CN107192811A - A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of level of large deformation totally-enclosed - Google Patents
A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of level of large deformation totally-enclosed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107192811A CN107192811A CN201710317454.5A CN201710317454A CN107192811A CN 107192811 A CN107192811 A CN 107192811A CN 201710317454 A CN201710317454 A CN 201710317454A CN 107192811 A CN107192811 A CN 107192811A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of level of large deformation totally-enclosed, it includes water supply installation, lacks level native test container, axial loading device and go out to flow collection device, the left and right side of the native test container of scarce level is side porous plate, the leading flank of the native test container of scarce level is provided with transparent panel, the fine grained soil of scarce level soil to be measured is dyed, and scarce level soil to be measured is positioned in the native test container of the scarce level, there is the flexible material for sealing and stress applies between the top cover and scarce level soil to be measured；The scarce level soil to be measured meets with stresses to be applied by axial loading device, and vertically downward, and current infiltration direction flows through scarce level soil to be measured by horizontal water supply installation, finally reaches out stream collection system in direction, and stress direction and current infiltration direction are vertical.Technical scheme, can directly obtain the fine grained soil level stream during the native horizontal permeation of the controllable scarce level of vertical stress under the conditions of lateral spacing and become estranged the results such as soil body visualization deformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of level of large deformation totally-enclosed.
Background technology
It is the main material for building the Important Projects such as earth and rockfill dam, river levee to lack level soil, but lacks the level of large or fine granule in level soil
It is often unsatisfactory with being determined by place.Scarce level according to disproportionately graded is native, and the fine grained soil in earth and rockfill dam, river levee is easily along thick
The aperture of grain soil is lost in, and easily occurs the seepage failure disaster of the soil body, seriously threatens the safety of life and property of the people.
Latent erosion destruction for lacking level soil, has researcher to have developed vertical seepage failure of the axial stress up to 1.0MPa
Experimental rig, and have studied the latent erosion destruction characteristic that sandy gravel soils are tested under axially different stress using the device.Also one
A little researchers have developed seepage flow-erosion-stress coupling piping experimental rig, and the device can more truly simulate original state
State of soil, can measure the evolution process of the characteristics such as soil body geometry and waterpower in real time, and using the device carried out without confined pressure, etc.
Tested to being pressurized with three axle compression seepage failures.But the seepage direction of both latent erosion destruction measurement apparatus is vertical direction,
It is consistent with scarce level soil stress direction, do not meet engineering actual condition.
In order to obtain the characteristic of the latent erosion destruction of level, document《Embankment foundation influent destroying infection factorial experiments research and Numerical-Mode
Intend》Propose a kind of seepage failure test device of the horizontal seepage flow of acquisition.In device, current from left to right carry out seepage flow, under
Stream obtains the wastage of fine grained soil.However, this device vertical direction sealing has difficulties, vertical stress is not considered
Influence to the soil body.In other words, this device and be not useable for study deep soil latent erosion destruction characteristic.
Chinese invention patent 2011102311746 is open a kind of for the soil body under condition of high ground stress and form touch infiltration
Instrument, but the device that this patent of invention is proposed is formed by traditional triaxial osmocope transformation, can only apply confined pressure and axle pressure, not
The latent erosion destruction of horizontal permeation under the conditions of vertical stress can be considered.Chinese invention patent 2015102147113 discloses a kind of level
The horizontal permeation instrument of contact surface detrusion, can be used for existing to soil body horizontal contact surface or the soil body with works horizontal contact face
Horizontal permeation characteristic is carried out in the case of detrusion.However, this device top compression device uses sealing strip and top seal,
Seal is not good in the case of large deformation, and this device is not useable for the measurement of Penetration Signature in the case of large deformation, it is impossible to suitable for latent
Erosion condition.Moreover, vertical deformation and soil body penetration characteristic of this device without the method quantitative measurement soil body.
In summary, present device can not still consider the latent erosion destruction of the soil body in the case of vertical stress and horizontal seepage flow simultaneously
The measurement of characteristic, it is difficult to the characteristic of the latent erosion destruction of the accurate description soil body.
The content of the invention
For above technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of latent erosion visualization measurement dress of level of large deformation totally-enclosed
Put, the fine grained soil level during the native horizontal permeation of the controllable scarce level of vertical stress under the conditions of lateral spacing that can directly obtain is lost in, water
Flat Limit hydraulic steps and the soil body visualization deformation.
