CN110441212A - A kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulation monitoring device and simulation monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulation monitoring device and simulation monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000917 particle-image velocimetry Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001499 laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940094933 n-dodecane Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102100020760 Ferritin heavy chain Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101001002987 Homo sapiens Ferritin heavy chain Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000827 velocimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulation monitoring device, including transparent vessel, the dam model in transparent vessel and the image capturing system outside transparent vessel；Transparent vessel is divided into upstream region and downstream area by the dam model；Liquid is held in the upstream region and downstream area；The liquid includes transparent solvent and fluorescer；Described image acquisition system includes the laser for irradiating dam model and the CCD camera for shooting dam model；Fluorescer of the laser excitation infiltration in dam model, the liquid for making to permeate in dam model is shinny, and speckle image occurs in dam model；Speckle image in the CCD camera shooting and monitoring dykes and dams.The present invention is by the transparent soil body, and penetrates into the liquid of the transparent soil body, realizes the seepage deformation inside non-intervention type observation dykes and dams；The stress field inside dam model is obtained by laser Induced Fluorescence Technology, Particle Image Velocimetry obtains the seepage field inside dam model.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil mechanics experimental technique field, in particular to a kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulation monitoring device and
Simulate monitoring method.
Background technique
Dykes and dams seepage failure accounts for first of various dangerous situations in dykes and dams dangerous situation.But material sheet used by conventional chambers dykes and dams are tested
Body is opaque, and traditional test method often can only obtain the seepage flow situation of soil body surface, for the seepage flow situation of inside soil body
Then it is difficult to obtain.Domestic and foreign scholars have carried out many researchs thus, propose many solutions.But these solutions are often
It is the placement sensor in dam body, test result can be interfered.And it tests high expense and also limits these methods
It is widely applied.
With the development of digital image processing techniques and the application of image acquisition technology, tied using artificial synthesized transparent soil
The transparent native experimental technique for closing Digital image technology progress inside soil body seepage deformation measurement has obtained wide application.The skill
Art can not only economically realize the visual inspection of inside soil body, it eliminates test method and does to soil body penetration deformation in addition
It disturbs, there is biggish application prospect.However, the method has some limitations in acquisition seepage field of embankments and stress field, it is single
One image can not obtain the seepage flow inside dykes and dams in the case where no database constrains model as priori knowledge
, it cannot achieve three-dimensional reconstruction.
Planar laser-induced fluorescence (Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence, PLIF) technology is a kind of quilt
Exploitation is used to describe the optical technology of gas and liquid two phases fluid flow condition.This technology can be used for qualitative (visualization) and fixed
The inside of measurement transparent substance, including concentration, temperature, speed etc..When a plane is excited by laser light-piece, can highlight
Ground shows the pore liquid of fluorescent dye insertion, this makes solid particle and pore liquid form distinct shadow comparison.In soil
The image obtained in any plane in earth sample will include having higher light intensities pore liquid and compared with the soil of low light intensities
Particle allows to identify particle using conventional imaging technique.
Particle image velocimetry method (Particle Image Velocimetry, PIV) basic principle is: dispensing in flow field
Trace particle illuminates institute's flow measurement field areas using pulse laser sheet laser, by twice in succession or multiple exposure, the image of particle
It is recorded in egative film or CCD camera, using optics Young fringe method, correlation method or cross-correlation method, handles PIV egative film or CCD
The image of record, calculates the velocity vector of each point in flow field, and calculates other exercise parameters (including flow field velocity vector
Figure, velocity component figure, motion pattern etc.).In essence, what PIV was measured is the speed of particle in flow field, is to utilize to dispense in
The preferable trace particle of followability in fluid represents the flow field velocity of particle position.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulation monitoring device and simulation monitoring side
Universe has can be achieved to realize so that the observation of dykes and dams seepage deformation seepage field, stress field is visible and has continuity in method
The transparent visual purpose of dykes and dams process of osmosis.
