CN112540038A - Test device and method for testing coupling permeability characteristics of geotextile and sandy soil - Google Patents
Test device and method for testing coupling permeability characteristics of geotextile and sandy soil Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 279
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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Abstract
The invention provides a test device and a method for testing the coupling permeability characteristic of geotextile and sandy soil, wherein the device comprises the following components: the infiltration module is used for simulating an infiltration process and comprises an upper cylinder, a first middle cylinder, a second middle cylinder and a lower cylinder which are detachably connected from top to bottom in sequence; the upper cylinder, the first middle cylinder, the second middle cylinder and the lower cylinder are communicated in sequence and are all made of transparent materials; a geotextile is detachably arranged between the first middle tube and the second middle tube; the upper cylinder is communicated with a water supply module for providing constant-pressure water flow; one end of the first middle cylinder, which is close to the upper cylinder, is provided with a first pore water pressure sensor; one end of the first middle cylinder, which is close to the second middle cylinder, is provided with a second pore water pressure sensor; one end of the second middle cylinder, which is close to the first middle cylinder, is provided with a third pore water pressure sensor; one end of the second middle cylinder, which is close to the lower cylinder, is provided with a fourth pore water pressure sensor; the lower cylinder is communicated with a weighing module for measuring the water seepage amount. The method can be used for evaluating the coupling permeability characteristic of the geotextile and the sandy soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field related to geotextile permeameters, and particularly relates to a test device and a method for testing coupling permeability characteristics of geotextiles and sandy soil.
Background
Geotextile, also called geotextile, is a novel high polymer material with good permeability, high tensile strength, easy construction and low cost. In recent years, the porous material has high porosity and small pore diameter, and has good reverse filtration characteristics, so that the porous material is widely applied to projects such as water conservancy, rock and soil, environment and the like. One of the important applications is the tube bag dam engineering, i.e. the dam engineering formed by filling, stacking cofferdams and then blowing fill the geotextile tube bags.
The tube bag dam is widely applied to various hydraulic engineering by virtue of the advantages of low carbon, energy conservation, simple process, reliable technology, cost saving, controllable construction period and the like. Compared with the rapid development of engineering practice, the research on the dam construction theory is relatively lagged behind, and particularly as a water retaining building, the seepage field is not established, so that the research on the safety of a dam body is greatly limited. Because the tube bag dam is different from the traditional earth-rock dam, the seepage field is determined by sand used by the dam body, and the integral permeability characteristic of a filling tube bag formed after the sand is filled into geotextile needs to be considered. Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus capable of testing the coupling permeability of geotextile and sand, so as to research the permeability of the whole filling tube bag formed by geotextile-wrapped earth, and provide an effective measuring device and method for obtaining basic data required for establishing the whole seepage field of the tube bag dam.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test device and a test method for testing the coupling permeability of a geotextile and sandy soil, and aims to solve the problem that the existing instrument cannot test the coupling permeability of the geotextile and the sandy soil. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a test device for testing the permeability characteristics of a geotextile coupled with sand, comprising: the infiltration module is used for simulating an infiltration process and comprises an upper tube, a first middle tube, a second middle tube and a lower tube which are detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom; the upper cylinder, the first middle cylinder, the second middle cylinder and the lower cylinder are communicated in sequence and are all made of transparent materials; a geotextile is detachably arranged between the first middle tube and the second middle tube;
wherein the upper cylinder is communicated with a water supply module for providing constant-pressure water flow;
the first middle cylinder is used for placing a first sandy soil sample, and one end of the first middle cylinder, which is close to the upper cylinder, is provided with a first pore water pressure sensor; one end of the first middle cylinder, which is close to the second middle cylinder, is provided with a second pore water pressure sensor;
the second middle cylinder is used for placing a second sandy soil sample, and one end, close to the first middle cylinder, of the second middle cylinder is provided with a third pore water pressure sensor; one end of the second middle cylinder, which is close to the lower cylinder, is provided with a fourth pore water pressure sensor;
the lower cylinder is communicated with a weighing module for measuring the water seepage amount.
Preferably, the lower end face of the upper cylinder, the upper end face of the first middle cylinder, the lower end face of the first middle cylinder, the upper end face of the second middle cylinder, the lower end face of the second middle cylinder and the upper end face of the lower cylinder are all flanges.
