CN111060435A - Device and method for well-point dewatering underground water seepage law test - Google Patents
Device and method for well-point dewatering underground water seepage law test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a geotechnical engineering seepage experiment tool, in particular to a device and a method for testing a well-point precipitation groundwater seepage rule. Comprises an experimental model device, a water level control device and a flow monitoring device. The experimental model device comprises an experimental model box, a vertically placed filter plate is arranged in the experimental model box, a hole is formed in the upper portion of the wall surface of one side of the experimental model box and serves as a water level control water outlet pipe orifice, a water faucet is installed above the water level control water outlet pipe orifice, and horizontally placed filter plates and a vertically placed water level partition plate are installed on the lower side and the right side of the water level control water outlet pipe orifice; the other side of the experimental model box is provided with a downcomer, and one end of the downcomer extends into the bottom of the experimental model box; rock soil samples are placed in the areas among the water level partition plates, the filter discs and the filter plates, and a plurality of osmometers are installed in the rock soil samples at equal intervals. The simulation test device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small processing difficulty, low manufacturing cost and lower requirement on test conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a geotechnical engineering seepage experiment tool, in particular to a device and a method for testing a well-point precipitation groundwater seepage rule.
Background
With the continuous development of modern geotechnical engineering, people tend to develop and apply underground space more and more in order to utilize limited land. The buried depth of the underground structure is increased, the scale is enlarged, the buried depth of the foundation of the building foundation is gradually increased, and the construction in the aquifer is inevitably needed in the engineering construction, so that the method is very important for researching the seepage rule of the underground water.
The well point dewatering technology is suitable for construction environment with high underground water level, can reduce the underground water level, can effectively drain water in foundation soil, promotes soil body consolidation and improves foundation strength. In order to enable the well point dewatering technology to exert the expected effect, and to comprehensively and deeply master and improve the well point dewatering technology, the underground water seepage rule and the well point dewatering effect need to be researched, and seepage simulation experiment data is combined, so that the well point dewatering technology is better applied to engineering practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a device for testing the well-point precipitation groundwater seepage law.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a device for well-point precipitation groundwater seepage law test comprises an experiment model device, a water level control device and a flow monitoring device.
The experimental model device comprises an experimental model box, a vertically placed filter plate is arranged in the experimental model box, a hole is formed in the upper portion of the wall surface of one side of the experimental model box and serves as a water level control water outlet pipe orifice, a water faucet is installed above the water level control water outlet pipe orifice, and horizontally placed filter plates and a vertically placed water level partition plate are installed on the lower side and the right side of the water level control water outlet pipe orifice; the other side of the experimental model box is provided with a downcomer, and one end of the downcomer extends into the bottom of the experimental model box; rock soil samples are placed in the areas among the water level partition plates, the filter discs and the filter plates, and a plurality of osmometers are installed in the rock soil samples at equal intervals.
The water level control device comprises a precipitation water level control adjusting frame capable of adjusting the height of the upper position and the lower position, a precipitation water level control support adjusting knob is arranged in the precipitation water level control adjusting frame, a precipitation water level control container is placed on the precipitation water level control adjusting frame, one side of the precipitation water level control container is connected with the experimental model box through a precipitation pipe, and a water outlet pipe of the precipitation water level control container is installed on the other side of the precipitation water level control container in a hole mode.
The flow monitoring device comprises a flow monitoring container, and the flow monitoring container is connected with a water outlet pipe of the precipitation water level control container; the height of the opening of the water outlet pipe of the precipitation water level control container is lower than the opening of the water level control water outlet pipe.
A test method of a device for testing a well-point precipitation groundwater seepage law comprises the following steps.
S100, placing the rock soil sample in an area blocked by a water level partition plate, a filter disc and a filter plate in a test model box, opening a water faucet to slowly inject water into the test model box at a constant speed until the water level reaches the height of a water level control water outlet pipe orifice, enabling the water faucet to stably flow out of the pipe orifice, keeping the water faucet to continuously inject water at a constant speed, and ensuring that the water at the water outlet pipe orifice is continuously and stably flowed out in the whole test process. And (4) injecting water into the precipitation water level control container until water flows out of a water outlet pipe of the precipitation water level control container stably, and stopping injecting water.
