CN107192811B - A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed - Google Patents
A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107192811B CN107192811B CN201710317454.5A CN201710317454A CN107192811B CN 107192811 B CN107192811 B CN 107192811B CN 201710317454 A CN201710317454 A CN 201710317454A CN 107192811 B CN107192811 B CN 107192811B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of latent erosion visual measuring devices of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed, it includes water supply device, lacks grade soil test container, axial loading device and go out stream collection device, the left and right side of the scarce grade soil test container is side porous plate, the leading flank of the scarce grade soil test container is equipped with transparent panel, the fine grained soil of scarce grade soil to be measured is dyed, and scarce grade soil to be measured is placed in the scarce grade soil test container, there is the flexible material for sealing and stress applies between the top cover and scarce grade soil to be measured；The scarce grade soil to be measured meets with stresses to be applied by axial loading device, and vertically downward, and water flow infiltration direction flows through scarce grade soil to be measured by horizontal water supply device, finally reaches out and flows collection system in direction, and stress direction and water flow infiltration direction are vertical.Technical solution of the present invention can directly acquire the fine grained soil level stream during the scarce grade soil horizontal permeation that vertical stress is controllable under the conditions of lateral confinement and become estranged the results such as soil body visualization deformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of latent erosion visual measuring devices of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed.
Background technique
Lacking grade soil is the main material for building the Important Projects such as earth and rockfill dam, river levee, however lacks the grade of large or fine granule in grade soil
It is often unsatisfactory with being determined by place.Native according to the scarce grade of disproportionately graded, the fine grained soil in earth and rockfill dam, river levee is easily along thick
The aperture of grain soil is lost, and the seepage failure disaster of the Yi Fasheng soil body seriously threatens the safety of life and property of the people.
Latent erosion for scarce grade soil destroys, the vertical seepage failure for having researcher to have developed axial stress up to 1.0MPa
Experimental rig, and the latent erosion destruction characteristic that sandy gravel soils are tested under axially different stress is had studied using the device.There are also one
A little researchers have developed seepage flow-erosion-stress coupling piping experimental rig, which can be than more accurately simulating original state
State of soil, can the characteristics such as real-time measurement soil body geometry and waterpower evolution process, and using the device carried out without confining pressure, etc.
It is tested to being pressurized with three axis compression seepage failures.However the seepage direction that both latent erosions destroy measuring device is vertical direction,
It is consistent with scarce grade soil stress direction, do not meet engineering actual condition.
In order to obtain the characteristic that horizontal latent erosion destroys, document " embankment foundation influent destroying infection factorial experiments research and Numerical-Mode
It is quasi- " propose a kind of seepage failure test device for obtaining horizontal seepage flow.In device, water flow from left to right carries out seepage flow, under
Stream obtains the wastage of fine grained soil.However, this device vertical direction leakproofness has difficulties, there is no consider vertical stress
Influence to the soil body.In other words, this device and be not useable for study deep soil latent erosion destruction characteristic.
Chinese invention patent 2011102311746 is open a kind of for the soil body under condition of high ground stress and structure contact infiltration
Instrument, however the device that the invention patent proposes is transformed by traditional triaxial osmocope, can only apply confining pressure and axis pressure, not
It can consider that the latent erosion of horizontal permeation under the conditions of vertical stress destroys.Chinese invention patent 2015102147113 discloses a kind of level
The shear-deformable horizontal permeation instrument of contact surface can be used for existing to soil body horizontal contact surface or the soil body and works horizontal contact face
Horizontal permeation characteristic is carried out in shear-deformable situation.However, this device top compression device uses sealing strip and top seal, In
Airtightness is bad in the case of large deformation, this device is not useable for the measurement of Penetration Signature in the case of large deformation, can not be suitable for latent
Erosion condition.Moreover, vertical deformation and soil body penetration characteristic of this device without the method quantitative measurement soil body.
In conclusion the latent erosion of the soil body destroys in the case of present device cannot still consider vertical stress and horizontal seepage flow simultaneously
The measurement of characteristic, it is difficult to the characteristic that the latent erosion of the accurate description soil body destroys.
