CN106525137A - Liquid film temperature field and flow field simultaneous measurement method based on laser induced fluorescence - Google Patents
Liquid film temperature field and flow field simultaneous measurement method based on laser induced fluorescence Download PDFInfo
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- CN106525137A CN106525137A CN201611118103.3A CN201611118103A CN106525137A CN 106525137 A CN106525137 A CN 106525137A CN 201611118103 A CN201611118103 A CN 201611118103A CN 106525137 A CN106525137 A CN 106525137A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of two-phase/multi-phase flow measurement, aims to realize the non-intrusive and high precision synchronization acquisition of the flow parameters of a liquid film in (outside) a pipeline and temperature field distribution, and is used for the deep study of a liquid film flow characteristic, a heat transfer characteristic and the like. The employed technical scheme is that according to the liquid film temperature field and flow field simultaneous measurement method based on laser induced fluorescence, when a liquid film with dissolved fluorescent dye forms a dynamic liquid film in a pipeline inner/outer wall or a flat panel, a liquid film fluorescence image is taken through a high speed camera, for a same taken fluorescence image, based on a high speed calibration parameter, the geometric feature of the liquid film fluorescence image is accurately extracted, and flow field characteristics comprising a liquid film thickness and a velocity are obtained. At the same time, based on a calibrated temperature-fluorescence intensity calibration curve, laser intensity calibration and a fluorescence intensity extraction method, a liquid film fluorescence image brightness is accurately extracted, and the instantaneous and time averaged temperature field distribution of the liquid film are obtained. The method is mainly applied to a two-phase/multi-phase flow measurement occasion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biphase/multiphase flow measurement field, more particularly to a kind of to be based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) (PLIF) technology
Liquid film temperature field and flow field simultaneously measuring method.
Background technology
Liquid film has at aspects such as chemical industry, electrical cooling, desalinizations extensive due to its efficient Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics
It is most important for research liquid film heat transfer property and flow regime using, its temperature field and information of flow.As falling film evaporator is made
For a kind of efficient evaporation equipment, its principle is the high-efficiency evaporating heat transfer character that make use of vertical falling liquid film in pipe, wherein evaporation is passed
Heat is calculated for falling film reboiler design, technological process improvement and appraisal of equipment etc. all have important effect, and liquid film is thick
The heat transfer coefficient in the information of flow such as degree and side of liquid film temperature field is requisite Parameter Conditions.
For the measurement in liquid film temperature field, mainly there is contact and contactless two kinds.Contact method, it is such as widely used
Thermocouple, thermal resistance etc. be only capable of realizing point measurement that and stream field and temperature field can produce interference.Contactless temperature-measuring method is such as
Radiant type, spectrum-type, laser interference formula etc. can realize non-intrusive measurement, obtain the thermo parameters method in certain area, dynamic
Response is fast, but there is also some problems, and such as liquid film in pipeline, infrared thermal imaging (belonging to radiant type thermometric) is easily managed
The interference of road surface temperature, it is difficult to accurately obtain liquid film thermo parameters method.For liquid film flow field survey, mainly have at present electricity,
The measurement means such as optics, ultrasound.The signal that wherein conducting probe can only be near detector, and there is average effect, it is thick in liquid film
When spending larger, signal sensitivity can be reduced, even if being also difficult to obtain sufficiently high spatial and temporal resolution using many conductance electrode arrays,
Ultrasonic measurement is higher for the tranmitting frequency and signal to noise ratio requirement of ultrasound wave, and the liquid film for flowing on flat board is more effective, pole
The earth limits its range of application.Therefore, high-spatial and temporal resolution, non-intruding " field " survey in liquid film temperature field and flow field how to be realized
Amount, or even realize that measurement is with very important Research Significance and using value while liquid film temperature field and flow field.
