CN105839272B - 一种多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料 - Google Patents

一种多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料 Download PDF

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CN105839272B
CN105839272B CN201610409508.6A CN201610409508A CN105839272B CN 105839272 B CN105839272 B CN 105839272B CN 201610409508 A CN201610409508 A CN 201610409508A CN 105839272 B CN105839272 B CN 105839272B
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王铀锝
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Zhejiang Linen Textile Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料，面料由大麻纤维、棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维混纺而成，面料的经纱由大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维按比例（1～3）：1：1混纺而成，面料的纬纱由棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维按比例（2～6）：1：1混纺而成，本发明的面料优选了竹纤维、羊毛纤维等功能纤维，改善了面料的内在性能，使得最终生产出来的面料能够兼具棉的柔软细腻、麻的滑爽、吸湿排汗、抗菌卫生等特性，增加面料的舒适性。本发明的麻纤维、棉纤维经生物酶改性处理后，还可提高纱线的染色效果。

Description

一种多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料。
背景技术
科学技术的不断发展促使纺织行业新型原料的研发和生产达到了一个空前鼎盛的时期，各种新型原料不断涌现。给面料研究工作开辟了一个崭新的领域。同时随着人们生活水平的不断提高，消费者对于服装面料的选择已经不止局限在款式和花色上，更多的考虑到面料的舒适性、环保性和功能性。
大麻纤维具有优异的吸湿排汗性能、天然的抗菌保健性能、良好的柔软舒适性能、卓越的抗紫外线性能、出色的耐高温性能，独特的吸波吸附性能和自然的粗犷风格，被誉为“麻中之王”。但是麻纤维跟棉、毛相比对皮肤有一定的刺痒感，并且纤维比较粗硬且长度和细度十分不匀，造成了大麻织物原坯布表面粗糙、手感硬挺。由于大麻纤维大分子取向度和结晶度较高，导致其刚性大，弹性小，纤维之间抱合力差，成纱较困难，染料分子难以进入纤维内部、固色率低，染色性较差等问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新的棉麻混纺功能面料，该面料为含有大麻纤维、棉纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维的复合功能面料。
实现本发明目而采用的技术方案为：一种多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料，由大麻纤维、棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维混纺而成，所述面料的经纱由大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维混纺而成，所述面料的纬纱由棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维混纺而成，所述经纱中大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维的混纺比例为（1～3）：1：1，优选2：1：1，所述纬纱中棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维的混纺比例为（2～6）：1：1，优选4：1：1。
优选的，所述经纱和纬纱由如下步骤制得：将竹纤维和羊毛纤维置于丙酮中浸泡，同时进行超声震荡处理，洗涤后脱水烘干，制得混合纤维；将混合纤维与大麻纤维按比例混匀并捻成混合纱线，即制得经纱；将混合纤维与棉纤维按比例混匀并捻成混合纱线，即制得纬纱。
进一步优选的，所述经纱和纬纱分别合股加捻1根棉麻丝，所述的棉麻丝由大麻纤维与棉纤维按质量比1：（1～3），优选1：2，进行混纺制得。
更优选的，所述的经纱和纬纱进行碱处理，处理步骤为：将经纱和纬纱分别浸入浓度为1～5 g/L的碱溶液中，在温度80～90℃下保温15～30分钟，最后用清水清洗1～2次。
优选的，所述大麻纤维进行预处理，处理步骤为：将大麻纤维置于果胶酶溶液中常温浸泡；然后将处理后的大麻纤维继续浸入到壳聚糖水溶液中浸泡，脱水、烘干。其中，所述的果胶酶溶液的浓度为10～50g/L，优选20～40g/L，更优选30g/L，浸泡时间为15～30分钟；所述的壳聚糖水溶液浓度为10～20g/L，优选15g/L，浸泡时间为1～3小时。
优选的，所述棉纤维进行预处理，处理步骤为：将棉纤维进行沸水煮15～30分钟，然后置于浓度为5～20 g/L，优选10～15 g/L，碱性木聚糖酶溶液进行浸渍0.5～2小时。
更有选的，所述的羊毛纤维经过抗菌处理，处理步骤为：将羊毛纤维置于清洗容器中，加入丙酮搅拌后晾干；将晾干后的羊毛纤维置于烧杯中，加入抗菌功能母液，避光条件下浸泡3～12小时；将抗菌处理后的羊毛纤维置于洗涤容器中，加入去离子水，搅拌洗涤10～20分钟后晾干、备用。其中，所述的抗菌功能母液按质量百分含量计，纳米银颗粒0.1～30%、水溶性硅烷偶联剂0.01～0.1%、余量为水。
本发明技术方案的优点在于：
1）本发明的面料中优选了竹纤维、羊毛纤维等功能纤维，改善了面料的内在性能，使得最终生产出来的面料能够兼具棉的柔软细腻、麻的滑爽、吸湿排汗、抗菌卫生等特性，增加面料的舒适性。本发明的麻纤维、棉纤维经生物酶改性处理后，还可提高纱线的染色效果。
2）本发明所制得的面料具有较好的抑菌性能，保护皮肤，抗菌功能母液制备工艺也简单，且具有良好的存储稳定性。
3）本发明在经纱和纬纱的制备过程中再合股一根麻棉丝，这样的作用是充分的发挥了大麻纤维的功能性，增加纱线的舒适性及着色力，有效地解决了麻棉混纺纱线的抱合力不足，面料结构稳定，松紧适度，抗起毛起球性能好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
将大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维按1：1：1的比例混纺成50S经纱待用；将棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维按2：1：1的比例混纺成60S纬纱待用。采用剑杆织机进行织造，织造速度为160r/min，开口时间为300°。
实施例2
将大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维按2：1：1的比例混纺成50S经纱待用；将棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维按4：1：1的比例混纺成60S纬纱待用。采用剑杆织机进行织造，织造速度为180r/min，开口时间为305°。
实施例3
将大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维按3：1：1的比例混纺成50S经纱待用；将棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维按6：1：1的比例混纺成60S纬纱待用。采用剑杆织机进行织造，织造速度为200r/min，开口时间为320°。
实施例1～3中所述经纱和纬纱由如下步骤制得：将竹纤维和羊毛纤维置于丙酮中浸泡，同时进行超声震荡处理，洗涤后脱水烘干，制得混合纤维；将混合纤维与大麻纤维按比例混匀并捻成混合纱线，即制得经纱；将混合纤维与棉纤维按比例混匀并捻成混合纱线，即制得纬纱。
为了充分的发挥大麻纤维的功能性，增加纱线的舒适性及着色力，在所述经纱和纬纱的制备步骤中再分别合股加捻1根棉麻丝，所述的棉麻丝由大麻纤维与棉纤维按质量比1：（1～3）进行混纺制得。
本发明所述的经纱和纬纱可以进一步进行碱处理，处理步骤为：将经纱和纬纱分别浸入浓度为1～5 g/L的碱溶液中，在温度80～90℃下保温15～30分钟，最后用清水清洗1～2次。
为了提高面料的染色效果，对大麻纤维、棉纤维经生物酶改性处理。大麻纤维的处理步骤为：将大麻纤维置于浓度为10～50g/L果胶酶溶液中常温浸泡15～30分钟；然后将处理后的大麻纤维继续浸入到浓度为10～20g/L壳聚糖水溶液中浸泡1～3小时，脱水、烘干。棉纤维的处理步骤为：将棉纤维进行沸水煮15～30分钟，然后用浓度为5～20 g/L碱性木聚糖酶溶液在65℃下进行浸渍0.5～2小时。
在上述实施例1～3中，选用的羊毛纤维优选经过抗菌处理，具体处理步骤如下：
将羊毛纤维置于清洗容器中，加入丙酮搅拌后晾干；将晾干后的羊毛纤维置于烧杯中，加入抗菌功能母液，避光条件下浸泡3～12小时；将抗菌处理后的羊毛纤维置于洗涤容器中，加入去离子水，搅拌洗涤10～20分钟后晾干、备用。
本发明的抗菌功能母液，按质量百分含量计，纳米银颗粒0.1～30%、水溶性硅烷偶联剂0.01～0.1%、余量为水。所述的水溶性硅烷偶联剂，其化学结构式为：
式中Me为-CH3，X为-OCH2CH3或-OCH3，Y为-CH=CH2，Z为-OH，分子量为0.5～1.0万。
经检测，羊毛纤维经抗菌功能母液处理后，所制得的面料的抑菌率（大肠杆菌）均为99.9%。而未经抗菌功能母液处理后，所制得的面料的抑菌率（大肠杆菌）约为80%。

