CN105874596B - 半导体模块 - Google Patents
半导体模块 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105874596B CN105874596B CN201580003657.6A CN201580003657A CN105874596B CN 105874596 B CN105874596 B CN 105874596B CN 201580003657 A CN201580003657 A CN 201580003657A CN 105874596 B CN105874596 B CN 105874596B
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- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor module
- capacitor
- radiator
- circuit pattern
- insulation layer
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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Abstract
本发明提供使噪声电流环路极小并增大噪声抑制效果的半导体模块。半导体模块(2)包括电路块,该电路块具有AL绝缘基板(41)、在该AL绝缘基板(41)的一面形成的电路图案(42、42a)和功率用半导体芯片(43、44);及在AL绝缘基板(41)的另一面形成的散热体(47)。电路块内施加有最大电位及最低电位的电路图案(42)经由电容器(45、46)、电路图案(42a)、及贯通AL绝缘基板(41)而配置的销(50)与散热体(47)进行电连接。由此,电路块内的电路图案的电位变化及图案与散热体间的寄生电容所产生的噪声电流在包含电容器(45、46)及销(50)的极小噪声电流环路中流动。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体模块,特别涉及电动机驱动用逆变器装置、DC-DC转换器装置等功率转换装置中使用的半导体模块(Power Module:功率模块)。
背景技术
功率转换装置中使用的半导体模块将用于功率转换的多个功率用半导体元件的芯片集成在一个封装中,在封装内部进行适合所希望的应用的电路布线,从而有助于应用装置整体的小型化。半导体模块还已知有IPM(Intelligent Power Module:智能功率模块),其搭载有用于驱动功率用半导体元件的驱动器、具备检测出过电流等异常状态并进行保护的功能的控制IC(例如参照专利文献1)。该专利文献1中,公开了构成驱动三相交流电动机的逆变器装置的半导体模块的结构例。
图12是表示使用了现有的半导体模块的逆变器装置的一个示例的电路图,图13是表示现有的半导体模块的结构例的俯视图,图14是表示现有的半导体模块的结构例的剖视图,图15是表示现有的半导体模块的安装例的剖视图。
如图12所示,现有的半导体模块10具有3组上下臂部,构成三相的逆变器电路。该半导体模块100使用IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor:绝缘栅双极晶体管)及FWD(Free Wheeling Diode:回流二极管)作为功率用半导体元件。
半导体模块100中,第1上下臂部将反向并联连接的IGBT101及FWD102、反向并联连接的IGBT103及FWD104串联连接而构成。第2上下臂部将反向并联连接的IGBT105及FWD106、反向并联连接的IGBT107及FWD108串联连接而构成。第3上下臂部将反向并联连接的IGBT109及FWD110、反向并联连接的IGBT111及FWD112串联连接而构成。第1至第3上下臂部的IGBT101、105、109的集电极端子连接到电源正极端子P,第1至第3上下臂部的IGBT103、107、111的发射极端子连接到电源负极端子N。第1至第3上下臂部各自的中点连接到主电流输出端子U、V、W。主电流输出端子U、V、W连接到电动机120的对应相的输入端子。另外,在该电路图中,对于控制IGBT101、103、IGBT105、107及IGBT109、111的控制IC省略记载。
该半导体模块100中,在电源正极端子P与电源负极端子N之间连接有串联连接的2个电容器131、132,这些电容器131、132的公共的连接点通过连接到逆变器装置的壳体来接地。
如图13及图14所示,半导体模块100的结构中,在AL(铝)绝缘基板140上形成有6个电路图案141,在各个电路图案141上搭载有IGBT芯片142及FWD芯片143。该AL绝缘基板140、电路图案141、IGBT芯片142及FWD芯片143的电路块以塞住端子壳体150的中央开口部的方式粘接在下表面。在端子壳体150成型时插入的引线端子(引线框)151搭载有控制IC152。在此状态下,引线端子151a与控制IC152之间以及控制IC152与IGBT芯片142之间通过接合线153进行电连接。此外,IGBT芯片142与FWD芯片143之间以及FWD芯片143与引线端子151b之间通过接合线154进行电连接。除此之外,如图13、图14所示,进行电路图案141与引线端子151b之间以及控制IC152与IGBT芯片142的感测发射极端子之间的电连接。之后,对端子壳体150填充树脂160,将电路块、控制IC152及接合线153、154进行树脂密封。
AL绝缘基板140还在与电路图案141的形成面相反一侧的面接合有散热体113。该散热体113用于将由IGBT芯片142及FWD芯片143产生的热量散热到外部。
