CN111220588A - Flow field radiation convergence and dispersion measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness - Google Patents
Flow field radiation convergence and dispersion measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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- G01N21/6402—Atomic fluorescence; Laser induced fluorescence
Abstract
The invention discloses a flow field radiation gathering and scattering measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness, which comprises the steps of respectively obtaining images of silicon oil with fluorescent pigments, which are irradiated by ultraviolet light to generate fluorescence under at least two different known oil film thicknesses above a water body, and analyzing the images to obtain a gray value corresponding to fluorescence intensity; calculating according to the known oil film thickness and the gray value to obtain the relation of the oil film thickness and the gray value; and calculating the fluctuation condition of the radiation and dispersion of the silicone oil with the fluorescent pigment on the surface of the water body according to the fluorescent image of the silicone oil and the relationship between the thickness of the oil film and the gray value, which are shot under the conditions that the water body is static and disturbed respectively. The method enhances the intuitiveness of detection, has low cost, small data amount to be processed, simple post-processing steps and greatly reduced difficulty. The method is convenient for carrying out quantitative analysis on the intensity of the radiation and dispersion fluctuation of the surface fluid, and has certain help for summarizing the rule of the fluid surface radiation and dispersion phenomenon caused by the underwater or water surface navigation body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrodynamic analysis, in particular to a flow field radiation scattering measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness.
Background
In nature, sea water fluctuates due to natural factors such as wind, gravity, geological conditions, and the like. When an underwater or water-surface navigation body passes by, radiation convergence and radiation phenomena (such as kelvin waves and internal wave reflection waves) with obvious texture characteristics are formed on the water surface. The space scale of the trace generated by the passing of the navigation body is very large, so the special flow field characteristics can be an important signal source for judging whether an underwater or water surface moving target passes through, and the related technology in the field has great military significance and engineering practical significance for exploring and tracking the underwater and water surface moving target.
Among conventional experimental methods for exploring the morphology of surface fluctuations of a fluid, an optical method is preferred by researchers because of its interference resistance, non-contact property and temporal property. The traditional optical methods include a dyeing dominant technology, a shadow photography technology, a schlieren technology and the like, and the experimental results generated by observing the flow field by the traditional optical methods are visual images, so that the traditional optical methods are not suitable for carrying out accurate quantitative calculation and analysis on the traditional optical methods. New optical flow field measurement techniques have been developed, and experimental observation of flow field fluctuation using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is the mainstream method. The PIV technology mainly depends on scattering tracing particles moving along with fluid on the surface of the fluid, a detected flow field area is illuminated through a laser sheet light source parallel to the surface of the fluid, light is scattered into a camera perpendicular to the surface of the fluid from the tiny particles, and flow information about the flow field is obtained after processing. The technology is mature at present and is generally applied to the fields of fluid mechanics and marine dynamics, and the effect and the advantage of the experiment are self-evident. But its disadvantages are also very significant: the PIV technology has certain limitation, and the fluctuation amplitude cannot be accurately measured; the PIV technology has very high requirements on experimental instruments for collecting flow field information, and expensive double-shutter cameras are often needed, so that the experimental cost is increased; experimental data obtained by the PIV technology is complex, post-processing steps are complex, and the final experimental result can be obtained by processing the data for a long time.
At present, the detection method of the fluid surface wave dynamic form is basically a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The principle is that tracer particles are artificially added into a measured flow field, ultraviolet light is adjusted to be a sheet-shaped light source, the flow field is illuminated in a direction parallel to the flow field, the tracer particles moving along the flow field scatter laser to a camera in a direction vertical to the water surface, and then an image of the tracer particles obtained by the camera is processed to obtain a velocity image of the flow field. Therefore, the PIV technology reflects the fluctuation condition of the fluid surface through the motion condition of the trace particles, only can analyze the fluctuation form of the fluid surface, and cannot accurately judge the amplitude and the like of the fluctuation; in addition, the PIV technology needs a high-precision image collecting device (camera) and high-following tracer particles, so that the experiment cost is increased; in addition, the PIV experiment steps are complex, and the data obtained after the experiment is finished are complex, so that more time is needed in the post-processing stage, and the difficulty of the post-processing is higher.