In this regard, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of level of large deformation totally-enclosed, it includes water supply installation, lacks the native test container of level, axle
To loading device and going out to flow collection device, the native test container of scarce level includes top cover, the native test container of scarce level it is left and right
Side is side porous plate, and the leading flank of the native test container of scarce level, which is provided with, can observe saturating inside the native test container of scarce level
Isotropic disk, is dyed, and scarce level soil to be measured is positioned in the native test container of the scarce level, institute to the fine grained soil of scarce level soil to be measured
The top that top cover is located at scarce level soil to be measured is stated, the internal void size of the side porous plate is not less than 1mm；
The left and right side of the native test container of the scarce level is externally connected to side water leg, the side water leg and side
The cavity that catchments of the side formed between porous plate in the cavity that catchments, left and right side is provided with water inlet, and the water inlet is filled with supplying water
Put connection；The cavity that catchments of opposite side in left and right side provided with delivery port, it is described go out flow collection device including flow sensor and
Particle collection device, the delivery port is connected by flow sensor and particle collection device；
The axial loading device includes pressure controller, the water pocket between the top cover and scarce level to be measured soil and intracapsular flat
Liquid is injected water pocket by plate, the pressure controller from top cover.
Using this technical scheme, the device can consider that the level of interpenetration that compacting and stress direction trigger is broken to latent erosion simultaneously
It is bad, comprehensive analysis fine grained soil number of dropouts, the development of latent erosion destruction and the response of critical hydraulic gradient.Scarce level soil to be measured meets with stresses
Applied by axial loading device, i.e., pressure controller applies pressure to intracapsular flat board by adding liquid to water pocket, so that pressure
Power is carried on scarce level soil to be measured, the pressure direction vertically downward, and current infiltration direction by horizontal water supply installation from water inlet
It is flowed into collect cavity body, scarce level soil to be measured is flowed through by the hole in the porous plate of side, finally flowed out from side porous plate, from
Delivery port reaches out stream collection device, in this test process, and stress direction and current the infiltration direction of application are vertical.
The scarce level soil front side to be measured is transparent plexiglass plate, Real Time Observation can be carried out to the soil body in process of osmosis, also
The big change of the soil body in the scarce latent erosion destructive process of level soil can be obtained on the whole using Particle Image Velocimetry and dyeing identification technology
Shape and fine grained soil are lost in information.
As a further improvement on the present invention, provided with the water being fabricated from a flexible material between the top cover and scarce level soil to be measured
Capsule, the water pocket is used for the sealing of device and the application of vertical stress, and the intracapsular flat board is located at the inside of flexible material.It is described
Flexible material can be close to the upper surface for lacking the native test container cavity inner wall of level and scarce level soil to be measured, occur large deformation even in soil sample
Under the conditions of, cavity can still ensure to be fully sealed and vertical stress is uniformly applied to scarce level soil to be measured, can also pass through water in water pocket
Amount change obtains the Volume Changes in the scarce latent erosion destructive process of level soil to be measured.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the scarce level soil to be measured is by color distortion larger dyeing fine grained soil and coarse grain
Local soil type into.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the top or top of the side water leg are provided with steam vent, the side
The side wall of water leg is provided with sensor for pore water pressure.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the trailing flank of the native test container of the scarce level is sensed provided with multiple pore pressures
Device.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the multiple sensor for pore water pressure is distributed in scarce level soil test and held in the horizontal direction
On the trailing flank of device.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the quantity of the sensor for pore water pressure is no less than 4.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the pressure controller include be sequentially connected air compressor, pressure-reducing valve,
Piston pressure tank and hydralic pressure gauge, the top cover are provided with water inlet, and the air compressor is connected by pressure-reducing valve and piston pressure tank
Connect, the piston pressure tank is connected by the water inlet of hydralic pressure gauge and top cover.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the leading flank of the native test container of the scarce level include transparent plexiglass plate and
Stainless steel housing, the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is located in stainless steel housing.Through the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, surveyed using particle picture
Fast technology and dyeing identification technology are measured to soil deformation and soil particle flowing.Wherein, the soil deformation and soil particle
Flowing includes soil deformation amount and soil particle number of dropouts.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the side porous plate is provided with filter screen with the side that scarce level soil to be measured is contacted.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the aperture of the side porous plate is 5 ~ 15 mm.It is further preferred that institute
The aperture for stating side porous plate is 10 mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the flexible material is made using liquid silica gel.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the native test container of the scarce level is placed on backing plate.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Using technical scheme, the controllable native horizontal permeation process of scarce level of vertical stress under the conditions of lateral spacing can be directly obtained
In fine grained soil level be lost in, horizontal limeit hydraulic gradient and the soil body visualization deformation etc. result；Moreover, equipment is simple, it is easy to
Operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the visual measuring device of the latent erosion of level of the large deformation totally-enclosed of the present invention.
