CN110018138A - Ground plane observation method - Google Patents
Ground plane observation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110018138A CN110018138A CN201811395745.7A CN201811395745A CN110018138A CN 110018138 A CN110018138 A CN 110018138A CN 201811395745 A CN201811395745 A CN 201811395745A CN 110018138 A CN110018138 A CN 110018138A
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- Prior art keywords
- ground plane
- siping
- road surface
- rubber elastomer
- light
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- KPHWPUGNDIVLNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M diclofenac sodium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl KPHWPUGNDIVLNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L eosin Y Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C([O-])=C(Br)C=C21 SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940048276 new coccine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GVKCHTBDSMQENH-UHFFFAOYSA-L phloxine B Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C([O-])=C(Br)C=C21 GVKCHTBDSMQENH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000012731 ponceau 4R Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;6-oxido-4-sulfo-5-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N=NC3=C4C(=CC(=CC4=CC=C3O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 206010019909 Hernia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXXXUIKPSVVSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-K pyranine Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=C2C(O)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 KXXXUIKPSVVSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/02—Tyres
- G01M17/027—Tyres using light, e.g. infrared, ultraviolet or holographic techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N21/643—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Technical problem: a kind of ground plane observation method that can be observed with the condition closer to the indent and convex practical road surface of tool tyre contact patch is provided.Solution: in the ground plane observation method that the ground plane contacted to the rubber elastomer with siping with road surface is observed, it is held in fluorophor in the siping of rubber elastomer, the road surface for the light transmission body for forming face and the face of the siping with the rubber elastomer for keeping fluorophor as road surface contacts, from light transmission body side to the ground plane irradiation light of rubber elastomer, the image for indicating the luminance of ground plane of rubber elastomer is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ground plane observation methods of the rubber elastomers such as tire.
Background technique
Be formed in the tyre surface of tire siping (slot) have adjustment tyre surface hardness, the contact area on increase and road surface and
Improve the functions such as frictional force.In order to investigate the function of such siping, the preferably ground connection of the tire directly in observation traveling
Face, but it is relatively difficult in reality, therefore attempt to have studied to make ground state visually various methods.
It wherein one method is tire is loaded on the transparent body, presses the tire and moves it, and from the transparent body
That side irradiation light opposite with tire contact plane connects the transparent body being observed, but used in these methods with tire
The face of touching is smooth.
Such as a kind of scheme is proposed in patent document 1, in order to be easy in this observation method using the transparent body
Grounded part and ungrounded part are identified, so that light is enclosed in the transparent body by light in the total reflection of the surface of the transparent body
The mode in portion configures light source.In this case, in order to make light total reflection be also required to make the smooth surface of the transparent body.
But using even surface as in the case where ground plane, the siping do not had into indent and convex practical road
State on face reflects, therefore can not accurately know the function of siping.That is, just along practical road traveling
For tire in the process, siping can according to the bumps on road surface and or close or hold, therefore pass through this to siping
Kind open and-shut mode is investigated, and be can determine the siping for for example facilitating draining, but will not be occurred in even surface this
Opening and closing, whole siping are all almost kept with the open state of original groove width.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Publication is at 3-146809 bulletin
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, it is intended that providing one kind can be with concave-convex closer to having
Practical road surface condition ground plane observation method that tyre contact patch is observed.
(2) technical solution
Ground plane observation method of the invention is the ground plane contacted to the rubber elastomer with siping with road surface
The ground plane observation method observed, and to solve the above-mentioned problems, so that fluorophor is held in the cutter groove flower of rubber elastomer
In line, the light for forming the face of the siping with the rubber elastomer for keeping the fluorophor as road surface with a face is saturating
The road surface of beam contacts, and from light transmission body side to the ground plane irradiation light of the rubber elastomer, obtaining indicates the caoutchouc elasticity
The image of the luminance of the ground plane of body." light " designated herein is not only luminous ray, and refer to it is all can be from fluorescence
Fluorescent material contained by body induces the energy-ray (electromagnetic wave) of fluorescence, also includes X-ray, ultraviolet light.
In above-mentioned ground plane observation method, road surface can be made to become and have indent and convex face (hereinafter referred to as " male and fomale(M&F) ").