该半导体模块100例如像图15所示那样安装于散热器170。即,半导体模块100配置成使散热体113隔着热化合物171与散热器170相接触。半导体模块100还安装于搭载有电容器131、132的印刷基板180,该印刷基板180通过螺钉190固定于散热器170。此时,螺钉190将电容器131、132的公共连接部分的电路图案181和散热器170进行电连接,因此,电容器131、132的公共连接点与散热器170或兼作散热器170的壳体连接,从而接地。
利用以上结构,控制IC152可通过在任意时刻对IGBT101、103、IGBT105、107及IGBT109,111进行开关控制,来将电动机120控制成所希望的转速。在进行该开关控制时产生的噪声由电容器131、132旁路并进入大地,从而得到抑制。以下,将该接地称为机壳接地。
另外,此处,半导体模块100中,以利用IGBT构成功率用半导体元件的情况为例进行了说明。然而,对于功率用半导体元件,即使使用功率晶体管或MOSFET(Metal OxideSemiconductor Field Effect Transistor:金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管),也可与IGBT同样地构成半导体模块。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利特开2013-258321号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
在现有的半导体模块中,在对功率用半导体元件进行开关控制时产生的噪声由外置的电容器进行旁路并进入大地,从而得到抑制。在现有的半导体模块中,散热体利用AL绝缘基板与电路块在直流上电绝缘。然而,在现有的半导体模块中,电路图案隔着AL绝缘基板与散热体进行电容耦合(利用图12的寄生电容114),因此,若电路图案有电位变化,则散热体的电位也因电容耦合而变化,从而辐射噪声增大。另一方面,在散热体与壳体进行电连接的情况下,伴随散热体的电位变化而产生的噪声电流经由壳体返回到模块内。但是,在散热体与壳体之间涂布有绝缘性的热化合物的情况下,根据模块的按压方式、散热面的平坦度,在散热体与壳体之间有电容耦合(图12的寄生电容115),或局部具有直接电连接部位。因此,在散热体与壳体之间的电连接部位不定,因此,噪声特性产生个体差异。此外,在将噪声电流旁路的电容器在半导体模块的外部连接的情况下,搭载该半导体模块的电路基板变得大型,此外,如图12中虚线箭头所示,噪声电流环路变大,存在噪声抑制效果较小的问题。
本发明是鉴于上述问题点而完成的,其目的在于提供一种使该噪声电流环路极小并增大噪声抑制效果的半导体模块。
解决技术问题所采用的技术手段
本发明中,为了解决上述问题,提供一种半导体模块,包括:电路块,该电路块具有电绝缘层、在该电绝缘层的一面由导电性的板或箔形成的多个电路图案和搭载于该电路图案的功率用半导体;及在电绝缘层的另一面由导电性的板形成的散热体。该半导体模块的特征在于,至少1个电路图案利用电容器贯通电绝缘层并与散热体电连接。
根据这种半导体模块,将电容器配置成贯通电绝缘层以将电路图案和散热体电连接,从而噪声电流环路极小。
发明效果
上述结构的半导体模块中,噪声电流环路极小,因此,具有可增大噪声抑制效果的优点。此外,半导体模块本身具有噪声抑制效果,因此,在组装时,无需追加、变更何种工序,就可容易地实现逆变器装置的小型化和低噪声化。
本发明的上述内容及其它目的、特征及优点可通过与示出优选实施方式作为本发明的示例的附图相关联的以下说明来变得明确。
附图说明
图1是表示使用了本发明的半导体模块的逆变器装置的一个示例的电路图。
图2是表示实施方式1所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的俯视图。
图3是图2的A-A向视剖视图。
图4是表示实施方式2所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的图,(A)是半导体模块的俯视图,(B)是表示(A)中的B部的放大截面的图。
图5是表示利用极小的噪声电流环路将电容器与散热体进行电连接的单元的变形例的图,(A)表示连接单元的第1变形例,(B)表示连接单元的第2变形例。
图6是表示实施方式3所涉及的半导体模块的第1结构例的图。
图7是表示实施方式3所涉及的半导体模块的第2结构例的图。
图8是表示实施方式4所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的图。
图9是表示实施方式5所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的图。
图10是表示实施方式3至实施方式5所涉及的半导体模块的安装例的图,(A)表示第1安装例,(B)表示第2安装例,(C)表示第3安装例,(D)表示第4安装例,(E)表示第5安装例。
图11是表示使用了半导体模块的DC-DC转换器的二次侧电路的一个示例的电路图,(A)表示使用了现有的半导体模块的电路,(B)表示使用了实施方式6所涉及的半导体模块的电路。
图12是表示使用了现有的半导体模块的逆变器装置的一个示例的电路图。
图13是表示现有的半导体模块的结构例的俯视图。
图14是表示现有的半导体模块的结构例的剖视图。
图15是表示现有的半导体模块的安装例的剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面,参照附图,以应用于逆变器装置的情况为例对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。另外,对于各实施方式,可在没有矛盾的范围内将多个实施方式组合实施。
图1是表示使用了本发明的半导体模块的逆变器装置的一个示例的电路图。
本发明的半导体模块1在电源正极端子P与电源负极端子N之间具有3组上下臂部,构成三相的逆变器电路。在该半导体模块1中,使用IGBT作为开关用的功率用半导体元件。