And S200, injecting water into the precipitation pipe until water flows stably flow out from the non-water-injection end, plugging ports on two sides of the precipitation pipe, inverting the water injection pipe, and respectively placing the two ports under water level lines of the test model box and the precipitation water level control container.
S300, water flow flows from the test model box in the high water level state to the precipitation water level control container in the low water level state to simulate the drainage process of well point precipitation. And when the water flow stably flows out of the water outlet pipe of the precipitation water level control container again, recording the variation of the water level height in the flow monitoring container in unit time t as delta L, taking the bottom area of the measuring cylinder as A, calculating the water discharge Q in unit time t according to Q = delta L.A, calculating the water level difference delta H at the left end and the right end of the experimental model box, and monitoring and recording the reading of each osmometer in real time under the condition of the unit water discharge.
S400, changing a precipitation water level control bracket adjusting knob arranged in a precipitation water level control adjusting bracket to achieve the purpose of changing the placement height of a precipitation water level control container, so that the relative height of the liquid level in the container is changed, the liquid level difference between the test model box and the precipitation water level control container is changed, and different water discharge amounts Q in unit time and water level differences delta H at the left end and the right end of the test model box are obtained. And repeating the test steps, thereby simulating the precipitation effect of different well points under the condition of different unit time drainage flow Q, and monitoring and recording the readings of the osmometers under different Q in real time for comparative analysis.
S500, performing similar simulation calculation of the experimental model and the actual engineering; taking the length, width and height of the well point dewatering foundation pit in actual engineering as Lr、Sr、HrThe actual lowered water level is Δ HrThe water displacement of the water pump per unit time is QrThe aperture of the water pump is ArThe pumping speed is Vr(ii) a Taking the length, width and height of a model box in the experimental model as Lm、Sm、HmThe difference between the water levels falling from the left side and the right side of the model box is delta HmThe water discharge per unit time is QmThe liquid level rise height of the measuring cylinder in unit time is delta hmThe bottom area of the measuring cylinder is Am；
Establishing a similar simulation relation as follows:
the simulation result of the experimental model is applied to actual engineering, a basis is provided for accurately controlling the variation of the well point precipitation water level, and the water level in the precipitation foundation pit is effectively reduced to the height required by construction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention changes the water level difference by adjusting the height of the precipitation water level control bracket so as to simulate well point precipitation under different drainage flow rates, and calculates the unit drainage by recording the variation of the height of the liquid level in the monitoring container in unit time. And summarizing the drainage effect and the seepage rule of well point rainfall by measuring the height delta H of the rainfall in the experimental model box under different unit water displacement Q and the reading of each osmometer.
Has the following beneficial effects:
1. the simulation test device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small processing difficulty, low manufacturing cost, low requirement on test conditions, easiness in operation and convenience in rapid popularization;
2. the simulation test device provided by the invention can simulate the precipitation effect in the actual well point precipitation project and reveal the seepage distribution condition of underground water in the precipitation process. And (5) popularizing the simulation result to the actual project by using a similar simulation calculation method to guide the construction in the actual well point dewatering project.
3. In the test process, the method for changing the water discharge per unit time is to adjust the precipitation water level to control the height of the adjusting frame, thereby changing the water level difference at two sides of the precipitation pipe to achieve the purpose of changing the water discharge speed; the adjusting knob of the precipitation water level control bracket is only required to be adjusted, the experimental apparatus is not required to be frequently changed, the time can be saved to a great extent, the operation is simple and easy, and the experiment can be carried out by only one person.
4. In the drainage process, the reading change of the osmometer is monitored in real time, the water level height and pore pressure distribution conditions of different measuring points are monitored, and the method has guiding significance for construction progress adjustment and disaster prevention in actual engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a test model box, 2 is a precipitation water level control container, 3 is a precipitation water level control adjusting frame, 4 is a flow monitoring container, 5 is a faucet, 6 is a water level clapboard, 7 is a filter disc, 8 is a filter plate, 9 is a precipitation pipe, 10 is a water level control water outlet pipe orifice, 11 is a precipitation water level control container water outlet pipe, 12 is a precipitation water level control bracket adjusting knob, 13 is an osmometer, 14 is a rock soil sample, and 15 is water.