In view of this, it is crucial to design a new method for detecting the flow field fluctuation form.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims at solving the problems that the existing detection method is high in experiment cost, complex in steps, complex in finally obtained data, high in post-processing difficulty and the like. An embodiment of the present application aims to provide a flow field radiation scattering measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art section above.
The embodiment of the application provides a flow field radiation convergence and dispersion measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness, which comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively obtaining images of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment which generates fluorescence under the irradiation of ultraviolet light under at least two different known oil film thicknesses above the water body, and analyzing the images to obtain a gray value corresponding to the fluorescence intensity;
s2: calculating according to the known oil film thickness and the gray value to obtain the relation of the oil film thickness and the gray value; and
s3: and calculating the fluctuation condition of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment on the surface of the water body in radiation and radiation according to the fluorescent image of the silicon oil and the relation between the thickness of the oil film and the gray value of the gray value, which are shot under the conditions that the water body is static and disturbed respectively.
When the oil film thickness is changed due to liquid level fluctuation, the ultraviolet induced fluorescence intensity is changed, and the purpose of observing the radiation convergence and dispersion phenomenon on the surface of the fluid is achieved by measuring the fluorescence intensity. The method is low in cost and simple in steps, can visually reflect the fluctuation characteristics of the fluid surface, is convenient for researchers to carry out quantitative analysis on the fluctuation characteristics, and has a certain reference value for searching and detecting underwater and surface aircrafts.
In some embodiments, step S1 specifically includes:
s11: silicone oil with fluorescent pigment at a certain height is configured in a transparent vessel, and the transparent vessel is placed in a container, so that the horizontal symmetry line of the silicone oil in the transparent vessel is flush with the surface of the water body in the container;
s12: shooting an image of fluorescence generated by the silicone oil under the irradiation of ultraviolet light by using an optical camera perpendicular to the surface of the silicone oil;
s13: analyzing the gray value corresponding to the fluorescence in the image; and
s14: and respectively carrying out the steps S11-S13 under at least two different known oil film thicknesses to obtain corresponding different gray values under different known oil film thicknesses.
By measuring images of fluorescence generated by ultraviolet excitation of silicone oil with fluorescent pigment under different oil film thicknesses and gray values thereof, the relationship between the oil film thickness and the gray values is conveniently established.
In some embodiments, the horizontal line of symmetry of the silicone oil is recorded as a reference height relative to the height above the container. Because the light intensity of the fluorescence is related to the ultraviolet irradiation distance, the influence and the error of the irradiation distance on the measurement can be reduced when the measurement is carried out at the same reference height.
In some embodiments, step S3 specifically includes:
s31: spreading the silicone oil with the fluorescent pigment in the transparent vessel on the surface of the water body, so that the surface height of the silicone oil is consistent with the reference height;
s32: respectively irradiating the silicon oil by ultraviolet light when the water body is static and under the disturbed condition, obtaining fluorescence images of the silicon oil when the water body is static and disturbed by shooting through an optical camera perpendicular to the surface of the silicon oil, and calculating to obtain gray values of the fluorescence images when the water body is static and disturbed;
s33: calculating the corresponding oil film thickness according to the gray value of the fluorescence image when the oil film is static and disturbed by combining the relation between the oil film thickness and the gray value; and
s34: and (3) carrying out post-processing on the gray values of the fluorescence images in the static state and the disturbed state to obtain the fluctuation condition of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment in the radiation and radiation on the surface of the water body.
And the fluctuation condition of the water surface radiation and dispersion is further obtained by measuring the thickness change of the oil film when the water body is static and disturbed.
In some embodiments, the heights photographed by the optical cameras of step S32 and step S12 are kept consistent, and the height irradiated by the ultraviolet light is also kept consistent. Therefore, errors caused by shooting by the optical camera and the ultraviolet irradiation distance can be reduced.
In some embodiments, when the optical camera is a color camera, RGB channel data of the color camera are respectively extracted as gray values to be respectively calculated, and the oil film thickness of the silicone oil when the water body is disturbed is an average value of the oil film thicknesses of the silicone oil when the water body is disturbed, which is calculated according to the RGB channel data. The method can also be used for shooting through a color camera, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to use a double-shutter camera with high price, the method greatly reduces the detection cost and increases the feasibility of the experiment.