第1上下臂部具有IGBT11、FWD12、IGBT13及FWD14。在电源正极端子P连接有IGBT11的集电极端子和FWD12的阴极端子,在电源负极端子N连接有IGBT13的发射极端子和FWD14的阳极端子。IGBT11的发射极端子、FWD12的阳极端子、IGBT13的集电极端子及FWD14的阴极端子均相连,也连接到主电流输出端子U。
第2上下臂部具有IGBT15、FWD16、IGBT17及FWD18。在电源正极端子P连接有IGBT15的集电极端子和FWD16的阴极端子,在电源负极端子N连接有IGBT17的发射极端子和FWD18的阳极端子。IGBT15的发射极端子、FWD16的阳极端子、IGBT17的集电极端子及FWD18的阴极端子均相连,也连接到主电流输出端子V。
第3上下臂部具有IGBT19、FWD20、IGBT21及FWD22。在电源正极端子P连接有IGBT19的集电极端子和FWD20的阴极端子,在电源负极端子N连接有IGBT21的发射极端子和FWD22的阳极端子。IGBT19的发射极端子、FWD20的阳极端子、IGBT21的集电极端子及FWD22的阴极端子均相连,也连接到主电流输出端子W。
半导体模块1的主电流输出端子U、V、W分别连接到电动机30的对应相的输入端子。
在该半导体模块1中,还在施加最大电位的电源正极端子P连接有电容器23的一个端子,在施加最小电位的电源负极端子N连接有电容器24的一个端子。电容器23、24的另一端子均相连,且与半导体模块1的散热体25进行电连接。此处,电容器23、24的公共连接点在半导体模块1内贯通电绝缘层与散热体25进行电连接,使噪声电流环路极小。
半导体模块1在搭载IGBT13及FWD14的电路图案26a与散热体25之间连接有电容器26。同样,在搭载IGBT17及FWD18的电路图案27a与散热体25之间连接有电容器27,在搭载IGBT21及FWD22的电路图案28a与散热体25之间连接有电容器28。此处,电容器26、27、28在半导体模块1内贯通电绝缘层与散热体25进行电连接,使噪声电流环路极小。由此,搭载进行开关动作的IGBT13、17、21且电位变化(dv/dt)较大的电路图案26a、27a、28a利用极小的噪声电流环路连接到散热体25。
此外,搭载有IGBT13、17、21的电路图案26a、27a、28a及搭载有IGBT11、15、19的未图示的电路图案隔着电绝缘层利用寄生电容29与散热体25进行电容耦合。
此处,第1至第3上下臂部中,上臂部的噪声电流在经由寄生电容29、散热体25及电容器23流向搭载有IGBT11、15、19的未图示的电路图案的极小环路中流动。在第1至第3上下臂部的下臂部,有2种噪声电流流动。例如,若以第1上下臂部的下臂部进行说明,则第1噪声电流在经由寄生电容29、散热体25、电容器24及电源负极端子N的电位流向电路图案26a的极小环路中流动。第2噪声电流在经由寄生电容29、散热体25及电容器26流向电路图案26a的极小环路中流动。
另外,在该图1所示的示例中,半导体模块1内的电容器23、24、26、27、28不一定需要全部安装,根据噪声水平特别大的部位等的需要来安装。
该半导体模块1的散热体25进一步安装于逆变器装置的壳体,从而由电容器23、24、26、27、28旁路的噪声流动到机壳接地。
接着,对半导体模块1的具体实施方式进行说明。
图2是表示实施方式1所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的俯视图,图3是图2的A-A向视剖视图。
实施方式1所涉及的半导体模块2具有作为电绝缘层的AL绝缘基板41,在该AL绝缘基板41上形成有电路图案42,在该电路图案42上搭载有功率用半导体芯片43、44及电容器45、46。AL绝缘基板41还在与形成有电路图案42的面相反一侧的面接合有散热体47。具有AL绝缘基板41、电路图案42、功率用半导体芯片43、44及电容器45、46的电路块收纳于PPS(Poly Phenylene Sulfide:聚苯硫醚)树脂制的端子壳体48,利用环氧树脂等树脂49进行密封。
AL绝缘基板41可设为由热传导率较高的铝和热阻较小的环氧树脂、液晶聚合物等绝缘树脂的组合所形成的有机绝缘层。另外,作为电绝缘层,可设为由氮化硅等陶瓷构成的无机绝缘层,也可使用在该无机绝缘层的两面接合有铜箔的DCB(Direct Copper Bond:直接键合铜)基板。电路图案42通过对形成于AL绝缘基板41的一个面的导电性的板或箔进行蚀刻来生成,或将导电性的板粘贴到AL绝缘基板41的一个面来生成。
功率用半导体芯片43可设为图1所示的IGBT11、13、15、17、19、21,功率用半导体芯片44可设为图1所示的FWD12、14、16、18、20、22。电容器45、46可设为图1所示的电容器23、24。散热体47对应于图1所示的散热体25,由铜板或铝板构成。
根据图2所示的俯视图,电容器45、46的一个端子共通搭载在形成于具有长方形的散热体47的长边方向的大致中央的AL绝缘基板41上的电路图案42a。通过在贯穿电路图案42a、AL绝缘基板41及散热体47的孔中压入导电性的销50,从而该电路图案42a与散热体47进行电连接。由此,因电路图案42a的电位变化和寄生电容29而流过散热体47的噪声电流从销50、电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,因此,形成极小的噪声电流环路。
图4是表示实施方式2所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的图,(A)是半导体模块的俯视图,(B)是表示(A)中的B部的放大截面的图。另外,图4中,对与图2及图3所示的结构要素相同或对应的结构要素标注相同的标号。