Detailed Description
The manner of use of the invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A device for well-point precipitation groundwater seepage law test comprises an experiment model device, a water level control device and a flow monitoring device.
The experimental model device comprises an experimental model box 1, a vertically placed filter plate 8 is arranged in the experimental model box 1, a hole is formed in the upper portion of the left side wall surface of the experimental model box 1 and serves as a water level control water outlet pipe orifice 10, a water faucet 5 is installed above the water level control water outlet pipe orifice 10, and a horizontally placed filter disc 7 and a vertically placed water level partition plate 6 are installed on the lower side and the right side of the water level control water outlet pipe orifice 10; a downcomer 9 is arranged on the right side of the experimental model box 1, and one end of the downcomer 9 extends into the bottom of the experimental model box 1; rock soil samples 14 are placed in the areas among the water level partition plates 6, the filter discs 7 and the filter plates 8, and a plurality of osmometers 13 are equidistantly installed in the rock soil samples 14.
The water level control device comprises a precipitation water level control adjusting frame 3 capable of adjusting the upper position and the lower position, a precipitation water level control support adjusting knob 12 is arranged inside the precipitation water level control adjusting frame 3, a precipitation water level control container 15 is placed on the precipitation water level control adjusting frame 3, one side of the precipitation water level control container 2 is connected with an experiment model box through a precipitation pipe 9, and a precipitation water level control container water outlet pipe 11 is installed on the other side of the precipitation water level control container 2 in a hole-opening mode.
The flow monitoring device comprises a flow monitoring container 4, and the flow monitoring container 4 is connected with a water outlet pipe 11 of the precipitation water level control container; the height of the opening of the water outlet pipe 11 of the precipitation water level control container is lower than that of the water level control water outlet pipe opening 10.
Wherein the height of the water outlet pipe 11 of the precipitation water level control container is not higher than the height of the water outlet pipe mouth 10 of the water level control container, namely the height H of the water level at the right side in the precipitation water level control container 21The height h of the liquid level in the container 2 is controlled by the water level of the precipitation1The following relation must be satisfied: h1＞h1. According to the siphon principle, after the liquid is filled in the downcomer 9 by utilizing the action force phenomenon of liquid level difference, the end with the high opening is placed in the 15, and the liquid in the test model box 1 can be continuously communicatedFlows out to the precipitation water level control container 2 through the precipitation pipe 9 as a siphon.
Because of H1＞h1Therefore, according to the pascal's law p = ρ gh, the liquid pressure in the precipitation water level control container 2 is smaller than the liquid pressure in the test model box 1, and in addition, the atmospheric pressure difference caused by the height difference between the two liquid levels in the test model box 1 and the precipitation water level control container 2 can be ignored with respect to the calculated height of the atmospheric pressure of the earth. The pressure at the left end of the precipitation pipe 9 is higher than that at the right end, and under the combined action of atmospheric pressure and liquid pressure, water in the precipitation pipe 9 moves from the test model box 1 to the precipitation water level control container 2. The height h of the water level in the precipitation water level control container 2 can be changed by adjusting the height of the precipitation water level control adjusting frame 31Therefore, the water head △ h is changed, the pressure difference is increased along with the increase of the numerical value of the water head △ h, the drainage flow Q in unit time is increased, and the purpose of simulating well point dewatering under different well point dewatering and drainage conditions is achieved.
The filter disc 7 and the filter plate 8 can strictly prevent the rock soil sample from passing through and do not have barrier lease to water by the selection of materials and installation requirements. The water level partition plate 6 is made of organic glass, so that the rock soil sample can be strictly prevented from passing through the water, and the contact mounting part of the water level partition plate 6 and the filter disc 7 needs to be strictly sealed.
A test method of a device for testing a well-point precipitation groundwater seepage law comprises the following steps:
s100, placing a rock soil sample 14 in a test model box 1, opening a water faucet 5 in an area blocked by a water level partition plate 6, a filter disc 7 and a filter plate 8, slowly filling water into the test model box 1 at a constant speed until the water level reaches the height of a water level control water outlet pipe orifice 10, and stably flowing out of the water level control water outlet pipe orifice 10, and calculating the water discharge in unit time by recording the variation of the liquid level height in a monitoring container in unit time. And summarizing the drainage effect and the seepage rule of well point rainfall by reading the height delta H of the rainfall in the experimental model box under different unit time water displacement Q and the reading of each osmometer.
