CN105878199B - 一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药制剂技术领域,涉及传统中药左金方的新剂型及其制备方法,特别涉及一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片及其制备方法。本发明制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片由下述质量配比的加味左金提取物和辅料制备而成:加味左金提取物、HPMC K4M、魔芋葡甘聚糖、卡波姆934、透明质酸、碳酸氢钠、微粉硅胶、硬脂酸镁、乳糖;与现有技术比较,本发明在原有左金方的配方基础上,加入一定配比的延胡索,能够理气止痛、快速缓解症状,标本兼治。本发明制备的漂浮黏附片不需要患者多次喝水以保证制剂不被排空,也不要求患者保持特定的体位,患者的服药顺应性大大增加,疗效显著。本发明制备工艺简单,适合企业规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药制剂技术领域,涉及传统中药左金方的新剂型及其制备方法,特别涉及一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片及其制备方法。
背景技术
左金方出自《丹溪心法》,由君药黄连和佐使药吴茱萸按6:1重量比例组成,被各药典收载,其药性偏寒,主治肝郁化火、胃失和降、肋痛脘痞、呕吐吞酸、嘈杂似饥、脉弦数而口苦舌赤等偏于胃火较甚者。现代医理研究表明左金方有抗溃疡、保护胃粘膜、抑制胃酸分泌、影响胃肠运动的作用。左金方水提液能明显抑制幽门结扎术大鼠为溃疡模型的胃液和胃酸分泌量,目前临床常用于急慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡。
目前左金方已经被开发成多种制剂,如普通的片剂、胶囊剂等,这些制剂和丸剂没有本质的区别,一日三次,服药频繁;另外还有现代制剂滴丸、胃滞留制剂等,这些制剂或者起效快,药效维持时间短,或者能在胃内缓慢释放药物,维持比较长时间的疗效,但需要患者大量饮水和保持立位。这些制剂的处方原型都是左金丸,处方较简单,尽管能一定程度起到治疗作用,但不能较快的缓解症状。申请号为201110002812.6的中国发明专利公开了左金抗幽漂浮片及其制备方法,该发明具有释药缓慢、可减少服用量及服药次数、增强治疗效果等特点,但是本发明制备的左金抗幽漂浮片服用后需患者需长时间保持立位,并定时饮用大量的水,以保证制剂漂浮,滞留于胃中而不被排空入小肠,给患者带来诸多不便,患者的服药顺应性较差。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,可快速缓解症状、提高药物的生物利用度,提高患者服药顺应性。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述加味左金胃漂浮黏附片的制备方法,该方法工艺简单,适合企业规模化生产。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,由下述质量配比的加味左金提取物和辅料制备而成:加味左金提取物39.5-40.5%、HPMC K4M 15-17%、魔芋葡甘聚糖10-10.5%、卡波姆934 9-10%、透明质酸5-5.5%、碳酸氢钠9.5-10.5%、微粉硅胶0.3-0.5%、硬脂酸镁0.4-0.6%、乳糖8.0-8.5%;其中加味左金提取物是黄连、吴茱萸、延胡索按照质量比6:1:(9-11)制备而成。
上述加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,优选地,由下述质量配比的加味左金提取物和辅料制备而成:加味左金提取物40%、HPMC K4M 16%、魔芋葡甘聚糖10.2%、卡波姆934 9.6%、透明质酸5.2%、碳酸氢钠10%、微粉硅胶0.4%、硬脂酸镁0.5%、乳糖8.1%;其中加味左金提取物是黄连、吴茱萸、延胡索按照质量比6:1:10制备而成。
上述加味左金提取物采用以下步骤制备:按质量比称取黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索,加入酒精度为75-85%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取2-3次,每次1.2-1.6h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.14-0.16g/mL,将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为65-75%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,干燥,得加味左金提取物;其中酒精度为75-85%乙醇溶液的加入量为每克黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索混合物中加入7-9mL。
优选地,所述的大孔吸附树脂型号为D101。