实施方式2的半导体模块3与实施方式1的半导体模块2相比,变更了利用极小的噪声电流环路将电容器45、46和散热体47进行电连接的单元。即,在具有长方形的散热体47的长边方向的大致中央的AL绝缘基板41形成有开口部51,露出散热体47的与AL绝缘基板41相接的面。AL绝缘基板41还在散热体47的长边方向上与开口部51相邻地形成有电路图案42b、42c,在上述电路图案42b、42c分别接合有电容器45、46的一个端子。电路图案42b、42c利用接合线52通过开口部51与散热体47连接。接合线52使用铜线或铝线或金线。
这样,电容器45、46的一个端子在其附近利用接合线52与散热体47进行电连接。由此,因电路图案42b、42c的电位变化和寄生电容29而流过散热体47的噪声电流从接合线52、电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,因此,形成极小的噪声电流环路。
图5是表示利用极小的噪声电流环路将电容器与散热体进行电连接的单元的变形例的图,(A)表示连接单元的第1变形例,(B)表示连接单元的第2变形例。另外,图5中,对与图3及图4所示的结构要素相同或对应的结构要素标注相同的标号。
在连接单元的第1变形例中,如图5(A)所示,利用导电性的螺钉53来实现连接单元。即,连接电容器45、46的一个端子的公共的电路图案42a通过将螺钉53经由形成于该电路图案42a及AL绝缘基板41的孔与散热体47拧紧连接,从而与散热体47进行电连接。
连接单元的第2变形例中,如图5(B)所示,在接合的AL绝缘基板41及散热体47中设置贯通它们的孔,对该孔的内部实施镀敷54。通过该镀敷处理,电路图案42a经由镀敷54与散热体47进行电连接。
图6是表示实施方式3所涉及的半导体模块的第1结构例的图,图7是表示实施方式3所涉及的半导体模块的第2结构例的图。另外,图6及图7中,对与图2所示的结构要素相同或对应的结构要素标注相同的标号。
实施方式3的半导体模块4与实施方式1的半导体模块相比,将与散热体47电连接的销50的位置变更为端子壳体48或散热体47的长边方向及短边方向的大致中央。
首先,图6所示的第1结构例应用于图1所示的三相逆变器电路,电路图案42a与一端连接到电源正极端子P的电容器45的另一端连接,且与一端连接到电源负极端子N的电容器46的另一端连接。由此,因电路图案42a的电位变化而产生的噪声电流经由电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,此外,因寄生电容29而流过散热体47的噪声电流从散热体47的大致中央位置起经由销50、及电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,因此,形成极小的噪声电流环路。此外,噪声电流经由散热体47流向作为稳定电位的机壳接地。
另一方面,图7所示的第2结构例构成为将实施方式3的半导体模块4a应用于具有2个输出端子OUT1、OUT2的二相逆变器电路,将引线端子沿两个方向引出。在该半导体模块4a中,也使电路图案42a与一端连接到电源正极端子P的电容器45的另一端连接,且与一端连接到电源负极端子N的电容器46的另一端连接。而且,该电路图案42a在散热体47的大致中央位置利用销50与散热体47进行电连接。由此,因电路图案42a的电位变化而产生的噪声电流经由电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,此外,因寄生电容29而流过散热体47的噪声电流从散热体47的大致中央位置起经由销50、及电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,因此,形成极小的噪声电流环路。此外,噪声电流经由散热体47流向作为稳定电位的机壳接地。
图8是表示实施方式4所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的图。另外,图8中,对与图7所示的结构要素相同或对应的结构要素标注相同的标号。
该实施方式4的半导体模块5与实施方式1至3的半导体模块2、3、4、4a相比,变更了旁路噪声的电路图案。即,实施方式1至3的半导体模块2、3、4、4a中,利用电容器45、46使连接到电源负极端子N及电源正极端子P的电路图案42旁路。与此相对,实施方式4的半导体模块5中,利用电容器55、56使电路块内电位变化(dv/dt)较大的电路图案42d旁路。电位变化(dv/dt)较大的电路图案42d为搭载有下臂部的功率用半导体芯片43、44的部分,电容器55、56对应于图1所示的电容器26、27、28。
在该半导体模块5中,因电路图案42d的电位变化(dv/dt)和寄生电容29而流过散热体47的噪声电流从销50、电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,因此,形成极小的噪声电流环路。
图9是表示实施方式5所涉及的半导体模块的结构例的图。另外,图9中,对与图4所示的结构要素相同或对应的结构要素标注相同的标号。
相对于图4所示的实施方式2的半导体模块3在散热体47的长边方向的大致中央与散热体47进行电连接,实施方式5的半导体模块6中,在散热体47的大致中央与散热体47进行电连接。即,在AL绝缘基板41中,在散热体47的大致中央附近设置有开口部51,搭载有电容器45、46的电路图案42b、42c通过该开口部51利用接合线52与散热体47进行电连接。由此,因电路图案42b、42c的电位变化而产生的噪声电流经由电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,此外,因寄生电容29而流过散热体47的噪声电流从散热体47的大致中央位置起经由接合线52、及电容器45、46返回到与电源正极端子P及电源负极端子N相同电位的电路图案42,因此,形成极小的噪声电流环路。此外,噪声电流经由散热体47流向作为稳定电位的机壳接地。
