CN107884326A - A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution Download PDFInfo
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- CN107884326A CN107884326A CN201711094908.3A CN201711094908A CN107884326A CN 107884326 A CN107884326 A CN 107884326A CN 201711094908 A CN201711094908 A CN 201711094908A CN 107884326 A CN107884326 A CN 107884326A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001499 laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 porous plate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, varying head water system is connected by feed pipe with see-through model bottom portion, outlet pipe is provided with the top of the transparent mould molding box, multi-layer porous cover plate is laid in see-through model bottom portion；The transparent soil sample of saturation is provided with above multi-layer porous cover plate, fluorescer is added in pore-fluid in varying head water system, laser is laid in the outside of transparent mould molding box, and the outside of transparent mould molding box lays CCD camera, pore pressure measurement apparatus is equidistantly laid in transparent mould molding box.The effective stress of active porosity distribution curve and the soil body of the invention using the soil body under osmotic fluid effect is distributed to judge whether the soil body occurs failure by piping, and the rational design for water conservancy structure and Geotechnical Engineering provides foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to piping model test apparatus and application method, more particularly to a kind of simulation soil body failure by piping development
The experimental rig and test method of process, belong to Geotechnical Engineering seepage tests field.
Background technology
In hydraulic engineering and Geotechnical Engineering, the seepage stability of soil layer is the key scientific problems for influenceing building safety.
According to the feature of the local failure caused by osmotic fluid, seepage deformation, which can be divided into, flows soil and two kinds of citation forms of piping, and its
Middle piping refers to that the fine earth particle in the soil body under seepage effect is moved in the pore channel that thick grogs is formed and by band
The phenomenon gone out.Engineering practice shows, under high osmotic strength long term, the basis of building, the dam body of dykes and dams or itself and base
Piping may occur for plinth joint portion, and the data of Ministry of Water Resources of China statistics shows that quality problems cause dykes and dams to have an accident
Main cause, its accounting are 42.5%, and in the accident case caused by quality problems, the ratio of piping is more than sixty percent.Pipe
The generation gushed, development are clearly particle --- the category of-pore scale, but the existing research on piping-typed soils body stability
It is that the component curve based on macroscopic perspective combination soil sample is speculated mostly, lacking the thin science for seeing angle proves, therefore deeply
Particle --- pore scale role and its to piping occurrence condition in stress transmission to thick under osmosis, fine grained
Influence carry out system and deep analysis just seems particularly necessary.
Before patent of the present invention, a kind of China's application patent of invention " hydraulic gradient model experiment dress of Observable inside soil body
Put and test method "（Application number 201310126416.3）, one kind is disclosed by transparent mould molding box, transparent soil, porous plate, hole
The experimental rig of the hydraulic gradient model for the Observable inside soil body that device for pressure measurement, osculum, seal cover board form and experiment
Method.The technical scheme have have a wide range of application, equipment cost is low, experimental rig is simulated the field of force uniformly and test material
The advantages that each several part uniform force；But the experimental rig is unable to destruction of the real simulation soil body under osmotic fluid effect
Journey, cause result of the test not accurate enough.