Preferably, the upper end surface of the first middle cylinder and the lower end surface of the upper cylinder, the lower end surface of the first middle cylinder and the upper end surface of the second middle cylinder, and the lower end surface of the second middle cylinder and the upper end surface of the lower cylinder are connected through bolts.
Preferably, a foaming water stop seal ring is respectively fixed on the lower end face of the upper cylinder, the upper end face of the first middle cylinder, the lower end face of the first middle cylinder, the upper end face of the second middle cylinder, the lower end face of the second middle cylinder and the upper end face of the lower cylinder.
Preferably, the lower cylinder and the second middle cylinder are provided with a second gauze; the second gauze is positioned between the foaming water stop sealing ring at the lower cylinder and the foaming water stop sealing ring at the second middle cylinder; a first gauze is arranged between the upper cylinder and the first middle cylinder; the foaming water stop sealing ring at the upper cylinder of the first gauze and the foaming water stop sealing ring at the middle cylinder of the first gauze are arranged between the upper cylinder of the first gauze and the middle cylinder of the first gauze.
Preferably, the water supply module comprises a buffer tank, a water pump and a water source which are sequentially connected with the upper barrel.
Preferably, a precision pressure gauge is arranged on a water pipeline between the buffer tank and the upper barrel; one-way check valves are arranged on the water pipelines of the buffer tank and the water pump; a valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water pump and the water source; the water pump is electrically connected with a precision speed regulator.
Preferably, the weighing module comprises a water containing tank communicated with the lower barrel; the water tank is provided with
A weighing pressure sensor.
A test method for testing the coupling permeability of geotextile and sandy soil is based on the test device for testing the coupling permeability of geotextile and sandy soil, and comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a sample and a geotextile: firstly, calculating the sample quantity of a required first sandy soil sample according to the capacity of a first middle cylinder, calculating the sample quantity of a required second sandy soil sample according to the capacity of the first middle cylinder, and then preparing two identical first sandy soil samples and two identical second sandy soil samples;
cutting the geotextile, wherein the area of the geotextile is larger than the inner diameter of the first middle cylinder and larger than the inner diameter of the second middle cylinder; holes for fastening bolts to pass through are formed in the geotextile;
(2) calibrating the water supply module;
(3) selecting a pair of identical permeation modules, a pair of identical water supply modules, a pair of identical weighing modules, a pair of identical information acquisition modules, a pair of identical first pore water pressure sensors, a pair of identical second pore water pressure sensors, a pair of identical third pore water pressure sensors and a pair of identical fourth pore water pressure sensors;
(4) constructing a first test device: the upper barrel, the first middle barrel, the second middle barrel and the lower barrel in a penetration module are connected in sequence; wherein, a first sand sample is placed in the first middle cylinder, and a second sand sample is placed in the second middle cylinder;
finally, a water supply module and a weighing module are respectively communicated with a permeation module; an information acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with a first pore water pressure sensor, a second pore water pressure sensor, a third pore water pressure sensor, a fourth pore water pressure sensor and a weighing module;
(5) component second test apparatus: the upper barrel, the first middle barrel, the second middle barrel and the lower barrel in the other infiltration module are connected in sequence; wherein, another first sandy soil sample is placed in the first middle cylinder, and another second sandy soil sample is placed in the second middle cylinder; a geotextile is placed between the second middle tube and the first middle tube;
finally, the other water supply module and the other weighing module are respectively communicated with the other permeation module; the other information acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with the other first pore water pressure sensor, the other second pore water pressure sensor, the other third pore water pressure sensor, the other fourth pore water pressure sensor and the other weighing module;
(6) performing an exhaust step: opening an upper water inlet communicated with a water supply module at an upper barrel, an upper air outlet on the upper barrel, a lower water outlet communicated with a weighing module at a lower barrel and a lower air outlet on the lower barrel in the first test device; simultaneously opening an upper water inlet communicated with the water supply module at the upper barrel, an upper air outlet on the upper barrel, a lower water outlet communicated with the weighing module at the lower barrel and a lower air outlet on the lower barrel in the second test device;
the two water supply modules respectively supply water to the permeation modules in the first test device and the second test device;
when no bubble exists in the permeation module in the first test device, closing an upper air exhaust port, a lower air exhaust port and a lower water outlet in the first test device; when no bubble exists in the permeation module in the second test device, closing the upper exhaust port, the lower exhaust port and the lower water outlet in the second test device;
