CN116793917B - Slurry balance shield slurry penetration test device and method - Google Patents
Slurry balance shield slurry penetration test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116793917B CN116793917B CN202310220670.3A CN202310220670A CN116793917B CN 116793917 B CN116793917 B CN 116793917B CN 202310220670 A CN202310220670 A CN 202310220670A CN 116793917 B CN116793917 B CN 116793917B
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical research field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a slurry balance shield slurry permeation test device and a method for providing dynamic tunneling simulation for slurry balance shield slurry. Compared with the device in the prior art, the device provided by the invention can simulate the state of the mud film of the excavation surface during the slurry balance shield tunneling and acquire the parameters such as the filtration loss, the pore water pressure, the cutter head rotating speed, the torque, the tunneling speed, the thrust and the like, so that the study on the stability of the excavation surface and the tunneling parameters during the slurry balance shield tunneling is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, relates to the technical field of civil engineering test and test, and in particular relates to a slurry balance shield slurry permeation test device and a method for providing dynamic tunneling simulation for slurry balance shield slurry.
Background
With more and more tunnel engineering construction using slurry balance shield, problems such as water burst and mud burst of the tunnel face, arch or collapse of the earth surface, abrupt change of slurry bin pressure, rapid slurry loss, abnormal cutter torque and the like in construction continuously occur. Aiming at the problems, the permeation film forming rule of the mud under various stratum conditions needs to be clarified so as to purposefully design the mud mixing ratio to achieve the expected supporting performance; meanwhile, the rules of tunneling parameters including rotating speed, cutter torque, tunneling speed, propulsion force and the like under various strata are required to be researched so as to ensure the safe and efficient tunneling.
The slurry permeation film forming device widely used in the prior art has great defects: firstly, most devices are only suitable for simulating a static film forming state when a shield machine is stopped; secondly, the device does not have the function of simulating shield tunneling and has the monitoring capability on parameters such as the rotating speed, torque, tunneling speed, thrust and the like of a cutterhead during shield tunneling; thirdly, the device has no expansibility, the size of the device is fixed, and the sensor cannot be optionally additionally arranged or replaced. Therefore, in the stability research of the slurry balance shield excavation surface, the experimental simulation of the dynamic mud film and the tunneling process and the acquisition of related parameters become the problems which need to be solved; how to obtain parameters such as the fluid loss, the pore water pressure, the rotating speed of a cutterhead, the torque, the tunneling speed, the thrust and the like by simulating the state of a mud film of the tunneling surface during the tunneling of the slurry balance shield is more important for realizing the research on the stability of the tunneling surface and the tunneling parameters during the tunneling of the slurry balance shield.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a slurry permeation test device and method for a slurry balance shield, which simulate the state of a mud film on an excavation surface during slurry balance shield tunneling and acquire parameters such as filtration loss, pore water pressure, cutter head rotating speed, torque, tunneling speed, thrust and the like, so that the research on the stability of the excavation surface and tunneling parameters during slurry balance shield tunneling is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: comprising the following steps:
the infiltration column is used for performing infiltration film forming test on shield mud;
the tunneling system is used for providing simulated shield dynamic tunneling state for slurry in the permeable column;
a mud circulation system for treating contaminated mud within the permeate column;
a filtrate collection system for collecting filtrate produced by the permeation column test;
an air supply system of an air cushion cabin for forming an air area in the permeable column and/or a measurement system for acquiring relevant parameters for simulating the dynamic tunneling state of the shield.
On the basis of the scheme, the infiltration column comprises a mud sump arranged between the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate and used for storing mud and an infiltration area used for forming a mud film by mud infiltration in the stratum;
a mud water bin baffle plate is arranged between the mud water bin and the permeation area;
and a plurality of fixing columns used for connecting the mud sump and the infiltration area are arranged on the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate along the axial direction of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate.
On the basis of the scheme, a plurality of mud absorber baffles are stacked in the mud water bin;
the components A and B are alternately stacked in the penetration area, through holes are formed in the center positions of the components A and B, and radial holes are formed in the component B along the direction of the midpoint connecting line of the opposite sides of the component B.