如以上那样,在实施方式3至5的半导体模块4、4a、5、6中,在端子壳体48或散热体47的大致中央将电容器45、46、55、56与散热体47连接。由此,将这种半导体模块4、4a、5、6以按压于散热器或壳体的状态进行安装的情况下,具有可使与散热器或壳体的连接位置固定而不发生变化的效果。下面,对可预见该效果的具体安装例进行说明。另外,在此情况下,半导体模块4、4a、5、6优选为,在对电路块上进行了树脂密封时由于树脂49的固化收缩作用,在使用温度范围内散热体47的外表面鼓起而呈现成为缓和凸状的正翘曲的形状。
图10是表示实施方式3至实施方式5所涉及的半导体模块的安装例的图,(A)表示第1安装例,(B)表示第2安装例,(C)表示第3安装例,(D)表示第4安装例,(E)表示第5安装例。另外,在这些图中,将电路块及散热体47的正翘曲夸张示出,以易于理解。在该图10中,作为按压于散热器57(或壳体)的半导体模块,以实施方式3的半导体模块4为代表来示出。
图10(A)所示的第1实施例示出将半导体模块4直接按压于散热器57的情况。在此情况下,半导体模块4与散热器57进行电连接的部位为半导体模块4的大致中央部的一个部位。因此,在利用4根螺钉将半导体模块4固定于散热器57时,可抑制半导体模块4与散热器57的电连接部位根据螺钉紧固的程度而变化的情况,其结果是,噪声特性较少产生偏差。
图10(B)所示的第2实施例示出在半导体模块4与散热器57之间存在导电性的热化合物58的情况。在此情况下,半导体模块4的散热体47整体隔着导电性的热化合物58进行电连接,特别是导电性的热化合物58的厚度最薄的半导体模块4的大致中央部进行良好的电连接。因此,即使将半导体模块4固定于散热器57的4根螺钉的螺钉紧固有偏差,良好的电连接部位也仅为半导体模块4的大致中央部,因此,噪声特性较少产生偏差。
图10(C)所示的第3实施例示出在半导体模块4与散热器57之间存在非导电性的热化合物59的情况。在此情况下,散热器57在与半导体模块4的大致中央部对应的位置凹陷设置有圆形的孔60。由此,半导体模块4中,作为该散热体47外表面的球面与孔60的周围的边缘可靠地接触,因此,因按压方式而产生的噪声特性偏差变少。
图10(D)所示的第4实施例示出在半导体模块4与散热器57之间存在非导电性的热化合物59的情况。在此情况下,散热器57在与半导体模块4的大致中央部对应的位置凹陷设置有圆形的孔60,并在该孔60中配置有导电性的板簧61。由此,半导体模块4的散热体47中,作为其外表面的球面利用板簧61进行接触,因此,因按压方式而产生的噪声特性偏差变少。
图10(E)所示的第5实施例示出在半导体模块4与散热器57之间存在非导电性的热化合物59的情况。在此情况下,散热器57在与半导体模块4的大致中央部对应的位置周边凹陷设置有多个圆形的孔60,并在这些孔60中配置有导电性的引线棒62及将该引线棒62朝半导体模块4的方向作用的导电性的螺旋弹簧63。由此,半导体模块4的散热体47中,作为其外表面的球面可利用引线棒62及螺旋弹簧63与散热器57保持良好的电连接,因此,可减少因按压方式而产生的噪声特性偏差。
图11是表示使用了半导体模块的DC-DC转换器的二次侧电路的一个示例的电路图,(A)表示使用了现有的半导体模块的电路,(B)表示使用了实施方式6所涉及的半导体模块的电路。
现有的半导体模块200如图11(A)所示,包括2个二极管201、202和散热体203。在该半导体模块200中,电路块也在绝缘基板的一面形成电路图案,二极管201、202通过将其阴极端子焊接到该电路图案来搭载。在绝缘基板的另一面利用焊料接合有散热体203。因此,搭载有二极管201、202的电路图案隔着绝缘基板利用寄生电容204与散热体203进行电容耦合。此外,在将半导体模块200例如隔着非导电性的热化合物安装于壳体时,散热体203利用寄生电容205与壳体进行电容耦合。
DC-DC转换器的二次侧电路包括将交流电压变压成规定电压的变压器210、进行全波整流的半导体模块200、及将整流后的电压进行平滑的电容器220。变压器210具有2个二次绕组211、212,与它们串联连接的中心抽头部连接到壳体。二次绕组211、212的两端的端子分别与二极管201、202的阳极端子相连接。二极管201、202的阴极端子连接到电容器220的一端和输出端子,电容器220的另一端连接到壳体。
在该DC-DC转换器的二次侧电路中,在变压器210的二次绕组211产生的电位变化的过渡分量因半导体模块200的寄生电容204、及散热体203与壳体之间的寄生电容205而形成噪声电流环路206。此时,寄生电容205因半导体模块200的固定方法而在与壳体的连接点产生偏差,因此,噪声特性产生个体差异。此外,相当于二极管201、202的阴极端子的电极的电位变化的过渡分量流过半导体模块200的寄生电容204、散热体203与壳体之间的寄生电容205、壳体、及电容器220。此时,半导体模块200中产生的噪声形成经由壳体及电容器220返回到半导体模块200的噪声电流环路207。
实施方式6的半导体模块7如图11(B)所示,包括2个二极管71、72和散热体73。在该半导体模块7中,电路块也在绝缘基板的一面形成电路图案,二极管71、72通过将其阴极端子焊接到该电路图案来搭载。在绝缘基板的另一面利用焊料接合有散热体73。此外,连接有二极管71、72的阴极端子的电路图案经由电容器74与散热体73进行电连接。该电连接方法可通过实施方式1至5中实施的任一种方法来进行。散热体73与壳体的电连接可通过利用图10中说明的任一种方法将半导体模块7固定于壳体来可靠地进行。由此,流过噪声电流环路75的噪声电流不会因半导体模块7的固定方法而在与壳体的连接点产生偏差,因此,噪声特性不会产生个体差异。
