CN114965211A - Device and method for measuring horizontal progressive infiltration destruction process of soil and stone materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring device and method for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of soil and stone materials. The measuring device comprises an outer cylinder, a porous inner cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder, and an annular groove is arranged between the outer cylinder and the porous inner cylinder; A sliding pressure plate is arranged on the upper end of the cylinder, and a porous rigid body pipe is coaxially arranged under the sliding pressure plate. There are soil and stone samples between the sliding pressure plate, the porous rigid body pipe and the porous inner cylinder, and several water pressure sensors are arranged on the sliding pressure plate; the outer cylinder A number of vertical water disturbance pipes with lower openings pointing to the inner side of the annular groove and a circulating pump are arranged on the outside. The present invention continuously separates and measures the quality of exuded soil and exuded water, finds out the local hydraulic gradient change caused by the migration of fine particles and the difference from the overall hydraulic gradient, obtains the migration of fine particles, and gradually develops in the soil body for seepage damage. Process measurement and mechanism studies provide tools, and simultaneously determine the changing process of horizontal to critical hydraulic gradient, failure hydraulic gradient and horizontal permeability coefficient.

Description

Measuring device and method for horizontal progressive infiltration failure process of earth and stone

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of penetration deformation test, in particular to a measuring device and method for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials.

Background technique

Earth-rock material is the main material for construction of major projects such as earth-rock dams and embankments, as well as the main material for the natural foundation of dams; the large-scale erosion, movement and loss of fine particles in earth-rock material under the action of high hydraulic gradient is the occurrence of infiltration. failure, this seepage failure is the greatest inherent risk of earth-rock dams.

On the one hand, the traditional research on seepage failure regards seepage failure as a single point of physical characteristics. It is believed that the soil begins to seep and deform after the fine particles are activated, which cannot reflect the migration rate change, clogging or migration that may occur during the migration process after fine particle erosion. Stop, it does not reflect the characteristics of the soil as a continuum to share the seepage ratio; on the other hand, the influence of stress on the seepage failure is not considered. decreases, the impermeability ratio increases, and at the same time, soils with different particle size gradations have different degrees of change in the impermeability ratio increase under the action of stress; therefore, only under the action of stress to carry out the study of the seepage failure process In order to accurately grasp the temporal and spatial development process of infiltration and destruction.

In addition, the anti-seepage core wall and dam foundation soil and stone materials in the earth-rock dam are generally under the condition of confining deformation, and there is a dominant combination of stress and seepage gradient direction, that is, the vertical stress is the large principal stress, and the seepage gradient is along the horizontal direction. In addition, the layers formed by soil compaction and deposition are generally in the horizontal direction; these factors are not considered by current penetration failure testers.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a measuring device and method for measuring the horizontal progressive infiltration failure process of soil and stone materials in the progressive development process of infiltration failure under vertical stress.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

In a first aspect, a measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials is provided, which includes:

an outer cylinder, which is coaxially provided with a porous inner cylinder for loading soil and stone samples, and an annular groove for filling water is arranged between it and the porous inner cylinder;

The sliding pressure plate is used to uniformly apply downward vertical pressure to the soil and stone samples. Its diameter matches the inner diameter of the porous inner cylinder. Several water pressure sensors are evenly arranged in the radial and circumferential directions. There are porous rigid pipes for supplying high pressure water to the soil and stone samples;

The water disturbance device is used to draw the water in the upper part of the annular groove and spray it to the inner bottom of the annular groove for disturbance, so as to rush the soil that may be deposited on the outer side of the porous inner cylinder and the bottom of the annular groove to the water passage on the upper part of the first pipe;

The closed water tank is communicated with the bottom of the annular groove, the inner and upper ends are provided with a tension sensor, and one end of the tension sensor is provided with a filter screen;

