CN103983742B - Coal seam overlying strata are disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration and extraction experimental system - Google Patents

Coal seam overlying strata are disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration and extraction experimental system Download PDF

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CN103983742B
CN103983742B CN201410211173.8A CN201410211173A CN103983742B CN 103983742 B CN103983742 B CN 103983742B CN 201410211173 A CN201410211173 A CN 201410211173A CN 103983742 B CN103983742 B CN 103983742B
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switch
base station
base plate
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CN103983742A (en
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张东明
齐消寒
张先萌
郑彬彬
王浩
易理德
代金鑫
代沛
马群
汤伏蛟
罗小彦
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention discloses the disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration of a kind of coal seam overlying strata and extraction experimental system, comprise static servo hydraulic control system and model base station; Model base station comprises base plate, be arranged on four, front, rear, left and right sidewall on base plate and top board, and base plate, four sidewalls and top board surround one for filling the rectangular parallelepiped space of simulation material; Rear wall is provided with stoma tube; The number of static servo hydraulic control system is four, and four static servo hydraulic control systems are connected with the lifting jack on right side wall with base plate, top board, left side wall respectively; Steel wire corrugated tube is provided with in model base station; The bottom of model base station is provided with model base fulcrum arrangement.The present invention not only solve and at present Computer Numerical Simulation solve the limitation of discontinuous large deformation problem, avoid the rock movement that can not cause owing to adopting in the reflection actual conditions mining process of complete and accurate; Can test the migration rule of gas in distressed zone and gas pumping rule simultaneously.

Description

Coal seam overlying strata are disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration and extraction experimental system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration of a kind of coal seam overlying strata and extraction experimental system.
Background technology
Along with the development of society, mineral resources under increasing complex geological condition are detected exploitation, because geologic condition is extremely complicated, thus the mechanics problem in deposit mining process is for choose reasonable mining methods and structural parameters thereof, improve mining rate, Rational Utilization of Mineral Resources, ensures that safety of workers operation and final raising mining economic benefit are all particularly important.
Robot calculator being generally applied as in deposit mining solved above-mentioned challenge and provided a kind of effective means in recent years, such as, analysis project software is applied to mining industry (such as the extensive application of ANSYA analysis software and FLAC analysis software) in a large number, greatly accelerates experimental study.But, due to the complexity of geologic condition of digging up mine, mining problem mostly is large deformation and Discontinuous Deformation problem, and at present Computer Numerical Simulation solves discontinuous large deformation problem and also there is limitation, the rock movement that can not cause owing to adopting in the reflection actual conditions mining process of complete and accurate.
Thus affiliated technician adopts similarity simulation experiment can solve problem above preferably, because analog simulation utilizes on-the-spot real physical entity, under satisfying condition, can the impact of excavation simulation work progress more accurately, but current similarity simulation experiment can not carry out horizontal direction continuous pressure, thus can not rock mass stress under dummy level direction, be also take pure manual type to remove the rock mass caved in rock excavation process, rock mass process of caving in is uncontrollable.
In addition, at present to the data in the experimental study of the migration rule of gas in distressed zone and gas pumping rule, all obtained by the mode of scene boring monitoring, the gas migration enrichment discipline that research is overall can only be inferred with less local data, limitation is large, this test unit can from each height, tendency, move towards to monitor gas density thus obtain overall Monitoring Data.
Therefore those skilled in the art are devoted to exploitation one in rock excavation process, accurately can control the process of caving in, realize horizontal direction and vertical direction continuous pressure, the disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration of coal seam overlying strata of comprehensive monitoring gas migration rule and extraction experimental system.
Summary of the invention
Because the above-mentioned defect of prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of in rock excavation process, accurately the process of caving in be can control, the disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration of coal seam overlying strata and the extraction experimental system of horizontal direction and vertical direction continuous pressure realized.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration of a kind of coal seam overlying strata and extraction experimental system, comprise static servo hydraulic control system and model base station; Described model base station comprises base plate, be arranged on four, front, rear, left and right sidewall on base plate and top board, and described base plate, four sidewalls and top board surround one for filling the rectangular parallelepiped space of simulation material; Described rear wall is provided with stoma tube, and described antetheca is made up of transparent plexiglass plate; Described rear wall is provided with perforation, and described rear wall is made up of steel plate;
Described base plate, top board, left side wall and right side wall are provided with row's lifting jack, the other end of described lifting jack is provided with pressing plate, and described each lifting jack is provided with pressure transducer;
The number of described static servo hydraulic control system is four, and described four static servo hydraulic control systems are connected with the lifting jack on right side wall with described base plate, top board, left side wall respectively;
Steel wire corrugated tube is provided with in described model base station; The bottom of described model base station is provided with model base fulcrum arrangement.