On the basis of the scheme, the tunneling system comprises a cutterhead, a torque sensor assembly, a motor assembly and a bidirectional jack assembly, wherein the cutterhead is used for cutting slurry, the torque sensor assembly is used for monitoring torsional moment of the cutterhead, the motor assembly is used for driving the cutterhead to rotate, and the bidirectional jack assembly is used for providing tunneling thrust of the cutterhead.
On the basis of the scheme, the mud circulation system comprises a mud bucket for filtering, a mud outlet assembly for inputting polluted mud generated by tunneling in the permeable column into the mud bucket, and a mud inlet assembly for outputting the filtered mud out of the mud bucket and flowing back into the permeable column.
On the basis of the scheme, the filtrate collection system comprises a filtrate collector used for collecting, a first air pump used for providing an initial pore water pressure environment in a simulated stratum for the filtrate collector, a first pressure relief valve used for adjusting air pressure in the filtrate collector, a first pipeline used for being connected with the permeation column and a first valve arranged on the first pipeline and used for opening and closing the first pipeline.
On the basis of the scheme, the air cushion cabin air supply system comprises a second pipeline for inputting air into the muddy water bin of the permeation column, a second air pump for forming an air area in the muddy water bin, a second pressure relief valve for adjusting the air pressure in the muddy water bin and a second valve for opening and closing the second pipeline.
On the basis of the scheme, the measuring system comprises a pressure transmitter arranged on the permeable column, a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor arranged on the tunneling system, a data recorder for collecting data information, a direct current power supply for providing power for the data recorder and a flowmeter arranged on the filtrate collecting system for collecting filtrate flow data.
A slurry balance shield slurry penetration test device is used for providing dynamic tunneling simulation for slurry balance shield slurry.
A method for providing dynamic tunneling simulation for slurry balance shield slurry, which uses the test device, comprises the following steps:
s1: filling stratum materials in the permeable column, adding seawater into the permeable column through a filtrate collecting system, and adjusting the seawater height to be the same as the stratum surface after the stratum materials are saturated;
s2: pumping slurry into the permeable zone of the permeable column through a slurry circulation system;
s3: pumping air through an air supply system of the air cushion cabin to perform a static osmosis film forming test;
s4: after the test is finished, data are stored through a measuring system, after the mud is filled in the mud water bin, valves of each system are closed, and the permeable column is moved to be horizontally placed under the condition of pressure in the permeable column;
s5: opening an air supply system of the air cushion cabin, opening a plugging screw of a radial hole on the component B, discharging mud from the radial hole under the action of pressure, and generating a gas area on one side of a mud water cabin partition board;
s6: starting a mud circulation system, circulating mud, starting a tunneling system, and performing a tunneling test;
s7: after the mud permeates into the stratum material, a mud circulation system is started to supplement mud into the permeation column.