The liquid collecting device is arranged on the weighing device, the upper end of which is provided with a water head control pipe, and the water head control pipe is communicated with the top of the closed water tank.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are as follows: the porous rigid pipeline supplies high-pressure water to the soil-rock sample, so that the high-pressure water infiltrates the soil-rock sample uniformly in the radial direction through the holes on the porous rigid pipeline, and at the same time, the sliding pressure plate provides The soil-rock sample exerts downward vertical pressure; the fine particles in the soil-rock sample move, block or run off inside the sample under the combined action of the permeability gradient and vertical stress, and some particles pass through together with seepage water The holes on the porous inner cylinder penetrate into the annular groove, and under the disturbance of the water body disturbance device, the water flows along the slope to the outlet and enters the closed water tank, and the seeped water enters the liquid collection device; at this time, the tension sensor in the closed water tank The mass of the exuded soil is continuously measured, the weighing device continuously measures the mass of the exuded water, the water pressure sensor continuously measures the pore water pressure of the soil, and several water pressure sensors are uniform along the radial and circumferential directions of the slidable platen It can measure the gradual development process of seepage failure in the soil body under the action of vertical stress, continuously separate and measure the quality of seepage soil and seepage water, and detect the local hydraulic gradient change caused by the migration process of fine particles in the soil body. and the difference with the overall hydraulic gradient, obtain the migration order and migration distance of fine particles in the soil, provide a tool for the study of the progressive seepage failure mechanism, and simultaneously measure the horizontal critical hydraulic gradient, the failure hydraulic gradient and the horizontal permeability coefficient process of change.

Further, the bottom of the annular groove is circumferentially provided with a first slope inclined from the outer cylinder to the inner cylinder, the bottom of the first slope is circumferentially provided with a second slope, and the lowest part of the second slope is provided with a water passage hole for water passage. A first pipe is arranged between the hole and the closed water tank; the first slope and the second slope provide a slope, so that the fine particles move to the water passage hole under the action of gravity, which is conducive to the collection of the fine particles.

Further, the water body disturbance device includes a plurality of water body disturbance pipes uniformly arranged on the outer cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of the water body disturbance pipe are connected with the annular groove, a circulating water pump is arranged on the water body disturbance pipe, and the outlet end of the water body disturbance pipe points to the second slope. The tangential direction of the second slope is toward the lower end of the second slope, so that the fine particles can enter the closed water tank through the water passage hole as soon as possible under the disturbance of the water flow.

Further, the slidable pressure plate is arranged on the upper end of the porous inner cylinder, the lower end surface of the slidable pressure plate is flush with the lower end surface of the water pressure sensor, and the upper end of the slidable pressure plate is vertically provided with a linear drive mechanism and a displacement sensor; the linear drive mechanism controls Pressure and drive the sliding platen downward to realize the controllability of the vertical stress; the displacement sensor monitors the displacement of the sliding platen in real time, so as to realize the measurable vertical deformation of the soil and stone samples.

Further, the measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials also includes a frame, and the bottom of the outer cylinder, the end of the displacement sensor away from the slidable pressure plate, and the end of the linear drive mechanism away from the slidable pressure plate are all fixed on the frame. It is used to install components such as outer cylinder, displacement sensor and linear drive mechanism, and provide installation space.

Further, the measuring device for the horizontal progressive infiltration failure process of earth and stone material also includes a high-pressure water supply device, which is communicated with the upper end of the porous rigid pipe, and the high-pressure water supply device supplies high-pressure water from the upper end of the porous rigid pipe.

Further, a connector is fixedly arranged on the slidable pressing plate, a second pipeline is arranged between the connector and the high-pressure water supply device, and the connector communicates with the porous rigid pipeline and the second pipeline, so as to supply high-pressure water provided by the high-pressure water supply device into the porous water supply device. rigid pipes.

Further, the slidable pressure plate is provided with a threaded through hole, and the water pressure sensor is threaded in the threaded through hole, so that after the slidable pressure plate is installed, the water pressure sensor is screwed into the threaded through hole from the upper part of the slidable pressure plate; One end of the sensor is provided with an external thread, and the length of the water pressure sensor is greater than the thickness of the slidable pressure plate. After screwing the water pressure sensor into the slidable pressure plate, ensure that the bottom end (water inlet end) of the water pressure sensor is flush with the bottom surface of the slidable pressure plate.

Further, seals are provided between the porous rigid pipe and the slidable pressure plate, and between the water pressure sensor and the slidable pressure plate, to avoid the occurrence of occurrences between the porous rigid pipe and the slidable pressure plate, and between the water pressure sensor and the slidable pressure plate. leakage.