Furthermore it is possible to support above-mentioned fluorophor in carrying body and be inserted into siping.
Alternatively, it is also possible to obtain multiple images while making above-mentioned rubber elastomer in movement on road surface.
Above-mentioned ground plane observation method can be applicable in wet road, dry pavement.
(3) beneficial effect
Ground plane observation method according to the present invention, can be to come closer to the condition for having indent and convex practical road surface to row
The state of tyre contact patch in sailing is observed.Thus, it is possible to easily determine for example facilitating to drain in wet road
Siping.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be indicate can the ground plane used in the ground plane observation method of an embodiment of the present invention observation device
The explanatory diagram of the structure of A.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged schematic sectional view of the rubber elastomer 1 on the light transmission body 2 for indicate ground plane observation device A.
Description of symbols
A- ground plane observes device；1- rubber elastomer；2- light transmission body；3- light source；4- dichronic mirror；5- test section；The road surface 6-；
7- water；8,9,10- siping；11- fluorophor.
Specific embodiment
Mode for carrying out the present invention is described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to realities below
Apply mode.
The dress of structure as shown in Figure 1 can be used as an embodiment in ground plane observation method of the invention
A is set to carry out.In Fig. 1, appended drawing reference 1 is indicated as the rubber elastomers such as the tire of observation object or its slice, attached drawing
Label 2 indicates light transmission body, and appended drawing reference 3 indicates light source, and appended drawing reference 4 indicates dichronic mirror, and appended drawing reference 5 indicates test section,
Appended drawing reference 6 indicates upper surface, that is, road surface of light transmission body 2, and appended drawing reference 7 indicates water.As shown in Fig. 2, rubber elastomer 1 has
There are three siping 8,9,10, although not shown, flat shape of each siping on ground plane is zigzag, and is formed as
Three siping difference are parallel.By caoutchouc elasticity in such a way that the opening portion of these siping 8,9,10 is contacted with road surface 6
Body 1 is placed in light transmission body 2, and fluorophor 11 is inserted into each siping in advance.Fluorophor 11 will not be from each cutter groove flower
The opening portion of line is exposed, and is inserted into the position that light will not reach in the state of siping closing.Above-mentioned road surface 6 is concave-convex
Face, and be the wet road that surface is covered with water 7.
Arrow in Fig. 1 is indicated from light source 3 to the path of the light of test section 5.That is, from light source 3 issue light to
Up to dichronic mirror 4, only the light of specific wavelength is reflected by dichronic mirror 4 in the light, and from the lower surface of light transmission body 2 (that is, and road surface
6 be the face of opposite side) through the inside of light transmission body 2 and then the surface of arrival rubber elastomer 1.It is being formed in rubber elastomer
In the open situation of siping 8,9,10 of 1 ground plane, light reaches its internal fluorophor 11 of insertion and induces fluorescence, should
Fluorescence reaches test section 5 through light transmission body 2 and dichronic mirror 4.Test section 5 receives the fluorescence, so that it is converted into electric signal and goes forward side by side
Row image conversion.Thus, it is possible to make fluorophor 11 contained by 8,9,10 inside of siping on the ground plane of rubber elastomer 1
Shape visualization, and it is regarded as the shape of open siping.In this way, according to the present embodiment, it is glimmering by using inducing
Light method can be such that the opening and closing of siping visualizes, and therefore, can determine the cutter groove for for example facilitating to drain on practical road surface
Decorative pattern.It will be described hereinafter about fluorophor.
In addition, in Fig. 1, for convenience, will be reached from light source 3 optical axis of the light of rubber elastomer 1 with from caoutchouc elasticity
The optical axis for the fluorescence that fluorophor in the siping of body 1 issues is staggered and is made into parallel lines to be indicated, but in fact, it
Optical axis coincidence.
The material of light transmission body 2 is simultaneously not limited, e.g. glass, synthetic resin.As light transmission body 2, it is preferable to use thoroughly
Phaneroplasm, but be not required it is transparent, as long as the degree of transmitance can make light from above-mentioned 3 side of light source and from caoutchouc elasticity
The Fluoroscopic of 1 side of body simultaneously can realize that the ground plane as the object of the invention visualizes.By by the road of light transmission body 2
Face 6 is made into the male and fomale(M&F) for being equivalent to practical road surface, so as to be seen closer to the condition of the observation on practical road surface
Examine, and can purpose according to the observation carry out the roughness of appropriate adjustment bumps.
