CN105884335A - 一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 7
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract 2
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种陶瓷的制备方法,提供一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法,采用该方法省略了烧成后的施釉步骤,缩短产品生产周期,尤其是生产成本的降低,同时制得的产品保留了陶瓷品表面的平整、光亮,产品外观仍具有似经施釉处理后的通透洁净感。包括以下重量份的各原料:50~55重量份的高岭土、38~42重量份的钾钠长石、3~5重量份的石英、1~2重量份的滑石粉;制备方法的步骤包括:上述原料处理为泥坯后在烧制时,通过分阶段线性升温方式将泥坯由室温逐渐加热烧制,每阶段升温的升温曲线为y=k×P×t,y为温度℃、P是窑炉功率、t为时间min,系数k的值为0≤k≤1。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷的制备方法,尤其涉及一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷制品的制备方法通常包括先烧制泥坯再于烧成的泥坯产品表面施釉面,共同组成现代高亮光洁的陶瓷器皿,德化白瓷以其产品制作精细,质地坚密,晶莹如玉,釉面滋润似脂,故有“象牙白”、“猪油白”、“鹅绒白”等美称,在我国白瓷系统中具有独特的风格,现有白瓷制备方法为达到此种效果更是离不开上等的瓷土和特制的釉料,然而特制的釉料在使瓷器表面达到预期效果的同时也因此增加工序延长了制作时间,提高生产成本,且釉的重金属含量在日用陶瓷器皿中也较容易引起现代人们的担忧。
中国专利CN104058727B的发明专利提供一种仿古自然成色瓷,提出了生产不施釉的陶瓷产品制作方法,解决了现有技术中釉含有重金属的问题,但在制成品的成色上只能具有仿古质感,而没有现代陶瓷尤其是德化白瓷的洁白通透感,市场受众有限。
发明内容
因此,针对以上内容,本发明提供一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法,采用该方法省略了烧成后的施釉步骤,缩短产品生产周期,尤其是生产成本的降低,同时制得的产品保留了陶瓷品表面的平整、光亮,产品外观仍具有似经施釉处理后的通透洁净感。
为达到上述目的,本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的各原料:50~55重量份的高岭土、38~42重量份的钾钠长石、3~5重量份的石英、1~2重量份的滑石粉;
制备方法的步骤包括:上述原料处理为泥坯后在烧制时,通过分阶段线性升温方式将泥坯由室温逐渐加热烧制,每阶段升温的升温曲线为y=k×P×t,y为温度℃、P是窑炉功率、t为时间min,系数k的值为0≤k≤1;
烧成时窑炉功率恒定,可通过系数k控制,设定窑炉内的温度在时间t内逐渐升到温度y,达到该阶段的温度y后即进入下一阶段的温度升温;具体的各阶段温度与时间控制如下:
第一阶段y=390~410℃,t=80~100,k=0.7;
第二阶段y=790~810℃,t=80~100,k=0.9;
第三阶段y=1150~1170℃,t=120~150,k=1;
第四阶段y=1270~1290℃,t=100~150min,k=1;
第五阶段y=1310~1330℃,t=50~70,k=1;
第六阶段y=1311~1331℃,t=8~15,k=1;
第七阶段y=1260~1280℃,t=5~10,k=0.01;
第八阶段y=1260~1280℃,t=50~80,k=1;
进一步的改进是:所述各原料按重量份为50~55重量份的广西高岭土,38~42重量份的印尼钾钠长石,3~5重量份的江西石英,1~2重量份的福建滑石粉。
进一步的改进是:包括以下重量份的各原料:54重量份的广西高岭土、40重量份的印尼钾钠长石、5重量份的江西石英、1重量份的福建滑石粉。
进一步的改进是:还包括1750~1770重量份的水玻璃。
进一步的改进是:还包括1765重量份的水玻璃溶液。
进一步的改进是:在分阶段线性升温前还对原料进行处理,所述原料处理方式为:将高岭土各原料混合搅拌后研磨38小时得到坯粉;对坯粉过120目筛,反复三次得到精坯粉;除铁;注浆处理为浆料;注入模具成型为泥坯。
进一步的改进是:所述分阶段线性升温每阶段的升温情况为:第一阶段y=400℃,t=90,k=0.7;第二阶段y=800℃,t为90,k=0.9;第三阶段y=1160℃,t为140min,k=1;第四阶段y=1280℃,t=120min,k=1;第五阶段y=1320℃,t=60,k=1;第六阶段y=1321℃,t=10,k=1;第七阶段y=1270℃,t=5,k=0.01;第八阶段y=1270℃,t=60,k=1。
通过采用前述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:本发明的一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法,从原料的筛选上只使用高岭土、钾钠长石、石英、滑石粉,经研磨过筛后得的泥坯影响烧成的金属成份较少,氧化硅类较多,构成良好的烧成基础,再经控制下的线性升温烧制,使泥坯得到坚实致密,滑润洁白,表面细腻如玉,通透度好的特点,自然冷却后保留了瓷土的本色,且在不施釉的情况下具有类似已经施釉的表面效果,可节省调制特制釉料及上釉的工艺步骤,从而节省产品制作时间和降低生产成本。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题,并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
若未特别指明,实施例中所采用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段,所采用的试剂和产品也均为可商业获得的。所用试剂的来源、商品名以及有必要列出其组成成分者,均在首次出现时标明。
本发明的实施例一:
一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法:
步骤一,将按重量份计的原料:52重量份的高岭土、43重量份的钾钠长石、3重量份的石英、2重量份的滑石粉,与1765重量份的水玻璃溶液混合搅拌后研磨38小时得到坯粉;
步骤二,将上述坯粉过120目筛,反复三次,得到精坯粉;
步骤三,对经步骤二处理后的精坯粉进行除铁;
步骤四,对步骤三处理后的精坯粉注浆处理为浆料;
步骤五,浆料注入模具成型为泥坯;
步骤六,通过分阶段线性升温曲线y=kpt将所述泥坯由室温逐渐加热烧制,每阶段的工艺数值如下:
第一阶段y=390℃,t=90,k=0.7,进行泥坯烘干,排除水分;
第二阶段y=790℃,t为90,k=0.9,预热烧成,承接进一步升温,保证泥坯受热均匀;第三阶段y=1150℃,t为140min,k=1;第四阶段y=1270℃,t=120min,k=1;第五阶段y=1310℃,t=60,k=1;上述烧成使泥坯的内部反应温和,有利于氧化硅经烧制后形成通透洁净感;
第六阶段y=1313℃,t=10,k=1;使泥坯与承接板之间的部位烧熟,不留下质量不一致的区域;
第七阶段y=1260℃,t=5,k=0.01;低功率的降温处理,使泥坯的致密性定型,表面保持光滑稳定;第八阶段y=1260℃,t=60,k=1,定型;
步骤七,自然冷却,得到陶瓷品。
实施例二:
一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法:
将按重量份计的原料:54重量份的广西高岭土,40重量份的印尼钾钠长石,5重量份的江西石英,1重量份的福建滑石粉,与1765重量份的水玻璃溶液混合搅拌后研磨38小时得到坯粉;对坯粉过120目筛,反复三次得到精坯粉;除铁;注浆处理为浆料;注入模具成型为泥坯。
所述泥坯的烧制是:
第一阶段y=350℃,t=90,k=0.7,进行泥坯烘干,排除水分;
第二阶段y=750℃,t为90,k=0.9,预热烧成,承接进一步升温,保证泥坯受热均匀;第三阶段y=1100℃,t为140min,k=1;第四阶段y=1250℃,t=120min,k=1;第五阶段y=1300℃,t=60,k=1;上述烧成使泥坯的内部反应温和,有利于氧化硅经烧制后形成通透洁净感;
第六阶段y=1321℃,t=10,k=1;使泥坯与承接板之间的部位烧熟,不留下质量不一致的区域;
第七阶段y=1270℃,t=5,k=0.01;低功率的降温处理,使泥坯的致密性定型,表面保持光滑稳定;第八阶段y=1270℃,t=60,k=1,定型;
步骤七,自然冷却,得到陶瓷品。
上述广西高岭土为产地我国广西省地区,印尼钾钠长石为产地印度尼西亚地区,江西石英为产地我国江西地区,福建滑石粉为产地我国福建地区,均为市场上能够明确购买的产品。
以上所记载,仅为利用本创作技术内容的实施例,任何熟悉本项技艺者运用本创作所做的修饰、变化,皆属本创作主张的专利范围,而不限于实施例所揭示者。
Claims (7)
1.一种免施釉白瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的各原料:50~55重量份的高岭土、38~42重量份的钾钠长石、3~5重量份的石英、1~2重量份的滑石粉;
制备方法的步骤包括:上述原料处理为泥坯后在烧制时,通过分阶段线性升温方式将泥坯由室温逐渐加热烧制,每阶段升温的升温曲线为y=k×P×t,y为温度℃、P是窑炉功率、t为时间min,系数k的值为0≤k≤1;
第一阶段y=390~410℃,t=80~100,k=0.7;
第二阶段y=790~810℃,t=80~100,k=0.9;
第三阶段y=1150~1170℃,t=120~150,k=1;
第四阶段y=1270~1290℃,t=100~150min,k=1;
第五阶段y=1310~1330℃,t=50~70,k=1;
第六阶段y=1313~1331℃,t=8~15,k=1;
第七阶段y=1260~1280℃,t=5~10,k=0.01;
第八阶段y=1260~1280℃,t=50~80,k=1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的免施釉白瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述各原料按重量份为50~55重量份的广西高岭土,38~42重量份的印尼钾钠长石,3~5重量份的江西石英,1~2重量份的福建滑石粉。
3.根据权利要求2所述的免施釉白瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的各原料:54重量份的广西高岭土、40重量份的印尼钾钠长石、5重量份的江西石英、1重量份的福建滑石粉。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的免施釉白瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:还包括1750~1770重量份的水玻璃。
5.根据权利要求4所述的免施釉白瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:还包括1765重量份的水玻璃溶液。
6.根据权利要求5所述的免施釉白瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:在分阶段线性升温前还对原料进行处理,所述原料处理方式为:将高岭土各原料混合搅拌后研磨38小时得到坯粉;对坯粉过120目筛,反复三次得到精坯粉;除铁;注浆处理为浆料;注入模具成型为泥坯。
7.根据权利要求6所述的免施釉白瓷的制备方法,,其特征在于:所述分阶段线性升温每阶段的升温情况为:第一阶段y=400℃,t=90,k=0.7;第二阶段y=800℃,t为90,k=0.9;第三阶段y=1160℃,t为140min,k=1;第四阶段y=1280℃,t=120min,k=1;第五阶段y=1320℃,t=60,k=1;第六阶段y=1321℃,t=10,k=1;第七阶段y=1270℃,t=5,k=0.01;第八阶段y=1270℃,t=60,k=1。
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