In some embodiments, the oil film thickness-gray value relationship comprises a linear relationship constant. According to the rule that the intensity of the fluorescent signal is in a linear relation with the thickness of the fluorescent oil film in the Lambert-Beer law, the stronger the intensity of the fluorescent signal is, the thicker the fluorescent oil film is relatively. Therefore, the surface fluctuation condition of the fluid can be obtained according to the fluorescence intensity, the data required to be processed in the experiment is less, the post-processing steps are simplified, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to process a large amount of complicated data, the method greatly shortens the post-processing time.
In some embodiments, the concentration of the fluorescent pigment in the silicone oil with the fluorescent pigment is 0.3 g/L. At this concentration, the silicone oil solution is translucent and exhibits an obvious fluorescence phenomenon after excitation, and is considered to be the optimal state.
In some embodiments, the body of water comprises a saline solution having a stable density stratification. Under the condition, the environment of seawater in the ocean can be simulated, so that the measurement is more accurate.
Compared with the existing Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), the invention has the advantages that the radiation-gathering and radiation-scattering phenomenon on the surface of the fluid is indirectly detected by utilizing the rule that the intensity of a fluorescence signal is in a linear relation with the thickness of a fluorescent oil film, stronger fluorescence can be generated by dissolving a small amount of fluorescent pigment in solvent silicone oil, the phenomenon is intuitive and obvious, the fluctuation condition of a detected water area can be obtained by using a common optical camera, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to use a double-shutter camera with high price, the invention greatly reduces the detection cost and increases the feasibility of an experiment. According to the rule that the intensity of the fluorescent signal is in a linear relation with the thickness of the fluorescent oil film in the Lambert-Beer law, the stronger the intensity of the fluorescent signal is, the thicker the fluorescent oil film is relatively. Therefore, the surface fluctuation condition of the fluid can be obtained according to the fluorescence intensity, the data required to be processed in the experiment is less, the post-processing steps are simplified, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to process a large amount of complicated data, the method greatly shortens the post-processing time. On one hand, the form of the flow field surface wave can be analyzed, on the other hand, the related data of the fluctuation amplitude can be directly obtained, and the limitation of the PIV technology on the aspect of detecting the fluctuation amplitude is solved. The optical filter is arranged on the camera and only receives visible light exciting a fluorescence waveband, so that the influence of visible light of other wavebands on experimental data and experimental results in the experimental process is eliminated, the interference of the surrounding environment is less, the limitation on the detection environment is lower, and the experimental results are more accurate. The invention is suitable for the detection experiment of the radiation focus radiation field in a larger water area and provides a reference scheme for detecting whether an underwater or water surface navigation body passes through.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a flow field radiation scattering measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of step S1 of the method for measuring the radiation of the flow field based on the fluorescence brightness of the oil film according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reference height measurement of a flow field radiation scattering measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of step S3 of the method for measuring the radiation of the flow field based on the fluorescence brightness of the oil film according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus used in the method for measuring the radiation of the flow field based on the fluorescence brightness of the oil film according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The applicant of the invention finds, through research, a research for detecting water surface oil spill by using ultraviolet induced fluorescence in the field of marine oil spill detection. The detection method irradiates the spilled oil on the sea surface with ultraviolet light, the fluorescent substance in the oil is excited to generate fluorescence, and the position and the range of the spilled oil can be judged through the fluorescence area. According to the Lambert-Beer law, the intensity of the induced fluorescence signal is in linear relation with the thickness of the fluorescent oil film. By combining the characteristics of the two aspects, the fluorescent oil film can be designed to be flatly laid on the surface of the fluid, the thickness of the fluorescent oil film is represented by the intensity of ultraviolet induced fluorescence, and then the surface hydrodynamic data of the fluid is obtained. The research of detecting ocean oil spill by ultraviolet induced fluorescence and the Lambert-Beer law make the method for detecting the radiation and dispersion phenomena on the surface of the fluid possible.