Claims (3)

1.一种多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料，由大麻纤维、棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维混纺而成，其特征在于：所述面料的经纱由大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维混纺而成，所述面料的纬纱由棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维混纺而成，所述经纱中大麻纤维、竹纤维、羊毛纤维的混纺比例为(1～3)：1：1，所述纬纱中棉纤维、竹纤维和羊毛纤维的混纺比例为(2～6)：1：1；
其中，所述经纱和纬纱由如下步骤制得：将竹纤维和羊毛纤维置于丙酮中浸泡，同时进行超声震荡处理，洗涤后脱水烘干，制得混合纤维；将混合纤维与大麻纤维按比例混匀并捻成混合纱线，即制得经纱；将混合纤维与棉纤维按比例混匀并捻成混合纱线，即制得纬纱；
其中，所述经纱和纬纱分别合股加捻1根棉麻丝，所述的棉麻丝由大麻纤维与棉纤维按质量比1：(1～3)进行混纺制得；
所述大麻纤维进行预处理，处理步骤为：将大麻纤维置于果胶酶溶液中常温浸泡；然后将处理后的大麻纤维继续浸入到壳聚糖水溶液中浸泡，脱水、烘干；
所述棉纤维进行预处理，处理步骤为：将棉纤维进行沸水煮15～30分钟，然后置于浓度为5～20g/L碱性木聚糖酶溶液进行浸渍0.5～2小时；
所述的羊毛纤维经过抗菌处理，处理步骤为：将羊毛纤维置于清洗容器中，加入丙酮搅拌后晾干；将晾干后的羊毛纤维置于烧杯中，加入抗菌功能母液，避光条件下浸泡3～12小时；将抗菌处理后的羊毛纤维置于洗涤容器中，加入去离子水，搅拌洗涤10～20分钟后晾干、备用；
所述的抗菌功能母液按质量百分含量计，纳米银颗粒0.1～30％、水溶性硅烷偶联剂0.01～0.1％、余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料，其特征在于：所述的经纱和纬纱进行碱处理，处理步骤为：将经纱和纬纱分别浸入浓度为1～5g/L的碱溶液中，在温度80～90℃下保温15～30分钟，最后用清水清洗1～2次。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多元棉麻混纺加功能纤维的复合功能面料，其特征在于：所述的果胶酶溶液的浓度为10～50g/L，浸泡时间为15～30分钟；所述的壳聚糖水溶液浓度为10～20g/L，浸泡时间为1～3小时。
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