CN105850639B

CN105850639B - The method of Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation

Info

Publication number: CN105850639B
Application number: CN201610251611.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡廷章; 卫东; 唐兴模; 王启龙; 蔺松
Original assignee: Chongqing University
Current assignee: Chongqing University
Priority date: 2016-04-21
Filing date: 2016-04-21
Publication date: 2019-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2036-04-21
Also published as: CN105850639A

Abstract

The invention discloses the methods of Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation, including seed collection, seedbed production, vernalization and seedling management；This method is simple, it can breed under field conditions (factors), and break the season limit of spring breeding, the seed current year for realizing current year acquisition breeds, and method seed of the invention was sprouted at 5 weeks or so, seedling is grown within 6 weeks, 7 weeks emergence rates reach 80% or more, and last emergence rate reaches 95% or more, shorten sprouting and seedling-growing time, emergence rate is high, eliminates tedious steps and the time of seed storage, and wood polo breeding in Nanchuan is of great significance.

Description

The method of Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to the method for Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation.

Background technique

Nanchuan wood polo (Artocarpus nanchuanensis S.S.Chang) belongs to rare and endangered tree species, is Chong Qingte There are species.Nanchuan wood polo is aiphyllium, and trunk is logical straight tall and big, and tree-like beauty, resistance is strong, and period is longer.It has been included in One of the keynote tree species of Chongqing City's " main city zone Landscape Tree Species Planning ".Its fruit is rich in the necessary a variety of sugar of human body, protein, ammonia Base acid and esters, and containing microelement and multivitamin necessary to the human bodies such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, it is with higher Nutrition and health-care medical value.Therefore, benefit can be subject to from economic timber use, health-care medical, beverage/food exploitation etc. With.

Since breeding potential is extremely low under Nanchuan Jackfruit seeds raw natural environmental condition out of office, transplanting is not easy to survive, seedling It at least needs 10 years or more just yield positive results after plantation.Existing artificial propagation is single seminal propagation, but seminal propagation is all Limited by season in spring, and seed is picked in the fall, it is therefore desirable to seed is stored, and store it is improper by shadow The breeding potential of seed is rung, it is higher so as to cause Nanchuan wood polo sapling price.Currently, 1~2cm of diameter, 3~4cm, 5~7cm and The sapling market price of 8~10cm is respectively 30~40 yuan, 90~100 yuan, 200~300 yuan and 600~800 yuan.These factors are tight Development of the limitation Nanchuan wood polo as Landscape Tree Species and economic forest again, is also unfavorable for the protection and utilization of the species.In order to protect Nanchuan wood polo is protected and utilized, needs to solve the key technology of breeding.

So far, it yet there are no the relevant report of Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, method is simple the purpose of the present invention is to provide the method for Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation, it is real The seed current year for having showed current year acquisition breeds.

To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

The method of Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation, including seed collection, seedbed production, vernalization and seedling management；

(1) seed collection: harvesting ripe Nanchuan wood polo fruit separates seed, screens full seed；

(2) seedbed makes: selection is leeward on the sunny side, did not bred the farmland of nursery stock well, in recent years close to water source, draining；So After build height as 2 meters, degree of shading is that 70% shade is fluffy, and manufacturing specification is wide 100cm, deep 10~15cm, bed bottom are smooth, periphery Vertically, the seedling bed that spacing is 50cm between the bed of two sides, is then equably spread on the medicine soil of the wettable powder containing pentachloronitrobenzene Bed surface；

(3) vernalization: take clean river sand, waste and old saw foam and loose fine earth is that Nutrition Soil is made in 1:1:2 stirring by volume, so Bag height is contained afterwards and diameter is to be emitted in seedbed in the plastic cup of 8~10cm；It will be pre- using program request sowing in mid or late September For the sowing of processing seed with the plastic cup for filling Nutrition Soil, every glass puts 2~3 pretreatment seeds, is after planting covered with thin sand and soil, Thickness of earth covering is 1.0cm, and then the fluffy interior temperature of control shade is 18~30 DEG C, and humidity of periodically spraying water is maintained at 70% or more vernalization 4~6 weeks；The pretreatment seed is that the seed that will collect is molten with formalin solution 15~30min of immersion or with potassium permanganate Liquid impregnates 1~2h, and the water after immersion at 40~50 DEG C rinses 3 times, then 1~2d is impregnated in 40~50 DEG C of water；