Summary of the invention
Against the above technical problems, the invention discloses a kind of latent erosion visualization measurement dresses of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed
It sets, the fine grained soil level during the scarce grade soil horizontal permeation that vertical stress is controllable under the conditions of lateral confinement that can directly acquire is lost, water
Flat Limit hydraulic steps and soil body visualization deformation.
In this regard, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed comprising water supply device lacks grade soil test appearance
Device, axial loading device and go out stream collection device, the scarce grade soil test container includes top cover, the scarce grade soil test container
Left and right side is side porous plate, and the leading flank of the scarce grade soil test container is equipped with and can observe in scarce grade soil test container
The transparent panel in portion dyes the fine grained soil of scarce grade soil to be measured, and scarce grade soil to be measured is placed in the scarce grade soil test and is held
In device, the top cover is located at the top of scarce grade soil to be measured, and the internal void size of the side porous plate is not less than 1mm；
The left and right side of the scarce grade soil test container is externally connected to side catch basin, the side catch basin with
The cavity that catchments is formed between the porous plate of side, the cavity that catchments of the side in left and right side is equipped with water inlet, the water inlet and confession
Water installations connection；For the cavity that catchments of the other side in left and right side equipped with water outlet, the collection device of stream out includes flow sensing
Device and particle collection device, the water outlet are connected by flow sensor with particle collection device；
The axial loading device includes pressure controller, water pocket and capsule between the top cover and scarce grade soil to be measured
Liquid is injected water pocket by interior plate, the pressure controller from top cover.
It adopts this technical solution, which can consider that the level of interpenetration that compacting and stress direction cause is broken to latent erosion simultaneously
It is bad, the response of development and critical hydraulic gradient that comprehensive analysis fine grained soil number of dropouts, latent erosion destroy.Scarce grade soil to be measured meets with stresses
Applied by axial loading device, i.e., pressure controller applies pressure to intracapsular plate, to make to press by the way that liquid is added to water pocket
Power load on scarce grade soil to be measured, the pressure direction vertically downward, and water flow infiltration direction by horizontal water supply device from water inlet
It is flowed into water collection chamber body, scarce grade soil to be measured is flowed through by the hole in the porous plate of side, is finally flowed out from side porous plate, from
Water outlet, which reaches out, flows collection device, and in this test process, stress direction and water flow the infiltration direction of application are vertical.
The scarce grade soil front side to be measured is transparent plexiglass plate, can be observed in real time the soil body in process of osmosis, also
Particle Image Velocimetry can be used and dyeing identification technology obtains lack the big change of the soil body in the latent erosion destructive process of grade soil on the whole
Shape and fine grained soil are lost information.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the water being fabricated from a flexible material is equipped between the top cover and scarce grade soil to be measured
Capsule, the application of the water pocket sealing and vertical stress for device, the intracapsular plate are located at the inside of flexible material.It is described
Flexible material can be close to lack the upper surface of grade soil test container cavity inner wall and scarce grade soil to be measured, even if large deformation occurs in soil sample
Under the conditions of, cavity, which still can guarantee, is fully sealed and is uniformly applied to vertical stress scarce grade soil to be measured, can also pass through water in water pocket
Amount variation obtains the volume change in the latent erosion destructive process of scarce grade soil to be measured.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the scarce grade soil to be measured is by the biggish dyeing fine grained soil of color difference and coarse grain
Local soil type at.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the top or top of the side catch basin are equipped with gas vent, the side
The side wall of catch basin is equipped with sensor for pore water pressure.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the trailing flank of the scarce grade soil test container is sensed equipped with multiple pore pressures
Device.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the multiple sensor for pore water pressure is distributed in scarce grade soil test in the horizontal direction and holds
On the trailing flank of device.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the quantity of the sensor for pore water pressure is no less than 4.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the pressure controller include sequentially connected air compressor, pressure reducing valve,
Piston pressure tank and hydralic pressure gauge, the top cover are equipped with water inlet, and the air compressor is connected by pressure reducing valve and piston pressure tank
It connects, the piston pressure tank is connected by the water inlet of hydralic pressure gauge and top cover.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the leading flank of the scarce grade soil test container include transparent plexiglass plate and
Stainless steel outline border, the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate are located in stainless steel outline border.Through the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, surveyed using particle picture
Fast technology and dyeing identification technology measure soil deformation and soil particle flowing.Wherein, the soil deformation and soil particle
Flowing includes soil deformation amount and soil particle number of dropouts.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the side that the side porous plate is contacted with scarce grade soil to be measured is equipped with strainer.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the aperture of the side porous plate is 5 ~ 15 mm.It is further preferred that institute
The aperture for stating side porous plate is 10 mm.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the flexible material is made of liquid silica gel.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the scarce grade soil test container is placed on backing plate.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
Using technical solution of the present invention, the scarce grade soil horizontal permeation of vertical stress controllably under the conditions of lateral confinement can be directly acquired
Fine grained soil level in the process is lost, horizontal limeit hydraulic gradient and the soil body visualize the results such as deformation；Moreover, equipment is simple,
It is easily operated.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the visual measuring device of the latent erosion of level of large deformation totally-enclosed of the invention.