Compared with the device in the prior art, the device provided by the invention can simulate the state of the mud film of the excavation surface during the slurry balance shield tunneling and acquire the parameters such as the filtration loss, the pore water pressure, the cutter head rotating speed, the torque, the tunneling speed, the thrust and the like, so that the study on the stability of the excavation surface and the tunneling parameters during the slurry balance shield tunneling is realized. Particularly, the device is additionally provided with the tunneling system which is matched with other systems for use, so that the influence of the simulated tunneling on the static film forming test result can be met, and the simulation scene is effectively increased. The device and the test method can fully simulate the service state of materials applied in engineering, particularly slurry balance shield mud in natural environment in place, and the simulation state is more in line with the actual condition on site. In addition, the system and the components contained in the test device are easy to purchase and assemble, and the production cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slurry permeation test apparatus for a slurry balance shield in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a permeation column according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2-1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a component B in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2-2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sludge suction baffle in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIGS. 2-3 are schematic views showing the structure of the slurry tank partition plate in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the tunneling system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the construction of a tunneling system (mounted on a fixed column) according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of a slurry circulation system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a mud bucket in the mud circulation system according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a sludge sucker in a sludge circulation system in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a filtrate collecting system according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a filtrate collector in the filtrate collecting system according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the air supply system of the air cushion cabin in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the measuring system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the packed stratum and seawater (stratum saturation state) in the permeation column in S1 of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the installation structure of the standard section of the permeation column in S11 in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the static osmosis membrane formation test in S3 in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the construction of the tunneling test (osmotic column and tunneling system) in S6 of example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it being noted that the examples described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a slurry balance shield slurry permeation test device, which comprises a permeation column 1 for conducting permeation film forming test on shield slurry, a tunneling system 2 for providing slurry in the permeation column 1 with a simulated shield dynamic tunneling state, a slurry circulation system 3 for treating polluted slurry in the permeation column 1, a filtrate collection system 4 for collecting filtrate generated in the test in the permeation column 1, an air cushion cabin air supply system 5 for forming a gas area in the permeation column 1, and a measurement system 6 for obtaining relevant parameters of the simulated shield dynamic tunneling state.
Specifically, the relevant parameters of the shield tunneling construction include a pressure parameter in the permeable column 1, a torque parameter in the tunneling system 2, a tunneling thrust parameter, a tunneling distance parameter and a filtrate flow parameter in the filtrate collection system 4. The test device is used for carrying out slurry balance shield dynamic tunneling and slurry permeation film forming tests to obtain the parameters of formation excess pore water pressure-time, filtrate flow-time, cutter head rotating speed-time, torque-time, tunneling thrust-time, tunneling distance-time and the like, namely simulating the state of a mud film on a tunneling surface during slurry balance shield tunneling and obtaining the parameters of fluid loss, pore water pressure, cutter head rotating speed, torque, tunneling speed, thrust and the like, so that the research on the stability of the tunneling surface and tunneling parameters during slurry balance shield tunneling is realized.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the infiltration column 1 includes a slurry sump 130 disposed between the upper and lower pressure plates 110 and 120 for storing slurry and an infiltration region 140 for forming a slurry film by infiltration of the slurry in the formation, a slurry sump partition 150 (shown in fig. 2-3) is disposed between the slurry sump 130 and the infiltration region 140, a plurality of slurry absorber baffles 131 (shown in fig. 2-2) are disposed in the slurry sump 130 in a stacked manner, and a sealing gasket (not shown) is disposed between the plurality of slurry absorber baffles 131 in order to improve the sealability of the slurry sump 130. The components A141 and B142 are alternately stacked in the penetration area 140, and through holes are formed in the center positions of the components A141 and B142; as shown in fig. 13, in order to improve the sealing effect, a gasket 143 is provided between the member a141 and the member B142; in order to ensure that the parts are installed in place, preformed holes for limiting are formed in each of the parts A141 and B142, and the positioning blocks 144 are inserted into the preformed holes when the parts are installed; as shown in fig. 2-1, in order to install the pressure transmitter 610 and discharge mud, radial holes 142-1 are provided in the component B142 in the direction of the midpoint line along the opposite sides thereof, the pressure transmitter 610 is installed in the radial holes 142-1, and the other radial holes 142-1 are sealed with plugging bolts.
Specifically, in order to make the components in the permeable column 1 closely adhere, four fixing columns 160 are axially disposed on the upper platen 110 and the lower platen 120, and the four fixing columns 160 are respectively located at two ends of the upper platen 110 and the lower platen 120 and fastened by bolts, where the upper platen 110 is disposed on a side close to the mud sump 130, the lower platen 120 is disposed on a side close to the permeable region 140 and far from the mud sump 130, and an extension section for installing the tunneling system 2 is provided on a side of the fixing columns 160 close to the upper platen 110.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-4, the tunneling system 2 includes a cutterhead 210 for cutting slurry, a torque sensor assembly 220 for monitoring the torsion moment of the cutterhead 210, a motor assembly 230 for driving the cutterhead 210 to rotate, and a bi-directional jack assembly 240 for providing the tunneling thrust of the cutterhead 210, which are sequentially disposed on the fixed column 160 along the extending direction thereof.