S200, injecting water into the precipitation pipe 9 until water flows stably flow out from the non-water-injection end, blocking ports on two sides of the precipitation pipe 9, inverting the water injection pipe 9, and respectively placing the two ports under water level lines of the test model box 1 and the precipitation water level control container 2.
S300, water flows from the test model box 1 in the high water level state to the precipitation water level control container 2 in the low water level state, well point precipitation drainage is simulated, when the water flows out of the precipitation water level control container water outlet pipe 11 stably again, the variation delta L of the water level height in the flow monitoring container 4 in unit time is recorded, the drainage Q in unit time is calculated according to Q = delta L & A, and the reading of each osmometer under the condition of the unit drainage Q is monitored and recorded in real time.
S400, changing the precipitation water level control support adjusting knob 12 arranged inside the precipitation water level control adjusting support 3 to achieve the purpose of changing the placement height of the precipitation water level control container 2, so that the liquid level difference between the test model box 1 and the precipitation water level control container 2 is changed, and different water discharge amounts Q in unit time are obtained. And repeating the test steps, thereby simulating the precipitation effect of different well points under the condition of different unit time drainage flow Q, monitoring and recording the readings of the osmometers under different Q in real time, and carrying out comparative analysis.
The height of the water level at the position of the water level control water outlet pipe orifice 10 is recorded as H, and the stable water level after the water is pumped from the right side of the experimental model box 1 is recorded as H1The water head generated by the simulated well point dewatering action of the dewatering pipe 9 is delta H1=H-H1. The height of the liquid level in the precipitation water level control container 2 is recorded as h1Then, a head difference Δ H1= H generating a siphon effect1-h1. When the bottom area of the flow rate monitor container 4 is a, and the amount of change in the height of the liquid surface of the flow rate monitor container 4 per unit time t is Δ L1, the drain amount Q1= Δ L1 ∙ a per unit time t is defined as a
The height of the rainfall level control adjusting frame 3 is changed, and drainage conditions of different well points are simulated.
The following data table is recorded.
It is clear that Δ H-Comparing and analyzing a large amount of data to obtain a variable kiEstablishing a relation Δ Hi=Ki∙Qi. The well point dewatering height delta H is a controllable value, and when the method is applied to engineering practice, the water level of the foundation pit can be effectively reduced to the required height below a working surface by controlling the water displacement Q in unit time.
In the process of dewatering and drainage, the readings of each osmometer under different delta H are monitored in real time, the pore water pressure value P and the underground water level of each point are recorded, the real-time underground water level distribution curve inside the rock soil sample 14 can be drawn, experimental data are provided for maintenance and further construction excavation of a foundation pit, and the method has guiding significance for construction progress adjustment and disaster prevention in actual engineering.
S500, performing similar simulation calculation of the experimental model and the actual engineering, and taking the length, width and height of the well point dewatering foundation pit in the actual engineering as Lr、Sr、HrThe actual lowered water level is Δ HrThe water displacement of the water pump per unit time is QrThe aperture of the water pump is ArThe pumping speed is Vr(ii) a Taking the length, width and height of a model box in the experimental model as Lm、Sm、HmThe difference between the water levels falling from the left side and the right side of the model box is delta HmThe water discharge per unit time is QmThe liquid level rise height of the measuring cylinder in unit time is delta hmThe bottom area of the measuring cylinder is Am。
Establishing a similar simulation relation as follows:
therefore, the simulation result of the experimental model is applied to the actual engineering, the basis is provided for accurately controlling the variation of the well point precipitation water level, and the water level in the precipitation foundation pit is effectively reduced to the height required by construction.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a device that well point dewatering groundwater seepage law is experimental which characterized in that: the device comprises an experimental model device, a water level control device and a flow monitoring device;
the experimental model device comprises an experimental model box (1), a vertically placed filter plate (8) is arranged in the experimental model box (1), a hole is formed in the upper portion of one side wall surface of the experimental model box (1) and serves as a water level control water outlet pipe opening (10), a faucet (5) is installed above the water level control water outlet pipe opening (10), and a horizontally placed filter disc (7) and a vertically placed water level partition plate (6) are installed in the area where the water level control water outlet pipe opening (10) is located; the other side of the experimental model box (1) is provided with a downcomer (9), and one end of the downcomer (9) extends into the bottom of the experimental model box (1); rock-soil samples (14) are placed in the areas among the water level partition plates (6), the filter discs (7) and the filter plates (8), and a plurality of osmometers (13) are arranged in the rock-soil samples (14) at equal intervals;
the water level control device comprises a precipitation water level control adjusting frame (3) capable of adjusting the upper position and the lower position, a precipitation water level control bracket adjusting knob (12) is installed inside the precipitation water level control adjusting frame (3), a precipitation water level control container (2) is placed on the precipitation water level control adjusting frame (3), one side of the precipitation water level control container (2) is connected with an experimental model box through a precipitation pipe (9), and a precipitation water level control container water outlet pipe (11) is installed on the other side of the precipitation water level control container (2) in a hole mode;
the flow monitoring device comprises a flow monitoring container (4), and the flow monitoring container (4) is connected with a water outlet pipe (11) of the precipitation water level control container; the height of the water outlet pipe (11) of the dewatering water level control container arranged in the opening is lower than the water level control water outlet pipe mouth (10).