After adopting above structure, model base station is put into foundation ditch, fixes at the bottom of model base fulcrum arrangement and foundation ditch, to ensure when model base station is tested, to guarantee the steadiness of model base station.
Carry out similar material mixture on pretreatment, to determine material similar intensity, and by the quality etc. of similar proportioning determination material requested.Drafting material proportioning scale, weighs the analog material needed for every layer by proportioning, by stirring of successively preparing burden from top to bottom.
The poly (methyl methacrylate) plate needing the amount height of batching and height overall to select to be applicable to specification according to every layer subsequently, filler encapsulation is carried out in layering successively from top to bottom, after every block shrouding filler completes substantially, install lastblock shrouding again.Every layer thickness is set to 3cm, analog material even level is filled in model support, and carries out floating, compacting.According to research range, the sensor of measurement ess-strain and displacement can be buried underground to measure correlation parameter in filler process.
Reach after design height until filler, the encapsulation of all shroudings is complete, and tightens encapsulation bolt, makes model inside become an airtight cube.
Static servo hydraulic control system makes the lifting jack on top board, left side wall and right side wall realize vertically and the continuous pressure of horizontal direction by pressure transducer subsequently, the size of pressurization is controlled by static servo hydraulic control system, makes institute's applied pressure controlled continuously.Because antetheca is made up of transparent plexiglass plate, thus the situation of change of displacement can also be seen in experimentation.
The back production of model coal seam is completed by the lifting jack on base plate, and lifting jack is hydraulic jack, and different coal winning method can exploit coal seam under simulation well, lifting jack is controlled by static servo hydraulic control system.When piling up model, be placed on by this device and intend excavation replacement coal seam, region, piston is in the state of stretching out, and oil pipeline is drawn by the perforation on rear wall.
During excavation simulation, control static servo hydraulic control system by computing machine and piston is once shunk by excavation step, realize substep release, thus excavation simulation.Be furnished with pressure transducer between jack piston with back up pad and be connected with computer, Real-Time Monitoring ore deposit pressure can change and draw pressure history.
After model dries, remove poly (methyl methacrylate) plate from top to bottom, and excavate the coal seam of presetting or rock stratum, in conjunction with total powerstation, ess-strain readout instrument, camera etc. complete the work such as model excavation and parameter measurement.
Gas pumping device is made up of, for gas pumping simulated experiment steel wire corrugated tube, measuring cell, flowmeter etc.By preset different orientations and inclination angle, the corrugated tube of different length, simulates multi-form mash gas pumping drilling.Thus the mash gas pumping drilling of various method for arranging is simulated, find out optimized mash gas pumping drilling design proposal.When the crack field of coal rock layer at exploitation process will be analyzed, by corrugated tube, transparent glass tube can be changed into, directly utilize borehole imaging instrument to scan boring, the situation of the interior cranny development that obtains intuitively holing.
Gas migration monitoring system by the perforation on rear wall, flowmeter can be loaded and unloaded, concentration sensor, tensimeter form, before model back production, the gas of finite concentration and pressure is passed in the coal seam of sealing, along with the back production in model coal seam, coal seam overlying strata are disrumpent feelings, crack field is formed, and gas is migrated in crack field.Can be monitored Gas Flow and enrichment discipline by gas migration monitoring system, thus obtain its rule.
This empirical model adopts the form of all sealings, passes into after damp, gas Changing Pattern when can analyze gas migration and extraction in the overlying strata of disrumpent feelings coal seam well.
Described static servo hydraulic control system comprises fuel tank, oil filter and oil pump; Described oil filter is connected with described fuel tank and described oil pump respectively, described oil pump is connected with motor and retaining valve, described retaining valve is connected with surplus valve, described surplus valve is connected with accumulator and the first liquid electricity switch, between described surplus valve and described first liquid electricity switch, is provided with the first switch;
Described accumulator is connected with the first tensimeter, described first tensimeter is connected with air control switch, first port of described air control switch is connected with pressure transducer, described pressure transducer is connected with the second liquid electricity switch, is provided with second switch between described pressure transducer and described second liquid electricity switch;
Second port of described air control switch is connected with the second tensimeter, air-capacitor and solenoid valve; Described solenoid valve is connected with exhaust box;
Described air-capacitor is connected with inching switch, and described inching switch is connected with reduction valve, and described reduction valve is connected with pressure valve and source nitrogen.