Reference includes：1- water supply installations；2- lacks the native test container of level；21- top covers；22- sides porous plate；23- enters
Gas port；3- scarce level soil to be measured；4- sides water leg；5- catchments cavity；6- water inlets；7- delivery ports；8- flow sensors；9-
Grain collection device；10- pressure controllers；The intracapsular flat boards of 11-；12- water pockets；13- steam vents；14- sensor for pore water pressure；21- top covers；
22- sides porous plate.
Embodiment
The preferably embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of visual measuring device of the latent erosion of level of large deformation totally-enclosed, it include water supply installation 1,
Lack level native test container 2, axial loading device and go out to flow collection device, the native test container 2 of scarce level includes top cover 21, described
The left and right side for lacking the native test container 2 of level is side porous plate 22, and the leading flank of the native test container 2 of scarce level is provided with can be with
Observation lacks the transparent panel inside the native test container 2 of level, and the fine grained of scarce level soil 3 to be measured is dyed, and by scarce level soil 3 to be measured
It is positioned in the native test container 2 of the scarce level, the top cover 21 is located at the top of scarce level soil 3 to be measured, the side porous plate 22
Internal void size be 8 ~ 12mm；The left and right side of the native test container 2 of the scarce level is externally connected to side water leg 4,
The cavity 5 that catchments is formed between the side water leg 4 and side porous plate 22, the cavity 5 that catchments in left side is provided with water inlet 6, institute
State water inlet 6 to be connected with water supply installation 1, flow sensor 8 is provided between the water inlet 6 and water supply installation 1；Right side is catchmented
Cavity 5 is provided with delivery port 7, and described to go out to flow collection device including flow sensor 8 and particle collection device 9, the delivery port 7 leads to
Excessively stream quantity sensor 8 and particle collection device 9 are connected；The axial loading device includes pressure controller 10, positioned at the top
Water pocket 12 and intracapsular flat board 11 between lid 21 and scarce level soil 3 to be measured, the water pocket 12 are made of flexible material, the water pocket
12 are used for the sealing of device and the application of vertical stress, and the intracapsular flat board 11 is located at the inside of flexible material；The pressure control
Device 10 processed injects liquid in water pocket 12 from top cover 21, so that pressure perpendicular is applied into scarce level to be measured by intracapsular flat board 11
On soil 3.Wherein, the water supply installation 1 is hydraulic pressure water-supplying device.
As shown in figure 1, the top or top of the side water leg 4 are provided with steam vent 13, the side of the side water leg 4
Wall is provided with sensor for pore water pressure 14.The trailing flank of the native test container 2 of scarce level is provided with multiple sensor for pore water pressure.The multiple hole
Pressure sensor is distributed on the trailing flank of the native test container 2 of scarce level in the horizontal direction.It is described to be installed on after the native test container 2 of scarce level
The quantity of sensor for pore water pressure on side is no less than 4.
The pressure controller 10 includes air compressor, pressure-reducing valve, piston pressure tank and the hydralic pressure gauge being sequentially connected, institute
Top cover 21 is stated provided with water inlet, the piston pressure tank is connected by hydralic pressure gauge with the water inlet of top cover 21.The scarce level soil is surveyed
Trying the leading flank of container 2 includes transparent plexiglass plate and stainless steel housing, and the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is located in stainless steel housing.
The side that the side porous plate 22 is contacted with scarce level soil 3 to be measured is provided with filter screen.
The scarce level soil 3 to be measured is made up of the fine grained soil and coarse-grained soil dyed, and fine grained soil and coarse-grained soil color distortion compared with
Greatly, to captured soil sample photo is not handled in the same time, the area ratio for obtaining fine grained soil in local soil sample changes, thus
The fine grained soil level stream under the conditions of lateral spacing during the native horizontal permeation of the controllable scarce level of vertical stress is obtained to break one's promise breath.
According to not captured soil sample photo in the same time, soil deformation information is can obtain using Particle Image Velocimetry.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
On the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of level of large deformation totally-enclosed, it is characterised in that：It includes water supply installation, lacks level
Native test container, axial loading device and go out to flow collection device, the native test container of scarce level includes top cover, the scarce level soil is surveyed
The left and right side for trying container is side porous plate, and the leading flank of the native test container of scarce level is surveyed provided with that can observe scarce level soil
The transparent panel inside container is tried, the fine grained soil of scarce level soil to be measured is dyed, and scarce level soil to be measured is positioned over the scarce level
In native test container, the top cover is located at the top of scarce level soil to be measured, and the internal void size of the side porous plate is not less than
1mm；
The left and right side of the native test container of the scarce level is externally connected to side water leg, the side water leg and side
The cavity that catchments of the side formed between porous plate in the cavity that catchments, left and right side is provided with water inlet, and the water inlet is filled with supplying water
Put connection；The cavity that catchments of opposite side in left and right side provided with delivery port, it is described go out flow collection device including flow sensor and
Particle collection device, the delivery port is connected by flow sensor and particle collection device；
The axial loading device includes pressure controller, the water pocket between the top cover and scarce level to be measured soil and intracapsular flat
Liquid is injected water pocket by plate, the pressure controller from top cover.
2. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Provided with the water pocket being fabricated from a flexible material between top cover and scarce level soil to be measured, the water pocket is used for sealing and the vertical stress of device
Application, the intracapsular flat board be located at flexible material inside.
3. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The top or top of side water leg are provided with steam vent, and the side wall of the side water leg is provided with sensor for pore water pressure.
4. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The trailing flank for lacking the native test container of level is provided with multiple sensor for pore water pressure.
5. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described
Multiple sensor for pore water pressure are distributed on the trailing flank of the native test container of scarce level in the horizontal direction.
6. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described
The quantity for lacking the native sensor for pore water pressure of level is no less than 4.
7. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of the large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1 ~ 6 any one, it is special
Levy and be：The pressure controller includes air compressor, pressure-reducing valve, piston pressure tank and the hydralic pressure gauge being sequentially connected, described
Top cover is provided with water inlet, and the air compressor is connected by pressure-reducing valve with piston pressure tank, and the piston pressure tank passes through liquid
The water inlet of table and top cover is pressed to connect.
8. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of the large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1 ~ 6 any one, it is special
Levy and be：The leading flank of the native test container of scarce level includes transparent plexiglass plate and stainless steel housing, the lucite
Plate is located in stainless steel housing, through the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, and soil deformation and soil particle flowing can be measured.
9. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of the large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1 ~ 6 any one, it is special
Levy and be：The side that the side porous plate is contacted with scarce level soil to be measured is provided with filter screen.
10. the latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of the large deformation totally-enclosed according to claim 1 ~ 6 any one, its
It is characterised by：The aperture of the side porous plate is 5 ~ 15 mm.
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| CN201710317454.5A CN107192811B (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-05 | A kind of latent erosion visual measuring device of the level of large deformation totally-enclosed |
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| CN107192811B CN107192811B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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Cited By (10)
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| CN108088982A (en) * | 2018-01-20 | 2018-05-29 | 上海交通大学 | Simulate the Experimental Method in Laboratory of fine grained seepage inflow erosion inside deep aquifers sand |
| CN108152118A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-12 | 浙江大学 | A kind of pile formula subgrade seepage flow erosion test device of adjustable head |
| CN109307633A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Gravelly soil internal corrosion testing equipment and test method under a kind of seepage effect |
| CN109342150A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of experimental rig and method for gassiness soil sample consolidation test and permeability test |
| CN110361314A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-22 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Encapsulating method and its device suitable for large-scale three-dimensional load permeameter |
| CN110907329A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 重庆大学 | Large-scale corrosion test system and test method thereof |
| CN111337414A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Intelligent graded loading and variable-seepage-diameter ultra-large horizontal penetration test system |
| CN112986101A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-18 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Earth and rockfill dam sand gravel dam building material horizontal permeability characteristic test method |
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| CN108152118B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江大学 | Pile-supported roadbed seepage erosion test device capable of adjusting water head |
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| CN109307633A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Gravelly soil internal corrosion testing equipment and test method under a kind of seepage effect |
| CN109307633B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-10-02 | 合肥工业大学 | Testing equipment and testing method for erosion of inner part of gravel soil under seepage effect |
| CN109342150B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2023-12-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Test device and method for gas-containing soil sample consolidation test and permeation test |
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| CN110361314B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2022-04-12 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Sealing method and device suitable for large three-way loading permeameter |
| CN110361314A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-22 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Encapsulating method and its device suitable for large-scale three-dimensional load permeameter |
| CN110907329A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 重庆大学 | Large-scale corrosion test system and test method thereof |
| CN111337414A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Intelligent graded loading and variable-seepage-diameter ultra-large horizontal penetration test system |
| CN111337414B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-07-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Intelligent graded loading and variable-seepage-diameter ultra-large horizontal penetration test system |
| CN112986101A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-18 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Earth and rockfill dam sand gravel dam building material horizontal permeability characteristic test method |
| CN112986101B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-11-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for testing horizontal permeability characteristic of sand gravel dam building material of earth and rockfill dam |
| CN114414391A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Testing device for applying constant load on surface of soil layer by using liquid column pressure and working method |
| CN114965211A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring horizontal progressive infiltration destruction process of soil and stone materials |
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