(7) carrying out a soaking procedure: the two water supply modules continuously supply water to the permeation modules in the first test device and the second test device so as to soak the two permeation modules; meanwhile, a first pore water pressure sensor, a second pore water pressure sensor, a third pore water pressure sensor and a fourth pore water pressure sensor in the first test device and the second test device transmit water pressure values to corresponding information acquisition modules;
when the water pressure value acquired by the information acquisition module in the first test device is stable, the soaking process of the first test device is completed;
when the water pressure value acquired by the information acquisition module in the second test device is stable, the soaking process of the second test device is completed;
(8) carrying out a seepage process: opening a water outlet in the first test device for seepage, and acquiring a water pressure value and seepage data of a weighing module in the first test device in real time by an information acquisition module in the first test device in a seepage process;
and opening a water outlet in the second test device for seepage, and collecting the water pressure value and the seepage data of a weighing module in the second test device in real time by an information collection module in the second test device in the seepage process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) firstly, a test device consisting of a visual permeation module, a water supply module, a weighing module, an information acquisition module and a plurality of sensors is designed, then two sets of the same test device are prepared, and geotextile is arranged between a first middle tube and a second middle tube of one test device. In the two groups of test devices, an information acquisition module in a second test device acquires a water pressure value before and after the geotextile and seepage water quantity seeping into a weighing module in real time, and finally, the information acquisition module acquires a second seepage characteristic curve containing two variables of the water pressure value and the seepage water quantity; the method comprises the following steps that an information acquisition module in a first test device acquires a water pressure value and seepage water quantity seeping into a weighing module at the same position in real time as that in a second test device, and finally the information acquisition module acquires a first seepage characteristic curve comprising two variables of the water pressure value and the seepage water quantity; and the method can be used for evaluating the permeability characteristic of the geotextile-sandy soil coupling whole body based on the first permeability characteristic curve and the second permeability characteristic curve.
(2) In the test method, before the seepage process, the exhaust process and the soaking process are carried out, so that the influence of the outside on the water pressure value and the seepage flow is eliminated, and the test precision is high.
(3) In the test method, the water pressure value and the seepage water flow can be obtained only by opening the water supply module and controlling the on-off of the upper air exhaust port, the upper water inlet, the lower air exhaust port and the lower water exhaust port in the process, so that the operation is convenient.
(4) In the test method, the types of the sand samples and the types of the geotextiles placed in the first middle cylinder and the second middle cylinder can be changed, and the test range is wide.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a frame diagram of a testing apparatus for testing the permeability characteristics of a geotextile coupled with sand according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of the first middle tube, the second middle tube, the geotextile, and the fastening bolt of fig. 1 as a whole;
fig. 3 is a further directional sectional view of the first middle tube, the second middle tube, the geotextile, and the fastening bolt of fig. 1 as a whole;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first middle tube, the second middle tube, the geotextile, and the fastening bolt of fig. 1 as a whole.
Wherein, 1-upper vent, 2-upper water inlet, 3-upper barrel, 4-first middle barrel, 5-second middle barrel, 6-lower barrel, 7-lower water outlet, 8-lower vent, 9-water inlet space, 10-sample to be measured, 11-water outlet space, 12-backing plate with holes, 13-fastening bolt, 14-flange plate, 15-foaming water stop sealing ring, 16-geotextile, 17-first gauze, 18-first pore water pressure sensor, 19-second pore water pressure sensor, 20-third pore water pressure sensor, 21-fourth pore water pressure sensor, 22-weighing pressure sensor, 23-acquisition card, 24-control display module, 25-valve, 26-water pump, 27-a precision speed regulator, 28-a one-way check valve, 29-a buffer tank, 30-a precision pressure gauge and 31-a water containing tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art may modify the invention herein described while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention. Accordingly, the following description should be construed as broadly as possible to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a test device for testing coupling permeability of geotextile and sand comprises: the device comprises a penetration module for simulating a penetration process, a water supply module for providing constant-pressure water flow, a weighing module for measuring the water seepage amount, a sensor module comprising a plurality of pore water pressure sensors, and an information acquisition module for acquiring data of the sensor module and data of the weighing module.