In a second aspect, a method for measuring the horizontal progressive infiltration failure process of soil and rock materials is provided, comprising the following steps:

S1: Load the soil and rock samples into the porous inner cylinder according to the set density, and the soil and rock samples are compacted dynamically in layers; drill holes along the axial and circumferential directions of the porous rigid pipeline, and insert the porous rigid pipeline into the soil and rock samples , connect the porous rigid pipe and the slidable pressure plate, and leave a gap at the lower end of the porous rigid pipe;

S2: Place the highest point of the inner hole of the top corner of the water head control pipe at the same elevation as the top surface of the soil and stone samples; fill the annular groove with water to fill the closed water tank and then fill the water head control pipe until the water head control pipe When there is water flowing out, stop adding water; in the process of the soil-rock sample becoming saturated with water, keep the position of the water head control pipe unchanged, and continuously replenish the water in the annular groove until the soil-rock sample is saturated with water and the water level in the annular groove is no longer any longer. Lower and keep the highest point of the water in the annular groove flush with the highest point of the inner hole at the top of the head control pipe;

S3: Install the linear drive mechanism and displacement sensor; start the linear drive mechanism to press down the slidable pressure plate, and apply downward vertical pressure to the soil and stone samples through the slidable pressure plate; The water supply device supplies high-pressure water into the porous rigid pipe, so that the high-pressure water flows into the soil and stone samples through the holes on the porous rigid pipe; the circulating water pump disturbs the water body in the annular groove through the water body disturbance pipe, so that the water that penetrates into the annular groove is disturbed. The water and fine particles flow to the outlet along the first slope and the second slope, the water and fine particles enter the closed water tank through the pipeline, and the excess water flows into the head control pipe;

S4: The tension sensor continuously measures the floating weight of the exuded soil, the weighing device continuously measures the mass of the exuded water, and several water pressure sensors continuously measure the pore water pressure of the soil at different radial positions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the measuring device of the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the slidable pressing plate in the scheme;

Among them, 1. Soil and stone sample, 2. Displacement sensor, 3. Linear drive mechanism, 4. Frame, 5. High-pressure water supply device, 6. Second pipeline, 7. Connector, 8. Water pressure sensor, 9. External Cylinder, 10, Sliding pressure plate, 11, Water disturbance pipe, 12, Circulating water pump, 13, Annular groove, 14, First slope, 15, Porous rigid pipe, 16, Gap, 17, First pipe, 18, Tension sensor , 19, filter screen, 20, closed water tank, 21, head control pipe, 22, weighing device, 23, liquid collection device, 24, porous inner cylinder, 25, second slope, 26, water hole.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes Such changes are obvious within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions and creations utilizing the inventive concept are within the scope of protection.

As shown in Figure 1, this solution provides a measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone, which includes:

The outer cylinder 9 is provided with a porous inner cylinder 24 coaxially therein, and an annular groove 13 is arranged between it and the porous inner cylinder 24, and the annular groove 13 is filled with water, and the height of the water is fixed;

The slidable pressing plate 10 is slidably arranged on the upper end of the porous inner cylinder 24, its diameter matches the inner diameter of the porous inner cylinder 24, and the lower part thereof is provided with a porous rigid pipe 15 along the axis, which is connected with the porous rigid pipe 15 and the porous inner cylinder. The soil and stone samples 1 are arranged between 24, and a number of water pressure sensors 8 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the slidable pressing plate along the radial and circumferential directions. Linear drive mechanism 3 and displacement sensor 2; wherein, the lower end of the porous rigid pipe 15 is not blocked, and the linear drive mechanism 3 can use a jack;

The high-pressure water supply device 5, which is communicated with the upper end of the porous rigid pipe 15, can use a booster pump;

Eight water disturbance pipes 11, which are evenly arranged on the outer cylinder 9, the two ends of which are respectively communicated with the upper and lower ends of the water in the annular groove 13, and a circulating water pump 12 is arranged on them;

The closed water tank 20 is communicated with the bottom of the annular groove 13 and the bottom of the water head control pipe 21, the inner and upper ends of which are provided with a tension sensor 18, and the output end of the tension sensor 18 is provided with a cylindrical filter screen 19;

The liquid collecting device 23 is provided with a weighing device 22 at its lower end and a water head control pipe 21 at its upper end. The water head control pipe 21 communicates with the top of the closed water tank 20 .

