CN108680430B - Tailing centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system and testing method - Google Patents
Tailing centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108680430B CN108680430B CN201810214236.3A CN201810214236A CN108680430B CN 108680430 B CN108680430 B CN 108680430B CN 201810214236 A CN201810214236 A CN 201810214236A CN 108680430 B CN108680430 B CN 108680430B
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- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 263
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
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- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0208—Specific programs of loading, e.g. incremental loading or pre-loading
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tailing centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system and a test method. Comprises a sample device, a water outlet head control device, a water inlet device and a power device. The invention also provides a method for carrying out a consolidation seepage test on the centrifugal model of the tailings by using the system, and the system is used for preparing a tailings sample according to the test method provided by the invention; after the geotechnical centrifuge is started to reach a given centrifugal acceleration, the deadweight stress consolidation of the sample under the condition of stable seepage is realized; after the sample seepage and consolidation processes are judged to reach a stable state by monitoring the consolidation deformation and pore pressure of the sample, the mechanical parameters of the sample are tested by a pocket penetrometer fixed on the top cover of the model cylinder. The system and the method can be used for testing the soil body mechanical parameters of various tailing ponds, dam seepage-proofing bodies and embankment soil bodies under the consolidation seepage coupling condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a consolidation seepage control system and a test method for a tailing centrifugal model, which are particularly suitable for testing soil body mechanical parameters of various tailing ponds, dam seepage-proofing bodies, dikes and the like under consolidation seepage coupling conditions.
Background
With the development of mineral separation technology and the restriction of land use, the tailings pond of China inevitably develops towards the direction of fine grain damming and high-pile tailings damming, and the disaster hidden danger of the tailings pond is more prominent. The permeability of the fine-grained tailing materials is low, the seepage and consolidation processes are coupled, and the mechanical parameters of the fine-grained tailing materials are difficult to measure by adopting a conventional test method.
The synchronous coupling of seepage and consolidation processes can be well realized by utilizing a supergravity field provided by a centrifugal machine, but relevant equipment and a test method for consolidation seepage of a centrifugal model are not available at home and abroad at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tailing centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system and a test method.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tailing centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system is characterized by comprising a sample device, a water outlet head control device, a water inlet device and a power device; the sample device comprises a sample cylinder, and the sample cylinder is arranged in a water containing cylinder of the lower water head control device; an upper porous disk and a lower porous disk are arranged on the inner wall of the sample cylinder, and a tailing sample is filled between the upper porous disk and the lower porous disk; a displacement meter is connected above the upper porous plate and is used for measuring the displacement of the upper porous plate; the upper porous plate is also provided with a through central hole, and the pocket penetrometer penetrates through the central hole of the upper porous plate and penetrates into a tailing sample; a pore water pressure sensor is embedded in the tailing sample; a first overflow hole is formed in the wall of the sample cylinder at the upper water head above the upper water permeable plate and is connected with an overflow pipe for water outlet; the lower water head control device comprises a water containing barrel; the water containing barrel is arranged below the sample barrel; a second overflow hole is formed in the wall of the sample cylinder below the lower water permeable plate, and water seeped downwards by the lower water permeable plate is introduced into the water containing barrel; a third overflow hole is formed in the cylinder wall of the water containing bucket at the lower water head and used for discharging water; the water inlet device comprises a water pump; one end of the water pump is connected with a water source, and the other end of the water pump pumps water into the sample device through the first water pipe; the power device is connected with the pocket penetrometer and used for providing power. According to the test requirement, the power device is started, so that the pocket penetration instrument can penetrate downwards into the tailing sample, and the mechanical parameters of the tailing sample are obtained.