The infiltration module comprises an upper cylinder 3, a first middle cylinder 4, a second middle cylinder 5 and a lower cylinder 6 which are detachably connected from top to bottom in sequence; the upper barrel 3, the first middle barrel 4, the second middle barrel 5 and the lower barrel 6 are communicated in sequence and are all made of transparent materials; a geotextile 16 is detachably installed between the first middle tube 4 and the second middle tube 5. That is, the geotextile 16 may be disposed between the first middle tube 4 and the second middle tube 5 or may be removed, as necessary. Namely, the test device can directly test the permeability of the sandy soil without the influence of the geotextile (namely, the geotextile is not arranged between the first middle tube 4 and the second middle tube 5), and can also test the permeability of the geotextile-sandy soil by arranging the geotextile between the first middle tube 4 and the second middle tube 5.
Specifically, the upper barrel 3 is communicated with a water supply module for providing constant-pressure water flow; one end of the first middle barrel 4 close to the upper barrel 3 is provided with a first pore water pressure sensor 18; the lower end surface of the upper barrel 3 is a flange 14, and a foaming water-stop sealing ring 15 is fixed on the lower end surface of the upper barrel 3.
The first middle cylinder 4 is used for placing a first sandy soil sample, namely a sample 10 to be detected; one end of the first middle cylinder 4 close to the second middle cylinder 5 is provided with a second pore water pressure sensor 19; the lower end surface and the lower end surface of the first middle cylinder 4 are both provided with a flange plate 14; a foaming water-stop sealing ring 15 is fixed on the lower end face of the upper end face of the first middle cylinder 4. Preferably, the bottom surface of the first middle tube 4 is a perforated base plate 12 fixed to the inner ring of the flange 14.
The second middle cylinder 5 is used for placing a second sandy soil sample, and one end, close to the first middle cylinder 4, of the second middle cylinder 5 is provided with a third pore water pressure sensor 20; the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the second middle cylinder 5 are both provided with a flange 14; and a foaming water-stopping sealing ring 15 is fixed on the lower end surface of the upper end surface of the second middle cylinder 5. Namely, when the geotextile 16 is arranged between the first middle tube 4 and the second middle tube 5, the second pore water pressure sensor 19 and the third pore water pressure sensor 20 are used for monitoring the water pressure distribution conditions of the two surfaces of the geotextile in real time; in order to realize the real-time monitoring of the water pressure distribution inside the osmosis module, the monitoring is carried out by the first pore water pressure sensor 18, the second pore water pressure sensor 19, the third pore water pressure sensor 20 and the fourth pore water pressure sensor 21, and the related data transmission processing can be directly carried out by the acquisition card 23 and the control display module 24.
The water outlet space 11 of the lower cylinder 6 is communicated with a weighing module for measuring the water seepage amount; one end of the second middle cylinder 5 close to the lower cylinder 6 is provided with a fourth pore water pressure sensor 21. The upper end surface of the lower barrel 6 is provided with a flange 14; and a foaming water-stopping sealing ring 15 is respectively fixed on the upper end surface of the lower cylinder 6. Preferably, the top surface of the lower tube 6 is a perforated pad 12 fixed to the inner periphery of the flange 14.
In this embodiment, the upper tube 3, the first middle tube 4, the second middle tube 5 and the lower tube 6 each comprise a tube body and a flange 14 fixed on the tube body.
In the present embodiment, the upper end surface of the first middle cylinder 4 and the lower end surface of the upper cylinder 3, the lower end surface of the first middle cylinder 4 and the upper end surface of the second middle cylinder 5, and the lower end surface of the second middle cylinder 5 and the upper end surface of the lower cylinder 6 are connected by fastening bolts 13. I.e. when installing the geotextile 16: a foaming water stop sealing ring 15 is pasted on a flange plate 14 connected with the first middle cylinder 4 and the first middle cylinder 4, cut geotextile can be bonded between the adjacent flange plates 14, and the geotextile can be bonded and fixed through bolts.
In the present embodiment, the lower tube 6 and the second middle tube 5 are provided with a second gauze; the second gauze is positioned between the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 at the lower cylinder 6 and the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 at the second middle cylinder 5; a first gauze 17 is arranged between the upper cylinder 3 and the first middle cylinder 4; the first gauze 17 is arranged between the foaming water-stop sealing ring 15 at the upper cylinder 3 and the foaming water-stop sealing ring 15 at the first middle cylinder 4.