More firm in order to make model base fulcrum arrangement and foundation ditch fix, comprise supporting base and anchor hook as preferred described model base fulcrum arrangement, described anchor was worked hard in glove with bolt and nut and supporting base and was fixed.
In shaped steel, joist steel, angle steel, channel-section steel, square shaped steel have stronger comprehensive mechanical property, and under equal load, the mechanical property of square-section steel is better than joist steel, square steel, channel-section steel etc., are therefore rectangle steel as preferred described steel plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention not only solve and at present Computer Numerical Simulation solve the limitation of discontinuous large deformation problem, avoid the rock movement that can not cause owing to adopting in the reflection actual conditions mining process of complete and accurate; Can test the migration rule of gas in distressed zone and gas pumping rule simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of static servo hydraulic control system;
Fig. 3 is the left TV structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the backsight structural representation of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, comprise static servo hydraulic control system 1 and model base station 2; Described model base station 2 comprises base plate 3, be arranged on four, front, rear, left and right sidewall on base plate 3 and top board 4, and described base plate 3, four sidewalls and top board 4 surround one for filling the rectangular parallelepiped space of simulation material; Described antetheca is made up of transparent plexiglass plate 5; Described rear wall is provided with perforation 105 and flowmeter 35, and described rear wall is made up of rectangular steel plates 6;
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, described base plate, top board, left side wall and right side wall are provided with row's lifting jack 50, the other end of described lifting jack 50 is provided with pressing plate 100, and described each lifting jack 50 is provided with pressure transducer 6;
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, the number of described static servo hydraulic control system 1 is four, and described four static servo hydraulic control systems 1 are connected with the lifting jack 50 on right side wall with described base plate, top board, left side wall respectively;
As shown in Figure 1, steel wire corrugated tube 7 is provided with in described model base station 2; The bottom of described model base station 2 is provided with model base fulcrum arrangement 8.Described model base fulcrum arrangement 8 comprises supporting base 9 and anchor and hooks 10, described anchor hook 10 by bolt and nut fixing with supporting base 9.
As shown in Figure 2, described static servo hydraulic control system 1 comprises fuel tank 11, oil filter 12 and oil pump 13; Described oil filter 12 is connected with described fuel tank 11 and described oil pump 13 respectively, described oil pump 13 is connected with motor 14 and retaining valve 15, described retaining valve 15 is connected with surplus valve 16, described surplus valve 16 is connected with accumulator 17 and the first liquid electricity switch 21, between described surplus valve 16 and described first liquid electricity switch 21, is provided with the first switch 20;
As shown in Figure 2, described accumulator 17 is connected with the first tensimeter 18, described first tensimeter 18 is connected with air control switch 19, first port of described air control switch 19 is connected with pressure transducer 101, described pressure transducer 101 is connected with the second liquid electricity switch 22, is provided with second switch 30 between described pressure transducer 101 and described second liquid electricity switch 22;
As shown in Figure 2, the second port of described air control switch 19 is connected with the second tensimeter 23, air-capacitor 24 and solenoid valve 25; Described solenoid valve 25 is connected with exhaust box 26;
As shown in Figure 2, described air-capacitor 24 is connected with inching switch 27, and described inching switch 27 is connected with reduction valve 28, and described reduction valve 28 is connected with pressure valve 29 and source nitrogen 31.
(1) similar material simulation experiment ultimate principle:
Equivalent material simulating is the one that can perhaps test, this is that people inquire into and one of the approach being familiar with low pressure rule, with the artificial material similar to natural rock physico-mechanical properties, by mine actual prototype, follow certain proportion to reduce and make model, then the work of tunnel simulation stope is excavated in a model, the distortion of observing and nursing, displacement, the situations such as destruction and strata movement, analyze according to this, infer situation about occurring in prototype, this method is called equivalent material simulating method.
Make the situation of emission function in model can reflect situation about occurring in prototype strictly according to the facts, just according to the character of problem, principal contradiction must be found out, and according to principal contradiction, determine the similarity relation between prototype and model and similarity criterion, so similarity criterion requires to possess following condition:
1. geometric similarity
(1)
A in formula l-prototype and model length ratio;
L n-prototype broad sense length;
L m-model broad sense length;
General a l=20 ~ 100.