DC-DC转换器的二次侧电路包括将交流电压变压成规定电压的变压器80、进行全波整流的半导体模块7、及将整流后的电压进行平滑的电容器90。变压器80具有2个二次绕组81、82,与它们串联连接的中心抽头部连接到壳体。二次绕组81、82的两端的端子分别与二极管71、72的阳极端子连接。二极管71、72的阴极端子连接到电容器90的一端和输出端子,电容器90的另一端连接到壳体。
该半导体模块7中,二极管71、72的阴极端子的电路图案利用电容器74与散热体73进行电连接。因此,该电路图案中的电位变化的过渡分量流过由电路图案与散热体73之间的寄生电容76和电容器74形成的最小的噪声电流环路77。
上文中,仅示出本发明的原理。此外,很多变形、变更对本领域技术人员而言都是可能的,本发明并不限于上面示出且说明的准确结构及应用例,对应的所有变形例及等效发明均视为附加的权利要求及其等效发明所构成的本发明的范围。
标号说明
1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7 半导体模块
11,13,15,17,19,21 IGBT
12,14,16,18,20,22 FWD
23,24,26,27,28 电容器
25 散热体
26a,27a,28a 电路图案
29 寄生电容
30 电动机
41 AL绝缘基板
42,42a,42b,42c,42d 电路图案
43,44 功率用半导体芯片
45,46 电容器
47 散热体
48 端子壳体
49 树脂
50 销
51 开口部
52 接合线
53 螺钉
54 镀敷
55,56 电容器
57 散热器
58,59 热化合物
60 孔
61 板簧
62 引线棒
63 螺旋弹簧
71、72 二极管
73 散热体
74 电容器
75 噪声电流环路
76 寄生电容
77 噪声电流环路
80 变压器
81,82 二次绕组
90 电容器
Claims (17)
1.一种半导体模块,该半导体模块包括:电路块,该电路块具有电绝缘层、在所述电绝缘层的一面由导电性的板或箔形成的多个电路图案和搭载于所述电路图案的功率用半导体;及在所述电绝缘层的另一面由导电性的板形成的散热体,其特征在于,
具有串联连接的第一电容器和第二电容器,
所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器的一个电极分别与互不相同的所述电路图案连接,
所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器的另一个电极相互连接,并且通过贯通所述电绝缘层的连接点与所述散热体电连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器的另一个电极通过共通的连接点与所述散热体电连接。
3.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述第一电容器或所述第二电容器的所述一个电极连接到所述电路块内施加有最大电位的所述电路图案。
4.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述第一电容器或所述第二电容器的所述一个电极连接到所述电路块内施加有最小电位的所述电路图案。
5.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器的所述另一个电极利用压入到所述电绝缘层的导电性引脚连接到与所述散热体电连接的所述电路图案。
6.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器的所述另一个电极利用经由贯通所述电绝缘层而配置的开口部延伸的导电性引线连接到与所述散热体电连接的所述电路图案。
7.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器的所述另一个电极通过利用贯通所述电绝缘层而配置的导电性螺钉与所述散热体螺纹固定,从而连接到与所述散热体电连接的所述电路图案。
8.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
通过对配置于所述电绝缘层及所述散热体的通孔进行镀敷处理,从而使所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器的所述另一个电极连接到与所述散热体电连接的所述电路图案。
9.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述连接点配置在模块外形或所述电绝缘层的长边方向或短边方向的大致中央位置,或者配置在长边方向及短边方向的大致中央位置。
10.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述电绝缘层、所述电路图案、所述功率用半导体、所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器及所述散热体设置于将作为端子的引线框嵌入后进行成型而得到的树脂壳体。
11.如权利要求10所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述树脂壳体中,利用树脂将配置有所述电路图案、所述功率用半导体、所述第一电容器和所述第二电容器一侧的空间密封。
12.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述散热体在使用温度范围内具有外表面鼓起的正翘曲的形状。
13.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述电绝缘层为有机绝缘层。
14.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述电绝缘层为无机绝缘层。