The content of the invention
To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is contemplated that proposing a kind of based on planar laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technology
Liquid film temperature field and flow field simultaneously measuring method, can with non-intruding, the accurately synchronous stream for obtaining (outward) liquid film in pipeline
Dynamic parameter and thermo parameters method, for the further investigation of thin film drainage characteristic and Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics etc..What the present invention was adopted
Technical scheme is, the measuring method simultaneously of the liquid film temperature field and flow field based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), when being dissolved with fluorescent dye
Liquid film when dynamic liquid film is formed on pipeline inside/outside wall or flat board, liquid film fluoroscopic image is absorbed by high speed camera, for taking the photograph
The same width fluoroscopic image for taking, based on high speed camera calibrating parameters, accurately extracts liquid film fluoroscopic image geometric properties, and acquisition includes
The Field Characteristics of thickness of liquid film, velocity of wave；Meanwhile, based on calibrated temperature-fluorescence intensity calibration curve, laser intensity calibration with
And fluorescence intensity extracting method, accurate extracting solution liquid film fluoroscopic image brightness, obtain liquid film instantaneously and time averaged temperature field distribution.
Further comprise the following steps that in one example：
First, high speed camera is demarcated, obtains camera internal reference matrix, to obtain between image pixel and space length
Accurate corresponding relation, for the measurement including the Field Characteristics including thickness of liquid film, velocity of wave；
2nd, liquid film temperature field is demarcated, the fluoroscopic image of liquid film under different known temperatures is obtained by high speed camera,
Liquid film temperature fluorescence intensity linear relationship is obtained by image procossing and least square linear fit；
3rd, high speed camera working distance is adjusted, exciting light is filtered by optical filter, absorbed liquid film fluoroscopic image, and wrapped
Include gray processing, difference shadow, the Image semantic classification of filtering；
4th, thin film drainage pattern measurement
(1) pretreated liquid film fluoroscopic image is entered into row threshold division, isolates the effective two-value region of liquid film；
(2) based on high speed camera high-precision calibrating parameter, ask for the thickness of liquid film feature on thin film drainage direction；
(3) the liquid film Time-space serial image based on intake, solves the Statistical Charateristics of thin film drainage parameter, and based on mutual
Correlation technique, obtains liquid film wave feature and the flow parameters such as velocity of wave, wave frequency.
5th, the acquisition of liquid film temperature
(1) correction is compensated to the laser intensity on thin film drainage direction and laser propagation direction；
(2) based on pretreated liquid film fluoroscopic image and the preferred averaging method of gray scale, extract the liquid film in test window
Fluorescence intensity；
(3) based on demarcate liquid film temperature fluorescence intensity relation, obtain liquid film instantaneously with time averaged temperature field distribution.
The characteristics of of the invention and beneficial effect are：
The present invention is based on planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technology, realizes to surveying while liquid film temperature field and flow field
Amount.Compared with traditional measurement mode, the invention non-invasively not only can obtain " field " flow performance in certain visual field and
Thermo parameters method, with good spatial and temporal resolution, and the same width fluoroscopic image by absorbing, stream can be gone out with simultaneous extraction
And temperature field parameters, accuracy is high, for analysis thin film drainage characteristic and heat transfer character characteristic etc. is with incomparable excellent
Gesture.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the liquid film temperature field based on PLIF and flow field survey principle (by taking liquid film in pipeline as an example).
Fig. 2 is the liquid film temperature field based on PLIF and flow field parameter measurement procedure figure.
Liquid film fluoroscopic image (after gray processing) and thermo parameters method figure that Fig. 3 is obtained for actual photographed.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is applied to the temperature field and flow field of liquid film in pipeline and measures simultaneously, can equally be well applied to outside pipeline, level
And the temperature field and flow field of tilt flat plate liquid film stream measures simultaneously.
Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technology due to its non-intruding, high-spatial and temporal resolution, field measurement outstanding advantage,
Become the cutting edge technology and focus of analysis liquid film and entrainment etc. at present, but be typically only used for obtaining flow parameter and fluidal texture.
The present invention is based on Planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF), realizes measuring while liquid film temperature field and flow field.By fluorescent agent
Rhodamine B is dissolved in liquid film, is fallen in central axis using the laser of 532nm and is illuminated flow field, added with the high speed of optical filter
Camera absorbs liquid film fluoroscopic image perpendicular to laser plane, removes noise by series of preprocessing and liquid film fluoroscopic image is entered
Row strengthens.For the same width fluoroscopic image for absorbing, based on image procossing and high speed camera calibrating parameters, obtain thickness of liquid film,
The Field Characteristics such as velocity of wave, meanwhile, calibrated based on laser intensity and temperature-fluorescence intensity calibration curve, extract liquid film fluorescence intensity
And obtain instantaneous and time averaged temperature field distribution.