Model test method, principle is relatively easy, and phenomenon is also directly perceived, it is easier to the conclusion with scientific meaning is drawn, because
This is a kind of effective research meanses.Currently, judge whether the soil body can occur the numerical value of piping under the effect of certain infiltration energy and imitate
True technology, usually can not consider particle be lost in caused by Soil water interactions, therefore can not accurate judgement piping occur with
It is no, and it is existing judge failure by piping occur test method, there is it is many problem of：First, its method is generally basede on contracting
Chi model, it is aided with coherent detection means, but the often model boundary face obtained（Surface）Or internal a small amount of discrete point information,
The essence that piping can not be occurred be fine grained migration and loss law enters Mobile state, holographic obtained.Therefore, designing has
Perspective function so as to realize hologram display fine grained dynamic migration experimental rig and test method to judging that whether piping occurs
More there is theoretical and practical significance；Secondly, riding chain refers to the propagation path of power between material grainses, decides that particulate matter is macroscopical and micro-
The mechanical property of sight, the distribution of soil body effective stress under osmotic fluid effect is can reveal that by riding chain.It is existing more
Documents and materials, simply by the different grain composition of the research soil body or the relation of the effective aperture and particle diameter of studying the soil body
The differentiation whether piping occurs is carried out, and whether piping occurs in itself by chi between the effective stress and hole of soil particle
Very little control.Therefore, designing can be according to the effective of active porosity distribution curve of the soil body during osmosis and the soil body
Stress distribution has very important innovative significance to differentiate whether the soil body occurs failure by piping.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, which is that, overcomes the shortcomings of prior art and defect, by transparent native technology, laser induced fluorescence
Phenomenon technology and trace particle technology are combined with VDIC, propose a kind of experiment dress for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution
Put and test method, using the effective stress of active porosity distribution curve of the soil body under osmotic fluid effect and the soil body be distributed come
Judge whether the soil body occurs failure by piping, the rational design for water conservancy structure and Geotechnical Engineering provides foundation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that including varying head water system, become water
Head water system is connected by feed pipe with see-through model bottom portion, and outlet pipe is provided with the top of the transparent mould molding box,
Multi-layer porous cover plate is laid to simulate under full-scale condition fluid for the percussion of the soil body in see-through model bottom portion；Multilayer is more
The transparent soil sample of saturation is provided with above blind patch, the transparent soil sample of saturation is to be matched somebody with somebody by unformed silicon or the mixing of tekite sand
It is equipped with transparent soil, transparent liquid two-phase mixtures body that the transparency liquid of identical refractive index is formed, the hole in varying head water system
Fluorescer is added in clearance flow body, laser is laid in the outside of transparent mould molding box, and CCD camera is laid in the outside of transparent mould molding box, thoroughly
Pore pressure measurement apparatus is equidistantly laid in bright model casing.
The experimental rig of foregoing a kind of simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that the varying head supplies
Supply tank is provided with water installations, the pore liquid with the transparent soil sample with identical refractive index, supply tank are provided with supply tank
Top be provided with water inlet, the different height of supply tank side wall is provided with altitude valve, supply tank by feed pipe with thoroughly
The bottom of bright model casing is connected, and feed pipe is provided with flowmeter and water inlet pipe water valve, flowmeter are connected with computer, in supply tank
Multiple water level controls are provided with provided with the pore liquid with the transparent soil sample with identical refractive index, and in the different height of side wall
Valve.
A kind of experimental rig of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that transparent mould molding box 15
It is made up of plexiglas, is shaped as cuboid, length is more than 200mm, wide 100mm-200mm, high 400mm-500mm, wall thickness 5mm.
The experimental rig of foregoing a kind of simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that described multilayer is more
Blind patch has intensive aperture identical circular hole, and the aperture of multi-layer porous cover plate is 4mm.
The experimental rig of foregoing a kind of simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that set on outlet pipe
There is outlet pipe water valve.
A kind of experimental rig of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that described varying head
The height of water supply installation is higher than the height of transparent mould molding box.
A kind of experimental rig of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that the pore pressure
Measurement apparatus is pressure-measuring pipe.
A kind of test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that when osmotic fluid passes through multilayer
Perforated decking it is transparent soil infiltration during, the speckle field is continuously shot using CCD camera, after pass through VDIC（Volume number
Word correlation technique）The speckle field of acquisition is analyzed, obtains inside soil body particle relative displacement, relies on the acquisition of laser section
Grain profile, the process for establishing corresponding PFC model to analyze the development of inter-particulate forces chain and develop, disclose the soil body and acted in osmotic fluid
The distribution of lower effective stress, the characteristics of native active porosity is distributed can be obtained in combination with the test method, so as to accurate
Judge whether the soil body can occur piping under varying head effect.