Specifically, the torque sensor assembly 220 includes a torque sensor fixing plate 221 disposed on the fixing post 160 and a torque sensor 222 for monitoring the torque of the cutterhead 210, the torque sensor 222 is disposed on the torque sensor fixing plate 221, wherein one end of the torque sensor 222 away from the cutterhead 210 is connected with a transmission shaft 224 through a first coupling 223, and the end of the transmission shaft 224 is provided with the cutterhead 210; in order to ensure that the tunneling system 2 is installed on the permeable column 1, the transmission shaft 224 is provided with an internal thread bearing 225 for connecting with the upper pressing plate 110 (an external thread matched with the internal thread of the internal thread bearing 225 is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 224);
the motor assembly 230 includes first and second motor fixing plates 231 and 232 disposed on the fixing post 160, and a motor 233 disposed between the first and second motor fixing plates 231 and 232; the main shaft of the motor 233 is connected with the torque sensor 222 through the second coupling 234, the motor 233 is started to drive the transmission shaft 224 to rotate, so that the cutterhead 210 is driven to rotate, and the torque moment of the cutterhead 210 is monitored through the torque sensor 222 in the process of rotating the cutterhead 210 (physical change of torque is converted into accurate electric signals to be transmitted to the measuring system 6);
the bi-directional jack assembly 240 includes a first jack fixing plate 241 and a second jack fixing plate 242 disposed on the fixing column 160, and a bi-directional jack 243 disposed between the first jack fixing plate 241 and the second jack fixing plate 242 for driving the cutterhead 210 to move along the length direction of the fixing column 160, wherein the bi-directional jack 243 is capable of retracting the bi-directional jack 243 to separate the cutterhead 210 from the excavated surface after the tunneling experiment is completed or when a problem is encountered in the experiment; specifically, the first jack fixing plate 241, the first motor fixing plate 231 and the second motor fixing plate 232 are respectively disposed on the fixing column 160 through the linear bearings 244, and can move along the length direction of the fixing column 160, when the bidirectional jack 234 is extended or shortened, the first jack fixing plate 241, the linear bearings 244, the motor assembly 230, the torque sensor assembly 220, the transmission shaft 224 and the cutterhead 210 move together, and the transmission shaft 224 and the cutterhead 210 can simultaneously rotate and translate, so that the cutting and tunneling of mud in the permeable column 1 are realized.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the mud circulation system 3 includes a mud bucket 310 for filtering, a mud discharging assembly 320 for inputting polluted mud generated by tunneling in the permeable column 1 into the mud bucket 310, and a mud feeding assembly 330 for outputting the filtered mud out of the mud bucket 310 and back into the permeable column 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the mud bucket 310 includes a bucket body 311, a filter 312 disposed in the bucket body 311 for filtering, a pressing plate 313 disposed at the top of the bucket body 311 for fastening the filter 312 and the bucket body 311, and a pipe joint 314 disposed on the pressing plate 313 for connecting the mud discharging assembly 320. Wherein, the open end of the barrel 311 is provided with a first extension part 311-1 for limiting in the horizontal direction, the open end of the filter 312 is provided with a second extension part 312-1 for limiting in the horizontal direction, and the second extension part 312-1 is arranged between the first extension part 311-1 and the pressing plate 313; in order to fix the tub 311, the filter 312, and the pressing plate 313, a plurality of screw holes 315 are formed in the circumferential direction at positions where the first extension 311-1, the second extension 312-1, and the pressing plate 313 overlap, and the three are fastened by screwing bolts into the screw holes 315. In order to improve the filtering effect, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the filter 312, a filtering material is placed in the filter 312, the filter 312 is made of stainless steel (corrosion resistant), the mud discharging assembly 330 pumps the polluted mud generated by tunneling into the filter 312, the filter 312 filters out the particles of the polluted mud through the through holes and the filtering medium, and the filtered mud enters the filter 311 and leaves the filter through the mud feeding assembly 330 to return to the osmotic column 1 again, so that the filtering is completed.
