CN105862652A - Physical model test device for studying piping failure process and test method - Google Patents
Physical model test device for studying piping failure process and test method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105862652A CN105862652A CN201610210085.5A CN201610210085A CN105862652A CN 105862652 A CN105862652 A CN 105862652A CN 201610210085 A CN201610210085 A CN 201610210085A CN 105862652 A CN105862652 A CN 105862652A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a physical model test device for studying the piping failure process and a test method. The physical model test device comprises a water supply device, wherein the water supply device is connected with the bottom of a transparent or semitransparent model box through a water supply pipe; a test specimen and a buffer layer used for eliminating the impact effect of a water flow on the test specimen are laid in the model box from top to bottom; a plurality of seepage pressure sensors and a plurality of strain sensors are distributed in the test specimen from top to bottom and are connected with a seepage pressure and strain control box; and the seepage pressure and strain control box is connected with a computer. According to the physical model test device, with arrangement of the buffer layer, direct impact of the water flow on the test specimen is eliminated, the integrity of the test specimen and the accuracy of data measured by the seepage pressure sensors and the strain sensors are effectively ensured; and with arrangement of different water level control valves, the water level height in the water supply device is regulated, the size of a water supply head is regulated, and thus data under water supply heads in different sizes is measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground engineering and hydro-structure, a kind of physical model test device studying failure by piping process
And test method.
Background technology
When underground engineering and hydro-structure are chronically at below the water surface, bear the seepage effect of underground water, often occur infiltration to lose
Steady breakoff phenomenon, and the varying less of level of ground water in a certain specific region, it is believed that be to determine head seepage effect.Pipe
Gushing is modal structure seepage failure breakoff phenomenon, is greatly always the emphasis of hydraulic research because of its harmfulness.But due to
Its complexity and randomness, on-the-spot test is nearly impossible, therefore, the researchs using indoor physical model test more
Method studies Piping phenomenon.
Physical experiments, principle is relatively easy, visual phenomenon, and the conclusion drawn has scientific meaning, is therefore that one has
The research means of effect.At present, the numerical method of simulation failure by piping process, generally cannot consider the Tu Shui that particle loss causes
Interact, therefore cannot comprehensively explain the formation of failure by piping, evolution；Meanwhile, existing failure by piping model examination
Test, be generally not capable of the impact effectively eliminating gravity to current bias current, and existing test method, it is impossible to realize failure by piping
The overall process real-time monitored of soil deformation in generating process, and obtain critical hydraulic gradient parameter the most simply, it is impossible in detail
The development process of failure by piping is described, it is difficult to reproduce the real processes that failure by piping is formed, develops, therefore can not meet piping
The demand of destructive process research.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to as overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of simple in construction, experimentation cost can be saved
Meet a kind of physical model test device studying failure by piping process and the test method of seepage action of ground water situation, study piping
The generation of destruction, development overall process, the appropriate design for underground engineering and hydro-structure provides foundation.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of physical model test device studying failure by piping process, including water supply installation, water supply installation by feed pipe with
The bottom of transparent or translucent model casing connects, and so facilitates piping generating process in observation model case, it is achieved from test
Starting to the effective timing occurring piping to occur, recording this time contributes to follow-up study；Inside model casing from top to bottom
Lay test sample and for eliminating the current cushion to the percussion of test sample, cloth from top to bottom in test sample
Being provided with multiple osmotic pressure sensor and multiple strain transducer, osmotic pressure sensor, strain transducer are respectively with osmotic pressure and strain controlling
Case connects,；Total water the most upwards penetrates into from the bottom of model casing, meets the seepage flow situation of underground water in underground engineering,
The osmotic pressure sensor buried underground in sample and strain transducer can measure test sample internal penetration pressure in process of the test accurately
With the change of strain, and then whether may determine that the generation of Piping phenomenon, described osmotic pressure is with strain controlling case with computer even
Connect, computer can be transferred data in real time by computer screen and be observed, and then show test sample in real time
The deformation data of internal diverse location, the failure by piping situation that observation experiment sample occurs；Additionally, in process of the test, can
With according to test requirements document, flexible arrangement osmotic pressure sensor and strain transducer.