Technical solution: the present invention proposes a kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulation monitoring device, including transparent vessel, be located at it is transparent
Transparent dam model in container and the image capturing system outside transparent vessel；
Transparent vessel is divided into upstream region and downstream area by the dam model；It is contained in the upstream region and downstream area
Tapping body；The liquid includes transparent solvent and fluorescer；
Described image acquisition system includes the laser for irradiating dam model and the CCD camera for shooting dam model；
Fluorescer of the laser excitation infiltration in dam model, the liquid for making to permeate in dam model is shinny, dam model
There is speckle image；Speckle image in the CCD camera shooting and monitoring dykes and dams.
Further, trace particle is also evenly distributed in the liquid in the upstream region and downstream area；The laser
Device illuminates the liquid in dam model；Trace particle image in the CCD camera shooting and monitoring dam model.
Further, the laser emits sheet laser；The upstream-side end surface of sheet laser covering dam model and
Downstream-side end surface；Laser direction of plane where perpendicular to sheet laser translates, so that sheet laser is to dykes and dams mould
Type scanning.
Further, the laser is two, and the sheet laser for emitting coincidence above and below dam model respectively shines
Penetrate dam model.
Further, the dam model includes dam body and is placed in the intracorporal impervious body in dam；The dam body is by transparent solid-state soil
Body fills composition；The impervious body is consolidated by the transparent solid-state soil body and transparent solvent pressurization, for preventing upstream region
Liquid infiltrates into downstream area from dam body.
Further, the transparent solid-state soil body is identical with the refractive index of transparent solvent.
Further, the upstream region and downstream area have been respectively communicated with liquid level regulating tank.
A kind of simulation monitoring method of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulates monitoring device, packet using above-mentioned dykes and dams seepage deformation
Include following steps:
Step 1: dam model is arranged in transparent vessel, transparent vessel is divided into upstream region and downstream area；
Step 2: liquid is held in the upstream region and downstream area, and the liquid of upstream region and downstream area
Liquid level has certain difference；The liquid includes transparent solvent, trace particle and fluorescer；
Step 3: opening CCD camera, dam model is shot；
Step 4: the laser above and below dam model is opened, the sheet laser irradiation dike that two laser transmittings are overlapped
Dam model；Laser direction of plane where perpendicular to sheet laser translates, so that sheet laser sweeps dam model
It retouches；
Step 5: the speckle image that analysis CCD camera shooting obtains, is handled, the figure under more different operating conditions by particle picture
Picture obtains contact force frequency distribution；
Step 6: trace particle issues light under laser irradiation in the speckle image of acquisition, trace particle image is analyzed,
The velocity vector of each trace particle in flow field is calculated, and analyzes seepage flow picture of the fluid obtained in transparent soil, is obtained
Seepage field of embankments.
The utility model has the advantages that 1. present invention pass through the transparent solid-state soil body, and the liquid of the transparent solid-state soil body is penetrated into, it is described
Liquid includes transparent solvent, trace particle and fluorescer, and the universe for realizing dam model is transparent, and non-intervention type is observed in dykes and dams
The seepage deformation in portion excludes influence of the built-in sensors to test；
2. obtaining 3-D stree field, particle by the seepage deformation that laser Induced Fluorescence Technology is observed inside dam model
Image velocimetry obtains the three-dimensional seepage field inside dam model；
3. the present invention can simulate different dykes and dams type or seepage proof curtain by the way that impervious body is placed in dam body different location.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is main view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is top view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is axonometric drawing of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the speckle image in dam model acquired in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulation monitoring device, including transparent vessel 1, be located at it is saturating
Dam model in bright container 1 and the image capturing system outside transparent vessel 1.
The dam model includes dam body 2 and the impervious body 7 that is placed in dam body 2；The dam body 2 is filled out by the transparent solid-state soil body
Build composition；The impervious body is consolidated by the transparent solid-state soil body and transparent solvent pressurization, for preventing the liquid of upstream region 3
Downstream area 4 is infiltrated into from dam body 2.The impervious body can be placed in dam body different location, to simulate core wall dam, sloping core
The dam bodys such as dam, inclined-wall dam type or seepage proof curtain.Transparent vessel is divided into upstream region 3 and downstream area by the dam model
4；Liquid is held in the upstream region 3 and downstream area 4；The liquid includes transparent solvent and fluorescer.
The transparent solid-state soil body is identical with the refractive index of transparent solvent.The transparent solid-state soil body can select silica,
Then transparent solvent selects the mixed liquor of n-dodecane and atoleine.