In this embodiment, the water supply module includes a buffer tank 29, a water pump 26 and a water source, which are connected to the upper barrel 3 in sequence; a precision pressure gauge 30 is arranged on a water pipeline between the buffer tank 29 and the upper barrel 3; a one-way check valve 28 is arranged on the water pipelines of the buffer tank 29 and the water pump 26; a valve 25 is arranged on a pipeline between the water pump 26 and a water source; water pump 26 is electrically connected to a precision governor 27. Wherein, accurate manometer 30 can cooperate with first pore water pressure sensor 18 jointly, is assisted with accurate speed regulator 27 and adjusts water pump 26 power for realize the accurate control to rivers in the infiltration module. The precise pressure gauge 30 is used for assisting observation to further precisely regulate and control the water flow flowing into the water inlet space 9 in the upper cylinder 3; in order to eliminate the water flow fluctuation pulse, a buffer box 29 is arranged; in order to realize the waterhead loss of the balanced water flow before contacting the second sandy soil sample, the water supply module can be matched with the first pore water pressure sensor 18 to jointly adjust the water pressure so as to ensure the accurate and stable waterhead.
The weighing module comprises a water containing tank 31 communicated with the lower barrel 6; a load pressure sensor 22 is provided on the tank.
The information acquisition module comprises a control display module 24 and an acquisition card 23 electrically connected with the control display module 24, and is used for analyzing the variation condition of the water pressure distribution of the second pore water pressure sensor 19 and the third pore water pressure sensor 20 when the geotextile exists, and finally comparing the data variation conditions such as the seepage flow velocity, the gradient ratio and the like of sand and soil when the geotextile does or does not exist according to the first pore water pressure sensor 18 and the fourth pore water pressure sensor 21 so as to find out the influence of the geotextile on the seepage water pressure difference of the sand and soil in permeation.
The test method based on the test device for testing the coupling permeability of the geotextile and the sandy soil comprises the following steps (1) to (8):
before the test, each module can be ensured to be normally used and is complete.
(1) A sample, geotextile, first screen 17, and second screen were made.
First, the required amount of the first sand sample is calculated from the capacity of the first intermediate cylinder 4, and the required amount of the second sand sample is calculated from the capacity of the first intermediate cylinder 4, and then, two identical first sand samples and two identical second sand samples are prepared. In this example, the first and second middle cylinders 4 and 5 were filled with sand samples having a diameter of 16cm and a height of 40 cm.
Cutting a geotextile 16, wherein the area of the geotextile 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the first middle tube 4 and larger than the inner diameter of the second middle tube 5; holes for the fastening bolts 13 to pass through are formed in the geotextile 16;
cutting two identical first gauze screens 17 and two identical second gauze screens, wherein the area of the geotextile 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the first middle tube 4 and larger than the inner diameter of the second middle tube 5; holes for the fastening bolts 13 to pass through are formed in the first gauze 17 and the second gauze;
(2) and (5) calibrating the water supply module. Before the test begins, the water supply module needs to be calibrated, the power required by the water pump 26 under a certain water pressure value is tested, and when the test begins, the water pump 26 can be adjusted through the precision speed regulator 27 to supply water for the osmosis module quickly and accurately.
(3) Test pieces for comparative tests were prepared in 2 sets.
Specifically, a pair of identical permeation modules, a pair of identical water supply modules, a pair of identical weighing modules, a pair of identical information acquisition modules, a pair of identical first pore water pressure sensors 18, a pair of identical second pore water pressure sensors 19, a pair of identical third pore water pressure sensors 20 and a pair of identical fourth pore water pressure sensors 21 are selected; and taking a proper amount of vaseline to uniformly coat the whole wall of the vaseline on the inner walls of the first middle cylinder 4 and the second middle cylinder 5.
(4) A first test device was constructed.
When the woven fabric 16 is not provided with soil, the upper cylinder 3, the first middle cylinder 4, the second middle cylinder 5 and the lower cylinder 6 in a penetration module are sequentially connected; wherein, place a first sand sample in the first well, place a second sand sample in the section of thick bamboo 5 in the second.