Further, test sample is underground engineering soil sample, and test sample is filled compacting and formed on the top of cushion, examination
The height filled by Adjustment Tests sample during testing changes the length of seepage paths, is arranged by box experimental rig sidewall
Pressure-measuring pipe can read the head value at test sample difference elevation.
Further, being provided with multiple pressure-measuring pipe for measuring osmotic pressure in described test sample, multiple pressure-measuring pipes are spaced
Setpoint distance is arranged；In model casing, the equidistant pressure-measuring pipe laid can record the head in test sample at different seepage paths length,
And then the barometric gradient of sample diverse location can be calculated.
Further, multiple osmotic pressure sensor are in a row to be vertically arranged, and multiple strain transducers become another row to be vertically arranged.
Further, pipeline is provided with water pressure gauge and flowmeter, water pressure gauge and flowmeter and is connected with computer respectively, hydraulic pressure
Table and flowmeter can read head pressure and flow respectively.
Further, the height of described water supply installation is higher than the height of model casing, and meanwhile, fill in cushion is sandstone.
Further, the top at model casing arranges outlet pipe.
Further, the sidewall at water supply installation is provided with multiple altitude valve at differing heights, by opening differing heights
Altitude valve, the height of water level in regulation supply tank, it is achieved the size of regulation delivery head.
A kind of physical model test method studying failure by piping process, specifically comprises the following steps that
1) in model casing, filling test sample after cushion is filled；
2) in water supply installation, a certain altitude valve is opened so that in water supply installation, water level keeps the height set；
3) opening water valve, in water supply installation, current enter model casing, and osmotic pressure and strain controlling case are by being located in test sample
Osmotic pressure sensor, strain transducer and pressure-measuring pipe detection data are also sent to computer；
4), after having tested, mud mixture is discharged by the outlet pipe at model casing top.
Further, described step 1) in, test sample changes the length of seepage paths by filling the most different height, it is simple to
The calculating of water table gradient.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) whole experimental rig is vertically arranged, current the most progressively seepage flow, eliminates gravity in traditional experiment inclined to current
The impact of stream, meets the percolation phenomenon of actual underground water, it is possible to achieve the simulation of failure by piping process, solves underground engineering
And hydro-structure failure by piping process is difficult to the problem of accurate measurement data, whole system and test method and applies closer to reality,
Test operation is convenient, can more preferable Guiding Practice.
2) eliminate current directly impacting test sample by arranging of cushion, the integrality of test sample be effectively ensured,
And osmotic pressure sensor and the accuracy of strain transducer measurement data.
3) by the setting of different altitude valves, the height of water level in regulation water supply installation, it is achieved to delivery head size
Adjust, and then realize the DATA REASONING under different delivery head size.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram；
Wherein 1. varying head water supply installation；2. model casing；3. water inlet；4. supply tank；5. level control valve；6. water valve；7.
Feed pipe；8. water pressure gauge；9. flowmeter；10. cushion；11. test sample；12. pressure-measuring pipes；13. osmotic pressure sensor；14. should
Become sensor；15. osmotic pressures and strain controlling case；16. computers；17. outlet pipes.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe.
A kind of physical model test device studying failure by piping process, including water supply installation (supply tank 4), supply tank 4 pushes up
Portion is provided with water inlet 3, and supply tank 4 is connected, at model by the bottom of feed pipe 7 with transparent or translucent model casing 2
The top of case 2 arranges outlet pipe 17, so facilitate in observation model case 2 osmotic pressure in piping generating process, strain and
The situations of change such as water pressure；Test sample is laid from top to bottom and for eliminating current to test sample inside model casing 2
The cushion 10 of percussion, is laid with multiple osmotic pressure sensor 13 and multiple strain transducer in test sample from top to bottom
14, multiple osmotic pressure sensor 13 are in a row to be equidistantly vertically arranged, and multiple strain transducers 14 become another row to be equidistantly vertically arranged.
Osmotic pressure sensor 13, strain transducer 14 are connected with strain controlling case 15 with osmotic pressure respectively；Total water is from model casing 2
Bottom the most upwards penetrate into, meet the seepage flow situation of underground water in underground engineering, the osmotic pressure sensor buried underground in test sample
13 and strain transducer 14 can measure test sample internal penetration pressure and the change of strain in process of the test accurately, and then
Whether may determine that the generation of Piping phenomenon；Described osmotic pressure is connected with computer 16 with strain controlling case 15, by calculating
The display screen of machine 16 can transfer data to computer 16 in real time and be observed, and then not coordination inside real-time display sample
The deformation data put, the failure by piping situation that observation experiment sample occurs.