Light source 3 is not particularly limited as long as the energy-ray that irradiation can induce fluorescence from used fluorophor, example
Hernia lamp, mercury vapor lamp, halogen lamp, LED light such as can be used.
As described above, the light reflection of the specific wavelength in the light that dichronic mirror 4 only issues light source 3, as long as according to being used
Fluorophor and light source 3 type and combine observation purpose suitably select.The light for reaching the surface of light transmission body 2 is not complete
Portion is absorbed, but would generally some reflected, if the reflected light enters test section 5, it is likely that can not detect glimmering
Light, and such reflected light can be truncated in dichronic mirror 4, it may have fluorescence detection can be made more accurately to act on.
In addition, being not limited to the method for ground plane irradiation light above-mentioned, such as it also can be used as light source 3 and only issue
The laser beam of the light of one wavelength.But as described above, make to issue from light source 3 and by point as half-reflecting mirror using
The light for the specific wavelength that Look mirror 4 reflects reaches falling to penetrate and illuminating and using making to reach for the ground plane of rubber elastomer 1 to be seen
The optical axis of the light of the ground plane and the optical axis for the fluorescence that test section 5 is issued and reached from the surface of rubber elastomer 1 are consistent same
In the case that axis illuminates, can miniaturization of the apparatus, and be able to carry out more easy observation.
Test section 5 is to receive fluorescence that the fluorescent material contained by the fluorophor issues and the ground plane for making rubber elastomer 1
On fluorescent material distribution image conversion position, such as be able to use based on charge-coupled device (Charge-
Coupled device, CCD) ccd image sensor.In this case, by being turned the photon energy of fluorescence using CCD
Change electron energy into, and signalling and be converted into desired image format, so as to obtain the distribution of fluorescent material
Image.
For example, in fluorescent material stays in siping and in the case where leakage to ground plane, then due to detecting not
To the fluorescent material in closed siping, therefore the image of the distribution of fluorescent material can be considered as open cutter groove
The shape of decorative pattern.
On the other hand, in the case where fluorescent material is leaked out from siping to ground plane, the deep or light of fluorescent material is investigated
Caused luminance difference, and only make the parts of images of brightness certain value or more, it can also be considered as open siping
Shape.In the case where such wet road as shown in Figure 1, 2, fluorescent material is easy due to the water on road surface to outside siping
Dissolution exudation, in this case, can also determine the shape of siping using such method.
In the observation method of above embodiment, as needed, press unit pressing caoutchouc elasticity (not shown) is utilized
Body 1 simultaneously contacts it with road surface 6.For the state of the ground plane for the tire being informed on practical road surface in traveling, preferably separately
The pressure being applied on the ground plane of tire is measured, and maintains the pressing state under the pressure to observe rubber elastomer 1.
In addition, as needed, also mobile unit (not shown) can be utilized to move up rubber elastomer 1 on road surface 6 on one side
It is dynamic to obtain multiple images on one side.In this case, by being compared to each other to these images, can more accurately know
The state of siping, such as the more detailed situation of the state of siping about the tire in traveling can be obtained.This
Outside, slide rubber elastomer 1 on road surface 6 along horizontal direction shown in the mobile arrow X that can be in such as Fig. 2.
Described " fluorescent material " refers in the present specification is penetrated by receiving the energy such as X-ray, ultraviolet light, luminous ray
The irradiation of line simultaneously absorbs its energy to excite electronics and release when the excited electron returns to ground state using energy as electromagnetic wave
All substances, " fluorophor " refer to these fluorescent materials itself or be the liquid such as the aqueous solution containing these fluorescent materials,
The solids such as coccoid.
Fluorescent material is not particularly limited, and the commercial product of the purposes such as coating can be used, and as concrete example, can be enumerated glimmering
Light Huang (Pyranine), new coccine (New Coccine), rhodamine B (RhodamineB), eosin Y (Eosin Y), fluorescence
Plain sodium (Uranine), phloxine B (PhloxineB) etc..For example, from the size of the light quantity observed, the easness of processing
Viewpoint is set out, it is preferable to use fluorescein.