Specifically, the lower cylinder 6 is vertically placed, namely the lower water outlet 7 and the lower exhaust port 8 are vertically placed downwards; a foaming water stop sealing ring 15 is stuck on a flange 14 of a lower cylinder 6, a second gauze is placed on the foaming water stop sealing ring 15, a second middle cylinder 5 stuck with the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 is placed on the foaming water stop sealing ring, the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 is tightly fixed by a fastening bolt 13, then the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 is stuck on the flange 14 at the upper end of the second middle cylinder 5, and a first middle cylinder 4 stuck with the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 is placed above the foaming water stop sealing ring and tightly fixed by the fastening bolt 13. And placing the first sandy soil sample in the first middle cylinder 4, placing the second sandy soil sample in the second middle cylinder 5, and compacting. A foaming water stop ring is adhered to the upper end flange 14 of the first middle cylinder 4, a first gauze 17 is arranged on the foaming water stop ring, the upper cylinder 3 is arranged on the foaming water stop ring, and finally the foaming water stop ring is fastened by a fastening bolt 13.
Finally, a water supply module and a weighing module are respectively communicated with a permeation module; an information acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with a first pore water pressure sensor 18, a second pore water pressure sensor 19, a third pore water pressure sensor 20, a fourth pore water pressure sensor 21 and a weighing module;
(5) and a second test device for the component.
When the geotextile 16 exists, the upper tube 3, the first middle tube 4, the second middle tube 5 and the lower tube 6 in the other infiltration module are sequentially connected; wherein, another first sandy soil sample is placed in the first middle cylinder 4, and another second sandy soil sample is placed in the second middle cylinder 5; a geotextile is placed between the second middle tube 5 and the first middle tube 4.
Specifically, the lower cylinder 6 is vertically placed, namely the lower exhaust port 8 of the lower water outlet 7 is vertically placed downwards; sticking a foaming water stop sealing ring 15 on a flange plate 14 of the lower cylinder 6, placing a second gauze, simultaneously placing a second middle cylinder 5 stuck with the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 on the flange plate, fastening the second middle cylinder with a fastening bolt 13, then taking a second sandy soil sample, placing the second sandy soil sample in the second middle cylinder 5, and tightly pressing the second sandy soil sample; then sticking a foaming water stop sealing ring 15, placing geotextile, and placing the first middle cylinder 4 stuck with the foaming water stop sealing ring 15 above the geotextile, and fastening by a fastening bolt 13; placing the first sandy soil sample in a first middle cylinder 4, and compacting; a foaming water stop sealing ring 15 and a gauze are stuck on an upper flange 14 of the first middle cylinder 4, the upper cylinder 3 is arranged on the foaming water stop sealing ring, and finally the foaming water stop sealing ring is fastened by a fastening bolt 13.
Finally, the other water supply module and the other weighing module are respectively communicated with the other permeation module; the other information acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with the other first pore water pressure sensor 18, the other second pore water pressure sensor 19, the other third pore water pressure sensor 20, the other fourth pore water pressure sensor 21 and the other weighing module;
(6) the exhaust step is performed.
Opening an upper water inlet 2 of an upper barrel 3 of the first test device, which is communicated with a water supply module, an upper air outlet 1 of the upper barrel 3, a lower water outlet 7 of a lower barrel 6, which is communicated with a weighing module, and a lower air outlet 8 of the lower barrel 6; simultaneously, opening an upper water inlet 2 communicated with a water supply module at an upper barrel 3, an upper air outlet 1 on the upper barrel 3, a lower water outlet 7 communicated with a weighing module at a lower barrel 6 and a lower air outlet 8 at the lower barrel 6 in a second test device; the power is then turned on to operate the water pump 26.
The two water supply modules respectively provide water with a certain pressure value to the permeation modules in the first test device and the second test device; namely, the precision speed regulator 27 and the precision pressure gauge 30 are regulated to provide water with a certain pressure value for the permeation module;
when no bubble exists in the permeation module in the first test device, closing an upper exhaust port 1, a lower exhaust port 8 and a lower water outlet 7 in the first test device; and when no bubble exists in the permeation module in the second test device, closing the upper exhaust port 1, the lower exhaust port 8 and the lower water outlet 7 in the second test device.
(7) And (5) carrying out a soaking process.
The two water supply modules continuously supply water to the permeation modules in the first test device and the second test device so as to soak the two permeation modules; meanwhile, the first pore water pressure sensor 18, the second pore water pressure sensor 19, the third pore water pressure sensor 20 and the fourth pore water pressure sensor 21 in the first test device and the second test device transmit the water pressure value to the corresponding information acquisition modules.
Observing the change condition of the data collected in the control display module 24, and finishing the soaking process of the first test device when the water pressure value collected by the information collection module in the first test device is stable;
and when the water pressure value acquired by the information acquisition module in the second test device is stable, the soaking process of the second test device is completed.