The embodiment of the application discloses a flow field radiation scattering measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s1: respectively obtaining images of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment which generates fluorescence under the irradiation of ultraviolet light under at least two different known oil film thicknesses above the water body, and analyzing the images to obtain a gray value corresponding to the fluorescence intensity;
s2: calculating according to the known oil film thickness and the gray value to obtain the relation of the oil film thickness and the gray value; and
s3: and calculating the fluctuation condition of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment on the surface of the water body in radiation and radiation according to the fluorescent image of the silicon oil and the relation between the thickness of the oil film and the gray value of the gray value, which are shot under the conditions that the water body is static and disturbed respectively.
When the oil film thickness is changed due to liquid level fluctuation, the ultraviolet induced fluorescence intensity is changed, and the purpose of observing the radiation convergence and dispersion phenomenon on the surface of the fluid is achieved by measuring the fluorescence intensity. The method is low in cost and simple in steps, can visually reflect the fluctuation characteristics of the fluid surface, is convenient for researchers to carry out quantitative analysis on the fluctuation characteristics, and has a certain reference value for searching and detecting underwater and surface aircrafts.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, step S1 specifically includes:
s11: silicone oil with fluorescent pigment at a certain height is configured in a transparent vessel, and the transparent vessel is placed in a container, so that the horizontal symmetry line of the silicone oil in the transparent vessel is flush with the surface of the water body in the container;
s12: shooting an image of fluorescence generated by the silicone oil under the irradiation of ultraviolet light by using an optical camera perpendicular to the surface of the silicone oil;
s13: analyzing the gray value corresponding to the fluorescence in the image; and
s14: and respectively carrying out the steps S11-S13 under at least two different known oil film thicknesses to obtain corresponding different gray values under different known oil film thicknesses.
In step S11, the silicone oil and the fluorescent pigment are measured based on the area of the observation water area (i.e., the area of the experimental tank), and the fluorescent pigment is dissolved in the silicone oil to prepare a silicone oil solution of the fluorescent pigment. In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the fluorescent pigment in the silicone oil with the fluorescent pigment is about 0.3 g/L. At the moment, the silicone oil solution is semitransparent and has obvious fluorescence phenomenon after being excited, and the silicone oil solution is regarded as the optimal state. In addition, the fluorescent dye is selected from nontoxic, harmless, hydrophobic and oleophylic substances, and the silicone oil is selected from nontoxic, harmless and surface tension lower than that of water. By measuring images of fluorescence generated by ultraviolet excitation of silicone oil with fluorescent pigment under different oil film thicknesses and gray values thereof, the relationship between the oil film thickness and the gray values is conveniently established.
In a particular embodiment, the horizontal symmetry line of the silicone oil is recorded as a reference height with respect to the height above the container. Because the light intensity of the fluorescence is related to the ultraviolet irradiation distance, the influence and the error of the irradiation distance on the measurement can be reduced when the measurement is carried out at the same reference height. Because of the limitation of conditions, the specific technical scheme is based on a detection method for measuring the radiation convergence and radiation of the flow field in a laboratory. Under laboratory conditions, the cuvette may be selected as a beaker, the vessel may be selected as a water vat, and the height of the certain height in step S11 is selected as 10 cm. Therefore, a silicone oil solution with a fluorescent pigment with the height of 10cm can be prepared in a beaker to serve as a reference height measuring solution, and the height of the silicone oil solution on the experimental water vat corresponding to the horizontal symmetry line is recorded. The specific process is as shown in fig. 3, the beaker is placed into an empty water jar, then the beaker is lifted to be close to the height of the water jar estimated to be drained, and the height corresponding to 5cm of high silicone oil solution (the horizontal central symmetry line of 10cm of high silicone oil solution) in the beaker is marked on the water jar. Of course, other silicone oil solutions of different heights can be selected.