In the present embodiment, dam body 2 is filled by transparent tekite sand.The impervious body 7 by silicon powder, n-dodecane and
The mixed liquor of atoleine is by being mixed, pressurization consolidation is made, and can pass through control silicon powder mesh number composition and added consolidation
The difference of pressure, forms the impervious body of varying strength and infiltration coefficient, the refractive index and n-dodecane of silicon powder and atoleine
The refractive index of mixed liquor is identical.Silicon powder and tekite sand are same substance, and raw material is silica, dioxide-containing silica
Greater than 99%, the refractive index of the two is consistent；Material used by the dam model is transparent material, and light transmittance is greater than 95%
The upstream region 3 and downstream area 4 have been respectively communicated with liquid level regulating tank 8.
Described image acquisition system includes the laser 5 for irradiating dam model and the CCD for shooting dam model
Camera 6.The CCD camera 6 is arranged in 1 front side of transparent vessel；Described 1 the upper side and lower side of transparent vessel is respectively disposed with bar shaped rail
Road 9, the laser are two, are separately mounted on the bar shaped track 9 of the upper side and lower side, can front and back sliding.
Described two lasers 5 emit the sheet laser irradiation dykes and dams mould of coincidence above and below dam model respectively
Type；The upstream-side end surface and downstream-side end surface of the sheet laser covering dam model；The laser 5 swashs along perpendicular to sheet
The direction translation of plane where light, so that sheet laser scans entire dam model.
Fluorescer of the excitation of laser 5 infiltration in dam model, makes to permeate the liquid greening in dam model
Light, tekite sand inside unstressed configuration substance ultimately form bright dark clearly demarcated speckle image so tekite sand is in blackening；
Speckle image in the 6 shooting and monitoring dykes and dams of CCD camera, before and after solid particle in blackening image under different operating conditions
Displacement, obtain contact force frequency distribution, to obtain the stress field of dykes and dams seepage deformation.
Trace particle, trace particle followability are also evenly distributed in liquid in the upstream region 3 and downstream area 4
By force, reflective is good, and density is equal with solution density.The laser 5 illuminates the liquid in dam model；The CCD camera 6
Trace particle image in shooting and monitoring dam model.The laser issued by laser 5 is extended to one by sheet laser lens group
A sheet laser, pulse spacing illuminate flow field regions to be measured twice, irradiate record flow field synusia by CCD camera 6 respectively twice
Image digitazation, is then sent into computer by the image of middle fluidized particle, and the image recorded is divided into many small examine
Disconnected window, in the time interval of laser pulse emission twice, by being based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) between two diagnostic windows
Computing cross-correlation realize the calculating that is displaced in diagnostic region of particle.By the displacement vector of all diagnostic windows, obtain complete
Instantaneous speed profile, i.e. seepage field.
The upstream region 3 and downstream area 4 have been respectively communicated with liquid level regulating tank 8.The liquid level regulating tank 8 can be with
Free regulating liquid surface height, and then control the liquid level of upstream region 3 and downstream area 4.
A kind of simulation monitoring method of dykes and dams seepage deformation simulates monitoring device, packet using above-mentioned dykes and dams seepage deformation
Include following steps:
Step 1: dam model is arranged in transparent vessel 1, transparent vessel 1 is divided into upstream region 3 and downstream area 4；
Step 2: holding liquid in the upstream region 3 and downstream area 4, and the liquid of upstream region 3 and downstream area 4
The liquid level of body has certain difference；The liquid includes transparent solvent, trace particle and fluorescer；
Step 3: opening CCD camera 6, dam model is shot；
Step 4: the laser 5 above and below dam model is opened, the sheet laser irradiation that two transmittings of laser 5 are overlapped
Dam model；The laser 5 direction of plane where perpendicular to sheet laser translates, so that sheet laser is to dam model
Scanning；
Step 5: the speckle image that the analysis shooting of CCD camera 6 obtains, by particle picture processing software, under more different operating conditions
Image, obtain contact force frequency distribution, inquire under coupling stress transfer path net in dykes and dams from mesoscopic statistics angle
The evolving trend of network；
Step 6: trace particle issues light under laser irradiation in the speckle image of acquisition, handled by particle picture soft
Part calculates the velocity vector of each point in flow field using optics Young fringe method, correlation method or cross-correlation method, and calculates
The exercise parameters such as flow field velocity polar plot, velocity component figure, motion pattern analyze seepage flow of the fluid obtained in dam model
Picture obtains the seepage field of dam model.