一种如权利要求4所述的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备加味左金提取物:按质量比称取黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索,加入75-85%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取2-3次,每次1.2-1.6h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.14-0.16g/mL,将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为65-75%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,干燥,得加味左金提取物;其中酒精度为75-85%乙醇溶液的加入量为每克黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索混合物中加入7-9mL;
(2)制备胃漂浮黏附片:取上述加味左金提取物,HPMC K4M、魔芋葡甘聚糖、卡波姆934、透明质酸、碳酸氢钠、微粉硅胶分别过80目筛,按等量递增法混合均匀,加入硬脂酸镁、乳糖,压片。
优选地,步骤(1)所述的将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂柱进行动态吸附的流速为1.8-2.2BV/h;蒸馏水洗脱速度为1.8-2.2BV/h,洗脱体积为2.9-3.5BV;酒精度为65-75%乙醇洗脱速度为2.9-3.5BV/h,洗脱体积为3.8-4.5BV。
优选地,步骤(1)所述的按质量比称取黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索,加入8倍质量的80%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取3次,每次1.5h。
本发明制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,主要由加味左金提取物、骨架凝胶材料、黏附材料、产气剂与填充剂构成,骨架凝胶材料与胃液接触,胃液渗入凝胶材料内部发生水化作用,在片剂周围形成一层稠厚的凝胶屏障。在胃漂浮黏附片的制备中,理想的凝胶材料应具有亲水性和合适的水化速率,达到制剂起漂时间短、持续漂浮时间长、释放速率合适的要求。本制剂使用合适配比的HPMC K4M和魔芋葡甘聚糖,可控制水化作用的快慢以及保持凝胶时间的长短,再结合适当配比的卡波姆934和透明质酸能增强该制剂在胃内的黏附性能,与HPMC K4M和魔芋葡甘聚糖联用能获得最佳的漂浮时间。产气剂碳酸氢钠与酸性胃液接触后发生反应生成二氧化碳气体,被表面凝胶捕获,使制剂体积膨胀,制剂的密度减小,获得足够大的漂浮力而漂浮于胃液上,与胃上部产生黏附。
优化HPMC K4M、魔芋葡甘聚糖和产气剂碳酸氢钠的比例,最终制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片可在体外试验中1分钟内起漂且持漂时间大于12小时,且体外释放12小时后骨架仍然基本保持完整,结果表明该片剂具有良好的体外漂浮性能。同时在自制的黏附测定装置中达到一定的黏附力,制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片在0.1M HCl溶液中1小时的释放量小于标示量的20%。
有益效果
(1)与现有技术比较,本发明在原有左金方的配方基础上,加入一定配比的延胡索,能够理气止痛、快速缓解症状,标本兼治。
(2)本发明制备的漂浮黏附片不但可以达到缓释效果,而且患者服用后,借助服药用水的漂浮性,该漂浮黏附片能牢固的黏附在胃上部内壁而不受胃排空的影响,可以长时间滞留在胃中,患者不需要多次喝水以保证制剂漂浮在胃内容物的上部不被排空,也不要求患者保持特定的体位,患者的服药顺应性大大增加,而且该漂浮黏附片延长了药物的作用时间,维持血药浓度平衡,疗效显著。
(3)本发明制备工艺简单,适合企业规模化生产。
附图说明:
图1为黏附力测定装置示意图;
图2为实施例1加味左金胃漂浮黏附片释放曲线;
图3为实施例2加味左金胃漂浮黏附片释放曲线;
图4为实施例3加味左金胃漂浮黏附片释放曲线;
图5为对比例1加味左金胃漂浮黏附片释放曲线;
图6为对比例2加味左金胃漂浮片释放曲线;
图7为实施例3加味左金胃漂浮黏附片体内药物吸收-时间曲线;
图8为对比例1加味左金胃漂浮黏附片体内药物吸收-时间曲线;
图9为对比例2加味左金胃漂浮片体内药物吸收-时间曲线。
具体实施方式
结合实施例和对比例对本发明作进一步的说明,应该说明的是,下述说明仅是为了解释本发明,并不对其内容进行限定。
实施例1
一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,由以下步骤制备:
(1)制备加味左金提取物:称取黄连60g、吴茱萸10g和延胡索90g,加入1120mL酒精度为75%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取2次,每次1.2h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.14g/mL,将浓缩液通过D101大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为65%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,回收乙醇,蒸干,减压干燥,粉碎备用,得加味左金提取物;其中浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂柱进行动态吸附的流速为1.8BV/h;蒸馏水洗脱速度为1.8BV/h,洗脱体积为2.9BV;65%乙醇洗脱速度为2.9BV/h,洗脱体积为3.8BV。