The mud discharging assembly 320 includes a mud discharging pipe 321 provided at the pipe joint 314 for inputting contaminated mud into the mud bucket 310 and a first mud pump 322 for pumping mud to the mud discharging pipe 321.
On the basis of the above scheme, the mud outlet assembly 320 further comprises a mud sucking assembly 323 arranged on the first mud pump 322 and used for sucking the polluted mud generated by tunneling in the permeable column 1. Specifically, the suction assembly 323 includes a suction dredge 323-1 and a suction pipe 323-2, one end of the suction pipe 323-2 is connected with the bottom of the mud bucket 310 and the other end thereof is connected with the suction dredge 323-1. Further, as shown in fig. 7, the sludge sucker 323-1 includes a bearing 323-1-1 provided on the transmission shaft 224, a bracket 323-1-2 provided on the bearing 323-1-1 for connection, a stop lever 323-1-3 provided on the bracket 323-1-2 for limiting rotation of the sludge sucker baffle 131, a flexible hose 323-1-4 provided on the bracket 323-1-2 for outputting contaminated sludge in the sludge sump 130, and a joint 323-1-5 for guiding out contaminated sludge in the sludge sump 130, the bracket 323-1-2 fixes one ends of the bearing 323-1-1 and the flexible hose 323-1-4, a reserved hole of the bracket 323-1-2 is fixed with a bolt, the other end of the flexible hose 323-1-4 is connected with the joint 323-1-5, the joint 323-1-5 is connected with threads on the sludge sucker baffle 131, and the sludge at the excavated position can be pumped along the sludge suction pipe 323-2 by the first sludge pump 322. The flexible tube 323-1-4 can be folded into a compact and short form, and can be elongated in a form of elastic or plastic deformation when needed, while when the cutterhead 210 advances, one end of the flexible tube 323-1-4 advances along with the other end being fixed, and the flexible tube 323-1-4 is elongated from a compact state to a loose state; if other types of tubing are used, elongation can result in elastoplastic deformation, internal forces can affect machine operation, or longer tubing can take up internal space in the machine. The purpose of the fittings 323-1-5 is to direct the contaminated slurry from the tunneling out of the slurry sump 130, into the slurry outlet line 321 and into the slurry tank 310 for filtration.
In order to prevent the suction dredge 323-1 from rotating as the cutterhead 210 advances under the cooperation of the bearing 323-1-1, the stop lever 323-1-3 is connected with the bracket 323-1-2 by bolts, and when the transmission shaft 224 rotates, as shown in fig. 2-3, the stop lever 323-1-3 is blocked by the right-angle protrusion of the suction dredge baffle 131.
The mud feeding assembly 330 includes a mud feeding pipe 331 for feeding contaminated mud into the mud bucket 310, a second mud pump 332 provided on the mud feeding pipe 331 for pumping the filtered mud into the osmotic column 1, and a reserve mud bucket 333 provided on the second mud pump 332 for replenishing the mud into the osmotic column 1.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the filtrate collection system 4 includes a filtrate collector 410 for collecting, a first air pump 420 for providing an environment simulating the initial pore water pressure in the formation into the filtrate collector 410, a first pressure relief valve 430 for adjusting the air pressure in the filtrate collector 410, a first pipe 440 for connecting the permeate column 1, a first valve 450 provided on the first pipe 440 for opening and closing the first pipe 440, and a flow meter 650 provided on the first pipe 440 for collecting the filtrate flow data. Specifically, the first air pump 420 is used to provide pressure to the filtrate collector 410 to simulate the initial pore water pressure in the formation, i.e., back pressure, at which filtrate produced during the experiment enters the filtrate collector 410; the first pressure release valve 430 maintains the air pressure in the filtrate collector 410 at about a certain set value, when the liquid level rises or the air pump pumps air, the air pressure in the filtrate collector 410 is increased, when the air pressure exceeds a certain set value, the first pressure release valve 430 automatically opens the exhaust, and when the air pressure is lower than the set value, the first pressure release valve 430 is closed; a first conduit 440 fitted with a first valve 450 is connected to the lower platen 120 of the permeate column 1 and filtrate is passed through the first conduit 440 into the filtrate collector 410.
