有技术的缺点,提供了一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料及其制备工艺,具体涉及PLA棉混纺面料的染色和改性方法,并通过大量实验验证了工艺的最优化参数,同时还联合使用菠萝蛋白酶,植酸酶,儿茶酚氧化酶对PLA棉混纺面料进行处理,这样的工艺还未见报道。
多酚氧化酶是自然界中分布极广的一种含铜生物酶,能通过催化氧化酚或多酚化合物形成对应的醌,进一步引发与其他伯胺化合物反应,形成较稳定的结合体。多酚氧化酶包括单酚氧化酶(酪氨酸酶)、双酚氧化酶(儿茶酚氧化酶)和漆酶,其中儿茶酚氧化酶主要分布在植物中,儿茶酚氧化酶( catechol oxidase,EC. 1. 10. 3. 2) 是普遍存在于植物体内的多酚氧化酶,它是使得植物褐变的主要原因。在植物( 如苹果、荔枝、菠菜、马铃薯等) 组织中,儿茶酚氧化酶是与内囊体膜结合在一起的,天然状态没有活性,但将其组织匀浆或损伤后儿茶酚氧化酶被活化,从而表现出活性。在果蔬细胞组织中,儿茶酚氧化酶存在的位置因原料的种类、品种及成熟度的不同而有差异。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料,其由如下方法制备而成:
(1)预处理:
选取聚乳酸/棉( 40 /60)的混纺织物,投入预处理液中,完全浸没,保持45-50℃处理30-40min;
所述预处理液的配方为:0.2%柠檬酸,0.8%海藻糖,其余为纯水;
(2)复合酶处理:
预处理后,将聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在复合酶中浸渍处理;
其中,酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶10U/mL、植酸酶5U/mL、儿茶酚氧化酶20-25 U/mL 、pH 8、温度38-45℃、时间20-30min、浴比1∶10;
(3)酸性染色:将步骤(2)酶处理后的聚乳酸/棉混纺织物以酸性染料进行染色处理;
其中,染液处方及条件为:酸性染料2~3g/L、元明粉12g/L、平平加 O/%( omf) 0.3%、pH4、保持温度50℃,10分钟后,升温至70-80℃,保持60-70min,浴比1∶25;
(4)水洗后处理:将步骤(3)染色后聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在60~80℃进行水洗处理5~20min、浴比1∶5~30。
所述步骤(3)的染料优选自:弱酸性艳蓝 5GM、弱酸性艳红B、弱酸性嫩黄 G、弱酸性黄 MR、弱酸性艳蓝 2BRN、弱酸性绿3GM、普拉红4B
本发明的有益之处在于:
1、使用酶法反应条件缓和:在低温近中性条件下进行完成聚乳酸/棉混纺织物的复合酶促预处理,具有能耗低、处理工艺安全环保的优点,在提高染物色深与牢度的同时,真正做到绿色生态环保;
2、染色效果好:可以显著提高染物色深与牢度的同时,还改善了透染性并且降低了后期染色时的温度,真正做到全程低温,对纤维伤害极小,得到各项指标优异的高档羊毛制品;
3、还能让面料更加柔软,吸湿性大幅提高,垂坠感强,并且更具有光泽度。
具体实施方式
实施例 1
一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料,其由如下方法制备而成:
(1)预处理:
选取聚乳酸/棉( 40 /60)的混纺织物,投入预处理液中,完全浸没,保持45℃处理40min;
所述预处理液的配方为:0.2%柠檬酸,0.8%海藻糖,其余为纯水;
(2)复合酶处理:
预处理后,将聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在复合酶中浸渍处理;
其中,酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶10U/mL、植酸酶5U/mL、儿茶酚氧化酶20 U/mL 、pH 8、温度45℃、时间20min、浴比1∶10;
(3)酸性染色:将步骤(2)酶处理后的聚乳酸/棉混纺织物以酸性染料进行染色处理;
其中,染液处方及条件为:酸性染料3g/L、元明粉12g/L、平平加 O/%( omf) 0.3%、pH4、保持温度50℃,10分钟后,升温至70℃,保持70min,浴比1∶25;
(4)水洗后处理:将步骤(3)染色后聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在60℃进行水洗处理20min、浴比1∶5。
结果:
得到的PLA棉混纺面料进行测定,结果显示:染色深度K/S为18.9,棉沾色牢度5级,PLA沾色牢度5级,还能让面料更加柔软,吸湿性大幅提高20%,垂坠感强,并且更具有光泽度。
实施例 2
一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料,其由如下方法制备而成:
(1)预处理:
选取聚乳酸/棉( 40 /60)的混纺织物,投入预处理液中,完全浸没,保持50℃处理30min;
所述预处理液的配方为:0.2%柠檬酸,0.8%海藻糖,其余为纯水;
(2)复合酶处理:
预处理后,将聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在复合酶中浸渍处理;
其中,酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶10U/mL、植酸酶5U/mL、儿茶酚氧化酶25 U/mL 、pH 8、温度38℃、时间30min、浴比1∶10;
(3)酸性染色:将步骤(2)酶处理后的聚乳酸/棉混纺织物以酸性染料进行染色处理;
其中,染液处方及条件为:酸性染料2g/L、元明粉12g/L、平平加 O/%( omf) 0.3%、pH4、保持温度50℃,10分钟后,升温至80℃,保持60min,浴比1∶25;
(4)水洗后处理:将步骤(3)染色后聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在80℃进行水洗处理5min、浴比1∶30。