As a further improvement of the invention, the device also comprises a circulating water storage device; the circulating water storage device comprises a circulating water storage cylinder, a water containing cylinder is arranged in the circulating water storage cylinder, and the water level in the circulating water storage cylinder is required to be lower than a lower water head in the water containing cylinder; the first overflow hole is connected with the overflow pipe and used for introducing water into the circulating water storage device; the third overflow hole leads the water in the water bucket into a circulating water storage device; the water inlet device comprises a second water pipe; the water pump pumps water in the circulating water storage cylinder out through the second water pipe and pumps the water into the sample device through the first water pipe. Utilize circulating water storage device can retrieve the water that oozes during the experiment, continue to drop into next round of experiment, practice thrift the water source to the water of tailing sand that flows through can not outflow, can not cause environmental pollution.
As a further improvement of the invention, the circulating water storage device also comprises a top cover, wherein the top cover is arranged at the top of the circulating water storage cylinder; the water pump, the first water pipe and the power device are fixed on the top cover; one end of the displacement meter is connected with the upper water permeable plate, and the other end of the displacement meter is connected with the lower part of the top cover; and a through central hole is formed in the top cover, one end of the pocket penetrometer extends out of the central hole of the top cover and is connected with the power device, and the other end of the pocket penetrometer penetrates through the central hole of the upper permeable plate and extends into a tailing sample.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sample cylinder is provided with a plurality of first overflow holes, the first overflow holes are selected according to the elevation of the upper water head to be connected with the overflow pipe, and other overflow holes are sealed. Can be according to the requirement of upper water head during the experiment, be fixed in the first overflow hole of co-altitude with the overflow pipe, other first overflow hole are sealed.
As a further improvement of the invention, the water containing barrel is provided with a plurality of third overflow holes, the required third overflow holes are selected according to the height of the lower water head, and other overflow holes are sealed. During the test, the third overflow hole at a specific position can be opened according to the requirement of the lower water head, and other third overflow holes are sealed. The overflow water flows into the circulating water storage part.
As a further improvement of the invention, the penetration rod of the pocket-sized penetrometer is sleeved with a sleeve. The sleeve can eliminate the friction between the penetration rod of the pocket penetrometer and the tailing sample, and reduce the influence of the device on the precision of the test result.
As a further improvement of the invention, the top cover is provided with a lifting lug. The lifting lugs are arranged to be used for lifting the system in a laboratory.
The invention also aims to provide a test method of the consolidation seepage control system of the centrifugal model of the tailings pond, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the water containing cylinder in a circulating water storage cylinder;
s2, closing the overflow pipe and the overflow hole of the sample cylinder, and placing the sample cylinder in the water containing cylinder;
s3, placing the water permeable plate in a sample cylinder;
s4, loading the air-dried tailing material patterns into a sample cylinder in a layered mode, wherein each layer is 2-3 cm, the thickness of the sample is controlled according to the required pore ratio, and after each layer of the sample is loaded, water is slowly filled into the sample cylinder to the top surface of the sample; during sample loading, a pore water pressure sensor and a pocket penetrometer are embedded according to requirements, and the position of the pocket penetrometer is positioned in the center of a sample;
s5, after the sample is loaded, sleeving the upper water permeable plate on the pocket penetrometer, and placing the upper water permeable plate on the tailing sample;
s6, opening an overflow pipe, and slowly filling water into the sample cylinder to an upper water head;
s7, opening the third overflow hole, and slowly filling water into the water containing barrel to a lower water head;
s8, preliminarily estimating the flow required by sample seepage, slowly filling water into the circulating water storage cylinder according to the flow requirement, wherein the water level in the circulating water storage cylinder must be lower than a lower water head; and opening the second overflow hole;
s9, fixing the displacement meter, the water pipe, the water pump and the water pipe on the top cover;
s10, fixing the top cover on the top of the circulating water storage cylinder, and enabling the penetration rod of the pocket penetration instrument to penetrate through the central hole of the top cover; connecting a power device with an injection rod of the pocket-sized injection instrument, and fixing the power device on the top cover; completing system installation;
s11, hoisting the system to a centrifuge basket platform, and connecting the pore water pressure sensor, the pocket penetrometer and the displacement meter to a centrifuge data acquisition system; a power slip ring arranged on the centrifuge supplies power to the water pump and the power device; opening a water pump, keeping the water pump open until the test is finished, and keeping an upper water head and a lower water head of the tailing sample;
s12, starting the centrifuge to a designed acceleration, applying a supergravity field to the tailing material sample to enable the water head difference between the upper water head and the lower water head to reach an actual working condition, simultaneously realizing self-weight consolidation of the tailing material sample, and monitoring seepage and consolidation states through data collected by a pore water pressure sensor and a displacement meter;
s13, starting a power device when seepage and consolidation reach stable states, driving a pocket penetrometer to perform static sounding test on the tailing sample, and testing mechanical parameters of the tailing sample; stopping the power device after the test is finished;
s14, stopping the centrifugal machine and the water pump;
and S15, converting the density of the tailing sample after seepage consolidation stabilization through the data of the displacement meter.