On the basis of the above-described scheme, as shown in fig. 9, the filtrate collector 410 includes two pressing plates 411, a cylinder 412 disposed between the two pressing plates 411, and a fixing rod 413 for fastening the two pressing plates 411. In order to clearly see the liquid level in the filtrate collector 410 with naked eyes, the cylinder 412 is made of acrylic material; the cylinder 412 is installed between grooves provided on opposite sides of the two pressing plates 411 and sealed by a sealant; two pressing plates 411 are fixedly installed with bolts through fixing rods 413. The two pressing plates 411 are respectively reserved with three threaded holes for installing various joints (a joint of the first air pump 420, a joint of the first pipeline 440, etc.) and the pressure release valve 430, and the unused joints are closed by using plugging bolts.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the air cushion chamber air supply system 5 includes a second pipe 510 for supplying air into the muddy water chamber 130 of the permeation column 1, a second air pump 520 for forming an air region in the muddy water chamber 130, a second pressure relief valve 530 for adjusting the air pressure in the muddy water chamber 130, and a second valve 540 for opening and closing the second pipe 510.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the measurement system 6 includes a pressure transmitter 610 provided on the osmotic column 1, a displacement sensor 620 and a pressure sensor 630 provided in the tunneling system 2, a flow meter 650 provided on the filtrate collection system 4, a data logger 640 for collecting data information, and a dc power supply for supplying power to the data logger 640. Specifically, the plurality of pressure transmitters 610 are disposed in through holes formed in the component a141 and the component B142 along the transverse directions thereof, the displacement sensor 620 is disposed on the fixing column 160 between the first jack fixing plate 241 and the second jack fixing plate 242, the fixing column 160 is provided with a first bracket and a second bracket, the displacement sensor 620 is disposed on the first bracket, and the second bracket is connected with the telescopic rod portion of the displacement sensor 620 and the telescopic portion of the bidirectional jack 243; the pressure sensor 630 is installed at one end of the bi-directional jack 243 near the second jack fixing plate 242.
Data logger 640 is configured to receive data transmitted from pressure transmitter 610, torque sensor 222, displacement sensor 620, pressure sensor 630, and flow meter 650. The measuring system 6 in this embodiment may employ conventional commercially available equipment, which is not an innovation of the present invention and will not be described in detail herein.
Example 2
A method for providing dynamic tunneling simulation for slurry balance shield slurry, the apparatus of embodiment 1 comprising the steps of:
s1: as shown in fig. 12, the permeable column 1 is filled with stratum material, seawater is added through the filtrate collecting system 4, and after the stratum is saturated, the seawater is adjusted to be the same as the surface of the stratum;
s2: pumping mud through the mud circulation system 3 to the permeate region 140 of the permeate column 1;
s3: as shown in fig. 14, air is pumped in through the air cushion cabin air supply system 5 to perform a static permeation film forming test;
s4: after the test is finished, the data are stored through the measuring system 6, after the mud is filled in the mud water bin 130, the valves of the systems are closed, and the osmotic column 1 is moved to be horizontally placed under the condition of the pressure in the osmotic column 1;
s5: opening the air cushion cabin air supply system 5, opening the plugging screw of the radial hole 142-1 on the component B142, discharging mud from the radial hole 142-1 (mud discharging hole) under the action of pressure, and generating a gas area on one side of the mud water cabin partition plate 150;
s6: starting a first slurry pump 322 of the slurry circulation system 3, circulating slurry, and simultaneously starting a tunneling system to perform tunneling test;
s7: after the mud permeates into the stratum, the second mud pump 332 of the mud circulation system 3 is started to supplement mud into the permeation column 1;
s8: and (5) after the device is disassembled to the position of the mud film, cutting out the whole mud film and storing the whole mud film.