结果:
得到的PLA棉混纺面料进行测定,结果显示:染色深度K/S为16.7,棉沾色牢度5级,PLA沾色牢度5级,还能让面料更加柔软,吸湿性大幅提高46%,垂坠感强,并且更具有光泽度。
实施例 3
一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料,其由如下方法制备而成:
(1)预处理:
选取聚乳酸/棉( 40 /60)的混纺织物,投入预处理液中,完全浸没,保持46℃处理31min;
所述预处理液的配方为:0.2%柠檬酸,0.8%海藻糖,其余为纯水;
(2)复合酶处理:
预处理后,将聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在复合酶中浸渍处理;
其中,酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶10U/mL、植酸酶5U/mL、儿茶酚氧化酶21 U/mL 、pH 8、温度39℃、时间21min、浴比1∶10;
(3)酸性染色:将步骤(2)酶处理后的聚乳酸/棉混纺织物以酸性染料进行染色处理;
其中,染液处方及条件为:酸性染料3g/L、元明粉12g/L、平平加 O/%( omf) 0.3%、pH4、保持温度50℃,10分钟后,升温至71℃,保持61min,浴比1∶25;
(4)水洗后处理:将步骤(3)染色后聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在70℃进行水洗处理6min、浴比1∶6。
结果:
得到的PLA棉混纺面料进行测定,结果显示:染色深度K/S为18.8,棉沾色牢度5级,PLA沾色牢度5级,还能让面料更加柔软,吸湿性大幅提高21%,垂坠感强,并且更具有光泽度。
实施例 4
一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料,其由如下方法制备而成:
(1)预处理:
选取聚乳酸/棉( 40 /60)的混纺织物,投入预处理液中,完全浸没,保持49℃处理39min;
所述预处理液的配方为:0.2%柠檬酸,0.8%海藻糖,其余为纯水;
(2)复合酶处理:
预处理后,将聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在复合酶中浸渍处理;
其中,酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶10U/mL、植酸酶5U/mL、儿茶酚氧化酶24 U/mL 、pH 8、温度44℃、时间29min、浴比1∶10;
(3)酸性染色:将步骤(2)酶处理后的聚乳酸/棉混纺织物以酸性染料进行染色处理;
其中,染液处方及条件为:酸性染料2g/L、元明粉12g/L、平平加 O/%( omf) 0.3%、pH4、保持温度50℃,10分钟后,升温至79℃,保持69min,浴比1∶25;
(4)水洗后处理:将步骤(3)染色后聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在61℃进行水洗处理19min、浴比1∶29。
结果:
得到的PLA棉混纺面料进行测定,结果显示:染色深度K/S为16.8,棉沾色牢度5级,PLA沾色牢度5级,还能让面料更加柔软,吸湿性大幅提高45%,垂坠感强,并且更具有光泽度。
实施例 5:透染性测评
透染性越好,染料在纤维上吸附扩散越充分,纤维表面浮色越少,湿牢度也越好。
表1为对实施例1-4制备得到的PLA棉混纺面料进行检测得到的结果。
表1透染性测定
检测项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
透染性 完全透染 完全透染 完全透染 完全透染
此检测数据只针对上述检测样品。
由此可见,本发明使用酶法反应条件缓和:在低温近中性条件下进行完成聚乳酸/棉混纺织物的复合酶促预处理,具有能耗低、处理工艺安全环保的优点,在提高染物色深与牢度的同时,真正做到绿色生态环保;可以显著提高染物色深与牢度的同时,还改善了透染性并且降低了后期染色时的温度,真正做到全程低温,对纤维伤害极小,得到各项指标优异的高档羊毛制品;还能让面料更加柔软,吸湿性大幅提高,垂坠感强,并且更具有光泽度。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种新型的PLA棉混纺面料,其由如下方法制备而成:
(1)预处理:
选取聚乳酸/棉( 40 /60)的混纺织物,投入预处理液中,完全浸没,保持45-50℃处理30-40min;
所述预处理液的配方为:0.2%柠檬酸,0.8%海藻糖,其余为纯水;
(2)复合酶处理:
预处理后,将聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在复合酶中浸渍处理;
其中,酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶、植酸酶、儿茶酚氧化酶混合处理;
(3)酸性染色:将步骤(2)酶处理后的聚乳酸/棉混纺织物以酸性染料进行染色处理;
其中,染液处方及条件为:酸性染料2~3g/L、元明粉12g/L、平平加 O/%( omf) 0.3%、pH4、保持温度50℃,10分钟后,升温至70-80℃,保持60-70min,浴比1∶25;
(4)水洗后处理:将步骤(3)染色后聚乳酸/棉混纺织物在60~80℃进行水洗处理5~20min、浴比1∶5~30。
2.权利要求1所述的PLA棉混纺面料,其特征在于:
所述步骤(3)的染料优选自:弱酸性艳蓝 5GM、弱酸性艳红B、弱酸性嫩黄 G、弱酸性黄 MR、弱酸性艳蓝 2BRN、弱酸性绿3GM、普拉红4B。
3.权利要求1所述的PLA棉混纺面料,其特征在于:
步骤(3)酶处理工艺条件为:菠萝蛋白酶10U/mL、植酸酶5U/mL、儿茶酚氧化酶20-25 U/mL 、pH 8、温度38-45℃、时间20-30min、浴比1∶10。
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