The ultraviolet lamp uses 365nm ultraviolet rays, and the light of the ultraviolet lamp is fully covered on the beaker. The wavelength of the light source used by the ultraviolet lamp is not limited to 365nm, and the ultraviolet light can be used. The camera port of the optical camera was aligned vertically to the liquid level of the beaker, and a 524nm filter (only receiving green light) was attached to the optical camera port to filter the light, record the image when the solution fluoresces and extract the grey value g 10. The camera used can be a color camera, and RGB channels of the color camera can be respectively extracted when the color camera image is analyzed, and three groups of data are recorded by r10, g10 and b 10. The optical filter is arranged on the camera and only receives visible light exciting a fluorescence waveband, so that the influence of visible light of other wavebands on experimental data and experimental results in the experimental process is eliminated, the interference of the surrounding environment is less, the limitation on the detection environment is lower, and the experimental results are more accurate. And (3) repeating the step S11 to prepare silicone oil solutions of fluorescent pigments with other heights, keeping the height of the horizontal symmetry line of the silicone oil solutions consistent with the height of the horizontal symmetry line of the step S11, specifically, adjusting the height of the beaker to enable the central horizontal line of the silicone oil solutions with other heights to be the same as the reference height and enable the other heights to be equal to at least two different known oil film thicknesses, and repeating the steps S12-S13 to observe the gray value g 20. The camera used can be a color camera, and RGB channels of the color camera can be respectively extracted when the color camera image is analyzed, and three groups of data are recorded by r20, g20 and b 20. And then establishing a fluorescent oil film thickness-gray scale linear relation expression F by applying post-processing software (matlab, originPro and the like).
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, step S3 specifically includes:
s31: spreading the silicone oil with the fluorescent pigment in the transparent vessel on the surface of the water body, so that the surface height of the silicone oil is consistent with the reference height;
s32: respectively irradiating the silicon oil by ultraviolet light when the water body is static and under the disturbed condition, obtaining fluorescence images of the silicon oil when the water body is static and disturbed by shooting through an optical camera perpendicular to the surface of the silicon oil, and calculating to obtain gray values of the fluorescence images when the water body is static and disturbed;
s33: calculating the corresponding oil film thickness according to the gray value of the fluorescence image when the oil film is static and disturbed by combining the relation between the oil film thickness and the gray value; and
s34: and (3) carrying out post-processing on the gray values of the fluorescence images in the static state and the disturbed state to obtain the fluctuation condition of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment in the radiation and radiation on the surface of the water body.
And the fluctuation condition of the water surface radiation and dispersion is further obtained by measuring the thickness change of the oil film when the water body is static and disturbed.
In a specific embodiment, the heights photographed by the optical cameras of step S32 and step S12 are kept consistent, and the height irradiated by the ultraviolet light is also kept consistent. Therefore, errors caused by shooting by the optical camera and the ultraviolet irradiation distance can be reduced.
In a specific embodiment, when the optical camera is a color camera, RGB channel data of the color camera are respectively extracted as gray values to be respectively calculated, and the oil film thickness of the silicone oil when the water body is disturbed is an average value of the oil film thicknesses of the silicone oil when the water body is disturbed, which is calculated according to the RGB channel data. The method can also be used for shooting through a color camera, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to use a double-shutter camera with high price, the method greatly reduces the detection cost and increases the feasibility of the experiment.
In a specific embodiment, the oil film thickness-gray value relationship comprises a linear relationship constant. According to the rule that the intensity of the fluorescent signal is in a linear relation with the thickness of the fluorescent oil film in the Lambert-Beer law, the stronger the intensity of the fluorescent signal is, the thicker the fluorescent oil film is relatively. Therefore, the surface fluctuation condition of the fluid can be obtained according to the fluorescence intensity, the data required to be processed in the experiment is less, the post-processing steps are simplified, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to process a large amount of complicated data, the method greatly shortens the post-processing time.
In a particular embodiment, the body of water comprises a brine solution having a stable density stratification. Under the condition, the environment of seawater in the ocean can be simulated, so that the measurement is more accurate. The fluorescence images are shot under the conditions that the water body is set to be static and disturbed under the laboratory condition, so that the disturbance source is firstly placed under the water, and the disturbance source placed under the water can disturb the experimental water body, so that the density stratification of the experimental water body is broken. And preparing saline solution with corresponding salinity according to experimental requirements. And slowly inputting pure water on the basis of the saline solution, controlling the position of the horizontal line of the surface of the experimental water body slightly below the reference height, and standing for a certain time to ensure that the experimental water body has stable density stratification. The standing time is generally set to be 12h and is adjusted according to the size of the water body. An ultraviolet lamp with a wavelength of 365nm is also used, and the light of the ultraviolet lamp completely irradiates on a fluorescent oil film on the surface of the fluid in the measured range. The camera port of the optical camera is vertically aligned with a horizontal flow field to be detected, the shooting height of the optical camera is kept consistent, a 524nm optical filter (only receiving green light) is arranged on the optical camera port for filtering, an image when the solution generates fluorescence at the moment is recorded, and a gray value g1 is extracted. The camera used can be a color camera, and RGB channels of the color camera can be respectively extracted when the color camera image is analyzed, and three groups of data are recorded by r1, g1 and b 1.