By adopting the system and the method, after the geotechnical centrifuge is started to reach a given centrifugal acceleration, the deadweight stress consolidation of the sample under the condition of stable seepage is realized; after the sample seepage and consolidation processes are judged to reach a stable state by monitoring the consolidation deformation and pore pressure of the sample, the mechanical parameters of the sample are tested by a pocket penetrometer fixed on the top cover of the model cylinder. The system and the method can be used for testing the soil body mechanical parameters of various tailing ponds, dam seepage-proofing bodies and embankment soil bodies under the consolidation seepage coupling condition. By adopting the system and the test method provided by the invention, the mechanical parameters of the soil body under the consolidation seepage coupling condition can be accurately measured. And the test water can be recycled, so that the method is more economic and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a consolidation seepage control system device of a tailing centrifugal model according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The tailing centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system shown in fig. 1 comprises a sample device, a water outlet head control device, a water inlet device and a power device 21; the power device 21 adopts a motor 21.
The sample device comprises a sample cylinder 1, wherein the sample cylinder 1 is arranged in a water containing cylinder 12 of the lower water head control device; an upper porous plate 7 and a lower porous plate 2 are arranged on the inner wall of the sample cylinder 1, and a tailing sample 3 is filled between the upper porous plate 7 and the lower porous plate 2; a displacement meter 8 is connected above the upper porous plate 7 for measuring the displacement of the upper porous plate 7; the upper permeable plate 7 is also provided with a through central hole, the pocket penetrometer 5 penetrates through the central hole of the upper permeable plate 7 and goes deep into the tailing sample 3, wherein a sleeve 6 is sleeved on a penetrometer 5; a pore water pressure sensor 4 is embedded in the tailing material sample 3; a plurality of first overflow holes are formed in the wall of the sample cylinder 1 at the upper water head 10 above the upper water permeable plate 7, the required first overflow holes are selected according to the elevation of the upper water head 10 to be connected with an overflow pipe, other overflow holes are sealed, and the first overflow holes are connected with an overflow pipe 9 and used for water outlet;
the lower water head control device comprises a water containing barrel 12; the tub 12 is disposed below the sample drum 1; a second overflow hole 11 is formed in the wall of the sample cylinder 1 below the lower water permeable plate, and water seeped downwards by the lower water permeable plate 2 is led into a water holding bucket 12; a plurality of third overflow holes 13 are formed in the water containing barrel 12, the required third overflow holes 13 are selected according to the elevation of the lower water head 14, and other overflow holes are sealed for water outlet;
the water inlet device comprises a water pump 18; one end of the water pump 18 is connected with a water source, and the other end of the water pump pumps water into the sample device through a first water pipe 19;
the power device 21 is connected with the pocket penetrometer 5 and used for providing power.