(8) And carrying out a seepage process.
Opening a water outlet in the first test device for seepage, and acquiring a water pressure value and seepage data of a weighing module in the first test device in real time by an information acquisition module in the first test device in a seepage process;
and opening a water outlet in the second test device for seepage, and collecting the water pressure value and the seepage data of a weighing module in the second test device in real time by an information collection module in the second test device in the seepage process.
Specifically, the information acquisition module collects the water pressure values and the seepage data of the sensors in real time, performs related conversion and calculation according to Darcy's law, and finally compares the values to obtain the condition of the coupling permeability of the geotextile and the sandy soil.
Firstly, monitoring the water pressure distribution condition inside the osmotic device in real time through four pore water pressure measuring tubes a (18), b (19), c (20) and d (21), and simultaneously, directly carrying out related data processing through a computer (24) according to a water pressure difference value in a period of time difference;
secondly, when fabric exists, the influence of the geotextile on the difference of the seepage water pressure of the object to be measured (10) in seepage is determined by observing the data change of the pore water pressure sensor b (20) and the water pressure sensor c (21) under the same condition without the fabric and calculating the change of the seepage water pressure of the samples among the pore water pressure sensors a (18) and b (19) and the pore water pressure sensors c (20) and d (21);
and thirdly, the computer (24) integrates the difference value in the time period of the weighing sensor (31), and acquires and calculates related numerical values in cooperation with water pressure change data.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A test device for testing the coupling permeability of geotextile and sand, which is characterized by comprising: the infiltration module is used for simulating an infiltration process and comprises an upper tube, a first middle tube, a second middle tube and a lower tube which are detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom; the upper cylinder, the first middle cylinder, the second middle cylinder and the lower cylinder are communicated in sequence and are all made of transparent materials; a geotextile is detachably arranged between the first middle tube and the second middle tube;
wherein the upper cylinder is communicated with a water supply module for providing constant-pressure water flow;
the first middle cylinder is used for placing a first sandy soil sample, and one end of the first middle cylinder, which is close to the upper cylinder, is provided with a first pore water pressure sensor; one end of the first middle cylinder, which is close to the second middle cylinder, is provided with a second pore water pressure sensor;
the second middle cylinder is used for placing a second sandy soil sample, and one end, close to the first middle cylinder, of the second middle cylinder is provided with a third pore water pressure sensor; one end of the second middle cylinder, which is close to the lower cylinder, is provided with a fourth pore water pressure sensor;
the lower cylinder is communicated with a weighing module for measuring the water seepage amount.
2. The test device for testing the coupling permeability of the geotextile and the sandy soil according to claim 1, wherein the lower end surface of the upper tube, the upper end surface of the first middle tube, the lower end surface of the first middle tube, the upper end surface of the second middle tube, the lower end surface of the second middle tube and the upper end surface of the lower tube are all flanges.
3. The test device for testing the coupling permeability of the geotextile and the sandy soil according to claim 2, wherein the upper end surface of the first middle tube and the lower end surface of the upper tube, the lower end surface of the first middle tube and the upper end surface of the second middle tube, and the lower end surface of the second middle tube and the upper end surface of the lower tube are connected by bolts.
4. The test device for testing the coupling permeability of the geotextile and the sandy soil according to claim 2, wherein a foaming water stop sealing ring is respectively fixed on the lower end surface of the upper tube, the upper end surface of the first middle tube, the lower end surface of the first middle tube, the upper end surface of the second middle tube, the lower end surface of the second middle tube and the upper end surface of the lower tube.
5. The test apparatus for testing the permeability characteristics of geotextile coupled with sand of claim 4, wherein said lower tube and said second middle tube are provided with a second gauze; the second gauze is positioned between the foaming water stop sealing ring at the lower cylinder and the foaming water stop sealing ring at the second middle cylinder; a first gauze is arranged between the upper cylinder and the first middle cylinder; the foaming water stop sealing ring at the upper cylinder of the first gauze and the foaming water stop sealing ring at the middle cylinder of the first gauze are arranged between the upper cylinder of the first gauze and the middle cylinder of the first gauze.
6. The test apparatus for testing the permeability characteristics of a geotextile coupled with sand of claim 1, wherein the water supply module comprises a buffer tank, a water pump and a water source which are sequentially connected with the upper barrel.