And adjusting parameters of the disturbance source according to experimental requirements, and starting the disturbance source to enable the surface of the water body to fluctuate. At this time, the optical camera records the fluorescence image of the water surface in the disturbance generation process, and extracts the corresponding gray value gx. The camera used can be a color camera, and RGB channels of the color camera can be respectively extracted when the color camera images are analyzed, so that the three groups of data rx, gx and bx can be recorded. And combining the obtained relation F between the oil film thickness and the gray value, wherein the used camera can be a color camera, RGB channels of the color camera can be respectively extracted when the color camera image is analyzed, and three groups of data are recorded F1, F2 and F3. And analyzing the observation image to obtain related data for detecting the radiation convergence and radiation dispersion phenomenon of the flow field. According to the linear relation F (F1, F2 and F3) of the thickness of the fluorescent oil film and the gray level, the corresponding oil film thickness H is calculated by utilizing the gray level value in the image (three groups of estimated heights H1, H2 and H3 are obtained for the color image), and then the fluctuation condition of the radiation divergence of the fluid surface is calculated. And finally, recognizing and observing the surface fluctuation change of the experimental water body by post-processing the recorded gray level image. The used tool of the post-processing can be image post-processing software or a written algorithm, the step only operates the gray data of the image, and the key point is to obtain the characteristic of the surface wave dynamic form change of the experimental water body. And thus will not be described in detail.
Under the condition of a laboratory, the method for measuring the flow field radiation convergence and dispersion based on the oil film fluorescence brightness can adopt a device consisting of the following modules for measurement. As shown in fig. 5, the specific placement positions of all the devices are not shown in fig. 5, and the device includes an experimental water body preparation module, an image acquisition and post-processing module, an induction light source module, a fluorescent oil film preparation module, and an experimental disturbance source module. The experimental water body preparation module comprises an experimental observation water tank 1 and a density layering experimental water body 2, the image acquisition and post-processing module comprises an optical camera 3, an optical filter 4, an image acquisition card and a post-processing computer 5, the induction light source module comprises a 365nm ultraviolet lamp 6, the fluorescent oil film preparation module comprises a silicone oil solution 7 of fluorescent pigment, the experimental disturbance source module comprises an underwater disturbance source 8 and mainly comprises a model and a dragging driving device, and the experiment is taken as an example in the embodiment and is used for detecting the influence of underwater dragging disturbance on the radiation convergence and dispersion on the surface of the experimental water body. Other perturbation modules are dominated by specific conditions.