The system test mode of the embodiment is as follows:
collecting field tailings, transporting the tailings to a laboratory, and carrying out air drying and sieving treatment;
selecting a plurality of upper water head elevations, lower water head elevations, sample densities and sample heights according to the safety performance analysis requirements of the tailing dam, carrying out a tailing material centrifugal model consolidation seepage test, and testing mechanical parameters of tailing materials under different osmotic water heads and dead weight consolidation conditions respectively;
and (3) carrying out safety performance analysis of the tailing dam by using mechanical parameters of tailing materials obtained by tests under different consolidation seepage conditions, and providing corresponding technical support for filling and safe operation of a tailing pond. The specific procedure is further illustrated in example 4.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the embodiment further comprises a circulating water storage device;
the circulating water storage device comprises a circulating water storage barrel 15, a water containing barrel 12 is arranged in the circulating water storage barrel 15, and the water level 16 in the circulating water storage barrel 15 is required to be lower than the lower water level 14 in the water containing barrel 12; the first overflow hole is connected with an overflow pipe 9 and introduces water into a circulating water storage device; the third overflow hole 13 introduces water in the tub 12 into the circulating water storage means;
the water inlet means comprises a second water pipe 17; the water pump 18 pumps water out of the circulating water storage cylinder 15 via the second water line 17 and pumps it into the sample device via the first water line 19.
Example 3
The present embodiment differs from embodiment 2 only in that it further includes a top cover 20;
the top cover 20 is arranged at the top of the circulating water storage cylinder 15;
the water pump 18, the first water pipe 19 and the power device 21 are fixed on the top cover;
one end of the displacement meter 8 is connected with the upper water permeable plate 7, and the other end is connected with the lower part of the top cover;
a through central hole is formed in the top cover 20, one end of the pocket-sized penetrometer 5 extends out of the central hole of the top cover 20 and is connected with a power device 21, and the other end of the pocket-sized penetrometer penetrates through the central hole of the upper porous plate 7 and penetrates into a tailing sample 3;
the top cover 20 is provided with a lifting lug.
Example 4
The embodiment takes the system described in embodiment 3 as an example, and provides a specific test method, which includes the following steps:
s1, placing the water containing barrel 12 in the circulating water storage barrel 15;
s2, the sample cylinder 1 is closed to the overflow pipe 9 and the overflow hole 11 and is placed in the water containing cylinder 12;
s3, placing the water permeable plate 2 in the sample cylinder 1;
s4, loading the air-dried tailing material patterns 3 into a sample cylinder 1 layer by layer, controlling the thickness of the sample according to the required pore ratio, and slowly filling water into the sample cylinder 1 to the top surface of the sample after each layer of the sample is loaded, wherein each layer is 2-3 cm; during sample loading, the pore water pressure sensor 4 and the pocket penetrometer 5 are embedded according to requirements, and the position of the pocket penetrometer 5 is positioned in the center of a sample;
s5, after the sample is loaded, sleeving the upper porous plate 7 on the pocket penetrometer 5, and placing the pocket penetrometer on the tailing sample 3;
s6, opening the overflow pipe 9, and slowly filling water into the sample cylinder 1 to the upper water head 10;
s7, opening the third overflow hole 13, and slowly filling water into the water containing barrel 12 to the lower water head 14;
s8, preliminarily estimating the flow rate required by sample seepage, slowly filling water into the circulating water storage cylinder 15 according to the flow rate requirement, wherein the water level 16 is required to be lower than the lower water head 14 in the water bucket 12; and the second overflow hole 11 is opened;
s9, fixing the displacement meter 8, the water pipe 17, the water pump 18 and the water pipe 19 on the top cover 20;
s10, fixing the top cover 20 on the top of the circulating water storage cylinder 15, and enabling the penetration rod of the pocket-sized penetrometer 5 to penetrate through the central hole of the top cover 20; connecting the power device 21 with the penetration rod of the pocket-sized penetrometer 5, and fixing the power device 21 on the top cover 20; completing system installation;
s11, hoisting the system to a centrifuge basket platform, and connecting the pore water pressure sensor 4, the pocket penetrometer 5 and the displacement meter 8 to a centrifuge data acquisition system; the power slip ring equipped by the centrifuge supplies power for the water pump 18 and the power device 21; the water pump 18 is started and kept on until the test is finished, and the upper water head 10 and the lower water head 14 of the tailing material sample 3 are kept;
s12, starting the centrifuge to a designed acceleration, applying a supergravity field to the tailing material sample 3 to enable the water head difference between the upper water head 10 and the lower water head 14 to reach an actual working condition, simultaneously realizing self-weight consolidation of the tailing material sample 3, and monitoring the states of seepage and consolidation through the data acquired by the pore water pressure sensor 4 and the displacement meter 8;
s13, starting the power device 21 when seepage and consolidation reach stable states, driving the pocket penetrometer 5 to carry out static sounding test on the tailing sample 3, and testing the mechanical parameters of the tailing sample 3; stopping the power device 21 after the test is finished;
s14, stopping the centrifugal machine and stopping the water pump 18;
and S15, converting the density of the tailing sample 3 after seepage consolidation stabilization through the data of the displacement meter 8.