Specifically, the power supply and the valves of all the systems are closed, all the systems are detached from the permeable column 1, the permeable column 1 is erected, residual slurry is discharged, the permeable column is disassembled from the upper part, the whole mud film is cut out by using a thin flat plate after being disassembled to the position of the mud film, and the permeable column is placed in a sealing box for storage, and the permeable column components are disassembled one by one and stratum residues are cleaned.
As a specific scheme, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11: as shown in fig. 13, a component a141, a sealing gasket 143 and a component B142 are mounted in a superposition manner, and a positioning block 144, a plugging bolt and a pressure transmitter 610 are mounted, wherein the component is a standard section of the permeation column 1;
s12: 4 fixed columns 160 are arranged on the lower pressing plate 120 through bolts, the fixed columns 160 are vertically placed on the ground, the lower pressing plate 120 is leveled by a level meter, a first standard section is arranged on the lower pressing plate 120, permeable stones are arranged in the first standard section, and a first pipeline 440 of the filtrate collecting system 4 is arranged on the lower pressing plate 120;
s13: filling stratum materials into the first standard section, compacting (selecting proper number of standard sections according to the requirement, filling the stratum materials and compacting after each section is installed), and installing a mud sump baffle 131 and a mud absorber baffle 131;
s14: injecting seawater manually configured according to the API standard into the permeable region 140 through the first pipeline 440 of the filtrate collector 410, starting the first air pump 420 to slowly pump the seawater into the permeable column, and installing a plugging screw after completion (the pressure plate 411 of the filtrate collector 410 is provided with three interfaces, which are respectively connected with the first pressure release valve 430, the first air pump 420 and the plugging screw, the plugging screw needs to be detached, the seawater is injected from the hole, the plugging screw is screwed into the interface after completion), and the attention is paid that when the seawater in the permeable column 1 is insufficient to exceed the surface of a stratum, the first valve 450 is closed, and the seawater is added again for pumping in; ending the operation when the seawater exceeds the surface of the stratum, waiting for one day to fully saturate the stratum, and observing the height of the seawater during the period to ensure that the seawater always passes through the stratum;
s14: after saturation is completed, the sea water height in the permeable column is adjusted to be the same as the stratum surface, an upper pressing plate 110 is installed on the permeable column 1, and a measuring system 6, a slurry circulation system 3, a tunneling system 2 and an air cushion cabin air supply system 5 are assembled and connected with the permeable column 1.
As a specific scheme, step S6 specifically includes the following steps:
s61: after the mud starts to circulate, the motor 233 of the tunneling system 2 is started to enable the cutterhead 210 to start rotating, and meanwhile, the bidirectional jack assembly 240 is started to enable the cutterhead 210 to slowly approach the stratum, so that a tunneling experiment is started.