The high-pressure water supply device 5 pumps high-pressure water into the porous rigid pipe 15, so that the high-pressure water penetrates into the soil and stone sample 1 evenly and radially around the hole through the porous rigid pipe 15. At the same time, the linear drive mechanism 3 makes the sliding platen 10 downward. movement, thereby applying vertical stress through the slidable pressure plate 10; the fine particles in the soil and stone sample 1 move within the soil sample under the combined action of the infiltration ratio and vertical stress, partially passing through the holes on the porous inner cylinder 24 It penetrates into the annular groove 13, and enters the closed water tank 20 with the water flow under the scouring action of the water disturbance pipe 11, and the rest of the water enters the liquid collection device 23; at this time, the tension sensor 18 in the closed water tank 20 continuously measures the exuded soil The mass of the exuded water is continuously measured by the weighing device 22, and the mass of exuded soil and exuded water is continuously separated and measured; the water pressure sensor 8 continuously measures the pore water pressure of the soil, and several water pressure sensors 8 Evenly arranged along the radial and circumferential directions of the slidable pressure plate 10, the gradual development process of seepage failure in the soil body under the action of vertical stress can be measured, and the local hydraulic gradient change caused by the migration process of fine particles in the soil body and its correlation can be measured. The difference of the overall hydraulic gradient can obtain the migration order and migration distance of fine particles in the soil body, which provides a tool for the study of the progressive seepage failure mechanism, and simultaneously determines the horizontal to critical hydraulic gradient, failure hydraulic gradient and horizontal permeability coefficient changes. process.

The linear drive mechanism 3 controls the pressure and drives the slidable pressure plate 10 to move downward to realize the controllability of the vertical stress; the displacement sensor 2 monitors the displacement of the slidable pressure plate 10 in real time, so as to realize the quantitative measurement of the vertical deformation of the soil and stone samples Measurement.

Among them, the direction of the seepage hydraulic gradient received by the soil-rock sample 1 is the horizontal direction, and its magnitude is controlled by the pressure head in the porous rigid pipe 15. The difference in the radius of the porous rigid pipe 15; the value of the vertical stress on the soil and stone sample 1 is equal to the pressure generated by the linear drive mechanism 3 divided by the area of the slidable pressure plate 10.

In implementation, in this solution, preferably, the bottom of the annular groove 13 is provided with a first slope 14 that is low in the inside and high in the outside, and the bottom of the first slope 14 is provided with two semicircular second slopes 25 in the circumferential direction. The lowest part of the second slope 25 is provided with a water hole 26, a first pipe 17 is arranged between the water hole 26 and the closed water tank 20, and the first pipe 17 is communicated with the closed water tank 20; the first slope 14 The second slope 25 and the second slope 25 provide a slope, so that the fine particles move to the water passage hole 26 under the action of gravity, which is beneficial to the collection of the fine particles.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the direction of water flow in the water disturbance pipe 11 is from top to bottom, and the outlet end of the water disturbance pipe 11 faces the lower end of the second slope 25 . The fine particles are flushed to improve the transport efficiency of the fine particles, so that the fine particles can enter the closed water tank 20 through the water passage hole 26 as soon as possible.

When designing, it is preferred in this scheme that one end of the first pipe 17 passes through the closed water tank 20 and is located in the cylindrical filter screen 19 to prevent fine particles from entering the space between the closed water tank 20 and the cylindrical filter screen 19 and to ensure the quality of the exuded soil. measurement accuracy.

When implemented, this scheme preferably includes a frame 4 for measuring the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone, the bottom of the outer cylinder 9, the end of the displacement sensor 2 away from the slidable pressure plate 10, and the end of the linear drive mechanism 3 away from the slidable pressure plate 10. They are all fixed on the frame 4. The frame 4 is used to install components such as the outer cylinder 9, the displacement sensor 2 and the linear drive mechanism 3, and provides installation space; the frame 4 is provided with a mounting hole at the lower end of the water hole 26 for installation. The first conduit 17 .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the slidable pressing plate 10 is provided with a threaded through hole, and the water pressure sensor 8 is threadedly connected in the threaded through hole, so that the water pressure sensor 8 is removed from the slidable pressing plate after the slidable pressing plate 10 is installed. 10 The upper part is screwed into the threaded through hole.

When designing, in this solution, one end of the water pressure sensor 8 is preferably provided with an external thread, and the length of the water pressure sensor is greater than the thickness of the slidable pressure plate 10 to ensure that the water pressure sensor 8 can be completely screwed into the slidable pressure plate 10 .

When implemented, this scheme preferably has a connector 7 fixed on the slidable pressing plate 10, a second pipeline 6 is arranged between the connector 7 and the high-pressure water supply device 5, and the connector 7 communicates with the porous rigid pipeline 15 and the second pipeline 6, thereby The high-pressure water provided by the high-pressure water supply device 5 is supplied into the porous rigid pipe 15 .