Claims (6)
1. A tailing centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system is characterized by comprising a sample device, a water discharge head control device, a water inlet device, a circulating water storage device and a power device (21);
the sample device comprises a sample cylinder (1), wherein the sample cylinder (1) is arranged in a water containing barrel (12) of the lower water head control device; an upper permeable plate (7) and a lower permeable plate (2) are arranged on the inner wall of the sample cylinder (1), and a tailing sample (3) is filled between the upper permeable plate (7) and the lower permeable plate (2); a displacement meter (8) is connected above the upper porous plate (7) and is used for measuring the displacement of the upper porous plate (7); a through central hole is also formed in the upper permeable plate (7), and the pocket-sized penetrometer (5) penetrates through the central hole of the upper permeable plate (7) and goes deep into the tailing sample (3); pore water pressure sensors (4) are embedded in the tailing material samples (3); a first overflow hole is formed in the wall of the sample cylinder (1) at the upper water head (10) above the upper water permeable plate (7), and the first overflow hole is connected with an overflow pipe (9) and used for water outlet;
the lower header control device comprises a water bucket (12); the water containing barrel (12) is arranged below the sample barrel (1); a second overflow hole (11) is formed in the wall of the sample cylinder (1) below the lower water permeable plate, and water seeped downwards by the lower water permeable plate (2) is introduced into the water containing barrel (12); a third overflow hole (13) is formed in the cylinder wall of the water containing cylinder (12) at the lower water head (14) and used for discharging water;
the water inlet device comprises a water pump (18); one end of the water pump (18) is connected with a water source, and the other end of the water pump pumps water into the sample device through a first water pipe (19);
the power device (21) is connected with the pocket penetrometer (5) and is used for providing power;
the circulating water storage device comprises a circulating water storage cylinder (15), a water containing barrel (12) is arranged in the circulating water storage cylinder (15), and the water level (16) in the circulating water storage cylinder (15) is lower than a lower water head (14) in the water containing barrel (12); the first overflow hole is connected with an overflow pipe (9) and introduces water into the circulating water storage device; a third overflow hole (13) for introducing water in the water tub (12) into the circulating water storage device;
the water inlet device comprises a second water pipe (17); the water pump (18) pumps water in the circulating water storage cylinder (15) out through the second water pipe (17) and pumps the water into the sample device through the first water pipe (19);
a top cover (20) is arranged at the top of the circulating water storage cylinder (15);
the water pump (18), the first water pipe (19) and the power device (21) are fixed on the top cover;
one end of the displacement meter (8) is connected with the upper water permeable plate (7), and the other end is connected with the lower part of the top cover;
a through central hole is formed in the top cover (20), one end of the pocket-sized penetrometer (5) extends out of the central hole of the top cover (20) and is connected with the power device (21), and the other end of the pocket-sized penetrometer penetrates through the central hole of the upper permeable plate (7) and penetrates into the tailing material sample (3);
the testing method of the system comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the water bucket (12) in a circulating water storage cylinder (15);
s2, the sample cylinder (1) is closed by the overflow pipe (9) and the second overflow hole (11) and is placed in the water bucket (12);
s3, placing the lower permeable plate (2) in the sample cylinder (1);
s4, loading the air-dried tailing material samples (3) into a sample cylinder (1) layer by layer, controlling the thickness of the samples according to the required pore ratio, and slowly filling water into the sample cylinder (1) to the top surface of the samples after each layer of samples are loaded, wherein each layer is 2-3 cm; during sample loading, the pore water pressure sensor (4) and the pocket penetrometer (5) are embedded according to requirements, and the position of the pocket penetrometer (5) is positioned in the center of a sample;