Test sample is underground engineering soil sample, and test sample is filled compacting and formed, in process of the test on the top of cushion 10
The height filled by Adjustment Tests sample changes the length of seepage paths, the pressure-measuring pipe 12 arranged by box experimental rig sidewall
The head value at test sample difference elevation can be read；The height of described supply tank 4 is higher than the height of model casing 2, meanwhile,
Fill in cushion 10 is sandstone.
In described test sample, be provided with multiple pressure-measuring pipe 12 for measuring osmotic pressure, multiple pressure-measuring pipes 12 interval set away from
From setting；In model casing 2, the equidistant pressure-measuring pipe 12 laid can record the head in test sample at different seepage paths length, enters
And the barometric gradient of sample diverse location can be calculated.
Feed pipe 7 is provided with water pressure gauge 8 and flowmeter 7, meanwhile, feed pipe 7 is provided with water valve, water pressure gauge 8 He
Flowmeter 7 is connected with computer respectively, and water pressure gauge 8 and flowmeter 7 can read head pressure and flow respectively.
Sidewall at supply tank 7 is provided with multiple altitude valve 5 at differing heights, by opening differing heights altitude valve
5, the height of water level in regulation supply tank 4, it is achieved the size of regulation delivery head.
A kind of physical model test method studying failure by piping process, specifically comprises the following steps that
1) to model casing 2 underfill cushion 10 to the height specified；
2) filling test sample is started to certain altitude in cushion 10 top specified altitude assignment；
3) open water inlet, open the altitude valve 5 of corresponding height, make water level in supply tank 4 keep certain height；
4) open water valve 6, move the water to flow in model casing 2, cut down it to test sample via the unhurried current effect of cushion 10
, there is seepage effect in souring power in test sample, can break with the piping of observation experiment sample through box experimental rig
Bad generating process, the osmotic pressure sensor 13 buried underground in test sample with strain transducer 14 by being connected osmotic pressure and strain controlling
Case 15, is sent data to computer 16 and shows the deformation of test sample in real time a situation arises, arranged by model casing 2 sidewall
Pressure-measuring pipe 12 can read the head value at test sample difference elevation in real time；
5) test sample is under seepage effect after unstable failure, and mud mixture is discharged by outlet pipe 17, completes test.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that come for those skilled in the art
Saying, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should regard
For protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the physical model test device studying failure by piping process, it is characterised in that include water supply installation, supply water dress
Put and be connected by the bottom of feed pipe with transparent or translucent model casing, inside model casing, lay test examination from top to bottom
Sample and for eliminating the current cushion to the percussion of test sample, is laid with multiple oozing in test sample from top to bottom
Pressure sensor and multiple strain transducer, osmotic pressure sensor, strain transducer be connected with strain controlling case with osmotic pressure respectively, institute
State osmotic pressure to be connected with computer with strain controlling case.
2. physical model test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described test sample is that underground engineering is used
Soil sample.
3. physical model test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with multiple in described test sample
For measuring the pressure-measuring pipe of osmotic pressure, multiple pressure-measuring pipes interval setpoint distance is arranged.
4. physical model test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that multiple osmotic pressure sensor are in a row vertically
Arranging, multiple strain transducers become another row to be vertically arranged.
5. physical model test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with water pressure gauge and flow on pipeline
Meter, water pressure gauge and flowmeter are connected with computer respectively.
6. physical model test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the height of described water supply installation is higher than mould
The height of molding box.
7. physical model test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that outlet pipe is set at the top of model casing.
8. physical model test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that high in difference at the sidewall of water supply installation
Multiple altitude valve it is provided with at degree.
9. the physical model test method studying failure by piping process, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
1) in model casing, filling test sample after cushion is filled；
2) in water supply installation, a certain altitude valve is opened so that in water supply installation, water level keeps the height set；
3) opening water valve, in water supply installation, current enter model casing, and osmotic pressure and strain controlling case are by being located in test sample
Osmotic pressure sensor, strain transducer and pressure-measuring pipe detection data are also sent to computer；
4), after having tested, mud mixture is discharged by the outlet pipe at model casing top.