2. The test method of the device for testing the seepage law of well-point dewatering groundwater as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s100, placing a rock-soil sample (14) in a test model box (1), opening a water faucet (5) in an area blocked by a water level partition plate (6), a filter disc (7) and a filter plate (8), slowly filling water into the test model box (1) at a constant speed until the water level reaches the height of a water level control water outlet pipe orifice (10), and enabling the water faucet (5) to continuously fill water into the test model box (1) in the whole experiment process, wherein the water level reaches the height of the water level control water outlet pipe orifice (10) and then stably flows out of the water level control water outlet pipe orifice (10); injecting water into the precipitation water level control container (2) until water flows out of a water outlet pipe (11) of the precipitation water level control container stably, and stopping injecting water;
s200, injecting water into the precipitation pipe (9) until water flows stably flow out of the non-water-injection end, blocking ports on two sides of the precipitation pipe (9), inverting the water injection pipe (9), and respectively placing the two ports under water level lines of the test model box (1) and the precipitation water level control container (2);
s300, water flow flows from the test model box (1) in the high water level state to the precipitation water level control container (2) in the low water level state, well point precipitation drainage is simulated, when the water flow stably flows out of a water outlet pipe (11) of the precipitation water level control container again, the variation delta L of the water level height in the flow monitoring container (4) in unit time is recorded, the drainage Q in unit time is calculated according to Q = delta L & A, and the reading of each osmometer under the unit drainage condition is monitored and recorded in real time;
s400, changing a precipitation water level control support adjusting knob (12) arranged in a precipitation water level control adjusting support (3) to achieve the purpose of changing the placement height of a precipitation water level control container (2), changing the liquid level difference between a test model box (1) and the precipitation water level control container (2) to obtain different water displacement quantities Q in unit time, repeating the test steps, simulating the precipitation effect of different well points under the condition of different water displacement quantities Q in unit time, and sequentially monitoring and recording the readings of each osmometer under different Q in real time for comparative analysis;
s500, performing similar simulation calculation of the experimental model and the actual engineering; taking the length, width and height of the well point dewatering foundation pit in actual engineering as Lr、Sr、HrThe actual lowered water level is Δ HrTo pump waterThe displacement per unit time of the pump is QrThe aperture of the water pump is ArThe pumping speed is Vr(ii) a Taking the length, width and height of a model box in the experimental model as Lm、Sm、HmThe difference between the water levels falling from the left side and the right side of the model box is delta HmThe water discharge per unit time is QmThe liquid level rise height of the measuring cylinder in unit time is delta hmThe bottom area of the measuring cylinder is Am；
Establishing a similar simulation relation as follows:
the simulation result of the experimental model is applied to actual engineering, a basis is provided for accurately controlling the variation of the well point precipitation water level, and the water level in the precipitation foundation pit is effectively reduced to the height required by construction.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110304668A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-08 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of automatic control device of adjustable groundwater remediation medicament injection depth |
| CN113505549A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-15 | 西南交通大学 | Underground water level simulation method in tidal environment foundation pit dewatering process |
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