In an embodiment of the present invention, a gap 16 is provided in the soil-rock sample 1, the gap 16 is located at the lower end of the porous rigid pipe 15, and the size of the gap 16 is larger than that of the porous rigid pipe 15; The downward movement provides a displacement space to ensure that the porous rigid pipe 15 can be smoothly moved downward.

When designing, in this solution, it is preferred that seals are provided between the porous rigid pipe 15 and the slidable pressure plate 10, and between the water pressure sensor 8 and the slidable pressure plate 10, so as to avoid water and water between the porous rigid pipe 15 and the slidable pressure plate 10. A leak occurs between the pressure sensor 8 and the slidable platen 10 .

This solution also provides a method for measuring the horizontal progressive infiltration failure process of earth and stone, including the following steps:

S1: The soil-rock sample 1 is loaded into the porous inner cylinder 24 according to the set density, and the soil-rock sample 1 is dynamically compacted in layers; drilling is carried out along the axial and circumferential directions of the porous rigid pipe 15, 15 Insert the soil and stone sample 1, connect the porous rigid pipe 15 and the slidable pressure plate 10, and leave a gap 16 at the lower end of the porous rigid pipe 15;

S2: Place the highest point of the inner hole of the top corner of the water head control pipe 11 at the same elevation as the top surface of the soil and stone sample 1; fill the annular groove 13 with water, so that the water fills the closed water tank 20 and then fills the water head control pipe 11 , until the water head control pipe 11 flows out, stop adding water; in the process of the soil and stone material sample 1 being gradually saturated with water, keep the position of the water head control pipe 11 unchanged, and continuously replenish the water in the annular groove 13 until the soil and stone material sample 1 After the water absorption is saturated, the water level in the annular groove is no longer lowered, and the highest point of the water in the annular groove 13 is kept flush with the highest point of the inner hole at the top of the water head control pipe 11;

S3: Install the linear drive mechanism 3 and the displacement sensor 2; start the linear drive mechanism 3 to press down the slidable pressure plate 10, and apply downward vertical pressure to the soil and stone material sample 1 through the slidable pressure plate 10; at the same time, start the high-pressure water supply The device 5 and the circulating water pump 12, the high-pressure water supply device 5 supplies high-pressure water into the porous rigid pipe 15, so that the high-pressure water flows into the soil and stone sample 1 through the holes on the porous rigid pipe 15; The water body in the annular groove 13 is disturbed, so that the water and fine particles infiltrated into the annular groove 13 flow to the outlet 26 along the first slope 14 and the second slope 25, the water and fine particles enter the closed water tank 20 through the pipeline 17, and the excess water flows into the water head control tube 21;