s5, after the sample is loaded, sleeving the upper permeable plate (7) on the pocket penetrometer (5) and placing the pocket penetrometer on the tailing sample (3);
s6, opening the overflow pipe (9), and slowly filling water into the sample cylinder (1) to an upper water head (10);
s7, opening the third overflow hole (13), and slowly filling water into the water tub (12) to a lower water head (14);
s8, preliminarily estimating the flow rate required by sample seepage, slowly filling water into the circulating water storage cylinder (15) according to the flow rate requirement, wherein the water level (16) is lower than the lower water head (14) in the water bucket (12); and opening the second overflow hole (11);
s9, fixing the displacement meter (8), the second water pipe (17), the water pump (18) and the first water pipe (19) on the top cover (20);
s10, fixing the top cover (20) on the top of the circulating water storage cylinder (15), and enabling the penetration rod of the pocket penetration instrument (5) to penetrate through the central hole of the top cover (20); connecting a power device (21) with a penetration rod of the pocket-sized penetration instrument (5), and fixing the power device (21) on a top cover (20); completing system installation;
s11, hoisting the system to a centrifuge basket platform, and connecting the pore water pressure sensor (4), the pocket penetrometer (5) and the displacement meter (8) to a centrifuge data acquisition system; a power slip ring arranged on the centrifuge supplies power to the water pump (18) and the power device (21); the water pump (18) is started and kept on until the test is finished, and the upper water head (10) and the lower water head (14) of the tailing material sample (3) are kept;
s12, starting the centrifuge to a designed acceleration, applying a supergravity field to the tailing material sample (3), enabling the water head difference between the upper water head (10) and the lower water head (14) to reach an actual working condition, simultaneously realizing self-weight consolidation of the tailing material sample (3), and monitoring the states of seepage and consolidation through the collected data of the pore water pressure sensor (4) and the displacement meter (8);
s13, starting the power device (21) when seepage and consolidation reach stable states, driving the pocket penetrometer (5) to perform static sounding test on the tailing material sample (3), and testing mechanical parameters of the tailing material sample (3); stopping the power device (21) after the test is finished;
s14, stopping the centrifugal machine and stopping the water pump (18);
and S15, converting the density of the tailing material sample (3) after seepage consolidation stabilization according to the data of the displacement meter (8).
2. The tailings centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system according to claim 1, wherein the sample cylinder (1) is provided with a plurality of first overflow holes, and the first overflow holes are selected according to the elevation of the upper water head 10 to connect with an overflow pipe and close other overflow holes.
3. The tailings centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system according to claim 1, wherein the water bucket (12) is provided with a plurality of third overflow holes (13), the required third overflow holes (13) are selected according to the elevation of the lower water head (14), and other overflow holes are closed.
4. The tailings centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve (6) is sleeved on the penetration rod of the pocket-sized penetrometer (5).
5. The tailings centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system of claim 3, wherein the top cover (20) is provided with a lifting lug.
6. The tailings centrifugal model consolidation seepage control system of claim 4, wherein in the S4, the position of the pocket-sized penetrometer (5) and the sleeve (6) is in the center of the sample;
and in the S5, after the sample is loaded, the upper permeable plate (7) is sleeved on the pocket penetrometer (5) and the sleeve (6) and is placed on the tailing sample (3).
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| CN111505247B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2021-10-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Rock grouting test device and method based on centrifugal machine |
| CN111693361B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-05-14 | 大连理工大学 | Soil body intensity measuring device based on full-flow sounding |
| CN112504937B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-01-28 | 东北大学 | Rough single-crack seepage test device suitable for hypergravity environment |
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