(2)制备胃漂浮黏附片:称取上述加味左金提取物39.5g,HPMC K4M 15g、魔芋葡甘聚糖10g、卡波姆934 10g、透明质酸5.5g、碳酸氢钠10.5g、微粉硅胶0.5g分别过80目筛,按等量递增法混合均匀,加入硬脂酸镁0.5g、乳糖8.5g,以硬度3-4kg/cm2进行粉末直接压片,每片的重量为400±20mg。
实施例2
一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,由以下步骤制备:
(1)制备加味左金提取物:称取黄连60g、吴茱萸10g和延胡索110g入1620mL 85%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取3次,每次1.6h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.16g/mL,将浓缩液通过D101大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为75%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,回收乙醇,蒸干,减压干燥,粉碎备用,得加味左金提取物;其中将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂柱进行动态吸附的流速为2.2BV/h;蒸馏水洗脱速度为2.2BV/h,洗脱体积为3.5BV;酒精度为75%乙醇洗脱速度为3.5BV/h,洗脱体积为4.5BV。
(2)制备胃漂浮制剂:按质量配比称取上述加味左金提取物40.5g,HPMC K4M 17g、魔芋葡甘聚糖10g、卡波姆934 9g、透明质酸5g、碳酸氢钠9.5g、微粉硅胶0.3g分别过80目筛,按等量递增法混合均匀,加入硬脂酸镁0.4g、乳糖8.3g,以硬度3-4kg/cm2进行粉末直接压片,每片的重量为400±20mg。
实施例3
一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,由以下步骤制备:
(1)制备加味左金提取物:称取黄连60g、吴茱萸10g和延胡索100g入1360mL 酒精度为80%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取3次,每次1.5h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.15g/mL,将浓缩液通过D101大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为70%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,回收乙醇,蒸干,减压干燥,粉碎备用,得加味左金提取物;其中将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂柱进行动态吸附的流速为2BV/h;蒸馏水洗脱速度为2BV/h,洗脱体积为3BV;酒精度为70%乙醇洗脱速度为3BV/h,洗脱体积为4BV。
(2)制备胃漂浮黏附片:按质量配比称取上述加味左金提取物40g、HPMC K4M 16g、魔芋葡甘聚糖10.2g、卡波姆934 9.6g、透明质酸5.2g、碳酸氢钠10g、微粉硅胶0.4g,分别过80目筛,按等量递增法混合均匀,加入硬脂酸镁0.5g、乳糖8.1g,以硬度3-4kg/cm2进行粉末直接压片,每片的重量为400±20mg。
对比例1
一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,由以下步骤制备:
(1)制备加味左金提取物:称取黄连60g、吴茱萸10g和延胡索100g入1360mL酒精度为80%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取3次,每次1.5h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.15g/mL,将浓缩液通过D101大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为70%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,回收乙醇,蒸干,减压干燥,粉碎备用,得加味左金提取物;其中将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂柱进行动态吸附的流速为2BV/h;蒸馏水洗脱速度为2BV/h,洗脱体积为3BV;酒精度为70%乙醇洗脱速度为3BV/h,洗脱体积为4BV。
(2)制备胃漂浮黏附片:按质量配比称取上述加味左金提取物9g、羟丙甲基纤维素K4M 50.5g、卡波姆971p 10.1g、碳酸氢钠 10.1g、微晶纤维素19.3g依照等量递增法充分混合均匀,过筛混匀,采用外加法加入硬脂酸镁1g,充分混匀后,采用粉末直接压片法制备加味左金胃漂浮黏附片。