(4) seedling management: the fluffy interior temperature of control shade is 18~30 DEG C, and humidity of periodically spraying water is maintained at 70% up to kind Son emergence, if building the fluffy heat preservation of arch that height is 60~80cm, spring with mulch when winter environment temperature is lower than 10 DEG C after emergence It is fluffy fluffy with shade to remove arch when temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, allows it to grow naturally, obtains Nanchuan wood polo seedling.

Preferably, the step (1) is to select robust growth in 8~September, and the excellent trees of no disease and pests harm are female as collecting seed Tree, picks orange-yellow cone, then separates seed from pulp, is cleaned with clear water, dries the surface of the seed moisture, screens Full seed.

Preferably, in the step (2), pentachloronitrobenzene wettable powder and mistake of the medicine soil by mass fraction for 40% Sieve dry fine earth is that 9:4~5 mix in mass ratio.

Preferably, the mass fraction of the formalin solution is 0.5%；The mass fraction of the liquor potassic permanganate is 0.5%.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the invention discloses the methods of Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation, break Traditionally wood polo in Nanchuan, which has to pass through dormant period, to breed, and the season limit that can only be bred in spring realize current year The seed current year of acquisition breeds, and the seed picked does not need preservation, eliminates the tedious steps of seed storage, solves simultaneously The problem of reducing seminal propagation rate because of preservation, and method seed of the invention is in sprouting in 5 weeks or so, grow within 6 weeks seedling, 7 All emergence rates reach 80% or more, and last emergence rate reaches 95% or more, shorten sprouting and seedling-growing time, and emergence rate is high.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer, the present invention provides following attached drawing:

Fig. 1 is Nanchuan Jackfruit seeds.

Fig. 2 is Nanchuan wood polo germination seed in the fall.

The Nanchuan Fig. 3 Jackfruit seeds seedling that autumn sprouts in nutrition cup.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.It is not specified in embodiment specific The experimental method of condition, usually according to conventional conditions or according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Embodiment 1

The method of Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation, including seed collection, seedbed production, vernalization and seedling management step It is rapid:

(1) seed collection: strong in the selection growth of 8~September since Nanchuan Jackfruit seeds are about in 8~September maturation Strong, the excellent trees of no disease and pests harm select cone to be harvested to be orange-yellow, then by seed from pulp as seed collecting elite stand It separates, cleans the impurity such as the remaining pulp of the surface of the seed with clear water, dry the moisture of the surface of the seed in the cool, reject not Full or hypogenetic seed, the seed of collection are as shown in Figure 1；

(2) seedbed makes: selection is leeward on the sunny side, did not bred the farmland of nursery stock well, in recent years close to water source, draining, makees First grade, removes weeds, chad etc. before furrow；In order to avoid sunlight direct irradiation, high temperature and humidity appropriate is kept, is needed Fluffy shade is taken, 2 meters of fluffy height is encircleed, is covered with 70% shading screen；Seedling bed specification is wide 100cm, deeply 10~15cm, bed bottom is flat Vertically, between the bed of two sides stay the pavement of 50cm in whole, periphery；It, can by the pentachloronitrobenzene that mass fraction is 40% after seedbed is carried out Wet powder and the dry fine earth that is sieved are that medicine soil is made in the mixing of 9:4~5 in mass ratio, can by every square metre of application 9kg pentachloronitrobenzene Medicine soil is equably spread on bed surface by wet powder；