A kind of test method of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that
1）Parameter request according to experiment prepares the transparent soil sample of corresponding saturation, is placed in transparent mould molding box；2）Supplying
Injection has identical refractive index and adds the pore-fluid of fluorescer with transparent soil sample in water tank；
3）Laser is opened, after power stability, the angle of adjustment laser section, it is vertically squeezed into the transparent soil sample of saturation, shape
Into speckle field；
4）The visual range of CCD camera is adjusted, the transparent soil sample of whole saturation can be included, and it is set with the frequency of 2 width/second
Rate gathers image and is sent to computer；
5）An altitude valve is opened in varying head water supply installation so that the water level in supply tank keeps the height of setting；
6）Open water inlet pipe water valve and outlet pipe water valve so that there is identical refractive index with transparent soil sample in varying head water system
And add the pore-fluid of fluorescer and model casing is entered by multi-layer porous cover plate, carry out seepage tests, and by flowmeter and survey
Data transfer detected by pressure pipe is to computer；
7）In seepage flow deformation or destructive process, transparent earth mixtures is discharged by the outlet pipe at the top of model casing；
8）During experiment, the speckle field of acquisition is analyzed by VDIC, obtains inside soil body particle relative displacement, is relied on
Laser section obtains particle outline, the process for establishing corresponding PFC model to analyze the development of inter-particulate forces chain and develop, discloses the soil body
The distribution of effective stress under osmotic fluid effect, having for soil can be obtained by having in combination with transparent soil material in the experimental rig
The characteristics of imitating distribution of pores, whether piping can occur under varying head effect so as to the accurate judgement soil body.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) test model be simple and convenient to operate, economic feasibility it is high；
2) present invention innovatively blends transparent native technology, laser induced fluorescence imaging technique, VDIC and PFC model, can
To simulate soil body failure by piping evolution under seepage effect, to carry out piping experimental study and Analysis on Mechanism, piping is built
Permeate visible model testing platform.By to the height of water level in varying head water system and changing for transparent native match ratio
Become, multifactor lower piping permeability test, research stress state (σ), seepage flow head boundary condition (△ H/t), fines can be carried out
The influence of content (Ff), controlling feature particle diameter ratio (Dc35/d85) to piping, piping genesis mechanism is disclosed, is provided for follow-up study
Experimental basis.
3) instant invention overcomes before simply by the different grain composition of the research soil body or effective hole of the soil body
The relation of footpath and particle diameter carries out judging the weak point whether piping occurs, and occurs from piping, develops essential angle design and go out profit
It is distributed with the effective stress of active porosity of the soil body under osmotic fluid effect and the soil body to judge experiment that whether piping occurs
Device and application method, there is very important innovative significance.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description：
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of the model test apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Perforated decking schematic diagram of the present invention；
Wherein：1 is water inlet；2 be altitude valve；3 be supply tank；4 be feed pipe；5 be water inlet pipe water valve；6 be computer；
7 be flowmeter；8 be CCD camera；9 be laser；10 be transparent soil；11 be multi-layer porous cover plate；12 be pore pressure measurement dress
Put；13 be outlet pipe water valve；14 be outlet pipe；15 be transparent mould molding box.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
A kind of experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that including varying head water system, become water
Head water system is connected by feed pipe 4 with the bottom of transparent mould molding box 15, and the top of the transparent mould molding box 15 is provided with water outlet
Pipe 14, multi-layer porous cover plate 11 is laid in see-through model bottom portion and is made to simulate impact of the fluid for the soil body under full-scale condition
With；The transparent soil sample of saturation is provided with above multi-layer porous cover plate, the transparent soil sample of saturation is by unformed silicon or tekite
Transparent soil, the transparent liquid two-phase mixtures body that the transparency liquid that sand mixed configuration has identical refractive index is formed, supply water in varying head
Fluorescer is added in pore-fluid in system, laser 9, the outside peace of transparent mould molding box are laid in the outside of transparent mould molding box 13
CCD camera 8 is put, pore pressure measurement apparatus 12 is equidistantly laid in transparent mould molding box.
The experimental rig of foregoing a kind of simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that the varying head supplies
Supply tank is provided with water installations, the pore liquid with the transparent soil sample with identical refractive index, supply tank 3 are provided with supply tank
Top be provided with water inlet 1, the different height of the side wall of supply tank 3 is provided with altitude valve 2, supply tank 3 passes through feed pipe 4
It is connected with the bottom of transparent mould molding box 15, feed pipe 4 is provided with flowmeter 7 and water inlet pipe water valve 5, flowmeter 7 and the phase of computer 6
Even, the pore liquid with the transparent soil sample with identical refractive index is provided with supply tank, and is provided with the different height of side wall
Multiple altitude valves.