Appended drawing reference includes: 1- water supply device；2- lacks grade soil test container；21- top cover；The side 22- porous plate；23- into
Port；3- scarce grade soil to be measured；The side 4- catch basin；5- catchments cavity；6- water inlet；7- water outlet；8- flow sensor；9-
Grain collection device；10- pressure controller；The intracapsular plate of 11-；12- water pocket；13- gas vent；14- sensor for pore water pressure；21- top cover；
The side 22- porous plate.
Specific embodiment
Preferably embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of visual measuring device of the latent erosion of level of large deformation totally-enclosed comprising water supply device 1,
It lacks grade soil test container 2, axial loading device and goes out stream collection device, the scarce grade soil test container 2 includes top cover 21, described
The left and right side for lacking grade soil test container 2 is side porous plate 22, and the leading flank of the scarce grade soil test container 2 is equipped with can be with
The transparent panel lacked inside grade soil test container 2 is observed, the fine grained of scarce grade soil 3 to be measured is dyed, and by scarce grade soil 3 to be measured
It is placed in the scarce grade soil test container 2, the top cover 21 is located at the top of scarce grade soil 3 to be measured, the side porous plate 22
Internal void having a size of 8 ~ 12mm；The left and right side of the scarce grade soil test container 2 is externally connected to side catch basin 4,
The cavity 5 that catchments is formed between the side catch basin 4 and side porous plate 22, the cavity 5 that catchments in left side is equipped with water inlet 6, institute
It states water inlet 6 to connect with water supply device 1, flow sensor 8 is equipped between the water inlet 6 and water supply device 1；It catchments on right side
Cavity 5 is equipped with water outlet 7, and the collection device of stream out includes flow sensor 8 and particle collection device 9, and the water outlet 7 is logical
Overcurrent quantity sensor 8 and particle collection device 9 connect；The axial loading device includes pressure controller 10, is located at the top
Water pocket 12 and intracapsular plate 11 between lid 21 and scarce grade soil 3 to be measured, the water pocket 12 are made of flexible material, the water pocket
The application of 12 sealings and vertical stress for device, the intracapsular plate 11 are located at the inside of flexible material；The pressure control
Device 10 processed injects liquid in water pocket 12 from top cover 21, so that pressure perpendicular is applied to scarce grade to be measured by intracapsular plate 11
On soil 3.Wherein, the water supply device 1 is hydraulic pressure water-supplying device.
As shown in Figure 1, the top or top of the side catch basin 4 are equipped with gas vent 13, the side of the side catch basin 4
Wall is equipped with sensor for pore water pressure 14.The trailing flank of the scarce grade soil test container 2 is equipped with multiple sensor for pore water pressure.The multiple hole
Pressure sensor is distributed in the horizontal direction on the trailing flank of scarce grade soil test container 2.It is described be installed on scarce grade soil test container 2 after
The quantity of sensor for pore water pressure on side is no less than 4.
The pressure controller 10 includes sequentially connected air compressor, pressure reducing valve, piston pressure tank and hydralic pressure gauge, institute
Top cover 21 is stated equipped with water inlet, the piston pressure tank is connect by hydralic pressure gauge with the water inlet of top cover 21.The scarce grade soil is surveyed
The leading flank for trying container 2 includes transparent plexiglass plate and stainless steel outline border, and the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is located in stainless steel outline border.