Compared with the existing Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), the invention has the advantages that the radiation-gathering and radiation-scattering phenomenon on the surface of the fluid is indirectly detected by utilizing the rule that the intensity of a fluorescence signal is in a linear relation with the thickness of a fluorescent oil film, stronger fluorescence can be generated by dissolving a small amount of fluorescent pigment in solvent silicone oil, the phenomenon is intuitive and obvious, the fluctuation condition of a detected water area can be obtained by using a common optical camera, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to use a double-shutter camera with high price, the invention greatly reduces the detection cost and increases the feasibility of an experiment. According to the rule that the intensity of the fluorescent signal is in a linear relation with the thickness of the fluorescent oil film in the Lambert-Beer law, the stronger the intensity of the fluorescent signal is, the thicker the fluorescent oil film is relatively. Therefore, the surface fluctuation condition of the fluid can be obtained according to the fluorescence intensity, the data required to be processed in the experiment is less, the post-processing steps are simplified, and compared with the PIV technology which needs to process a large amount of complicated data, the method greatly shortens the post-processing time. On one hand, the form of the flow field surface wave can be analyzed, on the other hand, the related data of the fluctuation amplitude can be directly obtained, and the limitation of the PIV technology on the aspect of detecting the fluctuation amplitude is solved. The optical filter is arranged on the camera and only receives visible light exciting a fluorescence waveband, so that the influence of visible light of other wavebands on experimental data and experimental results in the experimental process is eliminated, the interference of the surrounding environment is less, the limitation on the detection environment is lower, and the experimental results are more accurate. The invention is suitable for the detection experiment of the radiation focus radiation field in a larger water area and provides a reference scheme for detecting whether an underwater or water surface navigation body passes through.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention herein disclosed is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other arrangements formed by any combination of the above features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A flow field radiation scattering measurement method based on oil film fluorescence brightness is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: respectively obtaining images of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment which generates fluorescence under the irradiation of ultraviolet light under at least two different known oil film thicknesses above a water body, and analyzing the images to obtain a gray value corresponding to the fluorescence intensity;
s2: calculating according to the known oil film thickness and the gray value to obtain an oil film thickness-gray value relation; and
s3: and calculating the fluctuation condition of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment on the surface of the water body in the manner of radiation and dispersion according to the fluorescence images of the silicon oil and the relation between the thickness and the gray value of the oil film, which are shot under the conditions that the water body is static and disturbed respectively.
2. The method for measuring the radiation spread of the flow field based on the oil film fluorescence brightness according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises:
s11: arranging the silicone oil with the fluorescent pigment at a certain height in a transparent vessel, and placing the transparent vessel in a container to enable the horizontal symmetry line of the silicone oil in the transparent vessel to be flush with the surface of the water body in the container;
s12: shooting the image of fluorescence generated by the silicone oil under the irradiation of ultraviolet light by an optical camera perpendicular to the surface of the silicone oil;
s13: analyzing the gray value corresponding to the fluorescence in the image; and
s14: and respectively performing the steps S11-S13 under at least two different known oil film thicknesses to obtain corresponding different gray values under different known oil film thicknesses.
3. The method for measuring flow field radiation based on oil film fluorescence brightness according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal symmetry line of the silicone oil is recorded as a reference height relative to the height on the container.
4. The method for measuring the radiation spread of the flow field based on the oil film fluorescence brightness according to claim 3, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises:
s31: spreading the silicone oil with the fluorescent pigment in the transparent vessel on the surface of the water body, so that the surface height of the silicone oil is consistent with the reference height;
s32: irradiating the silicon oil by ultraviolet light when the water body is static and under the disturbed condition respectively, shooting by the optical camera perpendicular to the surface of the silicon oil to obtain fluorescence images of the silicon oil when the water body is static and under the disturbed condition, and calculating to obtain gray values of the fluorescence images when the water body is static and under the disturbed condition;
s33: calculating the corresponding oil film thickness according to the gray value of the fluorescence image when the oil film is static and disturbed by combining the relation between the oil film thickness and the gray value; and
s34: and carrying out post-processing on the gray values of the fluorescence images in the static state and the disturbed state to obtain the fluctuation condition of the silicon oil with the fluorescent pigment in the radiation and dispersion on the surface of the water body.
5. The method for measuring the radiation divergence of the flow field based on the oil film fluorescence brightness according to claim 4, wherein the heights photographed by the optical camera in the steps S32 and S12 are consistent, and the height irradiated by ultraviolet light is also consistent.
6. The method for measuring flow field radiation convergence and radiation based on oil film fluorescence brightness according to claim 4, wherein when the optical camera is a color camera, RGB channel data of the color camera are respectively extracted as gray values to be respectively calculated, and the oil film thickness of the silicone oil when the water body is disturbed is an average value of the oil film thicknesses of the silicone oil when the water body is disturbed, the average value being calculated according to the RGB channel data.
7. The oil film fluorescence brightness-based flow field radiation scattering measurement method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the oil film thickness-gray value relationship comprises a linear relationship constant.
8. The oil film fluorescence brightness based flow field radiation dispersion measurement method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the concentration of the fluorescent pigment in the silicone oil with fluorescent pigment is 0.3 g/L.
9. The oil film fluorescence brightness based flow field radiation scattering measurement method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the body of water comprises a saline solution with stable density stratification.
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