S4: The tension sensor 18 continuously measures the floating weight of the exuded soil, the weighing device 22 continuously measures the mass of the exuded water, and several water pressure sensors 8 continuously measure the pore water pressure of the soil at different radial positions.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of measuring device of earth-rock material horizontal to progressive infiltration failure process, is characterized in that, comprises: The outer cylinder (9) is coaxially provided with a porous inner cylinder (24) for filling the soil and stone material samples (1), and an annular groove (13) for filling water is arranged between it and the porous inner cylinder (24). ; The slidable pressure plate (10) is used for uniformly applying downward vertical pressure to the soil and stone material sample (1), its diameter matches the inner diameter of the porous inner cylinder (24), and a plurality of a water pressure sensor (8), a porous rigid pipe (15) for supplying high-pressure water to the soil and stone material sample (1) is arranged coaxially below it; A water body disturbance device, which is used to draw the water in the upper part of the annular groove (13) and spray it to the inner bottom of the annular groove (13) for disturbance; a closed water tank (20), which is communicated with the bottom of the annular groove (13), a tension sensor (18) is provided at the inner and upper end of the water tank, and a filter screen (19) is provided at one end of the tension sensor (18); The liquid collecting device (23) is arranged on the weighing device (22), and the upper end thereof is provided with a water head control pipe (21), and the water head control pipe (21) communicates with the top of the closed water tank (20). 2. The measuring device for the horizontal progressive infiltration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the annular groove (13) is circumferentially provided with an inner cylinder (24) from an outer cylinder (9) to an inner cylinder (24). an inclined first slope (14), a second slope (25) is provided circumferentially at the bottom of the first slope (14), and a water passage hole (26) is provided at the lowest part of the second slope (25), A first pipe (17) is arranged between the water passage hole (26) and the closed water tank (20). 3. The measuring device for the horizontal progressive infiltration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 2, wherein the water disturbance device comprises a plurality of water disturbance pipes (11) evenly arranged on the outer cylinder (9), the Both the upper end and the lower end of the water disturbance pipe (11) communicate with the annular groove (13), the water disturbance pipe (11) is provided with a circulating water pump (12), and the outlet end of the water disturbance pipe (11) points to the second Tangential to the slope (25) and towards the lower end of the second slope (25). 4. The measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 1, wherein the slidable pressure plate (10) is arranged on the upper end of the porous inner cylinder (24), and the slidable pressure plate (10) The lower end surface of the slidable pressure plate (10) is flush with the lower end surface of the water pressure sensor (8). 5. The measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, it also comprises a frame (4), the bottom of the outer cylinder (9), the displacement sensor (2) being away from the slidable One end of the pressing plate (10) and one end of the linear drive mechanism (3) away from the slidable pressing plate (10) are fixedly arranged on the frame (4). 6. The measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising a high-pressure water supply device (5), the connection between the high-pressure water supply device (5) and the porous rigid pipe (15) Connected to the top. 7 . The measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 6 , wherein a connector ( 7 ) is fixedly arranged on the slidable pressing plate ( 10 ), and the connector ( 7 ) A second pipe (6) is arranged between the high-pressure water supply device (5), and the connector (7) communicates with the porous rigid pipe (15) and the second pipe (6). 8 . The measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 1 , wherein the slidable pressing plate ( 10 ) is provided with a threaded through hole, and the water pressure sensor ( 8 ) passes through a threaded hole. 9 . is connected in a threaded through hole; one end of the water pressure sensor (8) is provided with an external thread, and the length of the water pressure sensor (8) is greater than the thickness of the slidable pressing plate (10). 9. The measuring device for the horizontal progressive penetration failure process of earth and stone materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, between the porous rigid pipe (15) and the slidable pressure plate (10), the water pressure sensor (8) and the Seals are arranged between the slidable pressing plates (10). 10. the measuring method of the earth-rock material horizontal progressive penetration failure process described in any one of claim 1-9, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1: The soil-rock sample (1) is loaded into the porous inner cylinder (24) according to the set density, and the soil-rock sample (1) is dynamically compacted in layers; along the axial and circumferential directions of the porous rigid pipe (15) Drilling is carried out, the porous rigid pipe (15) is inserted into the soil and stone sample (1), the porous rigid pipe (15) is connected with the slidable pressing plate (10), and a gap (16) is left at the lower end of the porous rigid pipe (15) ; S2: Place the highest point of the inner hole at the top corner of the water head control pipe (11) at the same elevation as the top surface of the soil-rock sample (1); fill the annular groove (13) with water to fill the closed water tank (20) with water ) and then fill it into the water head control pipe (11), until water flows out of the water head control pipe (11) and stop adding water; in the process of the soil and stone sample (1) being gradually saturated with water, keep the position of the water head control pipe (11) unchanged. , continue to replenish the water in the annular groove (13) until the soil and stone samples (1) are saturated with water, the water level in the annular groove (13) is no longer lowered, and the highest point of the water in the annular groove (13) and the water head control continue to be maintained. The highest point of the inner hole at the top of the pipe (11) is flush; S3: Install the linear drive mechanism (3) and the displacement sensor (2); activate the linear drive mechanism (3) to press down the slidable pressure plate (10), and apply pressure to the soil and stone sample (1) through the slidable pressure plate (10). downward vertical pressure; at the same time, start the high-pressure water supply device (5) and the circulating water pump (12), and the high-pressure water supply device (5) supplies high-pressure water into the porous rigid pipe (15), so that the high-pressure water passes through the porous rigid pipe (15). The hole on 15) flows into the soil and stone sample (1); the circulating water pump (12) disturbs the water body in the annular groove (13) through the water body disturbance pipe (11), so that the water and water in the annular groove (13) are disturbed. The fine particles flow to the outlet (26) along the first slope (14) and the second slope (25), the water and the fine particles enter the closed water tank (20) through the pipe (17), and the excess water flows into the water head control pipe (21); S4: The tension sensor (18) continuously measures the floating weight of the exuded soil, the weighing device (22) continuously measures the mass of the exuded water, and several water pressure sensors (8) continuously measure the pore water pressure of the soil at different radial positions.

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