The side that the side porous plate 22 is contacted with scarce grade soil 3 to be measured is equipped with strainer.
The scarce grade soil 3 to be measured is made of the fine grained soil and coarse-grained soil dyed, and fine grained soil and coarse-grained soil color difference compared with
Greatly, soil sample photo captured by different moments is handled, obtains fine grained soil and change in the area ratio of local soil sample, thus
The fine grained soil level stream during the controllable scarce grade soil horizontal permeation of vertical stress under the conditions of lateral confinement is obtained to break one's promise breath.
Soil deformation information can be obtained using Particle Image Velocimetry in the soil sample photo according to captured by different moments.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, In
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of level of large deformation totally-enclosed, it is characterised in that: it includes water supply device, lacks grade
Native test container, axial loading device and go out stream collection device, the scarce grade soil test container includes top cover, and the scarce grade soil is surveyed
The left and right side for trying container is side porous plate, and the leading flank of the scarce grade soil test container, which is equipped with, can observe scarce grade soil survey
The transparent panel inside container is tried, the fine grained soil of scarce grade soil to be measured is dyed, and scarce grade soil to be measured is placed in the scarce grade
In native test container, the top cover is located at the top of scarce grade soil to be measured, and the internal void size of the side porous plate is not less than
1mm；
The left and right side of the scarce grade soil test container is externally connected to side catch basin, the side catch basin and side
The cavity that catchments is formed between porous plate, the cavity that catchments of the side in left and right side is equipped with water inlet, the water inlet and the dress that supplies water
Set connection；The cavity that catchments of the other side in left and right side equipped with water outlet, it is described go out stream collection device include flow sensor and
Particle collection device, the water outlet are connected by flow sensor with particle collection device；
The axial loading device includes pressure controller, the water pocket between the top cover and scarce grade to be measured soil and intracapsular flat
Liquid is injected water pocket by plate, the pressure controller from top cover.
2. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Water pocket is fabricated from a flexible material, and the application of the water pocket sealing and vertical stress for device, the intracapsular plate is located at soft
The inside of property material.
3. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The top or top of side catch basin are equipped with gas vent, and the side wall of the side catch basin is equipped with sensor for pore water pressure.
4. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The trailing flank for lacking grade soil test container is equipped with multiple sensor for pore water pressure.
5. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Multiple sensor for pore water pressure are distributed in the horizontal direction on the trailing flank of scarce grade soil test container.
6. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
The quantity for lacking grade soil sensor for pore water pressure is no less than 4.
7. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed described in any one according to claim 1 ~ 6, special
Sign is: the pressure controller includes sequentially connected air compressor, pressure reducing valve, piston pressure tank and hydralic pressure gauge, described
Top cover is equipped with water inlet, and the air compressor is connect by pressure reducing valve with piston pressure tank, and the piston pressure tank passes through liquid
The water inlet of table and top cover is pressed to connect.
8. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed described in any one according to claim 1 ~ 6, special
Sign is: the leading flank of the scarce grade soil test container includes transparent plexiglass plate and stainless steel outline border, the organic glass
Plate is located in stainless steel outline border, through the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, can be measured to soil deformation and soil particle flowing.
9. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed described in any one according to claim 1 ~ 6, special
Sign is: the side that the side porous plate is contacted with scarce grade soil to be measured is equipped with strainer.
10. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed described in any one according to claim 1 ~ 6,
Be characterized in that: the aperture of the side porous plate is 5 ~ 15 mm.
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| CN201710317454.5A CN107192811B (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-05 | A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed |
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| CN108152118B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江大学 | Pile-supported roadbed seepage erosion test device capable of adjusting water head |
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| CN111337414B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-07-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Intelligent graded loading and variable-seepage-diameter ultra-large horizontal penetration test system |
| CN112986101B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-11-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for testing horizontal permeability characteristic of sand gravel dam building material of earth and rockfill dam |
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| CN114965211B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-06-27 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring horizontal progressive infiltration destruction process of soil and stones |
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