Claims (8)
1. monitoring device is simulated in a kind of dykes and dams seepage deformation, it is characterised in that: including transparent vessel (1), be located at transparent vessel (1)
Interior transparent dam model and it is located at the image capturing system of transparent vessel (1) outside；
Transparent vessel is divided into upstream region (3) and downstream area (4) by the dam model；The upstream region (3) and under
Liquid is held in trip region (4)；The liquid includes transparent solvent and fluorescer；
Described image acquisition system includes the CCD phase for irradiating the laser of dam model (5) and for shooting dam model
Machine (6)；Fluorescer of laser (5) the excitation infiltration in dam model, the liquid for making to permeate in dam model is shinny,
There is speckle image in dam model；Speckle image in CCD camera (6) the shooting and monitoring dykes and dams.
2. monitoring device is simulated in dykes and dams seepage deformation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the upstream region (3)
Trace particle is also evenly distributed with in the liquid in downstream area (4)；The laser (5) illuminates the liquid in dam model
Body；Trace particle image in CCD camera (6) the shooting and monitoring dam model.
3. monitoring device is simulated in dykes and dams seepage deformation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: laser (5) hair
Penetrate sheet laser；The upstream-side end surface and downstream-side end surface of the sheet laser covering dam model；The laser (5) is along vertical
Directly the direction of plane where sheet laser translates, so that sheet laser scans dam model.
4. monitoring device is simulated in dykes and dams seepage deformation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the laser (5) is
Two, emit the sheet laser irradiation dam model of coincidence above and below dam model respectively.
5. monitoring device is simulated in dykes and dams seepage deformation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the dam model includes
Dam body (2) and the impervious body (7) being placed in dam body (2)；The dam body (2) is filled by the transparent solid-state soil body to be constituted；The antiseepage
Body is consolidated by the transparent solid-state soil body and transparent solvent pressurization, for preventing the liquid of upstream region (3) from permeating from dam body (2)
To downstream area (4).
6. monitoring device is simulated in dykes and dams seepage deformation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the transparent solid-state soil body
It is identical with the refractive index of transparent solvent.
7. monitoring device is simulated in dykes and dams seepage deformation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the upstream region (3)
Liquid level regulating tank (8) have been respectively communicated with downstream area (4).
8. a kind of simulation monitoring method of dykes and dams seepage deformation, which is characterized in that using as described in claim 4-7 any one
Dykes and dams seepage deformation simulate monitoring device, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: dam model is arranged in transparent vessel (1), transparent vessel (1) is divided into upstream region (3) and catchment
Domain (4)；
Step 2: holding liquid, and upstream region (3) and downstream area in the upstream region (3) and downstream area (4)
(4) liquid level of liquid has certain difference；The liquid includes transparent solvent, trace particle and fluorescer；
Step 3: opening CCD camera (6), dam model is shot；
Step 4: the laser (5) above and below dam model is opened, the sheet laser that two laser (5) transmittings are overlapped
Irradiate dam model；The laser (5) direction of plane where perpendicular to sheet laser translates, so that sheet laser is to dike
Dam model scanning；
Step 5: the speckle image that analysis CCD camera (6) shooting obtains, is handled by particle picture, under more different operating conditions
Image obtains contact force frequency distribution；
Step 6: trace particle issues light under laser irradiation in the speckle image of acquisition, trace particle image is analyzed,
The velocity vector of each trace particle in flow field is calculated, and analyzes seepage flow picture of the fluid obtained in transparent soil, is obtained
Seepage field of embankments.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111157406A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-05-15 | 中南大学 | Migration and barrier test system and method for non-aqueous phase liquid pollutants in underground water |
| CN111307686A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Experimental device and method for observing deformation of dam impervious wall based on PIV technology |
| CN113203671A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-03 | 长安大学 | Laser type permeable pavement permeability coefficient testing device and method |
| CN114965205A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-08-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for calculating permeability coefficient of pore aquifer based on flow velocity and flow direction measurement |
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