2. kinematic similitude
a t = t n / t m = a l - - - ( 2 )
A in formula t-time ratio;
T n-prototype motion required time;
T m-model sport required time;
3. dynamic similarity
a δ = r n r m a l - - - ( 3 )
A δ-stress ratio;
R n-prototype density ratio;
R m-model pseudodensity; General r mbe taken at 1.5 ~ 1.8g/cm 3, excessive easily causing during analogue formation tamps difficulty.Too small, make the loose not easy-formation of cast material.
According to parameter corresponding on similarity criterion computation model, it is very difficult that scale model meets reason mechanics index of physics similar simultaneously, also there is no need, according to the problem that will solve, should choose affect model and prototype leading indicator as similar parameter.Therefore select intensity index compressive stress and tension as the prototype leading indicator similar with model.
(2) selection of analog material
Analog material comprises aggregate and cementing matter two parts: aggregate: sand, aluminium powder, mica powder etc.; Cementing matter: cement, lime, gypsum, paraffin etc.The intensity of analog material depends on the intensity of cementing matter, and the intensity of cementing matter depends on the ratio of sand and cementing matter and the ratio of cement ingredients, i.e. material mixture ratio, so before model test, a large amount of similar material mixture work must be carried out, all will carry out the mensuration of mechanical property to the proportioning of each material.
(3) similar material model makes
Analog material is contained on model support and tests, and model support designs according to the Contents and request of research.Model support can be divided into areal model and two kinds, stereoscopic model frame.Areal model frame can be divided into horizontal layered model support and angle adjustable model support.Present great majority adopt areal model frame, the main body of shelf is made up of channel-section steel and angle steel, porose on shelf both sides, in order to fixed form, model support size depends mainly on length and compares size, general length is 2m to 6m, high 1.5m to 2.5m, wide 0.2m to 0.8m, shelf both sides erection template, template thickness 3cm plank and sheet metal, because of the limited height of model support, during the enough large degree of depth lithosphere of simulation, can not conduct oneself with dignity by pattern shaped material completely, need external force load, adopt lever pressurization or lifting jack pressue device.
Analogue formation process, quality of materials used, volume and proportioning, all calculate by comparing with original shape.So, if make the model support recurring structure distortion of physical scaled model, such as channel-section steel bends, the model be made into by the material that designs a model necessarily does not reach the requirement that designs a model, in ratio of similitude, certain error is there is with prototype, affect experiment effect, the data analysis of experimental record can not embody the formation variations state at mining process of prototype accurately.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
Model base station is put into foundation ditch, fixes at the bottom of model base fulcrum arrangement and foundation ditch, to ensure when model base station is tested, to guarantee the steadiness of model base station.
Carry out similar material mixture on pretreatment, to determine material similar intensity, and by the quality etc. of similar proportioning determination material requested.Drafting material proportioning scale, weighs the analog material needed for every layer by proportioning, by stirring of successively preparing burden from top to bottom.
The poly (methyl methacrylate) plate needing the amount height of batching and height overall to select to be applicable to specification according to every layer subsequently, filler encapsulation is carried out in layering successively from top to bottom, after every block shrouding filler completes substantially, install lastblock shrouding again.Every layer thickness is set to 3cm, analog material even level is filled in model support, and carries out floating, compacting.According to research range, the sensor of measurement ess-strain and displacement can be buried underground to measure correlation parameter in filler process.
Reach after design height until filler, the encapsulation of all shroudings is complete, and tightens encapsulation bolt, makes model inside become an airtight cube.
Static servo hydraulic control system makes the lifting jack on top board, left side wall and right side wall realize vertically and the continuous pressure of horizontal direction by pressure transducer subsequently, the size of pressurization is controlled by static servo hydraulic control system, makes institute's applied pressure controlled continuously.Because antetheca is made up of transparent plexiglass plate, thus the situation of change of displacement can also be seen in experimentation.
The back production of model coal seam is completed by the lifting jack on base plate, and lifting jack is hydraulic jack, and different coal winning method can exploit coal seam under simulation well, lifting jack is controlled by static servo hydraulic control system.When piling up model, be placed on by this device and intend excavation replacement coal seam, region, piston is in the state of stretching out, and oil pipeline is drawn by the perforation on rear wall.
During excavation simulation, control static servo hydraulic control system by computing machine and piston is once shunk by excavation step, realize substep release, thus excavation simulation.Be furnished with pressure transducer between jack piston with back up pad and be connected with computer, Real-Time Monitoring ore deposit pressure can change and draw pressure history.