15.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述电路图案通过对形成于所述电绝缘层的一面的导电性的板或箔进行蚀刻来生成。
16.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述电路图案通过将导电性的板与所述电绝缘层的一面进行贴合来生成。
17.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于,
所述散热体由铜或铝构成。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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JP2014-154626 | 2014-07-30 | ||
JP2014154626 | 2014-07-30 | ||
PCT/JP2015/065607 WO2016017260A1 (ja) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-05-29 | 半導体モジュール |
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CN105874596A CN105874596A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
CN105874596B true CN105874596B (zh) | 2019-03-08 |
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JP (1) | JP6354845B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105874596B (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2016017260A1 (zh) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10084388B2 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2018-09-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Power conversion device |
JP6447391B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-30 | 2019-01-09 | オムロン株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
US10804253B2 (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2020-10-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Semiconductor device |
JP6673246B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-06 | 2020-03-25 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
JP6880851B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-13 | 2021-06-02 | オムロン株式会社 | 電力変換装置および電源装置 |
JP6852513B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-30 | 2021-03-31 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | 回路装置 |
US10477686B2 (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-11-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Printed circuit board |
CN109906509B (zh) * | 2017-10-10 | 2022-10-28 | 新电元工业株式会社 | 模块以及电力转换装置 |
JP7043887B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-28 | 2022-03-30 | 富士電機株式会社 | 3レベル電力変換装置 |
CN108447827B (zh) * | 2018-03-17 | 2020-04-17 | 临沂金霖电子有限公司 | 一种电力转换电路的封装模块 |
DE112019003082T5 (de) * | 2018-06-21 | 2021-03-04 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Leistungsmodulvorrichtung |
JP7298177B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-15 | 2023-06-27 | 富士電機株式会社 | 半導体モジュール及び半導体モジュールの製造方法 |
EP3731605A1 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-28 | Mahle International GmbH | Electric circuit arrangement for a power converter |