对比例2
一种加味左金胃漂浮片,由以下步骤制备:
(1)制备加味左金提取物:称取黄连60g、吴茱萸10g和延胡索100g入1360mL 酒精度为80%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取3次,每次1.5h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.15g/mL,将浓缩液通过D101大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为70%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,回收乙醇,蒸干,减压干燥,粉碎备用,得加味左金提取物;其中将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂柱进行动态吸附的流速为2BV/h;蒸馏水洗脱速度为2BV/h,洗脱体积为3BV;酒精度为70%乙醇洗脱速度为3BV/h,洗脱体积为4BV。
(2)制备胃漂浮片:按质量配比称取上述加味左金提取物73g,羟丙基甲基纤维素7g、十八醇10g、碳酸氢钠1g、聚乙二醇6000 4g,混合均匀后,加入1g硬脂酸镁,加入1g质量的淀粉,混合均匀后过80目筛,再加入卡波姆3g混合均匀,以硬度3-4kg/cm2进行粉末直接压片,每片的重量为400±20mg。
1.性能测试方法:
1.1黏附性测定方法:粘膜的制备:取禁食24 h的大鼠数只,处死,取胃,用生理盐水洗净胃内容物,然后将胃黏膜浸泡保存备用(-20℃冷冻);实验前在(2-4)℃解冻一夜,再室温放置2h,即可使用。
将药片用胶水固定在背面带挂钩的不锈钢薄片(B)上,将胃组织剪切成1×3cm小段,固定于1×2cm背面带挂钩的不锈钢薄片(A)上,取B用人工胃液溶液一滴,滴于药片表面浸润5 min后与A接触,并给予l00g压力,维持30秒钟,将A挂钩垂直固定,在B挂钩上挂上贮液袋,通过贮液袋C以5ml/L的速度向塑料袋中加水,直至因拉力过大而脱落,称取塑料袋中水的重量,即为组织黏附力大小。黏附力测定装置示意图见图1
A、B为带挂钩的不锈钢薄片;A、B之间为离体胃粘膜和药片;C为贮液袋
体外初黏附力结果见表1
表1
1.2释放度:根据《中国药典》2000版二部附录XD第一法采用溶出度测定法(附录XC第一法)的装置,取加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,以1000mL人工胃液为溶剂,转速为每分钟100转,分别于1,2,3,4,8,12小时取溶液5ml,同时补加相同温度、相同体积的人工胃液,所取样品立即过滤,取滤液采用高效液相法进行测定。在实验过程中,可以发现加味左金胃漂浮黏附片始终漂浮在人工胃液中,达到加味左金方在胃液中的定位释放作用,释放度结果见附图2-6。
2.动物药效学实验测试
2.1药物吸收时间测定
给狗服用以下三种制剂来检测体内血浓水平,相当于左金方2.24g/只本发明实施例3制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片;对比例1制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片;对比例2制备的加味左金胃漂浮片,血样通过高效液相色谱法进行测定,结果见附图7-9。
由附图可以看出:服用实施例3制备的加味左金黏附漂浮片后,血药浓度快速上升,在高位维持时间达10h,血浓平稳,维持时间长,12小时服用一次可以维持较为平稳的血药浓度;服用对比例2的加味左金胃漂浮片,制剂有突释效应,药物释放不完全,所以血浓较低,维持时间较短;服用对比例1制备的加味左金黏附漂浮片后,药物释放更快,血浓过高,维持时间最短。本发明制备的加味左金漂浮黏附片剂能黏附在胃壁,减小了药物与胃液的接触,直接透过黏膜进入血液,提高了生物利用度。
2.2对本发明抑制幽门螺旋杆菌的作用和止痛效果进行研究
(1)受试动物:小鼠70只,体重 18-22g,购自上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司,动物合格证号:SCXK(沪 2015-0005)。小鼠饲养温度 (22±1)℃,相对湿度 (65±10)%,照明时间每天12h。
(2)使用方法:小鼠70只,随机分为7组,分别为实施例组、抗生素组、给药抗生素组、对比例组1、对比例组2、左金方组、生理盐水组;实施例组提前灌服实施例3制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片3天,抗生素组提前灌服抗生素三天,给药抗生素组提前灌服实施例3制备的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片同时灌服抗生素3天,对比例组1提前灌服对比例1制备的加味左金片3天,对比例组2提前灌服对比例2制备的加味左金片3天,左金方组提前灌服市售左金片(江苏晨牌药业集团股份有限公司)3天、生理盐水组提前灌服生理盐水3天,以上给药剂量均以相当于左金方18.2mg/只,抗生素0.208万单位/只, 生理盐水与药物制剂、抗生素均以0.2ml/10g灌服,然后70只小鼠同时给予幽门螺旋杆菌造模,造模八周后处死小鼠,用快速尿素酶试验、Giemsa染色和微需氧细菌培养检测幽门螺旋杆菌感染率,幽门螺旋杆菌感染率及小鼠翘尾、蹦跳、嘶叫等不安现象,结果见表2