The form of fluorophor is not particularly limited as set forth above, it is possible to be that liquid is also possible to solid, but from using
From the perspective of easness, water-soluble fluorescent material is preferably dissolved in solution obtained from water equal solvent (hereinafter referred to as
" fluorescent liquid ").The type of concentration, liquid measure according to used fluorescent material of fluorescent liquid, the observation including siping state
Purpose etc. and appropriate adjustment.
From the viewpoint of being easy to for the fluorescent material of sufficient amount being more reliably held in siping, preferably make
Fluorescent liquid as aqueous solution penetrates into the high obtained substance of carrying body of water imbibition, and can be to spend substance insertion cutter groove
The state kept in line is observed.The material of carrying body does not limit, and the fibres such as woven cloths/non-woven fabrics can be used for example
Tie up product, paper, foamed resin (sponge) etc..The shape of carrying body is also not particularly limited, but by being made into and siping
The matched elongated sheet of length, band-like, so as to improve the operating efficiency being inserted into siping.
In addition, carrying body as described above can also not used according to the purpose that ground plane is observed, but fluorescent liquid is straight
The fluorescent material of the siping or direct filled solid that inject rubber elastomer is connect to be observed.
In addition, being for example not limited in the case where being dissolved in water and show the Water soluble fiurescent substances of fluorescence with it
The state of aqueous solution is held in siping, is also possible to be held in cutter groove flower by the state for becoming solid such as dry
In line.Such as it can enumerate and be permeated with the carrying body of aqueous solution and be held in mode in siping with dry state.Alternatively, also
It can enumerate and Water soluble fiurescent substances holding solid state is directly filled in siping or protects Water soluble fiurescent substances
It holds solid state and supports mode in carrying body.In this case, as long as road surface is wet road, water is made by the water
Dissolubility fluorescent material dissolves and shows fluorescence, therefore also can determine open siping by detecting the fluorescence.
It is above to be mainly illustrated by taking the observation in wet road as an example, but ground plane observation method of the invention
Certainly dry pavement can be also suitable for.
Industrial applicibility
Ground plane observation method of the invention can be used in observation in the various vehicles such as passenger car, light truck, bus
The ground plane of tire used in.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of ground plane observation method is that the ground plane contacted to the rubber elastomer with siping with road surface carries out
The ground plane observation method of observation,
It is held in fluorophor in the siping of rubber elastomer,
The light for forming the face of the siping with the rubber elastomer for keeping the fluorophor as road surface with a face is saturating
The road surface of beam contacts,
From light transmission body side to the ground plane irradiation light of the rubber elastomer,
Obtain the image for indicating the luminance of ground plane of the rubber elastomer.
2. ground plane observation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The road surface is the indent and convex face of tool.
3. ground plane observation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
It supports the fluorophor in carrying body and is inserted into siping.
4. ground plane observation method described in any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that
Multiple images are obtained while making the rubber elastomer in movement on the road surface.
5. ground plane observation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that
The road surface is wet road.
6. ground plane observation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that
The road surface is dry pavement.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017-235425 | 2017-12-07 | ||
| JP2017235425A JP6959849B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2017-12-07 | Ground plane observation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110018138A true CN110018138A (en) | 2019-07-16 |
| CN110018138B CN110018138B (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811395745.7A Active CN110018138B (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2018-11-22 | Ground plane observation method |
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| JP (1) | JP6959849B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110018138B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113188474A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-30 | 山西大学 | Image sequence acquisition system for imaging of high-light-reflection material complex object and three-dimensional shape reconstruction method thereof |
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| US7249622B2 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2007-07-31 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire with deep tread grooves |
| JP4546861B2 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2010-09-22 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Contact interface area evaluation method and contact interface area evaluation apparatus |
| US10274438B2 (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2019-04-30 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Method for observing deformation of elastic material and apparatus for capturing projection image of elastic material |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6959849B2 (en) | 2021-11-05 |
| JP2019100982A (en) | 2019-06-24 |
| CN110018138B (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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