(3) vernalization: selection friable soil smashes sieving, removes the sundries such as grass roots, bark, chad, is added 1/4 in nutrition cup Nutrition Soil is made in the clean river sand of volume, the waste and old saw foam of 1/4 volume and the stirring of 1/2 volume soil；Select bag height and diameter be 8~ The plastic cup of 10cm is loaded onto the Nutrition Soil prepared, is emitted in seedling bed；Simultaneously by 0.5% formalin of the seed of picking Solution impregnates 15~30min or with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, 1~2h of immersion, in 40~50 DEG C of warm water washing 3 after pulling out It is secondary, in water impregnate 1~2d, allow seed sufficiently to absorb water, and mid or late September using program request sowing, each nutrition cup put seed 2~ It 3, is after planting covered with thin sand and soil, thickness of earth covering 1.0cm or so, then the fluffy interior temperature of the wet control shade of holding Nutrition Soil is 18~30 DEG C, the humidity that should periodically spray water is maintained at 70% or more, sprouting (Fig. 2) in 5 weeks or so；

(4) seedling management: nutrition cup seedling management measure is identical as conventional seedbed system, but in thinning general every glass stay 2 plants. It should reinforce seedling management after emergence, carry out watering and keep nursery soil wet and without weeds, to guarantee seedling not frost bitten, to the winter Season must take fluffy heat preservation with agricultural mulching, encircle fluffy 60~80cm of height；When the spring lowest temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, remove agricultural Mulch and shading screen allow it sufficiently to receive sunlight, fast-growth (Fig. 3).

According to the method for the present embodiment, seed was sprouted at 5 weeks or so, grew within 6 weeks seedling, 7 weeks emergence rates reach 80% with On, last emergence rate reaches 95% or more；Sprouting and seedling-growing time are shortened compared with spring breeding was sprouted at 2 months or so, And emergence rate is high.

Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, although logical It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims

1. the method for Nanchuan wood polo autumn seminal propagation, it is characterised in that: including seed collection, seedbed production, vernalization and seedling Period management；

(1) seed collection: selecting robust growth in 8~September, and the excellent trees of no disease and pests harm are picked orange as seed collecting elite stand Then chromosphere fruit separates seed from pulp, cleaned with clear water, dries the surface of the seed moisture, screens full seed；

(2) seedbed makes: selection is leeward on the sunny side, did not bred the farmland of nursery stock well, in recent years close to water source, draining；Then it takes Building height is 2 meters, and degree of shading is 70% shading shed, and manufacturing specification is wide 100 cm, deeply 10~15 cm, and bed bottom is smooth, periphery is hung down Directly, the seedling bed that spacing is 50 cm between the bed of two sides, is then equably spread on bed with the medicine soil of the wettable powder containing pentachloronitrobenzene Face；The pentachloronitrobenzene wettable powder that the medicine soil is 40% by mass fraction and the dry fine earth that is sieved are that 9:4 ~ 5 is mixed in mass ratio It forms；

(3) vernalization: take clean river sand, waste and old sawdust and loose fine earth is that Nutrition Soil is made in 1:1:2 stirring by volume, then It contains bag height and diameter is to be emitted in seedbed in the plastic cup of 8 ~ 10 cm；It will be located in advance in mid or late September using program request sowing Reason seed is seeded in the plastic cup for filling Nutrition Soil, and every glass puts 2 ~ 3 pretreatment seeds, is after planting covered with thin sand and soil, Thickness of earth covering is 1.0 cm, and then control shade temperature of shed is 18 ~ 30 DEG C, and humidity of periodically spraying water is maintained at 70% or more vernalization 4 ~ 6 weeks；The pretreatment seed is that the seed formalin solution that current year collects is impregnated 15 ~ 30 min or uses permanganic acid Potassium solution impregnates 1 ~ 2 h, and the water after immersion at 40~50 DEG C rinses 3 times, then 1 ~ 2 d is impregnated in 40 ~ 50 DEG C of water；The good fortune The mass fraction of your Malin's solution is 0.5%；The mass fraction of the liquor potassic permanganate is 0.5%；

(4) seedling management: control shade temperature of shed is 18 ~ 30 DEG C, and humidity of periodically spraying water is maintained at 70 % up to seed Emergence is kept the temperature, spring if building the arched shed that height is 60 ~ 80 cm with mulch when winter environment temperature is lower than 10 DEG C after emergence Remove arched shed and shading shed when temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, it is allowed to grow naturally, obtains Nanchuan wood polo seedling.