A kind of experimental rig of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that transparent mould molding box 15
It is made up of plexiglas, is shaped as cuboid, length is more than 200mm, wide 100mm-200mm, high 400mm-500mm, wall thickness 5mm.
The experimental rig of foregoing a kind of simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that described multilayer is more
Blind patch has intensive aperture identical circular hole, and the aperture of multi-layer porous cover plate 11 is 4mm.
The experimental rig of foregoing a kind of simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that on outlet pipe 14
Provided with outlet pipe water valve 13.
A kind of experimental rig of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that described varying head
The height of water supply installation is higher than the height of transparent mould molding box.
A kind of experimental rig of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that the pore pressure
Measurement apparatus is pressure-measuring pipe.
A kind of test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that when osmotic fluid passes through multilayer
Perforated decking it is transparent soil infiltration during, the speckle field is continuously shot using CCD camera, after pass through VDIC（Volume number
Word correlation technique）The speckle field of acquisition is analyzed, obtains inside soil body particle relative displacement, relies on the acquisition of laser section
Grain profile, the process for establishing corresponding PFC model to analyze the development of inter-particulate forces chain and develop, disclose the soil body and acted in osmotic fluid
The distribution of lower effective stress, the characteristics of native active porosity is distributed can be obtained in combination with the test method, so as to accurate
Judge whether the soil body can occur piping under varying head effect.
A kind of test method of foregoing simulation soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that
1) the transparent soil sample of corresponding saturation is prepared according to the parameter request of experiment, be placed in transparent mould molding box；
2) injection has identical refractive index and adds the pore-fluid of fluorescer with transparent soil sample in supply tank；
3) laser is opened, after power stability, the angle of adjustment laser section, it is vertically squeezed into the transparent soil sample of saturation, shape
Into speckle field；
4) visual range of CCD camera is adjusted, the transparent soil sample of whole saturation can be included, and it is set with the frequency of 2 width/second
Rate gathers image and is sent to computer；
5) altitude valve is opened in varying head water supply installation so that the water level in supply tank keeps the height of setting；
6) water inlet pipe water valve and outlet pipe water valve are opened so that there is identical refractive index with transparent soil sample in varying head water system
And add the pore-fluid of fluorescer and model casing is entered by multi-layer porous cover plate, carry out seepage tests, and by flowmeter and survey
Data transfer detected by pressure pipe is to computer；
7) seepage flow deformation or destructive process in, transparent earth mixtures by the top of model casing outlet pipe discharge；
8) during testing, the speckle field of acquisition is analyzed by VDIC, obtains inside soil body particle relative displacement, is relied on
Laser section obtains particle outline, the process for establishing corresponding PFC model to analyze the development of inter-particulate forces chain and develop, discloses the soil body
The distribution of effective stress under osmotic fluid effect, having for soil can be obtained by having in combination with transparent soil material in the experimental rig
The characteristics of imitating distribution of pores, whether piping can occur under varying head effect so as to the accurate judgement soil body.
The effect of the fluorescer is to distinguish solid-liquid interface, determines solid phase particles form and pore morphology, its
Middle solid phase particles form is to establish the foundation of PFC model, and pore morphology is for determining soil body active porosity diameter.
Described VDIC refers to volume digital correlation technique（Volumetric Digital Image Correlation）, it is
It is a kind of based on principle of computer vision, a kind of non-contact, non-interfering optical measurement mechanics method of numerical operation, setting in this method
Standby simple and strong antijamming capability, has very extensive application in current mechanical test field.This method in the present invention
Effect be the relative displacement and strain that can measure the transparent soil body before and after failure by piping, be follow-up inter-particulate forces chain acquisition
Support is provided.
Embodiment：
The first step：The pore-fluid with respective indices of refraction is mixed at normal temperatures using unformed silicon or tekite sand, is gone forward side by side
Row is stirred well to soil sample homogeneous transparent and is configured to transparent native 10, during configuration transparent native 10, keeps local environment temperature
Spend constant, and add fluorescer in transparent soil sample；
Other any transparent soil configurations should all belong to scope of the invention；
In smooth place, lay transparent mould molding box 15, keep uniform light in place, in this example transparent mould molding box 15 by
Plexiglas is made, and the size of transparent mould molding box 15 is 300（It is long）×150（It is wide）×450（It is high）（Unit：mm）, wall thickness 5mm.