JP2021125547A (ja) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-30 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電力用半導体モジュール |
WO2021187409A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-09-23 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
US20230307406A1 (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-09-28 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Electronics assemblies with power electronic devices and three-dimensionally printed circuit boards having reduced joule heating |
CN114765434A (zh) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-19 | 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 | 功率模块和电机控制器 |
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JPH0754760Y2 (ja) | 1990-10-29 | 1995-12-18 | 株式会社イトー技研 | 薄型温水器 |
JP2574194Y2 (ja) | 1992-10-12 | 1998-06-11 | ネミック・ラムダ株式会社 | メタルコア基板の取付構造 |
JP3505950B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-21 | 2004-03-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 放熱板接合用基板 |
JP2002171768A (ja) * | 2000-11-29 | 2002-06-14 | Toshiba Corp | 電力変換装置 |
GB2418539A (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2006-03-29 | Vetco Gray Controls Ltd | Electrical circuit package |
JP4801603B2 (ja) | 2007-02-20 | 2011-10-26 | Tdkラムダ株式会社 | 電源モジュール |
JP5188110B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-27 | 2013-04-24 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 回路装置 |
JP5280102B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-26 | 2013-09-04 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2013258321A (ja) | 2012-06-13 | 2013-12-26 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 半導体装置 |
JP2014038982A (ja) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-02-27 | Ihi Corp | 半導体パワーモジュール |
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2015
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- 2015-05-29 JP JP2016538189A patent/JP6354845B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-05-29 DE DE112015000245.6T patent/DE112015000245T5/de not_active Ceased
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DE112015000245T5 (de) | 2016-09-15 |
JP6354845B2 (ja) | 2018-07-11 |
US20160315038A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
WO2016017260A1 (ja) | 2016-02-04 |
JPWO2016017260A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
CN105874596A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
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