By using the device and the method of the embodiment, the condition of the face mud film is excavated under the action of the shield tunneling by taking the slurry balance shield tunneling into consideration, and parameters such as the filtration loss, the pore water pressure, the cutter head rotating speed, the torque, the tunneling speed, the thrust and the like are obtained, so that the environment simulation of the slurry balance shield slurry under the action of the shield tunneling is realized, and the influence of each factor under the action of the shield tunneling and the change of the shield slurry in the process are determined.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A slurry balance shield mud penetration test device, comprising:
the infiltration column (1) is used for performing infiltration film forming test on shield slurry;
a tunneling system (2) for providing simulated shield dynamic tunneling state for slurry in the permeable column (1);
a mud circulation system (3) for treating contaminated mud in the permeable column (1);
a filtrate collection system (4) for collecting filtrate produced by the test in the permeation column (1);
an air cushion cabin air supply system (5) for forming an air area in the permeable column (1) and a measurement system (6) for acquiring relevant parameters for simulating the dynamic tunneling state of the shield;
the infiltration column (1) comprises a muddy water bin (130) arranged between the upper pressing plate (110) and the lower pressing plate (120) and used for storing mud and an infiltration area (140) used for forming a mud film through mud infiltration in the stratum;
a mud water bin baffle (150) is arranged between the mud water bin (130) and the permeation area (140);
a plurality of fixing columns (160) for connecting the mud sump (130) and the permeation area (140) are arranged on the upper pressing plate (110) and the lower pressing plate (120) along the axial direction of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate;
a plurality of sludge absorber baffles (131) are stacked in the sludge water bin (130);
the device is characterized in that a part A (141) and a part B (142) are alternately stacked in the permeation area (140), through holes are formed in the center positions of the part A (141) and the part B (142), and radial holes (142-1) are formed in the part B (142) along the direction of midpoint connecting lines of opposite sides of the part A;
the air cushion cabin air supply system (5) comprises a second pipeline (510) for inputting air into the muddy water cabin (130) of the permeation column (1), a second air pump (520) for forming an air area in the muddy water cabin (130), a second pressure relief valve (530) for adjusting the air pressure in the muddy water cabin (130) and a second valve (540) for opening and closing the second pipeline (510);
the measuring system (6) comprises a pressure transmitter (610) arranged on the permeable column (1), a displacement sensor (620) and a pressure sensor (630) arranged on the tunneling system (2), a data recorder (640) for collecting data information, a direct current power supply for providing power for the data recorder (640) and a flowmeter (650) arranged on the filtrate collecting system (4) for collecting filtrate flow data.
2. The slurry balance shield mud penetration test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tunneling system (2) comprises a cutterhead (210) for cutting mud, a torque sensor assembly (220) for monitoring a torsional moment of the cutterhead (210), a motor assembly (230) for driving the cutterhead (210) to rotate, and a bidirectional jack assembly (240) for providing a tunneling thrust of the cutterhead (210) sequentially arranged on the fixed column (160) along an extending direction thereof.
3. The slurry balance shield mud penetration test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mud circulation system (3) comprises a mud bucket (310) for filtering, a mud discharging assembly (320) for inputting polluted mud generated by tunneling in the penetration string (1) into the mud bucket (310), and a mud feeding assembly (330) for outputting the filtered mud out of the mud bucket (310) and back into the penetration string (1).
4. The slurry balance shield mud penetration test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filtrate collection system (4) comprises a filtrate collector (410) for collecting, a first air pump (420) for providing an environment simulating an initial pore water pressure in the formation into the filtrate collector (410), a first pressure release valve (430) for adjusting an air pressure in the filtrate collector (410), a first pipe (440) for connecting with the penetration column (1), and a first valve (450) provided on the first pipe (440) for opening and closing the first pipe (440).
5. A test rig as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 for providing dynamic tunneling simulation for slurry balance shield mud.
6. A method of providing dynamic tunneling simulation for slurry balance shield mud, characterized by using the test apparatus of any of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
s1: filling stratum materials in the permeable column (1), adding seawater into the permeable column (1) through a filtrate collecting system (4), and adjusting the seawater height to be the same as the stratum surface after the stratum materials are saturated;
s2: pumping mud into a permeation region (140) of the permeation column (1) through a mud circulation system (3);
s3: pumping air through an air cushion cabin air supply system (5) to perform a static osmosis film forming test;
s4: after the test is finished, the data are stored through a measuring system (6), after the mud is filled in the mud water bin (130), the valves of the systems are closed, and the osmotic column (1) is moved to be horizontally placed under the condition that the pressure in the osmotic column (1) is increased;
s5: opening an air cushion cabin air supply system (5), and opening a plugging screw of a radial hole (142-1) on a component B (142) to enable slurry to be discharged from the radial hole (142-1) under the action of pressure and generate a gas area on one side of a mud cabin partition board (150);
s6: starting a mud circulation system (3), circulating mud, and simultaneously starting a tunneling system (2) to perform a tunneling test;
s7: after the mud permeates into stratum materials, a mud circulation system (3) is started to supplement mud into the permeable column (1).
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