表2
由表中可以看出,抗生素灌服后造模,成功率100%,因为抗生素能干扰胃肠道菌群平衡,容易造模。其次是生理盐水组,因为没有服用任何药物感染率较高,在加味左金黏附漂浮剂的保护下,即使同时服用抗生素,其感染率也明显低于生理盐水组。实施例组的作用最好,与其他组对比效果明显。实验过程中,同时观察了小鼠的骚动不安现象,发现感染率高的小鼠,骚动程度大;服用左金制剂的小鼠,尽管感染率较低,但骚动程度大于加味左金方组,凡是服用加味左金方组的小鼠,均观察不到明显的骚动。说明该处方有比较好的止痛作用,能提高小鼠的痛阈。
Claims (7)
1.一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,其特征在于,由下述质量配比的加味左金提取物和辅料制备而成:加味左金提取物39.5-40.5%、HPMC K4M 15-17%、魔芋葡甘聚糖10-10.5%、卡波姆934 9-10%、透明质酸5-5.5%、碳酸氢钠9.5-10.5%、微粉硅胶0.3-0.5%、硬脂酸镁0.4-0.6%、乳糖8.0-8.5%;
其中加味左金提取物是黄连、吴茱萸、延胡索按照质量比6:1:(9-11)制备而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,其特征在于,由下述质量配比的加味左金提取物和辅料制备而成:加味左金提取物40%、HPMC K4M 16%、魔芋葡甘聚糖10.2%、卡波姆934 9.6%、透明质酸5.2%、碳酸氢钠10%、微粉硅胶0.4%、硬脂酸镁0.5%、乳糖8.1%;其中加味左金提取物是黄连、吴茱萸、延胡索按照质量比6:1:10制备而成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,其特征在于,加味左金提取物采用以下步骤制备:按质量比称取黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索,加入酒精度为75-85%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取2-3次,每次1.2-1.6h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.14-0.16g/mL,将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为65-75%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,干燥,得加味左金提取物;其中酒精度为75-85%乙醇溶液的加入量为每克黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索混合物中加入7-9mL。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种加味左金胃漂浮黏附片,其特征在于,所述的大孔吸附树脂型号为D101。
5.一种如权利要求4所述的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备加味左金提取物:按质量比称取黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索,加入75-85%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取2-3次,每次1.2-1.6h,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至含生药0.14-0.16g/mL,将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂进行动态吸附,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用酒精度为65-75%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,干燥,得加味左金提取物;其中酒精度为75-85%乙醇溶液的加入量为每克黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索混合物中加入7-9mL;
(2)制备胃漂浮黏附片:取上述加味左金提取物,HPMC K4M、魔芋葡甘聚糖、卡波姆934、透明质酸、碳酸氢钠、微粉硅胶分别过80目筛,按等量递增法混合均匀,加入硬脂酸镁、乳糖,压片。
6.根据权利要求5所述的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述的将浓缩液通过大孔吸附树脂柱进行动态吸附的流速为1.8-2.2BV/h;蒸馏水洗脱速度为1.8-2.2BV/h,洗脱体积为2.9-3.5BV;酒精度为65-75%乙醇洗脱速度为2.9-3.5BV/h,洗脱体积为3.8-4.5BV。
7.根据权利要求5所述的加味左金胃漂浮黏附片制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述的按质量比称取黄连、吴茱萸和延胡索,加入8倍质量的80%乙醇溶液,加热回流提取3次,每次1.5h。
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