The pressure-measuring pipe 12 equidistantly laid in transparent mould molding box 15 can measure the water at different seepage paths length in test sample
Head, and then the barometric gradient of sample diverse location can be calculated.
The bottom of transparent mould molding box 15 sets multi-layer porous cover plate 11, to simulate under full-scale condition current for the soil body
Percussion, the aperture of multi-layer porous cover plate 11 is 4mm, and the top of transparent mould molding box 15 sets outlet pipe 14.
Outlet pipe water valve 13 is provided with outlet pipe 14.
Transparent native 10 layering configured is put into transparent mould molding box 15.
Second step：A kind of experimental rig and test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, including water supply installation
（Supply tank 3）, the top of supply tank 3 is provided with water inlet 1, the different height of side wall is provided with altitude valve in supply tank 3
2, by opening the altitude valve 2 of different height, the height of water level in supply tank 3 can be adjusted, so as to realize that regulation is supplied water
The size of head.Supply tank 3 is connected by feed pipe 4 with the bottom of transparent mould molding box 15.Injection and transparent soil in supply tank 3
10 have identical refractive index and add the pore-fluid of fluorescer, and the height in supply tank 3 is higher than the height of transparent mould molding box 15.
Flowmeter 7 and water inlet pipe water valve 5 are provided with feed pipe 4, flowmeter 7 is connected with computer 6, and flowmeter 7 can be with
Read the flow in water inlet pipe 4.
3rd step：Laser 9 employed in the front of transparent mould molding box 15 placement laser 9, this example is half
Conductor sheet laser laser, power 2V.Laser 9 is opened, the angle of adjustment laser section make it that it is vertical and is directed at transparent mould
The central shaft of molding box 15 squeezes into transparent native 10, forms speckle field, and laser 9 is vertical with the alien invasion of transparent mould molding box 15 apart
450mm。
4th step：CCD phases employed in the left side of transparent mould molding box 15 or right side placement CCD camera 8, this example
Machine 8 is German Basler products（scA1600-14fm）, the height and angle of the adjustment support of CCD camera 8 so that CCD camera 8
The alien invasion of alignment lenses transparent mould molding box 15, obtains preferable visual range, can include whole transparent native 10, CCD
Camera 8 and computer 6, and it is set with the frequency collection image of 2 width/second and is sent to computer 6, CCD camera 8 and transparent mould
The alien invasion of molding box 15 is vertically at a distance of 250mm.
5th step：Open a certain altitude valve 2 of supply tank 3 so that so that the water level in supply tank 3 keeps setting
Highly.
6th step：Open water inlet pipe water valve 5 and outlet pipe water valve 13 so as to transparent native 10 with corresponding in supply tank 4
Refractive index simultaneously adds the pore-fluid of fluorescer and passes sequentially through water inlet pipe 4 and multi-layer porous cover plate 11 and enter transparent mould molding box 15,
Complete the process of failure by piping.The pore pressure measurement apparatus 12 set by the side wall of transparent mould molding box 15 can read examination in real time
Pore pressure value at sample difference elevation.
7th step：After transparent native 10 complete unstable failure in the presence of the osmotic fluid, gained destroy after mixture by
Outlet pipe 14 is discharged, and completes experiment.
8th step；During experiment, the speckle field of acquisition is analyzed by VDIC, it is relative to obtain inside soil body particle
Displacement, laser section is relied on to obtain particle outline, the mistake for establishing corresponding PFC model to analyze the development of inter-particulate forces chain and develop
Journey, the distribution of soil body effective stress under osmotic fluid effect is disclosed, is had in combination with transparent soil material in the experimental rig
The characteristics of active porosity distribution of soil can be obtained, whether can be sent out under the effect of certain infiltration energy so as to the accurate judgement soil body
Raw piping.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that including varying head water system, become
Head water system is connected by feed pipe with see-through model bottom portion, and outlet pipe is provided with the top of the transparent mould molding box,
Multi-layer porous cover plate is laid in see-through model bottom portion to simulate under full-scale condition fluid for the percussion of the soil body；Multilayer
The transparent soil sample of saturation is provided with above Perforated decking, the transparent soil sample of saturation is to be mixed by unformed silicon or tekite sand
Transparent soil, transparent liquid two-phase mixtures body that the transparency liquid of identical refractive index is formed are configured with, in varying head water system
Fluorescer is added in pore-fluid, laser is laid in the outside of transparent mould molding box, and CCD camera is laid in the outside of transparent mould molding box,
Pore pressure measurement apparatus is equidistantly laid in transparent mould molding box.