7. The test device for testing the coupling permeability of the geotextile and the sandy soil according to claim 6, wherein a precision pressure gauge is arranged on a water pipeline between the buffer tank and the upper barrel; one-way check valves are arranged on the water pipelines of the buffer tank and the water pump; a valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water pump and the water source; the water pump is electrically connected with a precision speed regulator.
8. The test apparatus for testing the permeability characteristics of a geotextile coupled to sand of claim 1, wherein said weighing module comprises a water holding tank in communication with said lower tube; the water tank is provided with
A weighing pressure sensor.
9. A test method for testing the coupling permeability of geotextile and sandy soil is based on the test device for testing the coupling permeability of geotextile and sandy soil of any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a sample and a geotextile: firstly, calculating the sample quantity of a required first sandy soil sample according to the capacity of a first middle cylinder, calculating the sample quantity of a required second sandy soil sample according to the capacity of the first middle cylinder, and then preparing two identical first sandy soil samples and two identical second sandy soil samples;
cutting the geotextile, wherein the area of the geotextile is larger than the inner diameter of the first middle cylinder and larger than the inner diameter of the second middle cylinder; holes for fastening bolts to pass through are formed in the geotextile;
(2) calibrating the water supply module;
(3) selecting a pair of identical permeation modules, a pair of identical water supply modules, a pair of identical weighing modules, a pair of identical information acquisition modules, a pair of identical first pore water pressure sensors, a pair of identical second pore water pressure sensors, a pair of identical third pore water pressure sensors and a pair of identical fourth pore water pressure sensors;
(4) constructing a first test device: the upper barrel, the first middle barrel, the second middle barrel and the lower barrel in a penetration module are connected in sequence; wherein, a first sand sample is placed in the first middle cylinder, and a second sand sample is placed in the second middle cylinder;
finally, a water supply module and a weighing module are respectively communicated with a permeation module; an information acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with a first pore water pressure sensor, a second pore water pressure sensor, a third pore water pressure sensor, a fourth pore water pressure sensor and a weighing module;
(5) component second test apparatus: the upper barrel, the first middle barrel, the second middle barrel and the lower barrel in the other infiltration module are connected in sequence; wherein, another first sandy soil sample is placed in the first middle cylinder, and another second sandy soil sample is placed in the second middle cylinder; a geotextile is placed between the second middle tube and the first middle tube;
finally, the other water supply module and the other weighing module are respectively communicated with the other permeation module; the other information acquisition module is respectively and electrically connected with the other first pore water pressure sensor, the other second pore water pressure sensor, the other third pore water pressure sensor, the other fourth pore water pressure sensor and the other weighing module;
(6) performing an exhaust step: opening an upper water inlet communicated with a water supply module at an upper barrel, an upper air outlet on the upper barrel, a lower water outlet communicated with a weighing module at a lower barrel and a lower air outlet on the lower barrel in the first test device; simultaneously opening an upper water inlet communicated with the water supply module at the upper barrel, an upper air outlet on the upper barrel, a lower water outlet communicated with the weighing module at the lower barrel and a lower air outlet on the lower barrel in the second test device;
the two water supply modules respectively supply water to the permeation modules in the first test device and the second test device;
when no bubble exists in the permeation module in the first test device, closing an upper air exhaust port, a lower air exhaust port and a lower water outlet in the first test device; when no bubble exists in the permeation module in the second test device, closing the upper exhaust port, the lower exhaust port and the lower water outlet in the second test device;
(7) carrying out a soaking procedure: the two water supply modules continuously supply water to the permeation modules in the first test device and the second test device so as to soak the two permeation modules; meanwhile, a first pore water pressure sensor, a second pore water pressure sensor, a third pore water pressure sensor and a fourth pore water pressure sensor in the first test device and the second test device transmit water pressure values to corresponding information acquisition modules;
when the water pressure value acquired by the information acquisition module in the first test device is stable, the soaking process of the first test device is completed;
when the water pressure value acquired by the information acquisition module in the second test device is stable, the soaking process of the second test device is completed;
(8) carrying out a seepage process: opening a water outlet in the first test device for seepage, and acquiring a water pressure value and seepage data of a weighing module in the first test device in real time by an information acquisition module in the first test device in a seepage process;
and opening a water outlet in the second test device for seepage, and collecting the water pressure value and the seepage data of a weighing module in the second test device in real time by an information collection module in the second test device in the seepage process.
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