Concrete grammar is as follows：
1st, high speed camera is demarcated, obtains camera internal reference matrix, to obtain between image pixel and space length
Accurate corresponding relation, for the high-acruracy survey of the Field Characteristics such as thickness of liquid film, velocity of wave；
2nd, liquid film temperature field is demarcated, the fluoroscopic image of liquid film under different known temperatures is obtained by high speed camera,
Liquid film temperature fluorescence intensity linear relationship is obtained by image procossing and least square linear fit；
3rd, high speed camera working distance is adjusted, exciting light is filtered by optical filter, absorbed liquid film fluoroscopic image, and carry out gray scale
The a series of images pretreatment such as change, difference shadow, filtering；
4th, thin film drainage pattern measurement
(1) pretreated liquid film fluoroscopic image is entered into row threshold division, isolates the effective two-value region of liquid film；
(2) based on high speed camera high-precision calibrating parameter, ask for the thickness of liquid film feature on thin film drainage direction；
(3) the liquid film Time-space serial image based on intake, solves the Statistical Charateristics of thin film drainage parameter, and based on mutual
Correlation technique, obtains liquid film wave feature and the flow parameters such as velocity of wave, wave frequency.
5th, the acquisition of liquid film temperature
(1) correction is compensated to the laser intensity on thin film drainage direction and laser propagation direction；
(2) based on pretreated liquid film fluoroscopic image and the preferred averaging method of gray scale, extract the liquid film in test window
Fluorescence intensity；
(3) based on demarcate liquid film temperature fluorescence intensity relation, obtain liquid film instantaneously with time averaged temperature field distribution；
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention propose a kind of liquid film temperature field based on planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technology and flow field while
Measuring method.Which is unique in that：Using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and method for subsequent processing, not only can realize thickness of liquid film,
The high-acruracy survey of the Field Characteristics such as velocity of wave, and liquid film thermo parameters method and heat transfer coefficient etc. can be obtained simultaneously, realize liquid
Measure while film temperature field and flow field.
Fig. 1 show the liquid film temperature field based on PLIF and flow field survey principle.Measuring system is mainly by pipeline, laser
The compositions such as device, high speed camera, optical filter, computer and process software.By taking flowing liquid membrane in pipeline as an example, flowing liquid membrane in pipeline
Fluorescent agent rhodamine B is dissolved with, optical maser wavelength is 532nm, its optical plane illuminates stream by the vertical centre axis of circular pipe
, perpendicular to laser plane shooting, the optical filter for cut-off frequency being housed for 570nm before high speed camera is to filter for high speed camera optical axis
Except veiling glare, liquid film fluoroscopic image feature is effectively extracted.Due to rhodamine B fluorometric reagent temperature-sensitivity coefficient be about 2%-3%/
DEG C, it is very sensitive to temperature change, and absorption spectrum and emission spectrum have obvious not overlapping region, by recognizing filter simultaneously
Except the liquid film fluoroscopic image geometric shape and brightness of exciting light, it is possible to achieve liquid film thermo parameters method and thickness of liquid film,
The high accuracy of the Field Characteristics such as velocity of wave, synchro measure.
Concrete measurement procedure is as shown in Figure 2.
Before measuring to liquid film temperature field and Field Characteristics, first high speed camera is demarcated, and obtain liquid film
Temperature fluorescence intensity curves are to demarcate temperature field.It is, for the internal reference matrix for obtaining camera, to obtain that wherein high speed camera is demarcated
To the accurate corresponding relation between image pixel and space length, the Field Characteristics of liquid film are obtained with high accuracy.Liquid film temperature field
Demarcation is in order to obtain the accurate corresponding relation between liquid film temperature and fluorescence intensity, i.e., when the liquid film for being dissolved with rhodamine B exists
When dynamic liquid film is formed on (outward) wall or flat board in pipeline, the liquid film fluoroscopic image under different temperatures is absorbed by high speed camera,
Based on the corresponding data of the available fluorescence intensity now of gradation of image analysis, statistical analysiss temperature and fluorescence intensity, and pass through
Least square fitting obtains the temperature fluorescence intensity graph of a relation of liquid film.