A kind of 2. experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State and supply tank is provided with varying head water supply installation, the Pore Solution with the transparent soil sample with identical refractive index is provided with supply tank
Body, the top of supply tank are provided with water inlet, the different height of supply tank side wall are provided with altitude valve, supply tank passes through confession
Water pipe is connected with the bottom of transparent mould molding box, and feed pipe is provided with flowmeter and water inlet pipe water valve, flowmeter are connected with computer,
Be provided with the pore liquid with the transparent soil sample with identical refractive index in supply tank, and side wall different height be provided with it is multiple
Altitude valve.
3. a kind of experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution according to claim 2, it is characterised in that thoroughly
Bright model casing is made up of plexiglas, is shaped as cuboid, and length is more than 200mm, wide 100mm-200mm, high 400mm-500mm,
Wall thickness 5mm.
A kind of 4. experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The multi-layer porous cover plate stated has intensive aperture identical circular hole, and the aperture of multi-layer porous cover plate is 4mm.
A kind of 5. experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Outlet pipe is provided with outlet pipe water valve.
A kind of 6. experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The height for the varying head water supply installation stated is higher than the height of transparent mould molding box.
A kind of 7. experimental rig for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It is pressure-measuring pipe to state pore pressure measurement apparatus.
8. a kind of test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution, it is characterised in that when osmotic fluid is more through multilayer
Blind patch it is transparent soil infiltration during, the speckle field is continuously shot using CCD camera, after by VDIC to being dissipated
Spot field is analyzed, and obtains inside soil body particle relative displacement, is relied on laser section to obtain particle outline, is established corresponding PFC moulds
Process of the type to analyze the development of inter-particulate forces chain and develop, the distribution of soil body effective stress under osmotic fluid effect is disclosed, together
When with reference to the test method can obtain soil active porosity distribution the characteristics of, so as to the accurate judgement soil body varying head make
Whether piping can occur under.
A kind of 9. test method for simulating soil body failure by piping evolution according to claim 8, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
Step 1：Parameter request according to experiment prepares the transparent soil sample of corresponding saturation, is placed in transparent mould molding box；
Step 2：Injection has identical refractive index and adds the pore-fluid of fluorescer with transparent soil sample in supply tank；
Step 3：Laser is opened, after power stability, the angle of adjustment laser section, it is vertically squeezed into the transparent soil of saturation
Sample, form speckle field；
Step 4：Adjust CCD camera visual range, the transparent soil sample of whole saturation can be included, and set its with 2 width/
The frequency collection image of second is simultaneously sent to computer；
Step 5：An altitude valve is opened in varying head water supply installation so that the water level in supply tank keeps the height of setting
Degree；
Step 6：Open water inlet pipe water valve and outlet pipe water valve so that have in varying head water system with transparent soil sample identical
Refractive index simultaneously adds the pore-fluid of fluorescer and enters model casing by multi-layer porous cover plate, carries out seepage tests, and by flow
Meter and the data transfer detected by pressure-measuring pipe to computer；
Step 7：In seepage flow deformation or destructive process, transparent earth mixtures is discharged by the outlet pipe at the top of model casing；
Step 8：During experiment, the speckle field of acquisition is analyzed by VDIC, obtains inside soil body particle with respect to position
Move, rely on laser section to obtain particle outline, the process for establishing corresponding PFC model to analyze the development of inter-particulate forces chain and develop,
The distribution of soil body effective stress under osmotic fluid effect is disclosed, having in combination with transparent soil material in the experimental rig to obtain
The characteristics of active porosity distribution fetched earth, whether piping can occur under varying head effect so as to the accurate judgement soil body.
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Application publication date: 20180406 |