After model dries, remove poly (methyl methacrylate) plate from top to bottom, and excavate the coal seam of presetting or rock stratum, in conjunction with total powerstation, ess-strain readout instrument, camera etc. complete the work such as model excavation and parameter measurement.
Gas pumping device is made up of, for gas pumping simulated experiment steel wire corrugated tube, measuring cell, flowmeter etc.By preset different orientations and inclination angle, the corrugated tube of different length, simulates multi-form mash gas pumping drilling.Thus the mash gas pumping drilling of various method for arranging is simulated, find out optimized mash gas pumping drilling design proposal.When the crack field of coal rock layer at exploitation process will be analyzed, by corrugated tube, transparent glass tube can be changed into, directly utilize borehole imaging instrument to scan boring, the situation of the interior cranny development that obtains intuitively holing.
Gas migration monitoring system by the perforation on rear wall, flowmeter can be loaded and unloaded, concentration sensor, tensimeter form, before model back production, the gas of finite concentration and pressure is passed in the coal seam of sealing, along with the back production in model coal seam, coal seam overlying strata are disrumpent feelings, crack field is formed, and gas is migrated in crack field.Can be monitored Gas Flow and enrichment discipline by gas migration monitoring system, thus obtain its rule.
This empirical model adopts the form of all sealings, passes into after damp, gas Changing Pattern when can analyze gas migration and extraction in the overlying strata of disrumpent feelings coal seam well.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art, all should by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.

Claims (3)

1. the disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration of coal seam overlying strata and an extraction experimental system, is characterized in that: comprise static servo hydraulic control system (1) and model base station (2); Described model base station (2) comprises base plate (3), be arranged on four, front, rear, left and right sidewall on base plate (3) and top board (4), and described base plate (3), four sidewalls and top board (4) surround one for filling the rectangular parallelepiped space of simulation material; Described rear wall is provided with stoma tube; Described front side wall is made up of transparent plexiglass plate (5); Described rear wall is provided with perforation (105) and flowmeter (35), and described rear wall is made up of steel plate (6);
Described base plate, top board, left side wall and right side wall are provided with row's lifting jack (50), the other end of described lifting jack (50) is provided with pressing plate (100), and described each lifting jack (50) is provided with pressure transducer (101);
The number of described static servo hydraulic control system (1) is four, and described four static servo hydraulic control systems (1) are connected with the lifting jack (50) on right side wall with described base plate, top board, left side wall respectively;
Steel wire corrugated tube (7) is provided with in described model base station (2); The bottom of described model base station (2) is provided with model base fulcrum arrangement (8);
Described static servo hydraulic control system (1) comprises fuel tank (11), oil filter (12) and oil pump (13); Described oil filter (12) is connected with described fuel tank (11) and described oil pump (13) respectively, described oil pump (13) is connected with motor (14) and retaining valve (15), described retaining valve (15) is connected with surplus valve (16), described surplus valve (16) is connected with accumulator (17) and the first liquid electricity switch (21), between described surplus valve (16) and described first liquid electricity switch (21), is provided with the first switch (20);
Described accumulator (17) is connected with the first tensimeter (18), described first tensimeter (18) is connected with air control switch (19), first port of described air control switch (19) is connected with pressure transducer (101), described pressure transducer (101) is connected with the second liquid electricity switch (22), is provided with second switch (30) between described pressure transducer (101) and described second liquid electricity switch (22);
Second port of described air control switch (19) is connected with the second tensimeter (23), air-capacitor (24) and solenoid valve (25); Described solenoid valve (25) is connected with exhaust box (26);
Described air-capacitor (24) is connected with inching switch (27), described inching switch (27) is connected with reduction valve (28), and described reduction valve (28) is connected with pressure valve (29) and source nitrogen (31).
2. overlying strata disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration in coal seam as claimed in claim 1 and extraction experimental system, it is characterized in that: described model base fulcrum arrangement (8) comprises supporting base (9) and anchor and hooks (10), described anchor hook (10) by bolt and nut fixing with supporting base (9).
3. overlying strata disrumpent feelings coal and rock gas migration in coal seam as claimed in claim 1 and extraction experimental system, is characterized in that: described steel plate (6) is rectangle steel.
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CN108088978A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-29 中国矿业大学 A kind of three-dimensional analog simulation experimental rig for adopting strata movement and gas migration

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