Adjustment high speed camera operating distance, absorbs liquid film fluoroscopic image and without background image during liquid film, and image is entered
Row pretreatment, including gray processing, difference shadow, filtering etc., wherein poor shadow is mainly used in removing background noise, based on medium filtering
Or the filtering method such as small echo strengthens liquid film characteristic area.
On the basis of liquid film Image semantic classification, on the one hand, enter row threshold division based on liquid film provincial characteristicss, isolate liquid film
Effective coverage, and according to camera high-precision calibrating parameter, asks for thickness of liquid film feature etc., so solve liquid film statistical nature and
The flow parameters such as velocity of wave.
On the other hand, based on two dimensional surface laser calibration and fluorescence intensity extracting method, obtain liquid film thermo parameters method.By
There is inequality on thin film drainage direction in laser piece intensity, because the Absorption of solution can subtract on laser propagation direction
It is weak, it is necessary first to which that laser intensity is calibrated.According to standard high and low temperature liquid film fluoroscopic image, temperature field image to be measured and mark
The temperature fluorescence intensity relation made, calculates the penalty coefficient of various location fluorescence intensity.Then, it is excellent based on gray scale
Averaging method is selected, i.e., available gray-scale region is preferentially chosen according to test window and is carried out gray scale averagely, extract liquid film fluorescence intensity.Most
Afterwards, according to the temperature fluorescence intensity relation for calibrating, obtain liquid film instantaneously and time averaged temperature field distribution.
Fig. 3 show the liquid film fluoroscopic image (after gray processing) and liquid film thermo parameters method of actual photographed, according to above-mentioned side
Method, can obtain the Field Characteristics such as thickness of liquid film in the measurement visual field, while liquid film temperature field in the test window can be obtained
Distribution, is visually to disclose liquid film Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics to have established solid foundation.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of liquid film temperature field and flow field based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) simultaneously measuring method, is characterized in that, glimmering when being dissolved with
When the liquid film of light stain forms dynamic liquid film on pipeline inside/outside wall or flat board, liquid film fluorogram is absorbed by high speed camera
Picture, for the same width fluoroscopic image for absorbing, based on high speed camera calibrating parameters, accurately extracts liquid film fluoroscopic image geometry special
Levy, acquisition includes the Field Characteristics of thickness of liquid film, velocity of wave；Meanwhile, based on calibrated temperature-fluorescence intensity calibration curve, swash
Light intensity is calibrated and fluorescence intensity extracting method, accurate extracting solution liquid film fluoroscopic image brightness, obtains liquid film instantaneous in time
Thermo parameters method.
2. the liquid film temperature field and flow field based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) as claimed in claim 1 is while measuring method, its feature
It is further to comprise the following steps that in an example：
First, high speed camera is demarcated, obtains camera internal reference matrix, it is accurate between image pixel and space length to obtain
Corresponding relation, for the measurement including the Field Characteristics including thickness of liquid film, velocity of wave；
2nd, liquid film temperature field is demarcated, the fluoroscopic image of liquid film under different known temperatures is obtained by high speed camera, is passed through
Image procossing and least square linear fit obtain liquid film temperature fluorescence intensity linear relationship；
3rd, high speed camera working distance is adjusted, exciting light is filtered by optical filter, absorbed liquid film fluoroscopic image, and carry out including ash
Degreeization, difference shadow, the Image semantic classification of filtering；
4th, thin film drainage pattern measurement
(1) pretreated liquid film fluoroscopic image is entered into row threshold division, isolates the effective two-value region of liquid film；
(2) based on high speed camera high-precision calibrating parameter, ask for the thickness of liquid film feature on thin film drainage direction；
(3) the liquid film Time-space serial image based on intake, solves the Statistical Charateristics of thin film drainage parameter, and is based on cross-correlation
Technology, obtains liquid film wave feature and the flow parameters such as velocity of wave, wave frequency.
5th, the acquisition of liquid film temperature
(1) correction is compensated to the laser intensity on thin film drainage direction and laser propagation direction；
(2) based on pretreated liquid film fluoroscopic image and the preferred averaging method of gray scale, extract the liquid film fluorescence in test window
Intensity；
(3) based on demarcate liquid film temperature fluorescence intensity relation, obtain liquid film instantaneously with time averaged temperature field distribution.
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