10. test method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described step 1) in, test sample is by filling
The length of seepage paths is changed, it is simple to the calculating of water table gradient to different height.
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| CN201610210085.5A CN105862652A (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | Physical model test device for studying piping failure process and test method |
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| CN201610210085.5A CN105862652A (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | Physical model test device for studying piping failure process and test method |
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ID=56628195
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| CN201610210085.5A Pending CN105862652A (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | Physical model test device for studying piping failure process and test method |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106436783A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Method for filling of similar test material through underwater tunnel similar model test platform |
| CN106596370A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江华东建设工程有限公司 | On-site undisturbed sample structure for seepage deformation test and preparation method of on-site undisturbed sample structure |
| CN107192651A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of tailing dam silting phenomena simulation device |
| CN107421874A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-01 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of horizontal seepage flow test device and its application method |
| CN107884326A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution |
| CN108169453A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-15 | 河海大学 | Land movement precise visualization experimental rig and test method during a kind of earthquake failure by piping |
| CN108267563A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-10 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of water supply installation and application method of large-scale three dimensional geologic model test |
| CN108680477A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-10-19 | 浙江大学 | Based on laser measurement technology and the visual piping experimental rig of transparent soil and method |
| CN110376351A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江大学 | A kind of pollution sources boundary point level control device and the airborne contaminant transportation experimental rig of centrifuge |
| CN110702878A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-17 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Test box for sandy soil geotechnical model |
| CN111060435A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-24 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for well-point dewatering underground water seepage law test |
| CN112255158A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Embankment foundation piping damage mode experimental device and method |
| CN112697672A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Simulation test device and test method for piping damage of layered embankment foundation |
| CN113030435A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Soil body vertical fracture model observation test device and test method |
| CN113848165A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-28 | 天津大学 | Simulation system and method for coupling effect of seepage field and temperature field |
| CN114112832A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏开放大学（江苏城市职业学院） | Testing device and testing method for researching whole process of sand gravel piping |
| CN116840125A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-10-03 | 长安大学 | Device and method for testing water permeability anisotropy of road base granule |
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Cited By (20)
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| CN106436783B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-11-30 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Utilize the method for submerged tunnel layer during similar model test platform filling similar test material |
| CN106436783A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Method for filling of similar test material through underwater tunnel similar model test platform |
| CN106596370A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江华东建设工程有限公司 | On-site undisturbed sample structure for seepage deformation test and preparation method of on-site undisturbed sample structure |
| CN107192651A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of tailing dam silting phenomena simulation device |
| CN107421874B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2023-10-10 | 湘潭大学 | Horizontal seepage test device and use method thereof |
| CN107421874A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-01 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of horizontal seepage flow test device and its application method |
| CN107884326A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution |
| CN108169453A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-15 | 河海大学 | Land movement precise visualization experimental rig and test method during a kind of earthquake failure by piping |
| CN108680477A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-10-19 | 浙江大学 | Based on laser measurement technology and the visual piping experimental rig of transparent soil and method |
| CN108680477B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2024-04-12 | 浙江大学 | Piping test device and method based on laser test technology and transparent soil visualization |
| CN108267563A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-10 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of water supply installation and application method of large-scale three dimensional geologic model test |
| CN110376351A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江大学 | A kind of pollution sources boundary point level control device and the airborne contaminant transportation experimental rig of centrifuge |
| CN110702878A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-17 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Test box for sandy soil geotechnical model |
| CN111060435A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-24 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for well-point dewatering underground water seepage law test |
| CN112255158A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Embankment foundation piping damage mode experimental device and method |
| CN112697672A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Simulation test device and test method for piping damage of layered embankment foundation |
| CN113030435A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Soil body vertical fracture model observation test device and test method |
| CN113848165A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-28 | 天津大学 | Simulation system and method for coupling effect of seepage field and temperature field |
| CN114112832A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏开放大学（江苏城市职业学院） | Testing device and testing method for researching whole process of sand gravel piping |
| CN116840125A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-10-03 | 长安大学 | Device and method for testing water permeability anisotropy of road base granule |
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Application publication date: 20160817 |